The effect of changes in the consumption of macrolide antibiotics on erythromycin resistance in group a streptococci in Finland

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 337, Issue 7, 1997, Pages 441-446

  Seppälä, Helena ^a   Klaukka, Timo ^b   Vuopio Varkila, Jaana ^a   Muotiala, Anna ^a   Helenius, Hans ^c   Lager, Katrina ^a   Huovinen, Pentti ^a  

^a NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^b SOCIAL INSURANCE INSTITUTION   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TURKU   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ERYTHROMYCIN;

ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; DRUG ISOLATION; DRUG SCREENING; FINLAND; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; SKIN INFECTION; STREPTOCOCCUS GROUP A; THROAT CULTURE;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL; DRUG UTILIZATION; ERYTHROMYCIN; FINLAND; HUMANS; PHARYNX; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES; SUPPURATION;

EID: 0037990199     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199708143370701     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Bronze MS, Dale JB. The reemergence of serious group A streptococcal infections and acute rheumatic fever. Am J Med Sci 1996;311:41-54.
2. Gerber MA. Antibiotic resistance in group A streptococci. Pediatr Clin North Am 1995;42:539-51.
3. Seppälä H, Nissinen A, Järvinen H, et al. Resistance to erythromycin in group A streptococci. N Engl J Med 1992;326:292-7.
4. Seppälä H, Klaukka T, Lehtonen R, Nenonen E, Finnish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance (FiRe), Huovinen P. Outpatient use of eryth-romycin: link to increased erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci. Clin Infect Dis 1995;21:1378-85.
5. Huovinen P, Klaukka T. Erytromysiinin käyttöä vähennettävä. Finn Med J 1991;46:3241.
6. Huovinen P. Milloin erytromysiiniä ja mitä sen sijaan. Finn Med J 1992; 47:13.
7. Finnish statistics on medicines 1995. Helsinki, Finland: National Agency for Medicines, Social Insurance Institution, 1996.
8. Muotiala A, Seppälä H, Huovinen P, Vuopio-Varkila J. Molecular comparison of group A streptococci of T1M1 serotype from invasive and non-invasive infections in Finland. J Infect Dis 1997;175:392-9.
9. Nissinen A, Seppälä H, Huovinen P, Finnish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance (FIRE). Detecting erythromycin resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes: reliability of the disk diffusion method and the breakpoint susceptibility method. Scand J Infect Dis 1995;27:52-6.
10. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Vol. 15. No. 16. Villanova, Pa.: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 1995:M100-S6.
11. Agresti A. Categorical data analysis. New York: John Wiley, 1990.
12. SAS/STAT user's guide, version 6. 4th ed. Cary, N.C.: SAS Institute, 1990.
13. Seppälä H, Nissinen A, Yu Q, Huovinen P. Three different phenotypes of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes in Finland. J Antimicrob Chemother 1993;32:885-91.
14. Maruyama S, Yoshioka H, Fujita K, Takimoto M, Satake Y. Sensitivity of group A streptococci to antibiotics: prevalence of resistance to erythromycin in Iapan. Am J Dis Child 1979;133:1143-5.
15. Mölstad S, Eliasson I, Hovelius B, Kamme C, Schalen C. Beta-lactamase production in the upper respiratory tract flora in relation to antibiotic consumption: a study in children attending day nurseries. Scand J Infect Dis 1988;20:329-34.
16. Baquero F, Martínez-Beltrán J, Loza E. A review of antibiotic resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Europe. J Antimicrob Chemother 1991;28:Suppl C:31-8.
17. Arason VA, Kristinsson KG, Sigurdsson JA, Stefansdottir G, Mölstad S, Gudmundsson S. Do antimicrobials increase the carriage rate of penicillin resistant pneumococci in children? Cross sectional prevalence study. BMJ 1996;313:387-91.
18. Mitsuhashi S, Inoue M, Saito K, Nakae M. Drug resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated in Japan. In: Schlessinger D, ed. Microbiology - 1982. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology, 1982:151-4.
19. Bass JW, Weisse ME, Plymyer MR, Murphy S, Eberly BJ. Decline of erythromycin resistance of group A β-hemolytic streptococci in Japan: comparison with worldwide reports. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994;148: 67-71.
20. Fujita K, Murono K, Yoshikawa M, Murai T. Decline of erythromycin resistance of group A streptococci in Japan. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1994;13: 1075-8.
21. Lepper MH, Dowling HF, Jackson GG, Moulton B, Spies HW. Effect of antibiotic usage in the hospital on the incidence of antibiotic-resistant strains among personnel carrying staphylococci. J Lab Clin Med 1953;42:832.
22. Ridley M, Lynn R, Barrie D, Stead KC. Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and hospital antibiotic policies. Lancet 1970;1:230-3.
23. McGowan JE Jr. Antimicrobial resistance in hospital organisms and its relation to antibiotic use. Rev Infect Dis 1983;5:1033-48.
24. Finnish statistics on medicines 1994. Helsinki, Finland: National Agency for Medicines, Social Insurance Institution, 1995.
25. Cohen ML. Epidemiology of drug resistance: implications for a post-antimicrobial era. Science 1992;257:1050-5.
26. Tenover FC, McGowan JE. Reasons for the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Am J Med Sci 1996;311:9-16.
27. Gold HS, Moellering RC Jr. Antimicrobial-drug resistance. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1445-53.