What threshold for adjuvant therapy in older breast cancer patients?

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Volumn 18, Issue 8, 2000, Pages 1709-1717

  Extermann, Martine ^a   Balducci, Lodovico ^a   Lyman, Gary H ^a  

^a H LEE MOFFITT CANCER CENTER AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; FLUOROURACIL; METHOTREXATE; TAMOXIFEN;

AGED; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER STAGING; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; FEMALE; GERIATRIC PATIENT; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 0033995153     PISSN: 0732183X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.8.1709     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group: Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: An overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 351:1451-1467, 1998
2. International Breast Cancer Study Group: Effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in combination with tamoxifen for node-positive postmenopausal breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 15:1385-1394, 1997
3. Henderson IC, Berry D, Demetri G, et al: Improved disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) from the addition of sequential paclitaxel (T) but not from the escalation of doxoruhicin (A) dose level in the adjuvant chemotherapy of patients (pts) with node-positive primary breast cancer (BC). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 17:101a, 1998 (abstr 390A)
4. Sondik EJ: Breast cancer trends. Cancer 74:995-999, 1994
5. McCarthy EP, Burns RB, Coughlin SS, et al: Mammography use helps to explain differences in breast cancer stage at diagnosis between older black and white women. Ann Intern Med 128:729-736, 1998
6. Rakowski W, Pearlman D: Demographic aspects of aging: Current and future trends, in Reichel W (ed): Care of the Elderly (ed 4). Baltimore, MD, Williams & Wilkins, 1995, pp 488-495
7. Manton KG, Vaupel JW: Survival after the age of 80 in the United States, Sweden, France, England, and Japan. N Engl J Med 333:1232-1235, 1995
8. Extermann M, Overcash J, Lyman GH, et al: Comorhidity and functional status are independent in older cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 16:1582-1587, 1998
9. Yancik R: Epidemiology of cancer in the elderly. Current status and projections for the future. Rays 22:3-9, 1997
10. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group: Polychemotherapy for early breast cancer: An overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 352:930-942, 1998
11. Desch CE, Hillner BE, Smith TJ, et al: Should the elderly receive chemotherapy for node-negative breast cancer? A cost-effectiveness analysis examining total and active life-expectancy outcomes. J Clin Oncol 11:777-782, 1993
12. Sonnenberg FA, Beck JR: Markov models in medical decision making: A practical guide, Med Decis Making 13:322-338, 1993
13. National Center for Health Statistics: Vital Statistics of the United States, 1988 (vol 2): Mortality (part A). Washington, DC, Public Health Service, 1991
14. Sonnenberg FA, Wong JB: Fine-tuning life-expectancy calculations using Markov processes. Med Decis Making 13:170-172, 1993
15. Beck JR, Kassirer JP, Pauker SG: A convenient approximation of life expectancy (the "DEALE"). Am J Med 73:883-888, 1982
16. Castiglione M, Gelber R, Goldhirsch A: Adjuvant systemic therapy for breast cancer in the elderly: Competing causes of mortality. J Clin Oncol 8:519-526, 1990
17. Murabito JM, Evans JC, Larson MG, et al: Prognosis after the onset of coronary heart disease. Circulation 88:2548-2555, 1993
18. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group: Systemic treatment of early breast cancer by hormonal, cytotoxic, or immune therapy. Lancet 339:1-15, 1992
19. Saphner T, Tormey DC, Gray R: Annual hazard rates of recurrence for breast cancer after primary therapy. J Clin Oncol 14:2738-2746, 1996
20. Extermann M, Balducci L, Lyman G: Optimal duration of adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in elderly breast cancer patients: Influence of age, comorbidities and various effectiveness hypotheses on life-expectancy and cost. Breast Disease 9:327-339, 1996
21. Christman K, Muss HB, Case D, et al: Chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer in the elderly. JAMA 268:57-62, 1992
22. Clark GM, Sledge GW, Osborne K, et al: Survival from first recurrence: Relative importance of prognostic in 1,015 breast cancer-patients. J Clin Oncol 5:55-61, 1987
23. Leivonen MK, Kalima TV: Prognostic factors associated with survival after breast cancer recurrence. Acta Oncol 30:583-586, 1991
24. Buzdar AU: Chemotherapeutic approaches to advanced breast cancer. Semin Oncol 15:65-70, 1988
25. Breast Cancer Trials Committee, Scottish Cancer Trials Office: Adjuvant tamoxifen in the management of operable breast cancer: The Scottish trial. Lancet 2:171-175, 1987
26. Goldhirsch A, Coates AS, Colleoni M, et al: Adjuvant chemotherapy in postmenopausal breast cancer: Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil dose and schedule may make a difference. J Clin Oncol 16:1358-1362, 1998
27. Gelman RS, Taylor SG: Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy in women more than 65 years old with advanced breast cancer: The elimination of age trends in toxicity by using doses based on creatinine clearance. J Clin Oncol 2:1404-1413, 1984
28. Fisher B, Costantino J, Redmond C, et al: A randomized clinical trial evaluating tamoxifen in the treatment of patients with node-negative breast cancer who have estrogen-receptor-positive tumors. N Engl J Med 320:479-484, 1989
29. Rutqvist LE, Mattson A: Cardiac and thromboembolic morbidity among postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer in a randomized trial of adjuvant tamoxifen. J Natl Cancer Inst 85:1398-1406, 1993
