Diet quality and major chronic disease risk in men and women: Moving toward improved dietary guidance

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 76, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 1261-1271

  McCullough, Marjorie L ^a   Feskanich, Diane ^c   Stampfer, Meir J ^b,c   Giovannucci, Edward L ^b,c   Rimm, Eric B ^b,c   Hu, Frank B ^b   Spiegelman, Donna ^b   Hunter, David J ^b,c   Colditz, Graham A ^b,c   Willett, Walter C ^b,c  

^a AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY   (United States)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Chronic disease; Diet; Diet patterns; Disease prevention; Healthy Eating Index; Men; Nutrition; Recommended Food Score; Women

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALTERNATE HEALTHY EATING INDEX; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHRONIC DISEASE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DEATH; DIET; DIETARY INTAKE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PREDICTION; QUESTIONNAIRE; RECOMMENDED FOOD SCORE; RISK FACTOR; SCORING SYSTEM; SEX DIFFERENCE;

EID: 0036894449     PISSN: 00029165     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/76.6.1261     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chronic Diseases and Their Risk Factors: The Nation's Leading Causes of Death. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1999.
2. National Research Council. Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1989.
3. World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective. Washington, DC: American Institute for Cancer Research, 1997.
4. Willett WC, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid: A cultural model for healthy eating. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(suppl):1402S-6S.
5. Willett WC. Diet and health: What should we eat? Science 1994;264:532-7.
6. US Department of Agriculture. The Food Guide Pyramid. Hyattsville, MD: Human Nutrition Information Service, 1992. (Publication HG252.)
7. US Department of Health and Human Services, US Department of Agriculture. Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 4th Ed. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1995.
8. Byers T, Nestle M, McTiernan A, et al. American Cancer Society guidelines on nutrition and physical activity for cancer prevention: Reducing the risk of cancer with healthy food choices and physical activity. CA Cancer J Clin 2002;52:92-119.
9. Krauss RM, Deckelbaum RJ, Ernst N, et al. Dietary guidelines for healthy American adults. A statement for health professionals from the Nutrition Committee, American Heart Association. Circulation 1996;94:1795-1800.
10. Kant AK, Schatzkin A, Graubard BI, Schairer C. A prospective study of diet quality and mortality in women. JAMA 2000;283:2109-15.
11. McCullough M, Feskanich D, Stampfer M, et al. Adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and risk of major chronic disease in women. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:1214-22.
12. McCullough M, Feskanich D, Rimm E, et al. Adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and risk of major chornic disease in men. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:1223-31.
13. Kennedy E, Meyers L, Layden W. The 1995 Dietary Guidelines for Americans: An overview. J Am Diet Assoc 1996;96:234-7.
14. Kennedy ET, Ohls J, Carlson S, Fleming K. The Healthy Eating Index: Design and applications. J Am Diet Assoc 1995;95:1103-8.
15. Shekelle RB, Shryock AM, Paul O, et al. Diet, serum cholesterol, and death from coronary heart disease: The Western Electric Study. N Engl J Med 1981;304:65-70.
16. Verschuren WM, Jacobs DR, Bloemberg BP, et al. Serum total cholesterol and long-term coronary heart disease mortality in different cultures. Twenty-five-year follow-up of the Seven Countries Study. JAMA 1995;274:131-6.
17. Willett WC. Nutritional Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
18. Ross R. Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26.
19. Ulbricht TLV, Southgate DAT. Coronary heart disease: Seven dietary factors. Lancet 1991;338:985-92.
20. Willett WC, Trichopoulos D. Nutrition and cancer: A summary of the evidence. Cancer Causes Control 1996;7:178-80.
21. Kushi LH, Lenart EB, Willett WC. Health implications of Mediterranean diets in light of contemporary knowledge. 1. Plant foods and dairy products. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(suppl):1407S-15S.
22. Kushi LH, Lenart EB, Willett WC. Health implications of Mediterranean diets in light of contemporary knowledge. 2. Meat, wine, fats and oils. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(suppl):1416S-27S.
23. Renaud S, de Lorgeril M. Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary disease. Lancet 1992;339:1523-6.
24. de Lorgeril M, Renaud S, Mamelle N, et al. Mediterranean alphalinolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet 1994;343:1454-9.
25. Rimm EB, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Litin LB, Willett WC. Reproducibility and validity of an expanded selfadministered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire among male health professionals. Am J Epidemiol 1992;135:1114-26.
