메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 138, Issue 7, 2003, Pages

Changing Use of Antibiotics in Community-Based Outpatient Practice, 1991-1999

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN; CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE; CLARITHROMYCIN; QUINOLONE DERIVATIVE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 0037387808     PISSN: 00034819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-138-7-200304010-00008     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (269)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0035929701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolones - United States, 1995-1999
    • PMID: 11785571
    • Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolones - United States, 1995-1999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001;50:800-4. [PMID: 11785571]
    • (2001) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.50 , pp. 800-804
  • 2
    • 0035904366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrolide resistance among invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates
    • PMID: 11597287
    • Hyde TB, Gay K, Stephens DS, Vugia DJ, Pass M, Johnson S, et al. Macrolide resistance among invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. JAMA. 2001;286:1857-62. [PMID: 11597287]
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 1857-1862
    • Hyde, T.B.1    Gay, K.2    Stephens, D.S.3    Vugia, D.J.4    Pass, M.5    Johnson, S.6
  • 3
    • 0033599264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens causing acute uncomplicated cystitis in women
    • PMID: 10052444
    • Gupta K, Scholes D, Stamm WE. Increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens causing acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. JAMA. 1999;281:736-8. [PMID: 10052444]
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.281 , pp. 736-738
    • Gupta, K.1    Scholes, D.2    Stamm, W.E.3
  • 4
    • 0028905207 scopus 로고
    • What will it take to stop physicians from prescribing antibiotics in acute bronchitis?
    • PMID: 7885119
    • Gonzales R, Sande M. What will it take to stop physicians from prescribing antibiotics in acute bronchitis? Lancet. 1995;345:665-6. [PMID: 7885119]
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.345 , pp. 665-666
    • Gonzales, R.1    Sande, M.2
  • 5
    • 0030031423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals. A challenge to hospital leadership
    • PMID: 8604178
    • Goldmann DA, Weinstein RA, Wenzel RP, Tablan OC, Duma RJ, Gaynes RP, et al. Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals. A challenge to hospital leadership. JAMA. 1996;275:234-40. [PMID: 8604178]
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 234-240
    • Goldmann, D.A.1    Weinstein, R.A.2    Wenzel, R.P.3    Tablan, O.C.4    Duma, R.J.5    Gaynes, R.P.6
  • 6
    • 0030053607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimizing the impact of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP). A strategy from the DRSP Working Group
    • PMID: 8604173
    • Jernigan DB, Cetron MS, Breiman RF. Minimizing the impact of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP). A strategy from the DRSP Working Group. JAMA. 1996;275:206-9. [PMID: 8604173]
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 206-209
    • Jernigan, D.B.1    Cetron, M.S.2    Breiman, R.F.3
  • 7
    • 0035884744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial drug use and resistance among respiratory pathogens in the community
    • PMID: 11524720
    • Low DE. Antimicrobial drug use and resistance among respiratory pathogens in the community. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33 Suppl 3:S206-13. [PMID: 11524720]
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.33 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Low, D.E.1
  • 8
    • 0037990199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of changes in the consumption of macrolide antibiotics on erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci in Finland
    • Finnish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance. [PMID: 9250845]
    • Seppälä H, Klaukka T, Vuopio-Varkila J, Muotiala A, Helenius H, Lager K, et al. The effect of changes in the consumption of macrolide antibiotics on erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci in Finland. Finnish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:441-6. [PMID: 9250845]
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 441-446
    • Seppälä, H.1    Klaukka, T.2    Vuopio-Varkila, J.3    Muotiala, A.4    Helenius, H.5    Lager, K.6
  • 9
    • 0033514493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between the volume of antimicrobial consumption in human communities and the frequency of resistance
    • PMID: 9927709
    • Austin DJ, Kristinsson KG, Anderson RM. The relationship between the volume of antimicrobial consumption in human communities and the frequency of resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999;96:1152-6. [PMID: 9927709]
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.96 , pp. 1152-1156
    • Austin, D.J.1    Kristinsson, K.G.2    Anderson, R.M.3
  • 10
