Predicting St. Louis encephalitis virus epidemics: Lessons from recent, and not so recent, outbreaks

Annual Review of Entomology

Volumn 46, Issue , 2001, Pages 111-138

  Day, J F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Arboviruses; Disease transmission; Epidemic prediction; Mosquitoes

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; EPIDEMIC; EPIDEMIC ENCEPHALITIS; FORECASTING; HUMAN; PREDICTION AND FORECASTING; REVIEW; ST LOUIS FLAVIVIRUS; TIME; UNITED STATES;

ANIMALS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS; ENCEPHALITIS, ST. LOUIS; FLORIDA; FORECASTING; HUMANS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; TIME FACTORS;

ANIMALIA; ARBOVIRUS; FLAVIVIRUS; ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS;

EID: 0035049789     PISSN: 00664170     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.46.1.111     Document Type: Review

References (121)

1. The 1964 outbreak of St. Louis encephalitis in the Delaware Valley. 1. Description of outbreak
2. Isolation of West Nile virus from mosquitoes, crows, and a Cooper's hawk in Connecticut
3. Multiple isolations of eastern equine encephalitis and Highlands J viruses from mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) during a 1996 epizootic in southeastern Connecticut
4. The West Nile virus outbreak of 1999 in New York: The flushing hospital experience
5. The isolation of St. Louis encephalitis virus from overwintering Culex pipiens mosquitoes
6. The distribution of Culex p. pipiens and C. p. quinquefasciatus in North America
7. Genetics of mosquito vector competence
8. Differential feeding of Culex tarsalis on nestling and adult birds
9. An epidemic of St. Louis encephalitis in Cameron County, Texas, in 1957
10. Effect of environmental temperature on the susceptibility of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) to Rift Valley fever virus
11. Relevance of detection of immunoglobulin M antibody response in birds used for arbovirus surveillance
12. The geographic pathology of St. Louis encephalitis
13. Outbreak of West Nile-like viral encephalitis - New York, 1999
14. Update: West Nile-like viral encephalitis - New York, 1999
15. Update: West Nile-like viral encephalitis - New York, 1999
16. Guidelines for surveillance, prevention, and control of West Nile virus infection - United States
17. Effects of 'closed' houses on the Aedes aegypti eradication programme in Trinidad
18. History of St. Louis encephalitis
19. Identification of genetic variation among St. Louis encephalitis virus isolates, using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis
20. Use of base excision sequence scanning for detection of genetic variations in St. Louis encephalitis virus isolates
21. Antibody response of sandhill and whooping cranes to an eastern equine encephalitis virus vaccine
22. Development of a species-diagnostic polymerase chain reaction assay for the identification of Culex vectors of St. Louis encephalitis virus based on interspecies sequence variation in ribosomal DNA spacers
23. Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in relation to the avian community of a coastal cedar swamp
24. Rainfall and epizootic Rift Valley fever
25. The use of sentinel chickens for arbovirus surveillance in Florida
26. A review of the 1990 St. Louis encephalitis virus epidemic in Indian River County, Florida
27. Epidemic proportions
28. The importance of autumn rainfall and sentinel flock location to understanding the epidemiology of St. Louis encephalitis virus in Indian River County, Florida
29. Influence of rainfall on Culex nigripalpus (Diptera: Culicidae) blood-feeding behavior in Indian River County, Florida
30. Annual emergence patterns of Culex nigripalpus females before, during and after a widespread St. Louis encephalitis epidemic in South Florida
31. When it rains they soar - And that makes Culex nigripalpus a dangerous mosquito
32. Blood feeding and oviposition by Culex nigripalpus (Diptera: Culicidae) before, during, and after a widespread St. Louis encephalitis virus epidemic in Florida
33. Rainfall-directed oviposition behavior of Culex nigripalpus (Diptera: Culicidae) and its influence on St. Louis encephalitis virus transmission in Indian River County, Florida
34. An integrated approach to St. Louis encephalitis surveillance in Indian River County, Florida
35. Eastern equine encephalitis transmission to emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) in Volusia County, Florida: 1992 through 1994
36. Transmission patterns of St. Louis encephalitis and eastern equine encephalitis viruses in Florida: 1978-1993
37. St. Louis encephalitis virus transmission to emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) in Palm Beach County, Florida with evidence of western equine encephalitis virus antibody transport to Florida by emus infected in other states
38. Avian serology in a St. Louis encephalitis epicenter before, during, and after a widespread epidemic in South Florida, USA
39. Frequency of St. Louis encephalitis virus in humans from Florida, USA: 1990-1999
40. Distribution of St. Louis encephalitis viral antibody in sentinel chickens main-mined in Sarasota County, Florida: 1978-1988
41. Equine herds as sentinels for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus activity, Nicaragua 1977
42. The call-count survey: Historic development and current procedures
43. Apparent influence of the stage of blood meal digestion on the efficacy of ground applied ULV aerosols for the control of urban Culex mosquitoes. II. Laboratory evidence
44. Emergency mosquito vector control by the city of Winnipeg
45. Effectiveness of the emergency mosquito vector control operations
46. Predicting active pulmonary tuberculosis using an artificial neural network
47. Japanese encephalitis in south Arcot District, Tamil Nadu, India: A three-year longitudinal study of vector abundance and infection frequency
48. Monitoring Japanese encephalitis virus activity using domestic sentinel pigs in Mandya District, Karnataka state (India)
49. Serologic evidence for widespread infection with La Crosse and St. Louis encephalitis viruses in the Indiana human population
50. Role of peridomestic birds in the transmission of St. Louis encephalitis virus in southern California