26. Adams CF. Nutritive value of American foods. Agriculture Handbook no. 456, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1975.
27. Consumer and Food Economic Institute. Composition of foods. Agriculture Handbook no. 8. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1989.
28. Willett WC, Sampson L, Stampfer MJ, et al. Reproducibility and validity of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Am J Epidemiol 1985;122:51-65.
29. Feskanich D, Rimm EB, Giovannucci EL, et al. Reproducibility and validity of food intake measurements from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. J Am Diet Assoc 1993;93:790-6.
30. Giovannucci E, Colditz G, Stampfer MJ, et al. The assessment of alcohol consumption by a simple self-administered questionnaire. Am J Epidemiol 1991;133:810-7.
31. Salvini S, Hunter DJ, Sampson L, et al. Food-based validation of a dietary questionnaire: The effects of week-to-week variation in food consumption. Int J Epidemiol 1989;18:858-67.
32. Michaud DS, Giovannucci EL, Ascherio A, et al. Associations of plasma carotenoid concentrations and dietary intake of specific carotenoids in samples of two prospective cohort studies using a new carotenoid database. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998;7:283-90.
33. Appel LJ, Moore TJ, Obarzanek E, et al. A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1117-24.
34. Gramenzi A, Gentile A, Fasoli M, Negri E, Parazzini F, La Vecchia C. Association between certain foods and risk of acute myocardial infarction in women. BMJ 1990;300:771-3.
35. Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit and cancer. I. Epidemiology. Cancer Causes Control 1991;2:325-57.
36. Acheson RM, Williams DRR. Does consumption of fruit and vegetables protect against stroke? Lancet 1983;1:1191-3.
37. Nube M, Kok FJ, Vandenbroucke JP, van der Heide-Wessel C, van der Heide RM. Scoring of prudent dietary habits and its relation to 25-year survival. J Am Diet Assoc 1987;87:171-5.
38. Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Taylor RH, et al. Glycemic index of foods: A physiological basis for carbohydrate exchange. Am J Clin Nutr 1981;34:362-6.
39. Key TJ, Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Burr ML. Dietary habits and mortality in 11,000 vegetarians and health conscious people: Results of a 17-year follow-up. BMJ 1996;313:775-9.
40. Hu F, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. Frequent nut consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in women: Prospective cohort study. BMJ 1998;317:1341-5.
41. Fraser GE, Sabate J, Beeson WL, Strahan TM. A possible protective effect of nut consumption on risk of coronary heart disease. The Adventist Health Study. Arch Intern Med 1992;152:1416-24.
42. Clinton SK, Giovannucci E. Diet, nutrition, and prostate cancer. Annu Rev Nutr 1998;18:413-40.
43. Kromhout D, Bosscheiter EB, de Lezenne Coulander C. The inverse relation between fish consumption and 20-year mortality from coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1985;312:1205-9.
44. Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci E, Willett WC. Dietary intake of marine n-3 fatty acids, fish intake and the risk of coronary disease among men. N Engl J Med 1995;332:977-82.
45. Hostmark AT, Bjerkedal T, Kierulf P, Flaten H, Ulshagen K. Fish oil and plasma fibrinogen. BMJ 1988;297:180-1.
46. Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA, van't Veer P, et al. A prospective cohort study on the relation between meat consumption and the risk of colon cancer. Cancer Res 1994;54:718-23.
47. Giovannucci E, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Ascherio A, Willett WC. Intake of fat, meat, and fiber in relation to risk of colon cancer in men. Cancer Res 1994;54:2390-7.
48. Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Rosner BA, Speizer FE. Relation of meat, fat, and fiber intake to the risk of colon cancer in a prospective study among women. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1664-72.
49. Potter JD, Slattery ML, Bostick RM, Gapstur SM. Colon cancer: A review of the epidemiology. Epidemiol Rev 1993;15:499-545.
50. Rimm EB, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC. Vegetable, fruit, and cereal fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. JAMA 1996;275:447-51.
51. Jacobs DR, Meyer KA, Kushi LH, Folsom AR. Whole grain intake may reduce risk of coronary heart disease death in postmenopausal women: The Iowa Women's Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:248-57.
52. Morris JN, Marr JW, Clayton DG. Diet and heart: A postscript. Br Med J 1977;2:1307-14.
53. Ascherio A, Rimm E, Hernan M, et al. Intake of potassium, magnesium, calcium, and fiber and risk of stroke among U.S. men. Circulation 1998;98:1198-1204.
54. Fuchs CS, Giovannucci E, Colditz G, et al. Dietary fiber and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma in women. N Engl J Med 1999;340:169-76.
