Oral chemotherapy for the older patient with cancer

American Journal of Cancer

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 101-108

  Carreca, Ignazio ^a   Balducci, Lodovico ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO   (Italy)

^b H LEE MOFFITT CANCER CENTER AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

5 ETHYNYLURACIL; ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITOR; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CAPECITABINE; CISPLATIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOCETAXEL; DOXORUBICIN; ESTRAMUSTINE; ETOPOSIDE; FLUOROURACIL; GEFITINIB; IMATINIB; IRINOTECAN; METHOTREXATE; NAVELBINE; PLATINUM DERIVATIVE; PREDNISONE; PROTEIN FARNESYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; PYRIMIDINE; RECOMBINANT GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; SATRAPLATIN; TAXANE DERIVATIVE; TEMOZOLOMIDE; TOPOTECAN; UFT; VINCRISTINE;

BRAIN TUMOR; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER PALLIATIVE THERAPY; CANCER PATIENT; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMOR; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLORECTAL CANCER; CYTOTOXICITY; DIARRHEA; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG ADMINISTRATION ROUTE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG EXPOSURE; GERIATRIC CARE; GERIATRIC DISORDER; GERIATRIC PATIENT; HAND FOOT SYNDROME; HUMAN; LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MELANOMA; MUCOSA INFLAMMATION; NAUSEA; NEUTROPENIA; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SIDE EFFECT; SMALL INTESTINE CANCER; TREATMENT INDICATION; VOMITING;

EID: 0037931312     PISSN: 11756357     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00024669-200201020-00003     Document Type: Review

References (98)

