메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 931-940

Glutathione depletion overcomes resistance to arsenic trioxide in arsenic-resistant cell lines

Author keywords

Acute promyelocytic leukemia; Arsenic resistance; Arsenic trioxide; Glutathione; Reactive oxygen species

Indexed keywords

ARSENIC TRIOXIDE; BUTHIONINE SULFOXIMINE; GLUTATHIONE; HYBRID PROTEIN; LIPOCORTIN 5; ONCOPROTEIN; RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR ALPHA;

EID: 0037851760     PISSN: 08876924     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402876     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (154)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0030610686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): I. arsenic trioxide exerts dose-dependent dual effects on APL cells
    • Chen GQ, Shi XG, Tang W, Xiong SM, Zhu J, Cai X et al. Use of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): I. arsenic trioxide exerts dose-dependent dual effects on APL cells. Blood 1997; 89: 3345-3353.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 3345-3353
    • Chen, G.Q.1    Shi, X.G.2    Tang, W.3    Xiong, S.M.4    Zhu, J.5    Cai, X.6
  • 2
    • 0030610687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): II. Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics in relapsed patients
    • Shen ZX, Chen GQ Ni JH, Li XS, Xiong SM, Qiu QY et al. Use of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): II. Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics in relapsed patients. Blood 1997; 89: 3354-3360.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 3354-3360
    • Shen, Z.X.1    Chen, G.Q.2    Ni, J.H.3    Li, X.S.4    Xiong, S.M.5    Qiu, Q.Y.6
  • 3
  • 5
    • 0025780876 scopus 로고
    • Chromosomal translocation t(15;17) in human acute promyelocytic leukemia fuses RAR alpha with a novel putative transcription factor, PML
    • Kakizuka A, Miller Jr WH, Umesono K, Warrell Jr RP, Frankel SR, Murty VV et al. Chromosomal translocation t(15;17) in human acute promyelocytic leukemia fuses RAR alpha with a novel putative transcription factor, PML. Cell 1991; 66: 663-674.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 663-674
    • Kakizuka, A.1    Miller W.H., Jr.2    Umesono, K.3    Warrell R.P., Jr.4    Frankel, S.R.5    Murty, V.V.6
  • 6
    • 0029793469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in expression, binding to ligand and DNA, and transcriptional activity of rearranged and wildtype retinoid receptors in retinoid-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines
    • Rosenauer A, Raelson JV, Nervi C, Eydoux P, DeBlasio A, Miller Jr WH. Alterations in expression, binding to ligand and DNA, and transcriptional activity of rearranged and wildtype retinoid receptors in retinoid-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines. Blood 1996; 88: 2671-2682.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 2671-2682
    • Rosenauer, A.1    Raelson, J.V.2    Nervi, C.3    Eydoux, P.4    DeBlasio, A.5    Miller W.H., Jr.6
  • 7
    • 0023473130 scopus 로고
    • A novel steroid/thyroid hormone receptor-related gene inappropriately expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma
    • de The H, Marchio A, Tiollais P, Dejean A. A novel steroid/thyroid hormone receptor-related gene inappropriately expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Nature 1987; 330: 667-670.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.330 , pp. 667-670
    • de The, H.1    Marchio, A.2    Tiollais, P.3    Dejean, A.4
  • 8
    • 0025201879 scopus 로고
    • All-trans retinoic acid as a differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. I. Clinical results
    • Castaigne S, Chomienne C, Daniel MT, Berger R, Fenaux P, Degos L. All-trans retinoic acid as a differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. I. Clinical results. Blood 1990; 76: 1704-1709.
    • (1990) Blood , vol.76 , pp. 1704-1709
    • Castaigne, S.1    Chomienne, C.2    Daniel, M.T.3    Berger, R.4    Fenaux, P.5    Degos, L.6
  • 9
    • 0026040363 scopus 로고
    • A clinical and experimental study on all-trans retinoic acid treated acute promyelocytic leukemia patients
    • Chen ZX, Xue YQ, Zhang R, Tao RF, Xia XM, Li C et al. A clinical and experimental study on all-trans retinoic acid treated acute promyelocytic leukemia patients. Blood 1991; 78: 1413-1419.