55. Alberts DS, Martinez ME, Rose DJ, et al. Lack of effect of a high-fiber cereal supplement on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1149-55.
56. Mensink RPM, Katan MB. Effect of dietary trans fatty acids on high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in healthy subjects. N Engl J Med 1990;323:439-45.
57. Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. Intake of trans fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease among women. Lancet 1993;341:581-5.
58. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1491-9.
59. Sacks F. Dietary fats and coronary heart disease. Overview. J Cardiovasc Risk 1994;1:3-8.
60. Stampfer MJ, Malinow MR, Willett WC, et al. A prospective study of plasma homocyste(e)ine and risk of myocardial infarction in US physicians. JAMA 1992;268:877-81.
61. Rimm EB, Willett WC, Hu FB, et al. Folate and vitamin B-6 from diet and supplements in relation to risk of coronary heart disease among women. JAMA 1998;279:359-64.
62. Giovannucci E, Stampfer M, Colditz GA, et al. Multivitamin use, folate, and colon cancer in women in the Nurses' Health Study. Ann Intern Med 1998;129:517-24.
63. Renaud SC, Beswick AD, Fehily AM, Sharp DS, Elwood PC. Alcohol and platelet aggregation: The Caerphilly Prospective Heart Disease Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;55:1012-7.
64. Klatsky AL, Armstrong MA, Friedman GD. Risk of cardiovascular mortality in alcohol drinkers, ex-drinkers, and nondrinkers. Am J Cardiol 1990;66:1237-42.
65. Rimm EB, Giovannucci EL, Willett WC, et al. A prospective study of alcohol consumption and the risk of coronary disease in men. Lancet 1991;338:464-8.
66. Huijbregts P, Feskens EJ, Kromhout D. Dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly men: The Zutphen Elderly Study. Int J Epidemiol 1995;24:313-20.
67. Longnecker MP, Tseng M. Alcohol and cancer. In: Heber D, Blackburn GL, Vay Liang WG, eds. Nutritional Oncology. San Diego: Academic Press, 1999:277-98.
68. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Folate, methionine, and alcohol intake and risk of colorectal adenoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:875-84.
69. Rose GA, Blackburn H. Cardiovascular Survey Methods. WHO Monograph Series No. 58. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1982.
70. Walker AE, Robins M, Weinfeld FD. The National Survey of Stroke. Clinical findings. Stroke 1981;12:113-44.
71. Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Speizer FE, et al. Test of the National Death Index. Am J Epidemiol 1984;119:837-9.
72. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Rimm E, et al. Dietary fat and coronary heart disease: A comparison of approaches for adjusting for total energy intake and modeling repeated dietary measurements. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:531-40.
73. Cupples LA, D'Agostino RB, Anderson K, Kannel WB. Comparison of baseline and repeated measure covariate techniques in the Framingham Heart Study. Stat Med 1988;7:205-22.
74. D'Agostino RB, Lee MLT, Belanger AJ, Cupples LA, Anderson K, Kannel WB. Relation of pooled logistic regression to time dependent Cox regression analysis: The Framingham Heart Study. Stat Med 1990;9:1501-15.
75. Huijbregts P, Feskens E, Rasanen L, et al. Dietary pattern and 20 year mortality in elderly men in Finland, Italy, and the Netherlands: Longitudinal cohort study. BMJ 1997;315:13-7.
76. Cerhan JR, Potter JD, Gilmore JME, et al. Adherence to AICR cancer prevention guidelines and subsequent morbidity and mortality in the Iowa Women's Health Study cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001;10:158 (abstr).
77. Ames BN, Gold LS, Willett WC. The causes and prevention of cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995;92:5258-65.
78. Sugimura T. Carcinogenicity of mutagenic heterocyclic amines formed during the cooking process. Mutation Res 1985;150:33-41.
79. Giovannucci E, Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Intake of carotenoids and retinol in relation to risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1767-76.
80. Michaud DS, Spiegelman D, Clinton SK, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL. Fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of bladder cancer in a male prospective cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999;91:605-13.
81. Giovannucci E, Rimm EB, Colditz GA, et al. A prospective study of dietary fat and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:1571-9.
82. Giovannucci E, Rimm EB, Wolk A, et al. Calcium and fructose intake in relation to risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Res 1998;58:442-7.
83. Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. Cohort study of diet, lifestyle, and prostate cancer in Adventist men. Cancer 1989;64:598-604.
84. Le Marchand L, Kolonel LN, Wilkens LR, Myers BC, Hirohata T. Animal fat consumption and prostate cancer: A prospective study in Hawaii. Epidemiology 1994;5:276-82.
85. US Department of Health and Human Services, US Department of Agriculture. Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 2000.