Serum cholesterol, precursors and metabolites and cognitive performance in an aging population

Neurobiology of Aging

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 147-155

  Teunissen, C E ^a,c   De Vente, J ^a   Von Bergmann, K ^b   Bosma, H ^a   Van Boxtel, M P J ^a   De Bruijn, C ^a   Jolles, J ^a   Steinbusch, H W M ^a   Lutjohann D ^b  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

^c VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

24S hydroxycholesterol; 27 Hydroxycholesterol; Campesterol; Cholesterol; Cholesterol homeostasis; Cognitive performance; Lanosterol; Lathosterol; Normal aging population; Sitosterol; Verbal memory

Indexed keywords

26 HYDROXYCHOLESTEROL; CAMPESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL DERIVATIVE; DESMOSTEROL; LANOSTEROL; LATHOSTEROL; SITOSTEROL; STEROL;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; EDUCATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GENDER; HUMAN; LEARNING; MALE; MEMORY; METABOLITE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRECURSOR; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; BIOTRANSFORMATION; BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHOLESTEROL; COGNITION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; HYDROXYCHOLESTEROLS; LANOSTEROL; MALE; MEMORY; MIDDLE AGED; PHYTOSTEROLS; PROTEIN PRECURSORS; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; REACTION TIME; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SITOSTEROLS;