    • 0034727835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antibiotic therapy on the density of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the stool of colonized patients
    • PMID: 11136263
    • Donskey CJ, Chowdhry TK, Hecker MT, Hoyen CK, Hanrahan JA, Hujer AM, et al. Effect of antibiotic therapy on the density of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the stool of colonized patients. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1925-32. [PMID: 11136263]
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 1925-1932
    • Donskey, C.J.1    Chowdhry, T.K.2    Hecker, M.T.3    Hoyen, C.K.4    Hanrahan, J.A.5    Hujer, A.M.6
  • 11
    • 0028816380 scopus 로고
    • Trends in antimicrobial drug prescribing among office-based physicians in the United States
    • PMID: 7807660
    • McCaig LF, Hughes JM. Trends in antimicrobial drug prescribing among office-based physicians in the United States. JAMA. 1995;273:214-9. [PMID: 7807660]
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 214-219
    • McCaig, L.F.1    Hughes, J.M.2
  • 12
    • 0035850401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic treatment of adults with sore throat by community primary care physicians: A national survey, 1989-1999
    • PMID: 11559262
    • Linder JA, Stafford RS. Antibiotic treatment of adults with sore throat by community primary care physicians: a national survey, 1989-1999. JAMA. 2001; 286:1181-6. [PMID: 11559262]
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 1181-1186
    • Linder, J.A.1    Stafford, R.S.2
  • 13
    • 0037074321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National patterns in the treatment of urinary tract infections in women by ambulatory care physicians
    • PMID: 11784218
    • Huang ES, Stafford RS. National patterns in the treatment of urinary tract infections in women by ambulatory care physicians. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162: 41-7. [PMID: 11784218]
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 41-47
    • Huang, E.S.1    Stafford, R.S.2
  • 14
    • 0035904367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of first-line vs second-line antibiotics for the treatment of acute uncomplicated sinusitis
    • PMID: 11597286
    • Piccirillo JF, Mager DE, Frisse ME, Brophy RH, Goggin A. Impact of first-line vs second-line antibiotics for the treatment of acute uncomplicated sinusitis. JAMA. 2001;286:1849-56. [PMID: 11597286]
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 1849-1856
    • Piccirillo, J.F.1    Mager, D.E.2    Frisse, M.E.3    Brophy, R.H.4    Goggin, A.5
  • 17
    • 0037433181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections in adult primary care
    • Steinman MA, Landefeld CS, Gonzales R. Predictors of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections in adult primary care. JAMA. 2003;289:719-25.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 719-725
    • Steinman, M.A.1    Landefeld, C.S.2    Gonzales, R.3
  • 20
    • 0034682609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural and economic factors that (mis)shape antibiotic use: The nonpharmacologic basis of therapeutics
    • PMID: 10896639
    • Avorn J, Solomon DH. Cultural and economic factors that (mis)shape antibiotic use: the nonpharmacologic basis of therapeutics. Ann Intern Med. 2000; 133:128-35. [PMID: 10896639]
    • (2000) Ann Intern Med , vol.133 , pp. 128-135
    • Avorn, J.1    Solomon, D.H.2
  • 21
    • 0035916943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults
    • PMID: 11255529
    • Snow V, Mottur-Pilson C, Cooper RJ, Hoffman JR. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134: 506-8. [PMID: 11255529]
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 506-508
    • Snow, V.1    Mottur-Pilson, C.2    Cooper, R.J.3    Hoffman, J.R.4
  • 22
    • 0035916946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of acute bronchitis in adults
    • PMID: 11255531
    • Snow V, Mottur-Pilson C, Gonzales R. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of acute bronchitis in adults. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:518-20. [PMID: 11255531]
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 518-520
    • Snow, V.1    Mottur-Pilson, C.2    Gonzales, R.3
  • 23
    • 0035916896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of nonspecific upper respiratory tract infections in adults
    • PMID: 11255525
    • Snow V, Mottur-Pilson C, Gonzales R. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of nonspecific upper respiratory tract infections in adults. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:487-9. [PMID: 11255525]
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 487-489
    • Snow, V.1    Mottur-Pilson, C.2    Gonzales, R.3
  • 24
    • 0035916945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute sinusitis in adults
    • PMID: 11255527
    • Snow V, Mottur-Pilson C, Hickner JM. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute sinusitis in adults. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:495-7. [PMID: 11255527]
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 495-497
    • Snow, V.1    Mottur-Pilson, C.2    Hickner, J.M.3
  • 25
