Mutational analysis of residues in two consensus motifs in the active sites of cathepsin E1

Journal of Biochemistry

Volumn 132, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 493-499

  Liu, Jian ^a   Tsukuba, Takayuki ^a   Okamoto, Kuniaki ^a   Ohishi, Masamichi ^a   Yamamoto, Kenji ^a  

^a KYUSHU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Active site motif; Aspartic proteinase; Cathepsin E; Characterization of mutants; Correct folding

Indexed keywords

ASPARTIC PROTEINASE; CATHEPSIN E; COMPLEMENTARY DNA; MUTANT PROTEIN; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; PRIMER DNA;

ARTICLE; CATALYSIS; EMBRYO; ENZYME ACTIVE SITE; ENZYME ASSAY; ENZYME KINETICS; ENZYME SUBSTRATE COMPLEX; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; KIDNEY CELL; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN FOLDING; PROTEIN PURIFICATION; RAT; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL; BINDING SITE; CELL LINE; CHEMISTRY; CIRCULAR DICHROISM; GENETICS; KINETICS; METABOLISM; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS;

ASCARIS;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; BASE SEQUENCE; BINDING SITES; CATALYSIS; CATHEPSIN E; CELL LINE; CIRCULAR DICHROISM; DNA PRIMERS; HUMANS; KINETICS; MUTAGENESIS, SITE-DIRECTED; RATS; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS;