1. Balducci L, Extermann M. A practical approach to the older cancer patient. Curr Probl Cancer 2001; 25 (1): 6-76
2. Yancik RM, Ries L. Cancer and age: magnitude of the problem. In: Balducci L, Lyman GH, Ershler WB, editors. Comprehensive geriatric oncology. London: Harwood Academic Publishers. 1998: 95-114
3. Balducci L, Extermann M. Cancer and aging: an evolving panorama. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000; 4: 1-12
4. Balducci L, Yates G. General guidelines for the management of the older patients with cancer. Oncology (Huntingt) 2000 Nov; 14 (11A): 221-7
5. Balducci L, Extermann M. Cancer in the older patient: a practical approach. Oncologist 2000; 5: 224-37
6. Balducci L, Lyman GH. Patients aged ≥70 are at high risk for neutropenic infection and should receive hemopoietic growth factors when treated with moderately toxic chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2001 Mar 1; 19 (5): 1583-5
7. Vestal RE. Aging and pharmacology. Cancer 1997; 80: 1302-10
8. Baker SD, Grochow LB. Pharmacology of cancer chemotherapy in the older person. Clin Geriatr Med 1997; 13: 169-84
9. Balducci L, Corcoran MB. Antineoplastic chemotherapy of the older cancer patient. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000; 14: 193-212
10. Duthie E. Physiology of aging: relevance to symptom perceptions and treatment tolerance. In: Balducci L, Lyman GH, Ershler WB, editors. Comprehensive geriatric oncology. London: Harwood Academic Publishers. 1998; 247-62
11. Borkowski JM, Duerr M, Donehower RC, et al. Relation between age and clearance rate of nine investigational anticancer drugs from phase 1 pharmacokinetics data. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1994; 33: 493-6
12. Gurney H. Dose calculation of anticancer drugs: a review of the current practice and introduction of an alternative. J Clin Oncol 1996; 14: 2590-611
13. Lichtman SM, Skirvin JA. Pharmacology of antineoplastic agents in older cancer patient. Oncology (Huntingt) 2000 Mar; 66 (3): 224-6
14. Pierelli L, Perillo A, Greggi S, et al. Erythropoietin addition to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor abrogates life-threatening neutropenia and increases peripheral blood progenitor-cell mobilization after epirubicin, paclitaxel and cisplatin in combination chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 1999; 17: 1288-96
15. Ratain MJ, Schilsky RL, Choi KE, et al. Adaptive control of etoposide administration: impact of interpatient pharmacodynamic variability. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989; 45: 226-33
16. Silber JH, Fridman M, Di Paola RS, et al. First-cycle blood counts and subsequent neutropenia, dose reduction or delay in early stage breast cancer therapy. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 2392-400
17. Extermann M, Chen A, Cantor AB, et al. Predictors of toxicity from chemotherapy in older patients [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2000; 19: 617a
18. Schijvers D, Highley M, DeBruyn E, et al. Role of red blood cell in pharmakinetics of chemotherapeutic agents. Anticancer Drugs 1999; 10: 147-53
19. Balducci L, Hardy CL. Anemia of aging: a model of erythropoiesis in cancer-patients. Cancer Control 1998; 5 (2 Suppl. 1): 17-21
20. Balducci L, Ershler WB. Anemia and aging. Arch Int Med. In press
21. Lancet JE, Willman CL, Bennett JM. Acute myelogenous leukemia and aging: clinical interactions. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000; 16: 251-68
22. Jacobson SD, Cha S, Sargent DJ, et al. Tolerability, dose intensity and benefit of 5FU based chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) in the elderly: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group Study [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2001; 20 (384a): 1534
23. Stein BN, Petrelli NJ, Douglass HO, et al. Age and sex are independent predictors of 5-fluorouracil toxicity. Cancer 1995; 75: 11-7
24. Saltzman JR, Russe RM. The aging gut: nutritional issues. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1998; 27: 305-24
25. Kemeny N, Fata F. Arterial, portal or systemic chemotherapy for patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 1999; 6: 39-49
26. Budman GR, Meropol NJ, Reigner B. Preliminary studies of a novel oral fluoropyrimidine carbamate: capecitabine. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 1795-80
27. Balducci L, Hardy CH, Lyman GH. Hemopoietic growth factors in the older cancer patient. Curr Opin Hematol 2001 May; 8 (3): 170-87
28. Balducci L, Hardy CL, Lyman GH. Hemopoietic reserve in the older cancer patient: clinical and economic considerations. Cancer Control 2000; 7 (6): 539-47
29. Zinzani PG, Storti S, Zaccaria A, et al. Elderly aggressive histology non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: first line VNCOP-B regimen: experience on 350 patients. Blood 1999; 94: 33-8
30. Sonneveld P, de Ridder M, van der Lelie H, et al. Comparison of doxorubicin and mitoxantrone in the treatment of elderly patients with advanced diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using CHOP vs CNOP chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 1995; 13: 2530-9
31. Gomez H, Mas L, Casanova L, et al. Elderly patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with CHOP chemotherapy plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: identification of two age subgroups with differing hematologic toxicity. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 2352-8
32. Tirelli U, Errante D, Van Glabbeke M, et al. CHOP is the standard regimen in patients ≥70 years of age with intermediate and high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of a randomized study of the European organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lymphoma Cooperative Study. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 27-34