    • (1991) Blood , vol.78 , pp. 1413-1419
    • Chen, Z.X.1    Xue, Y.Q.2    Zhang, R.3    Tao, R.F.4    Xia, X.M.5    Li, C.6
  • 10
    • 0029919406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PML/RARα oncoprotein is a direct molecular target of retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells
    • Raelson JV, Nervi C, Rosenauer A, Benedetti L, Monczak Y, Pearson M et al. The PML/RARα oncoprotein is a direct molecular target of retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood 1996; 88: 2826-2832.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 2826-2832
    • Raelson, J.V.1    Nervi, C.2    Rosenauer, A.3    Benedetti, L.4    Monczak, Y.5    Pearson, M.6
  • 11
    • 0000531696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenic trioxide as an inducer of apoptosis and loss of PML-RARα protein in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells
    • Shao W, Fanelli M, Ferrara FF, Riccioni R, Rosenauer A, Davison K et al. Arsenic trioxide as an inducer of apoptosis and loss of PML-RARα protein in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998; 90: 124-133.
    • (1998) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.90 , pp. 124-133
    • Shao, W.1    Fanelli, M.2    Ferrara, F.F.3    Riccioni, R.4    Rosenauer, A.5    Davison, K.6
  • 12
    • 0010740572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: Arsenic trioxide induces NB4 cell apoptosis with downregulation of Bcl-2 expression and modulation of PML-RARα/PML proteins
    • Chen G, Zhu J, Shi X, Ni J, Zhong H, Si G et al. In vitro studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: arsenic trioxide induces NB4 cell apoptosis with downregulation of Bcl-2 expression and modulation of PML-RARα/PML proteins. Blood 1996; 88: 1052-1061.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 1052-1061
    • Chen, G.1    Zhu, J.2    Shi, X.3    Ni, J.4    Zhong, H.5    Si, G.6
  • 13
    • 0032933610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malignant cells can be sensitized to undergo growth inhibition and apoptosis by arsenic trioxide through modulation of the glutathione redox system
    • Dai J, Weinberg RS, Waxman S, Jing Y. Malignant cells can be sensitized to undergo growth inhibition and apoptosis by arsenic trioxide through modulation of the glutathione redox system. Blood 1999; 93: 268-277.
    • (1999) Blood , vol.93 , pp. 268-277
    • Dai, J.1    Weinberg, R.S.2    Waxman, S.3    Jing, Y.4
  • 14
    • 0027213647 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione S-transferase pi facilitates the excretion of arsenic from arsenic-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells
    • Wang H-F, Lee T-C. Glutathione S-transferase pi facilitates the excretion of arsenic from arsenic-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1993; 192: 1093-1099.
    • (1993) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. , vol.192 , pp. 1093-1099
    • Wang, H.-F.1    Lee, T.-C.2
  • 16
    • 0027070453 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione S-transferase pi in an arsenic-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell line
    • Lo J, Wang H, Tam M, Lee T. Glutathione S-transferase pi in an arsenic-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell line. Biochem J 1992; 288: 977-981.
    • (1992) Biochem. J. , vol.288 , pp. 977-981
    • Lo, J.1    Wang, H.2    Tam, M.3    Lee, T.4
  • 17
    • 0027305406 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione-associated cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) metabolism and ATP-dependent efflux from leukemia cells
    • Ishikawa T, Ali-Osman F. Glutathione-associated cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) metabolism and ATP-dependent efflux from leukemia cells. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 20116-20125.
    • (1993) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.268 , pp. 20116-20125
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Ali-Osman, F.2
  • 19
    • 0031823946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An active efflux system for heavy metals in cisplatin-resistant human KB carcinoma cells
    • Chen Z-S, Mutoh M, Sumizawa T, Furukawa T, Haraguchi M, Tani A et al. An active efflux system for heavy metals in cisplatin-resistant human KB carcinoma cells. Exp Cell Res 1998; 240: 312-320.
    • (1998) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.240 , pp. 312-320
    • Chen, Z.-S.1    Mutoh, M.2    Sumizawa, T.3    Furukawa, T.4    Haraguchi, M.5    Tani, A.6
  • 20
    • 0027960078 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological characterization of multidrug resistant MRP-transfected human tumor cells
    • Cole SPC, Sparks KE, Fraser K, Loe DW, Grant CE, Wilson GM et al. Pharmacological characterization of multidrug resistant MRP-transfected human tumor cells. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 5902-5910.