    • 0034885679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence assessment of management of acute otitis media: I. The role of antibiotics in treatment of uncomplicated acute otitis media
    • PMID: 11483783
    • Takata GS, Chan LS, Shekelle P, Morton SC, Mason W, Marcy SM. Evidence assessment of management of acute otitis media: I. The role of antibiotics in treatment of uncomplicated acute otitis media. Pediatrics. 2001;108:239-47. [PMID: 11483783]
    • (2001) Pediatrics , vol.108 , pp. 239-247
    • Takata, G.S.1    Chan, L.S.2    Shekelle, P.3    Morton, S.C.4    Mason, W.5    Marcy, S.M.6
  • 31
    • 0029030482 scopus 로고
    • Beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations
    • PMID: 7791417
    • Sensakovic JW, Smith LG. Beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. Med Clin North Am. 1995;79:695-704. [PMID: 7791417]
    • (1995) Med Clin North Am , vol.79 , pp. 695-704
    • Sensakovic, J.W.1    Smith, L.G.2
  • 32
    • 0027155145 scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolones: How to use (but not overuse) these antibiotics
    • PMID: 8500773
    • Sable CA, Scheld WM. Fluoroquinolones: how to use (but not overuse) these antibiotics. Geriatrics. 1993;48:41-4, 49-51. [PMID: 8500773]
    • (1993) Geriatrics , vol.48 , pp. 41-44
    • Sable, C.A.1    Scheld, W.M.2
  • 33
    • 0033012813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cephalosporins
    • PMID: 10069359
    • Marshall WF, Blair JE. The cephalosporins. Mayo Clin Proc. 1999;74:187-95. [PMID: 10069359]
    • (1999) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.74 , pp. 187-195
    • Marshall, W.F.1    Blair, J.E.2
  • 34
    • 0033050175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The penicillins
    • PMID: 10090000
    • Wright AJ. The penicillins. Mayo Clin Proc. 1999;74:290-307. [PMID: 10090000]
    • (1999) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.74 , pp. 290-307
    • Wright, A.J.1
  • 35
    • 0033595136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolones in Canada
    • Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network. [PMID: 10413735]
    • Chen DK, McGeer A, de Azavedo JC, Low DE. Decreased susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolones in Canada. Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:233-9. [PMID: 10413735]
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 233-239
    • Chen, D.K.1    McGeer, A.2    De Azavedo, J.C.3    Low, D.E.4
  • 36
    • 0031001743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multivariate analysis of risk factors for infection due to penicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: A multicenter study
    • PMID: 9195057
    • Clavo-Sánchez AJ, Girón-González JA, López-Prieto D, Canueto-Quintero J, Sánchez-Porto A, Vergara-Campos A, et al. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for infection due to penicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: a multicenter study. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24:1052-9. [PMID: 9195057]
    • (1997) Clin Infect Dis , vol.24 , pp. 1052-1059
    • Clavo-Sánchez, A.J.1    Girón-González, J.A.2    López-Prieto, D.3    Canueto-Quintero, J.4    Sánchez-Porto, A.5    Vergara-Campos, A.6
  • 37
    • 0035884888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial use and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance with Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States
    • PMID: 11524718
    • Doern GV. Antimicrobial use and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance with Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33 Suppl 3:S187-92. [PMID: 11524718]
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.33 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Doern, G.V.1
  • 38
    • 0026760182 scopus 로고
    • The crisis in antibiotic resistance
    • PMID: 1509257
    • Neu HC. The crisis in antibiotic resistance. Science. 1992;257:1064-73. [PMID: 1509257]
    • (1992) Science , vol.257 , pp. 1064-1073
    • Neu, H.C.1
  • 40
    • 0034991646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens that cause community-acquired urinary tract infections in women: A nationwide analysis
    • PMID: 11389500
    • Gupta K, Sahm DF, Mayfield D, Stamm WE. Antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens that cause community-acquired urinary tract infections in women: a nationwide analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:89-94. [PMID: 11389500]
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.33 , pp. 89-94
    • Gupta, K.1    Sahm, D.F.2    Mayfield, D.3    Stamm, W.E.4
  • 41
    • 0035800029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing antimicrobial resistance and the management of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections
    • PMID: 11434731
    • Gupta K, Hooton TM, Stamm WE. Increasing antimicrobial resistance and the management of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections. Ann Intern Med. 2001;135:41-50. [PMID: 11434731]
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. 41-50
    • Gupta, K.1    Hooton, T.M.2    Stamm, W.E.3
  • 42
    • 0034458012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
