Uronic acid-containing oligosaccharins: Their biosynthesis, degradation and signalling roles in non-diseased plant tissues

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Volumn 38, Issue 1-2, 2000, Pages 125-140

  Dumville, Jo C ^a   Fry, Stephen C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Fruit ripening; Inositol oligosaccharides; Oligogalacturonides; Oligosaccharides; Pecti ns; Phytoglycolipids; Polygalacturonases

Indexed keywords

LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM; ROSA;

EID: 0034122781     PISSN: 09819428     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0981-9428(00)00163-7     Document Type: Review

References (94)

1. Aldington S., Fry S.C. Oligosaccharins. Adv. Bot. Res. 19:1993;1-101.
2. Aldington S., Fry S.C. Rhamnogalacturonan-II - a biologically active fragment. J. Exp. Bot. 45:1994;287-293.
3. Auxtová O., Lišková D., Kákoniová D., Kubackova M., Karácsonyi Š., Bilisics L. Effect of galactoglucomannan-derived oligosaccharides on elongation growth of pea and spruce stem segments stimulated by auxin. Planta. 196:1995;420-424.
4. Baldwin E.A., Biggs R.H. Cell-wall lysing enzymes and products of cell-wall digestion elicit ethylene in citrus. Physiol. Plant. 73:1988;58-64.
5. Barbier-Brygoo H., Ephritikhine G., Klämbt D., Maurel C., Palme K., Schell J., Guern J. Perception of the auxin signal at the plasma membrane of tobacco mesophyll protoplasts. Plant J. 1:1991;83-93.
6. Basse C.W., Bock K., Boller T. Elicitors and suppressors of the defense response in tomato cells. Purification and characterization of glycopeptide elicitors and glycan suppressors generated by enzymatic cleavage of yeast invertase. J. Biol. Chem. 267:1992;10258-10265.
7. 3H]Mannose incorporation in cultured plant cells: investigation of L-galactose residues in the primary cell wall. J. Plant Physiol. 132:1988;484-490.
8. Baydoun E.A.H., Fry S.C. In vivo degradation and extracellular polymer-binding of xyloglucan nonasaccharide, a natural anti-auxin. J. Plant Physiol. 134:1989;453-459.
9. Biffen M., Hanke D.E. Metabolic fate of myo-inositol in soybean callus cells. Plant Sci. 75:1991;203-213.
10. Brady C.J. Fruit ripening. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 38:1987;155-178.
11. Brady C.J., O'Connell P.B.H., Smydzuk J., Wade N.L. Permeability, sugar accumulation and respiration rate in banana fruits. Austr. J. Biol. Sci. 23:1970;1143-1152.
12. Branca C.A., de Lorenzo G., Cervone F. Competitive inhibition of the auxin-induced elongation by α-D-oligogalacturonides in pea segments. Physiol. Plant. 72:1988;499-504.
13. Brearley C.A., Parmar P.N., Hanke D.E. Metabolic evidence for PtdIns(4,5)P2-directed phospholipase C in permeabilized plant protoplasts. Biochem. J. 324:1997;123-131.
14. Brecht J.K. Locular formation of developing tomato fruit and the initiation of ethylene production. Hortic. Sci. 22:1987;476-479.
15. Brecht J.K., Huber D.J. Products released from enzymically active cell wall stimulate ethylene production and ripening in pre-climacteric tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit. Plant Physiol. 88:1988;1037-1041.
16. Brown J.A., Fry S.C. Novel O-D-galacturonoyl esters in the pectic polysaccharides of suspension-cultured plant cells. Plant Physiol. 103:1993;993-999.
17. Campbell A.D., Labavitch J.M. Induction and regulation of ethylene biosynthesis by pectic oligomers in cultured pear cells. Plant Physiol. 97:1991;699-705.
18. Campbell A.D., Labavitch J.M. Induction and regulation of ethylene biosynthesis and ripening by pectic oligomers in tomato pericarp discs. Plant Physiol. 97:1991;706-713.
19. Caro H.N., Kunjara S., Rademacher T.W., León Y., Jones D.R., Avila M.A., Vare la Nieto I.N.A. Isolation and partial characterisation of insulin-mimetic inositol phosphoglycans from human liver. Biochem. Mol. M. 61:1997;214-228.
20. Carter H.E., Kisic A., Koob J.L., Martin J.A. Biochemistry of sphingolipids. XIX. Studies on an epimerization phenomenon in the oligosaccharide of phytoglycolipid. Biochemistry. 8:1969;389-393.
21. Cervone F., Hahn M.G., de Lorenzo G., Darvill A.G., Albersheim P. Host-pathogen interactions. XXXIII. A plant protein converts a fungal pathogenesis factor into an elicitor of plant defense responses. Plant Physiol. 90:1989;542-548.