EID: 0037213345     PISSN: 01974580     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00061-1     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Albandar J.M., Goldstein H. Multi-level statistical models in studies of periodontal diseases. J. Periodontol. 63:1992;690-695.
2. Anstey K., Christensen H. Education, activity, health, blood pressure and apolipoprotein E as predictors of cognitive change in old age: a review. Gerontology. 46:2000;163-177.
3. Beal M.F., Brouillet E., Jenkins B.G., Ferrante R.J., Kowall N.W., Miller J.M.et al. Neurochemical and histologic characterization of striatal excitotoxic lesions produced by the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid. J. Neurosci. 13:1993;4181-4192.
4. Björkhem I., Diczfalusy U., Lütjohann D. Removal of cholesterol from extrahepatic sources by oxidative mechanisms. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 10:1999;161-165.
5. Björkhem I., Lütjohann D., Diczfalusy U., Stahle L., Ahlborg G., Wahren J. Cholesterol homeostasis in human brain: turnover of 24S-hydroxycholesterol and evidence for a cerebral origin of most of this oxysterol in the circulation. J. Lipid Res. 39:1998;1594-1600.
6. Bonarek M., Barberger-Gateau P., Letenneur L., Deschamps V., Iron A., Dubroca B.et al. Relationships between cholesterol, apolipoprotein E polymorphism and dementia: a cross-sectional analysis from the PAQUID study. Neuroepidemiology. 19:2000;141-148.
7. Brand N., Jolles J. Learning and retrieval rate of words presented auditorily and visually. J. Gen. Psychol. 112:1985;201-210.
8. Bretillon L., Lütjohann D., Stahle L., Widhe T., Bindl L., Eggertsen G.et al. Plasma levels of 24S-hydroxycholesterol reflect the balance between cerebral production and hepatic metabolism and are inversely related to body surface. J. Lipid Res. 41:2000;840-845.
9. Dietschy J.M., Turley S.D. Cholesterol metabolism in the brain. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 12:2001;105-112.
10. Fassbender K., Simons M., Bergmann C., Stroick M., Lutjohann D., Keller P.et al. Simvastatin strongly reduces levels of Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid peptides Abeta 42 and Abeta 40 in vitro and in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 10:2001;10.
11. Goldstein H. Multi-level Statistical Models. London: Edward Arnold, 1995.
12. Goldstein H. Tutorial in biostatistics-longitudinal data analysis (repeated measures) in clinical trials by P.-S. Albert. Stat. Med. 18:1999;1707-1732 Goldstein H. Tutorial in biostatistics-longitudinal data analysis (repeated measures) in clinical trials by P.-S. Albert. Stat. Med. 19:2000;1821.
13. Grundy S.M. George Lyman Duff Memorial Lecture. Multifactorial etiology of hypercholesterolemia. Implications for prevention of coronary heart disease. Arterioscler. Thromb. 11:1991;1619-1635.
14. Jick H., Zornberg G.L., Jick S.S., Seshadri S., Drachman D.A. Statins and the risk of dementia. Lancet. 356:2000;1627-1631.
15. Jolles J, Houx PJ, van Boxtel MPJ, Ponds RWHM. The Maastricht Aging Study. Determinants of Cognitive Aging. Maastricht: Neuropsych Publishers, 1995.
16. Jurevics H., Morell P. Cholesterol for synthesis of myelin is made locally, not imported into brain. J. Neurochem. 64:1995;895-901.
17. Kakio A., Nishimoto Si S., Yanagisawa K., Matsuzaki K. Cholesterol-dependent formation of GM1 ganglioside-bound amyloid beta-protein, an endogenous seed for Alzheimer amyloid. J. Biol. Chem. 7:2001;7.
18. Kivipelto M., Helkala E.L., Hanninen T., Laakso M.P., Hallikainen M., Alhainen K.et al. Midlife vascular risk factors and late-life mild cognitive impairment: a population-based study. Neurology. 56:2001;1683-1689.
19. Kojro E., Gimpl G., Lammich S., Marz W., Fahrenholz F. From the cover: low cholesterol stimulates the nonamyloidogenic pathway by its effect on the alpha-secretase ADAM 10. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:2001;5815-5820.
20. Lesser G., Kandiah K., Libow L.S., Likourezos A., Breuer B., Marin D.et al. Elevated serum total and LDL cholesterol in very old patients with Alzheimer's disease. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 12:2001;138-145.
21. Lütjohann D., Breuer O., Ahlborg G., Nennesmo I., Siden A., Diczfalusy U.et al. Cholesterol homeostasis in human brain: evidence for an age-dependent flux of 24S-hydroxycholesterol from the brain into the circulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93:1996;9799-9804.
22. Lütjohann D., Papassotiropoulos A., Bjorkhem I., Locatelli S., Bagli M., Oehring R.D.et al. Plasma 24S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) is increased in Alzheimer and vascular demented patients. J. Lipid Res. 41:2000;195-198.
23. Mahley R.W., Huang Y. Apolipoprotein E: from atherosclerosis to Alzheimer's disease and beyond. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 10:1999;207-217.
24. Meaney S., Hassan M., Sakinis A., Lütjohann D., von Bergmann K., Wennmalm A.et al. Studies on the formation and flux of oxysterols in vivo with stable isotopes. Evidence that the three major oxysterols in human circulation originate from functionally distinct pools of cholesterol. J. Lipid Res. 42:2001;70-78.
25. Merched A., Xia Y., Visvikis S., Serot J.M., Siest G. Decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum apolipoprotein AI concentrations are highly correlated with the severity of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging. 21:2000;27-30.
26. Miettinen T.A., Tilvis R.S., Kesaniemi Y.A. Serum plant sterols and cholesterol precursors reflect cholesterol absorption and synthesis in volunteers of a randomly selected male population. Am. J. Epidemiol. 131:1990;20-31.
27. Muldoon M.F., Barger S.D., Ryan C.M., Flory J.D., Lehoczky J.P., Matthews K.A.et al. Effects of lovastatin on cognitive function and psychological well-being. Am. J. Med. 108:2000;538-546.
28. Papassotiropoulos A., Lütjohann D., Bagli M., Locatelli S., Jessen F., Rao M.L.et al. Plasma 24S-hydroxycholesterol: a peripheral indicator of neuronal degeneration and potential state marker for Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport. 11:2000;1959-1962.
29. Refolo L.M., Pappolla M.A., Malester B., LaFrancois J., Bryant-Thomas T., Wang R.et al. Hypercholesterolemia accelerates the Alzheimer's amyloid pathology in a transgenic mouse model. Neurobiol. Dis. 7:2000;321-331.
30. Siest G., Bertrand P., Qin B., Herbeth B., Serot J.M., Masana L.et al. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and serum concentration in Alzheimer's disease in nine European centers: the ApoEurope study. ApoEurope group. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 38:2000;721-730.
31. Simons M., Keller P., De Strooper B., Beyreuther K., Dotti C.G., Simons K. Cholesterol depletion inhibits the generation of beta-amyloid in hippocampal neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:1998;6460-6464.
32. Slooter A.J., van Duijn C.M., Bots M.L., Ott A., Breteler M.B., De Voecht J.et al. Apolipoprotein E genotype, atherosclerosis, and cognitive decline: the Rotterdam Study. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 53:1998;17-29.
33. Smith A. The Symbol Digit Modalities Test: a neuropsychological test for economic screening of learning an other cerebral disorders. Learning Disorders. 36:1968;83-91.
34. Smith G.E., Petersen R.C., Parisi J.E. Definition, course, and outcome of mild cognitive impairment. Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn. 3:1996;141-147.
35. Staehelin H.B., Perrig-Chiello P., Mitrache C., Miserez A.R., Perrig W.J. Apolipoprotein E genotypes and cognitive functions in healthy elderly persons. Acta Neurol. Scand. 100:1999;53-60.
36. Strittmatter W.J., Saunders A.M., Schmechel D., Pericak-Vance M., Enghild J., Salvesen G.S.et al. Apolipoprotein E: high-avidity binding to beta-amyloid and increased frequency of type 4 allele in late-onset familial Alzheimer disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:1993;1977-1981.
37. Teunissen C.E., Mulder M., de Vente J., von Bergmann K., De Bruijn C., Steinbusch H.W.M.et al. Concentrations of different sterols in the striatum and serum of 3-nitropropionic acid treated Wistar and Lewis rats. Neurochem. Res. 26:2001;1237-1244.
38. Tietz NW. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1983.
39. van Boxtel M.P., Gaillard C., Houx P.J., Buntinx F., de Leeuw P.W., Jolles J. Is nondipping in 24 h ambulatory blood pressure related to cognitive dysfunction? J. Hypertens. 16:1998;1425-1432.
40. Wardle J., Rogers P., Judd P., Taylor M.A., Rapoport L., Green M.et al. Randomized trial of the effects of cholesterol-lowering dietary treatment on psychological function. Am. J. Med. 108:2000;547-553.
41. Wolozin B., Kellman W., Ruosseau P., Celesia G.G., Siegel G. Decreased prevalence of Alzheimer disease associated with 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. Arch. Neurol. 57:2000;1439-1443.