    • Infectious Diseases Society of America. [PMID: 10987697]
    • Bartlett JG, Dowell SF, Mandell LA, File TM Jr, Musher DM, Fine MJ. Practice guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31:347-82. [PMID: 10987697]
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.31 , pp. 347-382
    • Bartlett, J.G.1    Dowell, S.F.2    Mandell, L.A.3    File Jr., T.M.4    Musher, D.M.5    Fine, M.J.6
  • 43
    • 0035183051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the comparative efficacy and safety of azithromycin against other antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections
    • PMID: 11679557
    • Ioannidis JP, Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Chew P, Lau J. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the comparative efficacy and safety of azithromycin against other antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001;48:677-89. [PMID: 11679557]
    • (2001) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.48 , pp. 677-689
    • Ioannidis, J.P.1    Contopoulos-Ioannidis, D.G.2    Chew, P.3    Lau, J.4
  • 44
    • 0034454270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiological and pharmacodynamic considerations in the treatment of infection due to antimicrobial-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • PMID: 10984325
    • Appelbaum PC. Microbiological and pharmacodynamic considerations in the treatment of infection due to antimicrobial-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31 Suppl 2:S29-34. [PMID: 10984325]
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.31 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Appelbaum, P.C.1
  • 45
    • 0032955872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute otitis media: Management and surveillance in an era of pneumococcal resistance - A report from the Drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Therapeutic Working Group
    • PMID: 9951971
    • Dowell SF, Butler JC, Giebink GS, Jacobs MR, Jernigan D, Musher DM, et al. Acute otitis media: management and surveillance in an era of pneumococcal resistance - a report from the Drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Therapeutic Working Group. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999;18:1-9. [PMID: 9951971]
    • (1999) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.18 , pp. 1-9
    • Dowell, S.F.1    Butler, J.C.2    Giebink, G.S.3    Jacobs, M.R.4    Jernigan, D.5    Musher, D.M.6
  • 46
    • 0034727809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States
    • PMID: 11136262
    • Whitney CG, Farley MM, Hadler J, Harrison LH, Lexau C, Reingold A, et al. Increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1917-24. [PMID: 11136262]
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 1917-1924
    • Whitney, C.G.1    Farley, M.M.2    Hadler, J.3    Harrison, L.H.4    Lexau, C.5    Reingold, A.6
  • 47
    • 0035345167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing "unnecessary" antibiotic use in primary care: Hard rules, soft calls
    • PMID: 11434077
    • Sargent J, Welch HG. Reducing "unnecessary" antibiotic use in primary care: hard rules, soft calls [Editorial]. Eff Clin Pract. 2001;4:136-8. [PMID: 11434077]
    • (2001) Eff Clin Pract , vol.4 , pp. 136-138
    • Sargent, J.1    Welch, H.G.2
  • 48
    • 0016591898 scopus 로고
    • Review of literature on the factors affecting drug prescribing
    • PMID: 1093256
    • Hemminki E. Review of literature on the factors affecting drug prescribing. Soc Sci Med. 1975;9:111-6. [PMID: 1093256]
    • (1975) Soc Sci Med , vol.9 , pp. 111-116
    • Hemminki, E.1
  • 49
    • 0035934617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily regimen and compliance with treatment
    • PMID: 11566816
    • Bloom BS. Daily regimen and compliance with treatment [Editorial]. BMJ. 2001;323:647. [PMID: 11566816]
    • (2001) BMJ , vol.323 , pp. 647
    • Bloom, B.S.1
  • 50
    • 0034622460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why are antibiotics prescribed for asymptomatic bacteriuria in institutionalized elderly people? A qualitative study of physicians' and nurses' perceptions
    • PMID: 10951723
    • Walker S, McGeer A, Simor AE, Armstrong-Evans M, Loeb M. Why are antibiotics prescribed for asymptomatic bacteriuria in institutionalized elderly people? A qualitative study of physicians' and nurses' perceptions. CMAJ. 2000; 163:273-7. [PMID: 10951723]
    • (2000) CMAJ , vol.163 , pp. 273-277
    • Walker, S.1    McGeer, A.2    Simor, A.E.3    Armstrong-Evans, M.4    Loeb, M.5
  • 51
    • 0032962168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between purulent manifestations and antibiotic treatment of upper respiratory tract infections
    • PMID: 10203620
    • Gonzales R, Barrett PH Jr, Steiner JF. The relation between purulent manifestations and antibiotic treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. J Gen Intern Med. 1999;14:151-6. [PMID: 10203620]
    • (1999) J Gen Intern Med , vol.14 , pp. 151-156
    • Gonzales, R.1    Barrett Jr., P.H.2    Steiner, J.F.3
  • 52
    • 0029944107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotics and respiratory infections: Are patients more satisfied when expectations are met?