    • (1994) Cancer Res. , vol.54 , pp. 5902-5910
    • Cole, S.P.C.1    Sparks, K.E.2    Fraser, K.3    Loe, D.W.4    Grant, C.E.5    Wilson, G.M.6
  • 21
    • 0033563729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenite induces apoptosis via a direct effect on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore
    • Larochette N, Decaudin D, Jacotot E, Brenner C, Marzo I, Susin SA et al. Arsenite induces apoptosis via a direct effect on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Exp Cell Research 1999; 249: 413-421.
    • (1999) Exp. Cell Research , vol.249 , pp. 413-421
    • Larochette, N.1    Decaudin, D.2    Jacotot, E.3    Brenner, C.4    Marzo, I.5    Susin, S.A.6
  • 22
    • 0000928694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenic targets tubulins to induce apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cells
    • Li YM, Broome JD. Arsenic targets tubulins to induce apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cells. Cancer Res 1999; 59: 776-780.
    • (1999) Cancer Res. , vol.59 , pp. 776-780
    • Li, Y.M.1    Broome, J.D.2
  • 23
    • 0029858594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tumor promoter arsenite stimulates AP-1 activity by inhibiting a JNK phosphatase
    • Cavigelli M, Li WW, Lin A, Su B, Yoshioka K, Karin M. The tumor promoter arsenite stimulates AP-1 activity by inhibiting a JNK phosphatase. EMBO 1996; 15: 6269-6279.
    • (1996) EMBO , vol.15 , pp. 6269-6279
    • Cavigelli, M.1    Li, W.W.2    Lin, A.3    Su, B.4    Yoshioka, K.5    Karin, M.6
  • 24
    • 0032493272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutagenicity of arsenic in mammalian cells: Role of reactive oxygen species
    • Hei TK, Liu SX, Waldren C. Mutagenicity of arsenic in mammalian cells: role of reactive oxygen species. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 8103-8107.
    • (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.95 , pp. 8103-8107
    • Hei, T.K.1    Liu, S.X.2    Waldren, C.3
  • 25
    • 0029982119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenite induces apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells by generation of reactive oxygen species
    • Wang T, Kuo C, Jan K, Huang H. Arsenite induces apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells by generation of reactive oxygen species. J Cell Physiol 1996; 169: 256-268.
    • (1996) J. Cell Physiol. , vol.169 , pp. 256-268
    • Wang, T.1    Kuo, C.2    Jan, K.3    Huang, H.4
  • 26
    • 0031657760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of reactive oxygen species and caspase 3 activation in arsenite-induced apoptosis
    • Chen Y, Lin-Shiau S, Lin J. Involvement of reactive oxygen species and caspase 3 activation in arsenite-induced apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 1998; 177: 324-333.
    • (1998) J. Cell Physiol. , vol.177 , pp. 324-333
    • Chen, Y.1    Lin-Shiau, S.2    Lin, J.3
  • 28
    • 0035852735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of oxyradicals by arsenic: Implication for mechanism of genotoxicity
    • Liu SX, Athar M, Lippai I, Waldren C, Hei TK. Induction of oxyradicals by arsenic: implication for mechanism of genotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2001; 98: 1643-1648.
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.98 , pp. 1643-1648
    • Liu, S.X.1    Athar, M.2    Lippai, I.3    Waldren, C.4    Hei, T.K.5
  • 29
    • 0030871995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione peroxidase and catalase modulate the genotoxicity of arsenite
    • Wang TS, Shu YS, Liu KY, Huang H. Glutathione peroxidase and catalase modulate the genotoxicity of arsenite. Toxicology 1997; 121: 229-237.
    • (1997) Toxicology , vol.121 , pp. 229-237
    • Wang, T.S.1    Shu, Y.S.2    Liu, K.Y.3    Huang, H.4
  • 30
    • 0034330993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered ligand binding and transcriptional regulation by mutations in the PML/RAR ligand-binding domain arising in retinoic-acid-resistant patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
    • Côté S, Zhou D, Bianchini A, Nervi C, Gallagher RE, Miller Jr WH. Altered ligand binding and transcriptional regulation by mutations in the PML/RAR ligand-binding domain arising in retinoic-acid-resistant patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 2000; 96: 3200-3208.