51. Mosquito control activities at the Reedy Creek Improvement District during the 1990 SLE outbreak in central Florida
52. Predicting malaria seasons in Kenya using multi-temporal meteorological satellite sensor data
53. Age-grading adult insects: A review of techniques
54. House sparrow, Passer domesticus (L), as hosts of arboviruses in Hale County, Texas. I. Field studies, 1965-1969
55. The epidemiology of St. Louis encephalitis in Dallas, Texas, 1966
56. West Nile fever - A reemerging mosquito-borne viral disease in Europe
57. The effect of environmental temperature upon the transmission of St. Louis encephalitis virus by Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus
58. Studies on the North American arthropod-borne encephalitides. III. Eastern equine encephalitis in wild birds
59. Interactive effects of 1-octen-3-ol and carbon dioxide on mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) surveillance and control
60. Genotypic and phenotypic variation of selected St. Louis encephalitis viral strains isolated in California
61. Phylogeny of the genus Flavivirus
62. Origin of the West Nile virus responsible for an outbreak of encephalitis in the northeastern United States
63. Control of an outbreak of mosquito-borne encephalitis along the Colorado River in 1983
64. St. Louis encephalitis in Memphis-Shelby County, Tennessee, 1975. Epidemiologic aspects of human cases
65. Climate and satellite indicators to forecast Rift Valley fever in Kenya
66. Prediction of Rift Valley fever activity in Kenya by satellite remote sensing imagery
67. Towards real-time prediction of Rift Valley fever epidemics in Africa
68. Application of polar-orbiting, meteorological satellite data to detect flooding of Rift Valley fever virus vector mosquito habitats in Kenya
69. St. Louis encephalitis
70. Vertebrate hosts
71. Experimental infection of wading birds with eastern equine encephalitis virus
72. Avian hosts of St. Louis encephalitis virus in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, 1991
73. The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) as a sentinel for St. Louis encephalitis virus
74. Antibody prevalence of St. Louis encephalitis virus in avian hosts in Los Angeles, California, 1986
75. An increasing public concern
76. Comparative vector competence of Culex tarsalis and Culex quinquefasciatus from the Coachella, Imperial, and San Joaquin Valleys of California for St. Louis encephalitis virus
77. St. Louis encephalitis: Lessons from the last decade
78. Apparent influence of the stage of blood meal digestion on the efficacy of ground applied ULV aerosols for the control of urban Culex mosquitoes. III. Results of a computer simulation
79. St. Louis encephalitis - Florida 1977, patterns of a widespread outbreak
80. The year of the chicken: The good and bad of a sentinel chicken flock during the 1990 Florida SLE epidemic
81. Efficacy of eastern equine encephalitis immunization in whooping cranes
82. Epidemiology and aerial spray control of arthropod-borne viral encephalitis in Texas
83. The use of satellite imagery to create dynamic risk maps for tick-borne encephalitis
84. Prevalence of antibodies to western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis viruses in residents of California exposed to sporadic and consistent enzootic transmission
85. Prevalence of antibodies to mosquito-borne encephalitis viruses in residents of the Coachella Valley, California
86. Seasonal variation in the vector competence of Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Coachella Valley of California for western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis viruses
87. Mosquito and arbovirus ecology in southeastern California, 1986-1990
88. Landscape ecology of arboviruses in southeastern California: Temporal and spatial patterns of enzootic activity in Imperial Valley, 1991-1994
89. Population dynamics of adult Culex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) along the Kern River, Kern County, California, in 1990
90. Apparent influence of the stage of blood meal digestion on the efficacy of ground applied ULV aerosols for the control of urban Culex mosquitoes. I. Field evidence
91. Evaluation of the CDC gravid trap for the surveillance of St. Louis encephalitis vectors in Memphis, Tennessee
92. Predicting the distribution of tsetse flies in West Africa using temporal Fourier processed meteorological satellite data
93. Vectorborne diseases, models and global change
94. Entomologic and avian investigations of an epidemic of West Nile fever in Romania in 1996, with serologic and molecular characterization of a virus isolate from mosquitoes
95. Entomologic investigations of an epidemic of St. Louis encephalitis in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, 1991
96. Effects of disease on vertebrates ability behaviorally to repel host-seeking mosquitoes
97. The 1990 Florida epidemic of St. Louis encephalitis: Virus infection rates in Culex nigripalpus
98. An educational campaign for mosquito control in Lexington, MA
99. Correlation between human cases and antibody prevalence in house sparrows during a focal outbreak of St. Louis encephalitis in Mississippi, 1979
100. Environmental control of ovarian diapause in Culex pipiens
101. Studies on autogeny in natural populations of Culex pipiens. III. Midsummer preparation for hibernation in an autogenous population
102. Pathology of fatal West Nile virus infections in native and exotic birds during the 1999 outbreak in New York City, New York
103. Genetic heterogeneity among Saint Louis encephalitis virus isolates of different geographic origin
104. Epidemiological aspects of a St. Louis encephalitis outbreak in Harris County, Texas, 1986
105. St. Louis encephalitis
106. Entomologic studies after a St. Louis encephalitis epidemic in Grand Junction, Colorado
107. The economic burden imposed by a residual case of eastern encephalitis
108. The 1961 outbreak of St. Louis encephalitis in Pinellas, Manatee, and Sarasota Counties
109. Effect of temperature on the vector efficiency of Aedes aegypti for dengue 2 virus
110. Molecular epidemiological studies of veterinary arboviral encephalitides
111. The epidemiology of St. Louis encephalitis in Corpus Christi, Texas, 1966