30. Saphner T, Tormey DC, Gray R: Venous and arterial thrombosis in patients who received adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 9:286-294, 1991
31. Rivkin SE, Green S, Metch B, et al: Adjuvant CMFVP versus tamoxifen versus concurrent CMFVP and tamoxifen for postmenopausal, node-positive, and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients: A Southwest Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol 12:2078-2085, 1994
32. Mansour EG, Eudey L, Tormey DC, et al: Chemotherapy versus observation in high-risk node-negative breast cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 11:97-104, 1992
33. Hull RD, Raskob GE, Pineo GF, et al: Subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin compared with continuous intravenous heparin in the treatment of proximal-vein thrombosis. N Engl J Med 326:975-982, 1992
34. Prandoni P, Lensing AWA, Buller HR, et al: Comparison of subcutaneous low-moleeular-weight heparin with intravenous standard heparin in proximal deep-vein thrombosis. Lancet 339:441-445, 1992
35. Fisher B, Costantino JP, Redmond CK, et al: Endometrial cancer in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients: Findings from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-14. J Natl Cancer Inst 86:527-537, 1994
36. Fornander T, Rutqvist LE, Cedermark B, et al: Adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast cancer: Occurrence of new primary cancers. Lancet 1:117-119, 1989
37. van Leeuwen FE, Benraadt J, Coebergh JWW, et al: Risk of endometrial cancer after tamoxifen treatment of breast cancer. Lancet 343:448-452, 1994
38. Jordan VC, Morrow M: Should clinicians be concerned about the carcinogenic potential of tamoxifen? Eur J Cancer 11:1714-1721, 1994
39. Furr BJ, Jordan VC: The pharmacology and clinical uses of tamoxifen. Pharmacol Ther 25:127-205, 1984
40. Ludwig Breast Cancer Study Group: Randomised trial of chemo-endocrine therapy, endocrine therapy, and mastectomy alone in postmenopausal patients with operable breast cancer and axillary node metastasis. Lancet 1:1256-1260, 1984
41. Fisher B, Brown AM, Dimitrov NV, et al: Two months of doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide with and without interval reinduction therapy compared with 6 months of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in positive-node breast cancer patients with tamoxifen-nonresponsive tumors: Results from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-15. J Clin Oncol 8:1483-1496, 1990
42. Fisher B, Redmond C, Legault-Poisson S, et al: Postoperative chemotherapy and tamoxifen compared with tamoxifen alone in the treatment of positive-node breast cancer patients aged 50 years and older with tumors responsive to tamoxifen: Results from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-16. J Clin Oncol 8:1005-1018, 1990
43. Taylor SG, Knuiman MW, Sleeper LA, et al: Six-year results of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial of observation versus CMFP versus CMFPT in postmenopausal patients with node-positive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 7:879-889, 1989
44. Boccardo F, Rubagotti A, Bruzzi P, et al: Chemotherapy versus tamoxifen versus chemotherapy plus tamoxifen in node-positive, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients: results of a multicentric Italian study - Breast Cancer Adjuvant Chemo-Hormone Therapy. J Clin Oncol 8:1310-1320, 1990
45. Wood WC, Budman DR, Korzun AH, et al: Dose and dose intensity of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II, node-positive breast carcinoma. N Engl J Med 330:1253-1259, 1994
46. Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Senn HJ, et al: International consensus panel on the treatment of primary breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 31A: 1754-1759, 1995
47. Quiet CA, Ferguson DJ, Weichselbaum RR, et al: Natural history of node-negative breast cancer: A study of 826 patients with long-term follow-up. J Clin Oncol 13:1144-1151, 1995
48. Quiet CA, Ferguson DJ, Weichselbaum RR, et al: Natural history of node-positive breast cancer: The curability of small cancers with a limited number of positive nodes. J Clin Oncol 14:3105-3111, 1996
49. Slevin ML, Stubbs L, Plant HJ, et al: Attitudes to chemotherapy: Comparing views of patients with cancer with those of doctors, nurses, and general public. BMJ 300:1458-1460, 1990
50. Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Swiss Statistical Annuary: Table 1.19. Neuchâtel, Switzerland, Swiss Federal Statistical Office, 1999
51. Bremnes RM, Andersen K, Wist EA: Cancer patients, doctors and nurses vary in their willingness to undertake cancer chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer 31A: 1955-1959, 1995
52. McQuellon RP, Muss HB, Hoffman SL, et al: Patient preferences for treatment of metastatic breast cancer: A study of women with early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 13:858-868, 1995
53. Yellen SB, Cella DF, Leslie WT: Age and clinical decision making in oncology patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 86:1766-1770, 1994
54. Yusuf S, Wittes J, Friedman L: Overview of results of randomized clinical trials in heart disease. JAMA 260:2088-2093, 1988
55. Antiplatelets Trialists' Collaboration: Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy: I. Prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients. BMJ 308:81-106, 1994
56. Hryniuk W, Levine MN: Analysis of dose intensity for adjuvant chemotherapy trials in stage II breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 4:1162-1170, 1986
57. Inouye SK, Peduzzi PN, Robison JT, et al: Importance of functional measures in predicting mortality among older hospitalized patients. JAMA 279:1187-1193, 1998
58. Trimble EL, Carter CL, Cain D, et al: Representation of older patients in cancer treatment trials. Cancer 74:2208-2214, 1994