Auto-oxidized cholesterol sulfates are antagonistic ligands of liver X receptors: Implications for the development and treatment of atherosclerosis

Steroids

Volumn 66, Issue 6, 2001, Pages 473-479

  Song, Ching ^a   Hiipakka, Richard A ^a   Liao, Shutsung ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Cholestenoic acid; Cholesterol; Liver X receptor; Oxysterol; Steroid sulfate

Indexed keywords

5ALPHA,6ALPHA EPOXYCHOLESTEROL 3 SULFATE; 7 KETOCHOLESTEROL 3 SULFATE; 7 OXOCHOLESTEROL; ABC TRANSPORTER; CELL NUCLEUS RECEPTOR; CHIMERIC PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL 5ALPHA,6ALPHA OXIDE; CHOLESTEROL 7ALPHA MONOOXYGENASE; CHOLESTEROL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL SULFATE; COACTIVATOR PROTEIN; LIGAND; LIVER X RECEPTOR; PROTEIN GRIP 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; AUTOOXIDATION; CELL CULTURE; CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM; CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG ANTAGONISM; GENE ACTIVATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; LIGAND BINDING; LIVER; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REPORTER GENE; TRANSACTIVATION;

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; CHOLESTEROL ESTERS; GENES, REPORTER; HUMANS; LIGANDS; LIVER; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; RECEPTORS, CYTOPLASMIC AND NUCLEAR; TRANS-ACTIVATION (GENETICS);

EID: 0035372651     PISSN: 0039128X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0039-128X(00)00239-7     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Low density lipoprotein oxidation and its pathobiological significance
2. Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARgamma
3. PPARgamma promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation and uptake of oxidized LDL
4. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands inhibit development of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice
5. The Tangier disease gene product ABC1 controls the cellular apolipoprotein-mediated lipid removal pathway
6. The gene encoding ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 is mutated in Tangier disease
7. Mutations in ABC1 in Tangier disease and familial high-density lipoprotein deficiency
8. Tangier disease is caused by mutations in the gene encoding ATP-binding cassette transporter 1
9. High density lipoprotein deficiency and foam cell accumulation in mice with targeted disruption of ATP-binding cassette transporter-1
10. Functional loss of ABCA1 in mice causes severe placental malformation, aberrant lipid distribution, and kidney glomerulonephritis as well as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol deficiency
11. A novel orphan receptor specific for a subset of thyroid hormone- responsive elements and its interaction with the retinoid/thyroid hormone receptor subfamily
12. LXR, a nuclear receptor that defines a distinct retinoid response pathway
13. Ubiquitous receptor; a receptor that modulates gene activation by retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptors
14. NER, a new member of the gene family encoding the human steroid hormone nuclear receptor
15. Isolation of proteins that interact specifically with the retinoid X receptor; two novel orphan receptors
16. OR-1, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that interacts with the 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor
17. Activation of the nuclear receptor LXR by oxysterols defines a new hormone response pathway
18. Sterol upregulation of human CETP expression in vitro and in transgenic mice by an LXR element
19. Sterol-dependent transactivation of the ABC1 promoter by the liver X Receptor/Retinoid X receptor
20. Human white/murine ABC8 mRNA levels are highly induced in lipid-loaded macrophages. A transcriptional role for specific oxysterols
21. An oxysterol signalling pathway mediated by the nuclear receptor LXR alpha
22. The orphan nuclear receptor LXRalpha is positively and negatively regulated by distinct products of mevalonate metabolism
23. Structural requirements of ligands for the oxysterol liver X receptors LXRalpha and LXRbeta
24. Cholestenoic acid is a naturally occurring ligand for liver X receptor alpha
25. Selective activation of liver X receptor alpha by 6α-hydroxy bile acids and analogs
26. The preparation of estradiol-17 beta sulfates with triethylamine-sulfur trioxide
27. Single vertical spin density gradient ultra centrifugation
28. A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye interaction
29. Transport of side-chain oxidized oxysterols in the human circulation
30. Assay of unesterified cholesterol-5,6-epoxide in human serum by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Levels in the healthy state and in hyperlipoproteinemia
31. Determination of cholesterol oxidation products in human plasma by isotope dilution-mass spectrometry
32. 7-Hydroperoxycholesterol and its products in oxidized low density lipoprotein and human atherosclerotic plaque
33. Free and esterified oxysterol; formation during copper-oxidation of low density lipoprotein and uptake by macrophages
34. Regulation of absorption and ABC1-mediated efflux of cholesterol by RXR heterodimers
35. Sterol efflux is impaired from macrophage foam cells selectively enriched with 7-ketocholesterol
36. Oxysterols and atherosclerosis
37. Higher levels of plasma cholesterol sulfate in patients with liver cirrhosis and hypercholesterolemia
38. Membrane structural alterations in murine stratum corneum; relationship to the localization of polar lipids and phospholipases
39. Formation of a carcinogen in human skin irradiated with ultraviolet light
40. Mutations in the bile acid biosynthetic enzyme sterol 27-hydroxylase underlie cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis
41. The SREBP pathway; regulation of cholesterol metabolism by proteolysis of a membrane-bound transcription factor