EID: 0036737865     PISSN: 0021924X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003247     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Blundell, T.L., Cooper, J.B., Sali, A., and Zhu, Z. (1991) Comparison of the sequences, 3-D structures and mechanisms of pepsin-like and retroviral aspartic proteinases in Structure and Function of the Aspartic Proteinases (Dunn, B.M., ed.) pp. 443- 453, Plenum Press, New York
2. Rawlings, N.D. and Barrett A.J. (1995) Families of aspartic peptidases, and those of unknown catalytic mechanism in Methods in Enzymology (Barrett, A.J., ed.) Vol. 248, pp. 105-120. Academic Press, New York
3. Yamamoto, K. (1999) Cathepsin E and cathepsin D in Proteases: New Perspectives (Turk, V., ed.) pp. 59-71. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel
4. Yamamoto, K., Katsuda N., and Kato, K. (1978) Affinity purification and properties of cathepsin-E-like acid proteinase from rat spleen. Eur. J. Biochem. 92, 499-508.
5. Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, H., Takeda, M., and Kato, Y. (1988) An aspartic proteinase of erythrocyte membranes. Proposed mechanism for activation and further molecular properties. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 369, 315-322
6. Takeda, M., Ueno, E., Kato, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1986) Isolation, catalytic and imminochemical properties of cathepsin D-like acid proteinase from rat erythrocytes. J. Biochem. 100, 1269-1277
7. Tsukuba T., Hori, H., Azuma, T., Takahashi, T., Taggart, R.T., Akamine, A., Ezaki, M., Nakanishi, H., Sakai, H., and Yamamoto, K. (1993) Isolation and characterization of recombinant human cathepsin E expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 7276-7282
8. Okamoto, K., Yu, H., Misumi, Y., Ikehara, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1995) Isolation and sequencing of two cDNA clones encoding rat spleen cathepsin E and analysis of the activation of purified procathepsin E. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 322, 103-111
9. Muto, N., Yamamoto, N., Tani, S., and Yonezawa, S (1988) Characteristic distribution of cathepsin E which immunologically cross-reacts with the 86-kDa acid proteinase from gastric mucosa. J. Biochem. 103, 627-632
10. Sakai, H., Saku, T., Kato, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1989) Quantitation and immunohistochemical localization of cathepsins E and D in rat tissues and blood cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 991, 367-375
11. Saku, T., Sakai, H., Shibata, Y., Kato, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1991) An immunocytochemical study on distinct intracellular localization of cathepsin E and cathepsin D in human gastric cells and various rat cells. J. Biochem. 110, 956-964
12. Ichimaru, E., Sakai, H., Saku, T., Kunimatsu, K., Kato, Y., Kato, I., and Yamamoto, K. (1990) Characterization of hemoglobin-hydrolyzing acidic proteinases in human and rat neutrophils. J. Biochem. 108, 1009-1015
13. Sastradipura, D.F., Nakanishi, H., Tsukuba, T., Nishishita, K., Sakai, H., Kato, Y., Gotow, T., Uchiyama, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1998) Identification of cellular compartments involved in processing of cathepsin E in primary cultures of rat microglia. J. Neurochem. 70, 2045-2056
14. Nakanishi, H., Amano, T., Sastradipura, D.F., Yoshimine, Y., Tsukuba, T., Tanabe, K., Hirotsu, I., Ohono, T., and Yamamoto, K. (1997) Increased expression of cathepsins E and D in neurons of the aged rat brain and their colocalization with lipofuscin and carboxy-terminal fragments of Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein. J. Neurochem. 68, 739-749
15. Kageyama, T., Ichinose, M., Tsukada, S., Miki, K., Kurokawa, K., Koiwai O., Tanji, M., Yakabe, E., Athauda S.B., and Takahashi, K. (1992) Gastric procathepsin E and progastricsin from guinea pig. Purification, molecular cloning of cDNAs, characterization of enzymatic properties, with special reference to procathepsin E. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 16450-16459
16. Tsukuba, T., Sakai, H., Yamada, M., Maeda, H., Hori, H., Azuma, T., Akamine, A., and Yamamoto, K. (1996) Biochemical properties of the monomeric mutant of human cathepsin E expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Comparison with dimeric forms of cathepsin E. J. Biochem. 119, 126-134
17. Tatnell, P.J., Roth, W., Deussing, J., Peters, C., and Kay, J. (1998) Mouse procathepsin E gene: molecular organization and chromosomal localization. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1398, 57-66
18. Kageyama, T. (1993) Rabbit procathepsin E and cathepsin E. Nucleotide sequence of cDNA, hydrolytic specificity for biologically active peptides and gene expression during development. Eur. J. Biochem. 216, 717-728
19. Vassar, R., Bennett, B.D., Babu-Khan, S., Kahn, S., Mendiaz, E.A., Denis, P., Teplow, D.B., Ross, S., Amarante, P., Loeloff, R., Luo, Y., Fisher, S., Fuller, J., Edenson, S., Lile, J., Jarosinski, M.A., Biere, A.L., Curran, E., Burgess, T., Louis, J.C., Collins, F., Treanor, J., Rogers, G., and Citron, M. (1999) Beta-secretase cleavage of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein by the transmembrane aspartic protease BACE. Science. 286, 735-741
20. Sinha, S., Anderson, J.P., Barbour, R., Basi, G.S., Caccavello, R., Davis, D., Doan, M., Dovey, H.F., Frigon, N., Hong, J., Jacobson-Croak, K., Jewett, N., Keim, P., Knops, J., Lieberburg, I., Power, M., Tan, H., Tatsuno, G., Tung, J., Schenk, D., Seubert, P., Suomensaari, S.M., Wang, S., Walker, D., John, V., et al. (1999) Purification and cloning of amyloid precursor protein betasecretase from human brain. Nature 402, 537-540
21. Yan, R., Bienkowski, M.J., Shuck, M.E., Miao, H., Tory, M.C., Pauley, A.M., Brashier, J.R., Stratman, N.C., Mathews, W.R. Buhl, A.E., Carter, D.B., Tomasselli, A.G., Parodi, L.A., Heinrikson, R.L., and Gurney, M.E. (1999) Membrane-anchored aspartyl protease with Alzheimer's disease beta-secretase activity Nature 402, 533-537
22. Lin, X., Koelsch, G., Wu, S., Downs, D., Dashti, A., and Tang, J. (2000) Human aspartic protease memapsin 2 cleaves the beta- secretase site of beta-amyloid precursor protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 1456-1460
23. Grüninger-Leitch, F., Schlatter, D., Kung, E., Nelbock, P., and Dobeli, H. (2002) Substrate and inhibitor profile of BACE (b-secretase) and comparison with other mammalian aspartic proteases. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 4687-4693
24. Yamamoto, K., Takada, M., Yamamoto, H., Tatsumi, M., and Kato, Y. (1985) Human erythrocyte membrane acid proteinase (EMAP): sidedness and relation to cathepsin D. J. Biochem. 97, 821-830
25. Tominaga, K., Nakanishi, H., Yasuda, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1998) Excitotoxin-induced neuronal death is associated with response of a unique intracellular aspartic proteinase, cathepsin E. J. Neurochem. 71, 2574-2584
26. Yasuda, Y., Kageyama, T., Akamine, A., Shibata, M., Kominami, E., Uchiyama, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1999) Characterization of new fluorogenic substrates for the rapid and sensitive assay of cathepsin E and cathepsin D. J. Biochem. 125, 1137-1143
27. Kunkel, T.A. (1985) Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 488-492
28. Tsukuba, T. and Bond, J.S. (1998) Role of the COOH-terminal domains of meprin A in folding, secretion, and activity of the metalloendopeptidase. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 35260-35267
29. Yasuda, Y., Ikeda, S., Sakai, H., Tsukuba, T., Okamoto, K., Nishishita, K., Akamine, A., Kato, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (1999) Role of N-glycosylation in cathepsin E. A comparative study of cathepsin E with distinct N-linked oligosaccharides and its nonglycosylated mutant. Eur. J. Biochem. 266, 383-391
30. Towbin, H., Steshelin, T., and Gordon, J. (1979) Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 4350-4354
31. Chang, C.T., Wu, C.-S.C., and Yang, J.T. (1978) Circular dichroic analysis of protein conformation: inclusion of the β-turns. Anal. Biochem. 91, 12-31
32. Takeda-Ezaki, M., and Yamamoto, K. (1993) Isolation and biochemical characterization of procathepsin E from human erythrocyte membranes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 304, 352-358
33. Hayano, T., Sogawa, K., Ichihara, Y., Fujii-Kuriyama, Y., and Takahashi, K. (1988) Primary structure of human pepsinogen C gene. J. Biol. Chem. 263, 1382-1385
34. Kageyama, T. and Takahashi, K. (1986) The complete amino acid sequence of monkey pepsinogen A. J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4395-4405
35. Faust, P.L., Kornfeld, S., and Chirgwin, J.M. (1985) Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for human cathepsin D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 4910-4914
36. Hong, L., Koelsch, G., Lin, X., Wu, S., Terzyan, S., Ghosh, A.K., Zhang, X.C., and Tang, J. (2000) Structure of the protease domain of memapsin 2 (beta-secretase) complexed with inhibitor. Science 290, 150-153