22. Cervone F., de Lorenzo G., Pressey R., Darvill A.G., Albersheim P. Can Phaseolus PGIP inhibit pectic enzymes from microbes and plants? Phytochemistry. 29:1990;447-449.
23. Cheng C.W., Huber D.J. Alterations in structural polysaccharides during liquefaction of tomato locule tissue. Plant Physiol. 111:1996;447-457.
24. Cheng C.W., Huber D.J. Carbohydrate solubilization of tomato locule tissue cell walls: parallels with locule tissue liquefaction during ripening. Physiol. Plant. 101:1997;51-58.
25. Cutillas-Iturralde A., Fulton D.C., Fry S.C., Lorences E.P. Xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides induce ethylene synthesis in persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit. J. Exp. Bot. 49:1998;701-706.
26. Darvill A.G., Augur C., Bergmann C., Carlson R.W., Cheong J.J., Eberhard S., Hahn M.G., Ló V.M., Marfà V., Meyer B., Mohnen D., O'Neill M.A., Spiro M.D., van Halbeek H., York W.S., Albersheim P. Oligosaccharins - oligosaccharides that regulate growth, development and defence responses in plants. Glycobiology. 2:1992;181-198.
27. De Veau E.J.I., Gross K.C., Huber D.J., Watada A.E. Degradation and solubilization of pectin by β-galactosidase purified from avocado mesocarp. Physiol. Plant. 87:1993;279-285.
28. Dircks L.K., Vancanneyt G., McCormick S. Biochemical characterization and baculovirus expression of the pectate lyase-like LAT56 and LAT59 pollen proteins of tomato. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 34:1993;509-520.
29. Domingo C., Roberts K., Stacey N.J., Connerton I., Ruiz Teran F., McCann M.C. A pectate lyase from Zinnia elegans is auxin inducible. Plant J. 13:1998;17-28.
30. Fischer R.L., Bennett A.B. Role of cell wall hydrolyases in fruit ripening. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 42:1991;675-703.
31. Fry S.C. The Growing Plant Cell Wall: Chemical and Metabolic Analysis. 1988;Longman, Harlow, Essex.
32. Fry S.C. Polysaccharide-modifying enzymes in the plant cell wall. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 46:1995;497-520.
33. Fry S.C. Oxidative scission of plant cell wall polysaccharides by ascorbate-induced hydroxyl radicals. Biochem. J. 332:1998;507-515.
34. Fry S.C., Northcote D.H., Sugar-nucleotide precursors of the arabinofuranosyl, arabinopyranosyl and xylopyranosyl residues of spinach polysaccharides, Plant Physiol. 73:1983;1055-1061.
35. Fry S.C., Aldington S., Hetherington P.R., Aitken J. Oligosaccharides as signals and substrates in the plant cell wall. Plant Physiol. 103:1993;1-5.
36. García-Romera I., Fry S.C. Absence of transglycosylation with oligogalacturonides in plant cells. Phytochemistry. 35:1994;67-72.
37. García-Romera I., Fry S.C. The longevity of biologically-active oligogalacturonides in rose cell cultures: degradation by exo-polygalacturonase. J. Exp. Bot. 46:1995;1853-1857.
38. García-Romera I., Fry S.C. Upper limits for endogenous oligogalacturonides and free galacturonic acid in rose cell-suspension cultures: implications for the action of exo- and endo-polygalacturonases in vivo. J. Plant Physiol. 150:1997;241-246.
39. Grierson D., Kader A.A. Fruit ripening and quality. Atherton J.G., Rudich J., The Tomato Crop: A Scientific Basis for Improvement. 1986;241-280 Chapman and Hall, London.
40. Grierson D., Tucker G.A. Timing of ethylene and polygalacturonase synthesis in relation to the control of tomato fruit ripening. Planta. 157:1983;174-179.
41. Gross K.C. Fractionation and partial characterization of cell walls from normal and non-ripening mutant tomato fruits. Physiol. Plant. 62:1984;25-32.
42. Gross K.C., Sams C.E. Changes in cell-wall neutral sugar composition during fruit ripening - a species survey. Phytochemistry. 23:1984;2457-2461.
43. Halliwell B., Gutteridge J.M.C. Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: An overview. Methods Enzymol. 186:1990;1-85.
44. Honda Y., Inaoka H., Takei A., Sugimura Y., Otsuji K. Extracellular polysaccharides produced by tuberose callus. Phytochemistry. 41:1996;1517-1521.
45. Hsieh T.C.Y., Lester R.L., Laine R.A. Glycophosphoceramides from plants: purification and characterization of a novel tetrasaccharide from tobacco leaf glycolipids. J. Biol. Chem. 256:1981;7747-7755.
46. Huber D.J. Polyuronide degradation and hemicellulose modifications in ripening tomato fruit. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 108:1983;405-409.