    • (2000) Blood , vol.96 , pp. 3200-3208
    • Côté, S.1    Zhou, D.2    Bianchini, A.3    Nervi, C.4    Gallagher, R.E.5    Miller W.H., Jr.6
  • 31
    • 0032529284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leukemic cellular retinoic acid resistance and missense mutations in the PML-RARa fusion gene after relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia from treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and intensive chemotherapy
    • Ding W, Li Y, Nobile LM, Grills G, Carrera I, Paietta E et al. Leukemic cellular retinoic acid resistance and missense mutations in the PML-RARa fusion gene after relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia from treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and intensive chemotherapy. Blood 1998; 92: 1172-1183.
    • (1998) Blood , vol.92 , pp. 1172-1183
    • Ding, W.1    Li, Y.2    Nobile, L.M.3    Grills, G.4    Carrera, I.5    Paietta, E.6
  • 32
    • 0030992905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A retinoid-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia subclone expresses a dominant negative PML-RARα mutation
    • Shao W, Benedetti L, Lamph WW, Nervi C, Miller Jr WH. A retinoid-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia subclone expresses a dominant negative PML-RARα mutation. Blood 1997; 89: 4282-4289.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 4282-4289
    • Shao, W.1    Benedetti, L.2    Lamph, W.W.3    Nervi, C.4    Miller W.H., Jr.5
  • 33
    • 0032528520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the E-domain of RARα portion of the PML/RARα chimeric gene may confer clinical resistance to all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia
    • Imaizumi M, Suzuki H, Yoshinari M, Sato A, Saito T, Sugawara A et al. Mutations in the E-domain of RARα portion of the PML/RARα chimeric gene may confer clinical resistance to all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 1998; 92: 374-382.
    • (1998) Blood , vol.92 , pp. 374-382
    • Imaizumi, M.1    Suzuki, H.2    Yoshinari, M.3    Sato, A.4    Saito, T.5    Sugawara, A.6
  • 34
    • 0038125071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparitive activity of melarsoprol and arsenic trioxide in chronic B-cell leukemia lines
    • Konig A, Wrazel L, Warrell Jr RP, Rivi R, Pandolfi PP, Jakubowski A et al. Comparitive activity of melarsoprol and arsenic trioxide in chronic B-cell leukemia lines. Blood 1997; 90: 562-570.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.90 , pp. 562-570
    • Konig, A.1    Wrazel, L.2    Warrell R.P., Jr.3    Rivi, R.4    Pandolfi, P.P.5    Jakubowski, A.6
  • 35
    • 0032170898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenic trioxide and melarsoprol induce programmed cell death in myeloid leukemia cell lines and function in a PML and PML-RARa independent manner
    • Wang Z, Rivi R, Delva L, Konig A, Scheinberg DA, Gambacorti-Passerini C et al. Arsenic trioxide and melarsoprol induce programmed cell death in myeloid leukemia cell lines and function in a PML and PML-RARa independent manner. Blood 1998; 92: 1497-1504.
    • (1998) Blood , vol.92 , pp. 1497-1504
    • Wang, Z.1    Rivi, R.2    Delva, L.3    Konig, A.4    Scheinberg, D.A.5    Gambacorti-Passerini, C.6
  • 36
    • 0032100453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined arsenic and retinoic acid treatment enhances differentiation and apoptosis in arsenic-resistant NB4 cells
    • Gianni M, Koken MHM, Chelbi-Alix MK, Benoit G, Lanotte M, Chen Z et al. Combined arsenic and retinoic acid treatment enhances differentiation and apoptosis in arsenic-resistant NB4 cells. Blood 1998; 91: 4300-4310.
    • (1998) Blood , vol.91 , pp. 4300-4310
    • Gianni, M.1    Koken, M.H.M.2    Chelbi-Alix, M.K.3    Benoit, G.4    Lanotte, M.5    Chen, Z.6
  • 37
    • 0032497586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting the PML/RARα translocation product triggers apoptosis in promyelocytic leukemia cells
    • Nason-Burchenal K, Takle G, Pace U, Flynn S, Allopenna J, Martin P et al. Targeting the PML/RARα translocation product triggers apoptosis in promyelocytic leukemia cells. Oncogene 1998; 17: 1759-1768.