33. Bastion Y, Blay JY, Divine M, et al. Elderly patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: disease presentation, response to treatment and survival: a Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte Study on 453 patients older than 69 years. J Clin Oncol 1997; 15: 2945-53
34. Bertini M, Freilone R, Vitolo U, et al. The treatment of elderly patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: feasibility and efficacy of an intensive multidrug regimen. Leuk Lymphoma 1996; 22: 483-93
35. O'Reilly SE, Connors JM, Howdle S, et al. In search of an optmial regimen for elderly patients with advanced-stage diffuse large-cell lymphoma: results of a phase II study of P/DOCE chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 1993; 11: 2250-7
36. Armitage JO, Potter JF. Aggressive chemotherapy for diffuse histiocytic lymphoma in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1984; 32: 269-73
37. Bjorkholm M, Osby E, Hagberg H, et al. Randomized trial of R-methu granulocyte colony stimulating factors as adjunto to CHOP or CNOP treatment of elderly patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [abstract no. 2665]. Blood 1999; 94: 599a
38. Zagonel V, Babare R, Merola MC, et al. Cost-benefit of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor admmistration in older patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with combination chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 1994; 5 Suppl. 2: 127-32
39. Extermann M, Aapro M. Assessment of the older cancer patient, Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000; 14 (1): 63-78
40. Extermann M. Assessing the older cancer patient. Oncol Spectrums. In press
41. Extermann M, Balducci L, Lyman GH. What threshold for adjuvant therapy in older breast cancer patients? J Clin Oncol 2000; 18: 1709-17
42. Reuben DB, Rubenstein LV, Hirsch SH, et al. Value of functional status as predictor of mortality. Am J Med 1992; 93: 663-9
43. Piccirillo JF, Feinstein AR. Clinical symptoms and comorbidity: significance for the prognostic classification of cancer. Cancer 1996; 77: 834-42
44. Bruce ML, Hoff RA, Jacobs SC, et al. The effect of cognitive impairment on 9-year mortality in a community sample. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 1995; 50: 289-96
45. Covinsky KE, Kahana E, Chin MH, et al. Depressive symptoms and three year mortality in older hospitalized medical patients. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130: 563-9
46. Tinetti ME, Williams CS. The effects of falls and fall injuries in functioning in community dwelling older persons. J Gerontol 1998; 53A: MI 12-9
47. Rockwood K, Stadnyk K, Macknigt C, et al. A brief instrument to classify frailty in elderly people. Lancet 1999; 353: 205-6
48. Verdery RB. Failure to thrive in old age: follow-up on a workshop. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 1997; 52: M333-6
49. Dyer CB, Pavlick VN, Murphy KP, et al. The high prevalence of depression and dementia in elder abuse or neglect. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000; 48: 205-8
50. Haley WE, Ehrbar L, Schonwetter RS. Family caregiving issues, In: Balducci L, Lyman GH, Ershler WB, editors. Comprehensive geriatric oncology. London: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1998: 805-12
51. Extermann M, Overcash J, Lyman GH, et al. Comorbidity and functional status are independent in older cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 1582-7
52. Hamermann D. Toward an understanding of frailty. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130: 945-50
53. Balducci L, Stanta G. Cancer in the frail patient: a coming epidemic. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000; 14: 235-50
54. Balducci L, Extermann M. Management of the frail cancer patient. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2000; 33: 143-8
55. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56: M146-56
56. Pieper CF, Murali K, Rao K, et al. Age. functional status and racial differences in plasma D-Dimer levels in community-dwelling elderly persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 1997; 55: M649-57
57. Sheehan DC, Forman WB. Symptomatic management of the older person with cancer. Clin Geriatr Med 1997; 13: 203-20
58. Sun W, Haller D. UFT in the treatment of colorectal and breast cancer. Oncology (Huntingt) 2001; 15 Suppl. 1: 49-56
59. Diasio RB. Improving 5-FU with a novel dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase inactivator. Oncology 1998; 12 Suppl. 4: 51-6
60. Blum JL, Buzdar A, Dieras V, et al. A multicenter phase II trial of capecitabine in paclitaxel refractory-metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1999; 17 (2): 485-93
61. O'Reilly S, Moiseyenko V, Bell D, et al. A randomized phase two study of Xeloda (capecitabine) vs paclitaxel in breast cancer patients failing previous anthracycline therapy [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1998; 17: 627a
62. O'Shaughnessy J, Moiseyenko V, Bell D, et al. A randomized phase II study of Xeloda (capecitabine) vs CMF as front-line chemotherapy of breast cancer in women aged greater than 55 years [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1998; 17: 398a
63. Twelves C, Harper P, Van Cutsem E, et al. A phase three trial in previously untreated advanced/metastatic colorectal cancer [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999; 18: 263a
64. Lozano RD, Patt YZ, Hassan MM, et al. Oral capecitabine for the treatment of hepatobiliary cancers [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2000; 19: 264a
65. Felius S, Gonzalez-Baron M, Espinosa E, et al. Uracil and tegafur modulated with LV: an effective regimen with low toxicity for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma in the elderly. Cancer 1997; 79: 1884-9