47. Huber D.J., Lee J.H. Comparative-analysis of pectins from pericarp and locular gel in developing tomato fruit. ACS Symposium Series. 310:1986;141-156.
48. Huber D.J., O'Donoghue E.M. Polyuronides in avocado fruits (Persea americana) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruits exhibit markedly different patterns of molecular weight downshift during ripening. Plant Physiol. 102:1993;473-480.
49. Ishii T., Matsunaga T. Isolation and characterization of a boron-rhamnogalacturonan II complex from cell walls of sugar beet. Carbohydr. Res. 284:1996;1-9.
50. Kim J.K., Gross K.C., Solomos T. Characterization of the stimulation of ethylene production by galactose in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit. Plant Physiol. 85:1987;804-807.
51. Knegt E., Vermeer E., Bruinsma J. Conversion of the polygalacturonase isoenzymes from ripening tomato fruits. Physiol. Plant. 72:1988;108-114.
52. Komalavilas P., Mort A. Identification of acetate groups on the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan-I a pectic polysaccharide of primary cell walls obtained from suspension-cultured cotton cells. Plant Physiol. 80s:1986;30.
53. Konno H., Yamasaki Y., Katoh K. Extracellular exo-polygalacturonase secreted from carrot cell cultures. Its purification and involvement in pectic polymer degradation. Physiol. Plant. 76:1989;514-520.
54. Laine R.A., Hsieh T.C.Y. Inositol-containing sphingolipids. Methods Enzymol. 138:1987;186-195.
55. Loewus F.A., Loewus M.W. myo-Inositol: biosynthesis and metabolism. Preiss J., The Biochemistry of Plants: a Comprehensive Treatise. 1980;43-76 Academic Press, New York.
56. Maclachlan G., Brady C. Endo-1,4-β-glucanase, xyloglucanase, and xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activities versus potential substrates in ripening tomatoes. Plant Physiol. 105:1994;965-974.
57. Marfà V., Gollin D.G., Eberhard S., Mohnen D., Darvill A.G., Albersheim P. Oligogalacturonides are able to induce flowers to form on tobacco explants. Plant J. 1:1991;217-225.
58. McDougall G.J., Fry S.C. Xyloglucan oligosaccharides promote growth and activate cellulase: evidence for a role of cellulase in cell expansion. Plant Physiol. 93:1990;1042-1048.
59. McDougall G.J., Fry S.C. Xyloglucan nonasaccharide, a naturally occurring oligosaccharin, arises in vivo by polysaccharide breakdown. J. Plant Physiol. 137:1991;332-336.
60. McMurchie E.J., McGlasson W.B., Eaks I.L. Treatment of fruit with propylene gives information about biogenesis of ethylene. Nature. 23:1972;235-236.
61. Melotto E., Greve L.C., Labavitch J.M. Cell-wall metabolism in ripening fruit. 7. Biologically-active pectin oligomers in ripening tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruits. Plant Physiol. 106:1994;575-581.
62. Messiaen J., van Cutsem P. Pectic signal transduction in carrot cells: Membrane, cytosolic and nuclear responses induced by oligogalacturonides. Plant Cell Physiol. 35:1994;677-689.
63. Mori M., Kato K. An arabinoglucuronomannan from suspension-cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum. Carbohydr. Res. 91:1981;49-58.
64. Nothnagel E.A., McNeil M., Albersheim P., Dell A. Host-pathogen interactions. XXII. Galacturonic acid oligosaccharides from plant cell walls elicit phytoalexins. Plant Physiol. 71:1983;916-926.
65. O'Donoghue E.M., Huber D.J. Modification of matrix polysaccharides during avocado (Persea americana) fruit ripening - an assessment of the role of Cx-cellulase. Physiol. Plant. 86:1992;33-42.
66. Paul A.A., Southgate D.T.A. McCance and Widdowson's The Composition of Foods. 1978;Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.
67. Pellerin P., Doco T., Vidal S., Williams P., Brillouet J.M., O'Neill M.A. Structural characterization of red wine rhamnogalacturonan II. Carbohydr. Res. 290:1996;183-197.
68. Perotto S., Donovan N., Drøbak B.K., Brewin N.J. Differential expression of a glycosyl inositol phospholipid antigen on the peribacteroid membrane during pea nodule development. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 8:1995;560-568.
69. Plank D.W., Tong C.B. Chelator used in pectin extraction triggers ethylene production by tomato fruit. Physiol. Plant. 99:1997;119-128.
70. Pressey R. Exopolygalacturonase in tomato fruit. Phytochemistry. 26:1987;1867-1870.
71. Priem B., Gross K.C. Mannosyl-containing and xylosyl-containing glycans promote tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit ripening. Plant Physiol. 98:1992;399-401.
