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Volumn , Issue 14, 2001, Pages 2605-2621

Fast initiation of peptide and protein folding processes

Author keywords

Amino acids; Helical structures; Kinetics; Photochemistry; Protein folding

Indexed keywords

PEPTIDE; PROTEIN;

EID: 0034940711     PISSN: 1434193X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200107)2001:14<2605::aid-ejoc2605>3.0.co;2-u     Document Type: Short Survey
Times cited : (41)

References (171)
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    • 2O absorption in the amide I region.
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    • (Eds.: S. L. Friess, E. S. Lewis, A. Weissberger), Interscience, New York
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    • In Φ-value analysis, the effect of single-site mutations on the free energy of the transition state of a folding reaction is quantified by comparing the effect of the mutation on the folding kinetics with its effect on the equilibrium free energy difference between folded and unfolded state. The Φ-value thus determined allows conclusions on structural changes occurring in the transition state: A. R. Fersht, A. Matouschek, L. Serrano, J. Mol. Biol. 1992, 224, 771-782.
    • (1992) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.224 , pp. 771-782
    • Fersht, A.R.1    Matouschek, A.2    Serrano, L.3
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    • note
    • Apomyoglobin denotes myoglobin without the heme cofactor.
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    • Results for α-helix folding after fast dilution of denaturants indicating helix nucleation on the millisecond timescale have recently been reported, thus raising doubts about the conclusion of sub-microsecond nucleation from temperature-jump experiments: D. T. Clarke, A. J. Doig, B. J. Stapley, G. R. Jones, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1999, 96, 7232-7237.
    • (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.96 , pp. 7232-7237
    • Clarke, D.T.1    Doig, A.J.2    Stapley, B.J.3    Jones, G.R.4
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    • The anisotropy r(t) at time t is defined as r(t) = A∥(t)-A⊥(t)/ A∥(t)+2A⊥(t) where A∥(t) and A⊥(t) denote the transient absorbance at time t measured with parallel and perpendicular polarisation of pump and probe light, respectively.
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    • 2O signal are not known with sufficient accuracy.
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    • (Eds.: G. Berthier, M. J. S. Dewar, H. Fischer, K. Fukui, G. G. Hall, H. Hartmann, H. H. Jaffe, J. Jortner, W. Kutzelnigg, K. Ruedenberg, J. Tomasi), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
    • A. Plonka in Time Dependent Reactivity of Species in Condensed Media (Eds.: G. Berthier, M. J. S. Dewar, H. Fischer, K. Fukui, G. G. Hall, H. Hartmann, H. H. Jaffe, J. Jortner, W. Kutzelnigg, K. Ruedenberg, J. Tomasi), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988, p. 151.
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    • -1.
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    • note
    • [78]). In these experiments, the triplet state of a chromophore at one peptide end is quenched upon contact formation with a chromophore attached to the opposite end of a flexible peptide. This probe of contact formation dynamics is strongly analogous to the radical recombination upon contact formation investigated here. In contrast to the observed extremely nonexponential radical recombination, however, exponential triplet decays (on the nanosecond timescale) were found in all cases. These different results can be explained by the different initial peptide conformations encountered in the two sets of experiments. In the triplet transfer experiments, the variety of peptide conformations at the moment of excitation corresponds to the equilibrium distribution, and contact formation is achieved by equilibrium fluctuations with a time-independent probability. In the radical recombination experiments, on the other hand, immediately after disulfide bond photolysis, all peptides are in conformations with small end-to-end distances: i.e., the distribution is far from equilibrium. Relaxation towards equilibrium results in a fast increase of the mean end-to-end distance and so the probability of contact formation decreases with time, as discussed in the text. For the triplet transfer experiments, moreover, peptides without internal structure were used, avoiding any internal peptide process apart from polypeptide chain diffusion. For the peptides used in the disulfide photolysis study, in contrast, additional processes such as α-helix nucleation and growth are expected to contribute to the internal peptide dynamics on longer timescales.
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    • note
    • Other methods will need to be developed for incorporation of the cross-linker into larger proteins.
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    • note
    • The stability of peptide 5 during repeated photolysis was checked by absorbance spectroscopy and HPLC and no indications for sample degradation were observed even after extensive measurements. In particular, no cross-linking between different peptides (nongeminate recombination) occurred under the conditions employed.
  • 164
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    • note
    • Recombination of thiyl radical pairs could be prevented by the addition of external radical quenchers in sufficient concentration. However, such an approach results in irreversible bond dissociation, precluding multiple excitation and thus ruling out the extensive data averaging needed for most of the currently available detection techniques.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.