66. Pazdur R, Donillard JY, Skillings JR, et al. Multicenter phase III study of 5 fluorouracil or UFTTM in combination with leucovorin in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999; 18: 1009a
67. Carmichael J, Popiela T, Raditon D, et al. Randomized comparative study of orzel (UFT plus leucovorin) vs parenteral 5-Fluorouracil plus leucovorin in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999; 18: 1015a
68. Ota K, Tagnchi T, Kimara K, et al. Report on national pooled data and cohort investigation of UFT in phase II study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1988; 22: 333-8
69. Richaret E, Mickienwiez E, Lerzo G, et al. UFT plus leucovorin in advanced breast cancer: preliminary results in heavily pretreated patients [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999: 19: 869a
70. Rivera E, Chevlen E, Eckardt J, et al. A phase II open label study to evaluate a 28-day oral regimen of 5-fluorouracil plus 776C85 for the treatment of patients with taxane and anthracycline resistant advanced breast cancer [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1998; 17: 113a
71. Burris HA, Ravdin P, Gutheil J, et al. Eniluracil/5FU in anthracycline and taxane refractory breast cancer [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999; 18: 17a
72. Goldberg RM, Kugler J, Mahoney MR, et al. A phase II trial of 7 days of orla 776C85 plus 5 days of 5-Fluorouracil in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group Study [abstract], Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2000; 19: 245a
73. Mani S, Beck T, Chevlen E, et al. A phase II open label study to evaluate a 28 day regimen of oral 5-fluorouracil plus 776C85 for the treatment of patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1998; 17: 281a
74. Vanhofer U, Wilke H. Oral fluoropyrimidine based combination therapy in gastrointestinal cancer. Oncology (Huntingt) 2001; 15 Suppl. 1: 79-84
75. Esteva FJ, Valero V, Pusztai L, et al. Chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer: what to expect in 2001 and beyond. Oncologist 2001; 6: 133-46
76. Phillis NC. Oral etoposide. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1988; 22: 860-3
77. Ando M, Minami H, Uger DR, et al. Pharmacological analysis of etoposide in elderly patients with lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5: 1690-5
78. Souhami RL, Spiro SG, Rudd RM, et al. Five days oral etoposide treatment for advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): randomized comparison with intravenous chemotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89: 1892-3
79. Ozols RF. Oral etoposide for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer. Drugs 1999; 58 Suppl. 3: 43-9
80. Kamradt JM, Pienta KJ. Etoposide in prostate cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2000; 1: 271-5
81. Okamoto T, Nishimura Y, Yamada S, et al. Long-term administration of oral low-dose topoisomerase II in MST-16 and VP-16 for refractory or relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Acta Haematol 2000; 104: 128-30
82. Greco FA. Oral etoposide in lymphoma. Drugs 1999; 58 Suppl. 3: 35-41
83. Remick SC, Sedransk N, Haase RF, et al. Oral combination chemotherapy in conjunction with filgrastim (G-CSF) in treatment of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: evaluation of the role of G-CSF: quality of life analysis and long term follow-up. Am J Hematol 2001; 66: 178-88
84. Beale P, Judson I, Moore S, et al. Effect of gastric pH on the relative oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of temozolomide. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1999; 44: 389-94
85. Middleton MR, Grob JJ, Aaronson N, et al. Randomized phase III study of temozolomide versus dacarbazine in the treatment of patients with advanced malignant melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18: 158-66
86. Christodoulou C, Bafaloukos D, Kosmidis P, et al. Phase II study of temozolomide in heavily pretreated cancer patients with brain metastases. Ann Oncol 2001; 12: 249-54
87. Newland ES, Blackledge GRP, Slack JA, et al. Phase I trial of temozolomide (CCRG 81045: M & B 39832: NSC 362856). Br J Cancer 1992; 65: 287-91
88. Bengston EM, Rigas JR. New oral chemotherapeutic agents for lung cancer. Drugs 1999; 58 Suppl. 3: 57-69
89. Winer ER, Chu L, Spicer DV, et al. Oral vinorelbine in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Semin Oncol 1995; 22 Suppl. 5: 72-8
90. Vokes EE, Rosenberg RK, Jahanzeb M, et al. Multicenter phase II study of weekly oral vinorelbine for stage 4 non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 1995; 13: 637-44
91. Kalland JR. An update of satraplatin, the first oral available platinum anticancer drug. Exp Opin Investig Drugs 2000; 9: 1373-82
92. Malongre MM, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH. Oral delivery of taxanes. Invest New Drugs 2001; 19: 155-62
93. Gelderblom HA, De Jong MG, Spaneboom A, et al. Oral topoisomerase I inhibitors in adults: present and future. Invest New Drugs 1999; 17: 401-15
94. Drucker BJ, Talpaz M, Resta DJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1031-7
95. Joensuu H, Roberts PJ, Sarlomo-Rikala M, et al. Effect of the thyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 in a patient with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1052-6
96. Swaisland H, Laight A, Stafford L, et al. Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of the orally active selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 2001; 40: 297-306
97. Adjei AA. Blocking oncogenic Ras signaling for cancer therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93: 1062-74
98. Weng DE, Usman N. Angiozyme: a novel angiogenesis inhibitor. Curr Oncol Rep 2001; 3: 141-6