72. Priem B., Solokwan J., Wieruszeski J.M., Strecker G., Nazih H., Morvan H. Isolation and characterization of free glycans of the oligomannoside type from the extracellular medium of a plant cell suspension. Glycoconjugate J. 7:1990;121-132.
73. Puvanesarajah V., Darvill A.G., Albersheim P. Structural characterization of two oligosaccharide fragments formed by selective cleavage of rhamnogalacturonan II: evidence for the anomeric configuration and attachment sites of apiose and 3-deoxy-2-heptulosaric acid. Carbohydr. Res. 218:1991;211-222.
74. Redgwell R.J. Composition of Actinidia mucilage. Phytochemistry. 22:1983;951-956.
75. Redgwell R.J., Harker R. Softening of kiwifruit discs: effect of inhibitor of galactose lose from cell walls. Phytochemistry. 39:1995;1319-1323.
76. Roberts A.W., Donovan S.G., Haigler C.H. A secreted factor induces cell expansion and formation of metaxylem-like tracheary elements in xylogenic suspension cultures of Zinnia. Plant Physiol. 115:1997;683-692.
77. Roberts R.M. The metabolism of L-fucose by sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cell cultures. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 128:1968;818-820.
78. Robertsen B. Elicitors of the production of lignin-like compounds in cucumber hypocotyls. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 28:1986;137-148.
79. Schröder R., Knoop B. An oligosaccharide growth factor in plant suspension cultures: a proposed structure. J. Plant Physiol. 146:1995;139-147.
80. Simpson S.D., Ashford D.A., Harvey D.J., Bowles D.J. Short chain oligogalacturonides induce ethylene production and expression of the gene encoding aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid in tomato plants. Glycobiology. 8:1998;579-583.
81. Smith C.K. A naturally occurring oligosaccharin secreted by rose cells into their suspension culture medium. Ph.D. thesis, University of Edinburgh. 1998.
82. Smith C.K., Fry S.C. Biosynthetic origin and longevity in vivo of α-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-myo-inositol, an unusual extracellular oligosaccharide produced by cultured rose cells. Planta. 210:1999;150-156.
83. Smith C.K., Hewage C.M., Fry S.C., Sadler I.H. α-D-Mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-myo-inositol, a new and unusual oligosaccharide from cultured rose cells. Phytochemistry. 49:1999;1879-1890.
84. Sozzi G.O., Camperi S.A., Cascone O., Fraschina A.A. Galactosidase in tomato fruit ontogeny: decreased galactosidase activities in antisense ACC synthase fruit during ripening and reversal with exogenous ethylene. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 25:1998;237-244.
85. Steele N.M. The architecture of tomato cell walls during ripening. Ph.D. thesis, University of East Anglia. 1995.
86. Stralfors P. Insulin second messengers. Bioessays. 19:1997;327-335.
87. Tani M., Fukui H., Shimomura M., Tabata M. Structure of the endogenous oligogalacturonides inducing shikonin biosynthesis in Lithospermum cell cultures. Phytochemistry. 31:1992;2719-2723.
88. Tieman D.M., Handa A.K. Molecular cloning and characterization of genes expressed during early tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit development by mrna differential display. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 121:1986;52-56.
89. Tong C.B., Gross K.C. Stimulation of ethylene production by a cell-wall component from mature green tomato fruit. Physiol. Plant. 80:1990;500-506.
90. Tong C.B., Labavitch J.M., Yang S.F. The induction of ethylene production from pear cell-culture by cell-wall fragments. Plant Physiol. 81:1986;929-930.
91. Vickery R.S., Bruinsma J. Compartments and permeability for potassium in developing fruits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). J. Exp. Bot. 24:1973;1261-1270.
92. Warneck H., Fulton D.C., Seitz H.U., Fry S.C. Transport, degradation and cell wall-integration of XXFGol, a growth-regulating nonasaccharide of xyloglucan, in pea stems. Planta. 204:1998;78-85.
93. West C.A. Fungal elicitors of the phytoalexin response in higher plants. Naturwissenschaften. 68:1981;447-457.
94. York W.S., Darvill A.G., Albersheim P. Inhibition of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-stimulated elongation of pea stem segments by a xyloglucan oligosaccharide. Plant Physiol. 75:1984;295-297.