    • PMID: 8691181
    • Hamm RM, Hicks RJ, Bemben DA. Antibiotics and respiratory infections: are patients more satisfied when expectations are met? J Fam Pract. 1996;43:56-62. [PMID: 8691181]
    • (1996) J Fam Pract , vol.43 , pp. 56-62
    • Hamm, R.M.1    Hicks, R.J.2    Bemben, D.A.3
  • 53
    • 0033549375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General practitioners' experiences of patients' complaints: Qualitative study
    • PMID: 10364121
    • Jain A, Ogden J. General practitioners' experiences of patients' complaints: qualitative study. BMJ. 1999;318:1596-9. [PMID: 10364121]
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.318 , pp. 1596-1599
    • Jain, A.1    Ogden, J.2
  • 54
    • 0020320465 scopus 로고
    • Scientific versus commercial sources of influence on the prescribing behavior of physicians
    • PMID: 7091173
    • Avorn J, Chen M, Hartley R. Scientific versus commercial sources of influence on the prescribing behavior of physicians. Am J Med. 1982;73:4-8. [PMID: 7091173]
    • (1982) Am J Med , vol.73 , pp. 4-8
    • Avorn, J.1    Chen, M.2    Hartley, R.3
  • 55
    • 0025312675 scopus 로고
    • Pharmaceutical representatives in academic medical centers: Interaction with faculty and housestaff
    • PMID: 2341925
    • Lurie N, Rich EC, Simpson DE, Meyer J, Schiedermayer DL, Goodman JL, et al. Pharmaceutical representatives in academic medical centers: interaction with faculty and housestaff. J Gen Intern Med. 1990;5:240-3. [PMID: 2341925]
    • (1990) J Gen Intern Med , vol.5 , pp. 240-243
    • Lurie, N.1    Rich, E.C.2    Simpson, D.E.3    Meyer, J.4    Schiedermayer, D.L.5    Goodman, J.L.6
  • 56
    • 0035344909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Of principles and pens: Attitudes and practices of medicine housestaff toward pharmaceutical industry promotions
    • PMID: 11347622
    • Steinman MA, Shlipak MG, McPhee SJ. Of principles and pens: attitudes and practices of medicine housestaff toward pharmaceutical industry promotions. Am J Med. 2001;110:551-7. [PMID: 11347622]
    • (2001) Am J Med , vol.110 , pp. 551-557
    • Steinman, M.A.1    Shlipak, M.G.2    McPhee, S.J.3
  • 57
    • 0034684955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry: Is a gift ever just a gift?
    • PMID: 10647801
    • Wazana A. Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry: is a gift ever just a gift? JAMA. 2000;283:373-80. [PMID: 10647801]
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 373-380
    • Wazana, A.1
  • 58
    • 0027972458 scopus 로고
    • Physicians' behavior and their interactions with drug companies. A controlled study of physicians who requested additions to a hospital drug formulary
    • PMID: 8309031
    • Chren MM, Landefeld CS. Physicians' behavior and their interactions with drug companies. A controlled study of physicians who requested additions to a hospital drug formulary. JAMA. 1994;271:684-9. [PMID: 8309031]
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.271 , pp. 684-689
    • Chren, M.M.1    Landefeld, C.S.2
  • 59
  • 60
    • 0034682156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uneasy alliance-clinical investigators and the pharmaceutical industry
    • PMID: 10816196
    • Bodenheimer T. Uneasy alliance-clinical investigators and the pharmaceutical industry. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1539-44. [PMID: 10816196]
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 1539-1544
    • Bodenheimer, T.1
  • 61
    • 0032735689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising and the public
    • PMID: 10571712
    • Bell RA, Kravitz RL, Wilkes MS. Direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising and the public. J Gen Intern Med. 1999;14:651-7. [PMID: 10571712]
    • (1999) J Gen Intern Med , vol.14 , pp. 651-657
    • Bell, R.A.1    Kravitz, R.L.2    Wilkes, M.S.3
  • 62
    • 0020598315 scopus 로고
    • Improving drug-therapy decisions through educational outreach. A randomized controlled trial of academically based "detailing"
    • PMID: 6406886
    • Avorn J, Soumerai SB. Improving drug-therapy decisions through educational outreach. A randomized controlled trial of academically based "detailing". N Engl J Med. 1983;308:1457-63. [PMID: 6406886]
    • (1983) N Engl J Med , vol.308 , pp. 1457-1463
    • Avorn, J.1    Soumerai, S.B.2
  • 63
    • 0024799387 scopus 로고
    • Improving drug prescribing in primary care: A critical analysis of the experimental literature
    • PMID: 2698446
    • Soumerai SB, McLaughlin TJ, Avorn J. Improving drug prescribing in primary care: a critical analysis of the experimental literature. Milbank Q. 1989; 67:268-317. [PMID: 2698446]
    • (1989) Milbank Q , vol.67 , pp. 268-317
    • Soumerai, S.B.1    McLaughlin, T.J.2    Avorn, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.