    • (1998) Oncogene , vol.17 , pp. 1759-1768
    • Nason-Burchenal, K.1    Takle, G.2    Pace, U.3    Flynn, S.4    Allopenna, J.5    Martin, P.6
  • 39
    • 0032523245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PML/RARα fusion protein inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha - Induced apoptosis in U937 cells and acute promyelocytic leukemia blasts
    • Testa U, Grignani F, Samoggia P, Zanetti C, Riccioni R, Lo Coco F et al. The PML/RARα fusion protein inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha - induced apoptosis in U937 cells and acute promyelocytic leukemia blasts. J Clin Inv 1998; 101: 2278-2289.
    • (1998) J. Clin. Inv. , vol.101 , pp. 2278-2289
    • Testa, U.1    Grignani, F.2    Samoggia, P.3    Zanetti, C.4    Riccioni, R.5    Lo Coco, F.6
  • 40
    • 0035161286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined effect of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo
    • Jing Y, Wang L, Xia L, Chen GQ, Chen Z, Miller Jr WH et al. Combined effect of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo. Blood 2001; 97: 264-269.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.97 , pp. 264-269
    • Jing, Y.1    Wang, L.2    Xia, L.3    Chen, G.Q.4    Chen, Z.5    Miller W.H., Jr.6
  • 41
    • 0033526012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid and arsenic synergize to eradicate leukemic cells in a mouse model of acute promyelocytic leukemia
    • Lallemand-Breitenbach V, Guillemin MC, Janin A, Daniel MT, Degos L, Kogan SC et al. Retinoic acid and arsenic synergize to eradicate leukemic cells in a mouse model of acute promyelocytic leukemia. J Exp Med 1999; 189: 1043-1052.
    • (1999) J. Exp. Med. , vol.189 , pp. 1043-1052
    • Lallemand-Breitenbach, V.1    Guillemin, M.C.2    Janin, A.3    Daniel, M.T.4    Degos, L.5    Kogan, S.C.6
  • 42
    • 0027435476 scopus 로고
    • Expression of a rat glutathione-s-transferase complementary DNA in rat mammary carcinoma cells: Impact upon alkylator-induced toxicity
    • Schecter RL, Alaoui-Jamali MA, Woo A, Fahl WE, Batist G. Expression of a rat glutathione-s-transferase complementary DNA in rat mammary carcinoma cells: impact upon alkylator-induced toxicity. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 4900-4906.
    • (1993) Cancer Res. , vol.53 , pp. 4900-4906
    • Schecter, R.L.1    Alaoui-Jamali, M.A.2    Woo, A.3    Fahl, W.E.4    Batist, G.5
  • 43
    • 0026078965 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione depletion in human and rat multi-drug resistant breast cancer cell lines
    • Batist G, Schecter R, Woo A, Greene D, Lehnert S. Glutathione depletion in human and rat multi-drug resistant breast cancer cell lines. Biochem Pharma 1991; 41: 631-635.
    • (1991) Biochem. Pharma. , vol.41 , pp. 631-635
    • Batist, G.1    Schecter, R.2    Woo, A.3    Greene, D.4    Lehnert, S.5
  • 45
    • 0025060257 scopus 로고
    • Heat shock and arsenite increase expression of the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene in human renal carcinoma cells
    • Chin K-C, Tanaka S, Darlington G, Pastan I, Gottesman MM. Heat shock and arsenite increase expression of the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene in human renal carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 1990; 265: 221-226.
    • (1990) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.265 , pp. 221-226
    • Chin, K.-C.1    Tanaka, S.2    Darlington, G.3    Pastan, I.4    Gottesman, M.M.5
  • 46
    • 15844416284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinated induction of MRP/GS-X pump and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by heavy metals in human leukemia cells
    • Ishikawa T, Bao J-J, Yamane Y, Akimaru K, Frindrich K, Wright CD et al. Coordinated induction of MRP/GS-X pump and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by heavy metals in human leukemia cells. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 14981-14988.
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.271 , pp. 14981-14988
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Bao, J.-J.2    Yamane, Y.3    Akimaru, K.4    Frindrich, K.5    Wright, C.D.6
  • 47
    • 0028106016 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione-associated enzymes in anticancer drug resistance
    • Tew KD. Glutathione-associated enzymes in anticancer drug resistance. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 4313-4320.
    • (1994) Cancer Res. , vol.54 , pp. 4313-4320
    • Tew, K.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.