Eastern equine encephalitis transmission to emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) in Volusia County, Florida: 1992 through 1994

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association

Volumn 12, Issue 3 PART 1, 1996, Pages 429-436

  Day, Jonathan F ^a   Stark, Lillian M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^b Florida Dept Hlth R   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; BIRD; BIRD DISEASE; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; FEMALE; MALE; MOSQUITO; PHYSIOLOGY; UNITED STATES; VACCINATION; VIROLOGY;

ANIMALS; BIRD DISEASES; BIRDS; CULICIDAE; ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, EQUINE; FEMALE; FLORIDA; MALE; VACCINATION;

EID: 0030236832     PISSN: 8756971X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (16)

1. Ayers, J. R., T. L. Lester and A. B. Angulo. 1994. An epizootic attributable to western equine encephalitis virus infection in emus in Texas. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 205:600-601.
2. Beaty, B. J., C. H. Calisher and R. E. Shope. 1989. Arboviruses, pp. 797-855. In: N. J. Schmidt and R. W. Emmons (eds.). Diagnostic procedures for viral, rickettsial and chlamydial infections. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
3. Bond, J. O., F. Y. Lewis, W. L. Jennings and I. E. MacLeod. 1965. Transovarian transmission of hemagglutination-inhibition antibody to St. Louis encephalitis virus in chickens. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 14:1085-1089.
4. Brown, T. P., W. Roberts and R. K. Page. 1993. Acute hemorrhagic enterocolitis in ratites: isolation of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus and reproduction of the disease in ostriches and turkey poults. Avian Dis. 37:602-605.
5. Day, J. F. and D. B. Carlson. 1985. The importance of autumn rainfall and sentinel flock location to understanding the epidemiology of St. Louis encephalitis virus in Indian River County, Florida. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 1:305-309.
6. Day, J. F. and G. A. Curtis. 1994. When it rains, they soar - and that makes Culex nigripalpus a dangerous mosquito. Am. Entomol. 40:162-167.
7. Day, J. F., L. M. Stark, J.-t. Zhang, A. M. Ramsey and T. W. Scott. 1996. Antibodies to arthropod-borne encephalitis viruses in small mammals from southern Florida. J. Wildlife Dis. 32:431-436.
8. Gibbs, E. P. J., J. H. Wilson and B. P. All. 1988. Studies on passive immunity and the vaccination of foals against eastern equine encephalitis in Florida, pp. 201-205. In: D. G. Powell (ed.). Equine infectious diseases V: proceedings of the Fifth International Conference. Univ. Press of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
9. Preston, R. 1994. The hot zone. Random House, New York, NY.
10. Reeves, W. C., J. M. Sturgeon, E. M. French and B. Brookman. 1954. Transovarian transmission of neutralizing substance to western equine and St. Louis encephalitis viruses by avian hosts. J. Infect. Dis. 95:168-178.
11. Sokal, R. R. and F. J. Rohlf. 1981. Biometry. W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, CA.
12. Sooter, C. A., M. Schaeffer, R. Gorrie and T. V. Cockburn. 1954. Transovarian passage of antibodies following naturally acquired encephalitis infection in birds. J. Infect. Dis. 95:165-167.
13. Tully, T. N., S. M. Shane, R. P. Poston, J. J. England, C. C. Vice, D.-y. Cho and B. Panigrahy. 1992. Eastern equine encephalitis in a flock of emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) Avian Dis. 36:808-812.
14. Veazey, R. S., C. C. Vice, D.-y. Cho, T. N. Tully, Jr. and S. M. Shane. 1994. Pathology of eastern equine encephalitis in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae). Vet. Pathol. 31:109-111.
15. Weaver, S. C., T. W. Scott and R. Rico-Hesse. 1991. Molecular evolution of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in North America. Virology 182:774-784.
16. Wellings, F. M., A. L. Lewis and L. V. Pierce. 1972. Agents encountered during arboviral ecological studies: Tampa Bay area, Florida, 1963-1970. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 21:201-213.