Common themes in mechanisms of gene silencing

Molecular Cell

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 489-498

  Moazed, Danesh ^a  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BINDING PROTEIN; DNA BINDING PROTEIN; DNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE; DNA FRAGMENT; HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1; HISTONE BINDING PROTEIN; HISTONE H3; HISTONE H4; POLYCOMB PROTEIN; PROTEIN; PROTEIN CDC14; PROTEIN CIR3; PROTEIN CIR4; PROTEIN CIR6; PROTEIN HP1BETA; PROTEIN NET1; PROTEIN SIR3; PROTEIN SIR4; PROTEIN SUV39H1; PROTEIN SWI6; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN 2; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACETYLATION; CHROMATIN; CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE; DNA SEQUENCE; DROSOPHILA; EUKARYOTE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE SILENCING; HETEROCHROMATIN; METAZOON; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN ASSEMBLY; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; YEAST;

EID: 0034791301     PISSN: 10972765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00340-9     Document Type: Review

References (111)

1. Functional mammalian homologues of the Drosophila PEV-modifier Su(var)3-9 encode centromere-associated proteins which complex with the heterochromatin component M31
2. Position effect variegation at fission yeast centromeres
3. Mutations derepressing silent centromeric domains in fission yeast disrupt chromosome segregation
4. Relationship between methylation and acetylation of arginine-rich histones in cycling and arrested HeLa cells
5. Overcoming telomeric silencing: A trans-activator competes to establish gene expression in a cell cycle-dependent way
6. Modifiers of position effect are shared between telomeric and silent mating-type loci in S. cerevisiae
7. Selective recognition of methylated lysine 9 on histone H3 by the HP1 chromo domain
8. The molecular structure of centromeres and telomeres
9. Components of the Ku-dependent non-homologous end-joining pathway are involved in telomeric length maintenance and telomeric silencing
10. The SIR2 gene family, conserved from bacteria to humans, functions in silencing, cell cycle progression, and chromosome stability
11. Transcriptional silencing in yeast is associated with reduced nucleosome acetylation
12. Efficient transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires a heterochromatin histone acetylation pattern
13. The Drosophila polycomb protein interacts with nucleosomal core particles in vitro via its repression domain
14. Transcriptional silencing of Ty1 elements in the RDN1 locus of yeast
15. To be or not to be in the nucleolus
16. Persistence of an alternate chromatin structure at silenced loci in the absence of silencers
17. Self-association of chromo domain peptides
18. Dimerisation of a chromo shadow domain and distinctions from the chromodomain as revealed by structural analysis
19. Expansions of transgene repeats cause heterochromatin formation and gene silencing in Drosophila
20. The HP1 protein family: Getting a grip on chromatin
21. Mutation in a heterochromatin-specific chromosomal protein is associated with suppression of position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster
22. Mutations in rik1, clr2, clr3 and clr4 genes asymmetrically derepress the silent mating-type loci in fission yeast
23. The chromodomain protein Swi6: A key component at fission yeast centromeres
24. Fission yeast mutants that alleviate transcriptional silencing in centromeric flanking repeats and disrupt chromosome segregation
25. Mechanisms of transcriptional memory
26. Direct evidence for SIR2 modulation of chromatin structure in yeast rDNA
27. Characterization of five human cDNAs with homology to the yeast SIR2 gene: Sir2-like proteins (sirtuins) metabolize NAD and may have protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
28. Localization of Sir2p: The nucleolus as a compartment for silent information regulators
29. Telomere-proximal DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is refractory to methyltransferase activity in vivo
30. Position effect at S. cerevisiae telomeres: Reversible repression of Pol II transcription
31. Transcriptional silencing in fission yeast
32. The Drosophila Su(var)2-10 locus regulates chromosome structure and function and encodes a member of the PIAS protein family
33. Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with SIR3 and SIR4 proteins: A molecular model for the formation of heterochromatin in yeast
34. Spreading of transcriptional repressor SIR3 from telomeric heterochromatin
35. Conspiracy of silence among repeated transgenes
36. Mating-type determination and mating-type interconversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
37. Silencers are required for inheritance of the repressed state in yeast
38. Recognition and silencing of repeated DNA
39. The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Rad6 (Ubc2) is required for silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
40. Transcriptional silencing and longevity protein Sir2 is an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase
41. Identification of a nonhistone chromosomal protein associated with heterochromatin in Drosophila melanogaster and its gene
42. Re-SET-ting heterochromatin by histone methyltransferases
43. Genetic evidence for an interaction between SIR3 and histone H4 in the repression of the silent mating loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
44. The case for epigenetic effects on centromere identity and function
45. Extremely conserved histone H4 N terminus is dispensable for growth but essential for repressing the silent mating loci in yeast
46. Heterochromatin protein 1 is required for correct chromosome segregation in Drosophila embryos
47. ATP-dependent remodeling and acetylation as regulators of chromatin fluidity
48. Swi6, a gene required for mating-type switching, prohibits meiotic recombination in the mat2-mat3 "cold spot" of fission yeast
49. MAR1 - A regulator of HMa and HMα loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
50. Regulation of transcription in expressed and unexpressed mating type cassettes of yeast
51. Twenty-five years of the nucleosome, fundamental particle of the eukaryote chromosome
52. RAP1 and telomere structure regulate telomere position effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
53. Methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 creates a binding site for HP1 proteins
54. The silencing protein SIR2 and its homologs are NAD-dependent protein deacetylases
55. Mutation of yeast Ku genes disrupts the subnuclear organization of telomeres
56. Silencers and domains of generalized repression
57. Switching gene Swi6, involved in repression of silent mating-type loci in fission yeast, encodes a homologue of chromatin-associated proteins from Drosophila and mammals
58. Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
59. Probes of chromatin accessibility in the Drosophila bithorax complex respond differently to Polycomb-mediated repression
60. Enzymatic activities of Sir2 and chromatin silencing
61. Silent information regulator protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A SIR2/SIR4 complex and evidence for a regulatory domain in SIR4 that inhibits its interaction with SIR3
62. Evidence that a complex of SIR proteins interacts with the silencer and telomere-binding protein RAP1
63. Localization of centromere function in a Drosophila minichromosome
64. Role of histone H3 lysine 9 methylation in epigenetic control of heterochromatin assembly
65. A position effect in the control of transcription at yeast mating type loci
66. Heterochromatin formation in mammalian cells: Interaction between histones and HP1 proteins
67. Rb targets histone H3 methylation and HP1 to promoters
68. SET1, a yeast member of the trithorax family, functions in transcriptional silencing and diverse cellular processes
69. Transitions in distinct histone h3 methylation patterns at the heterochromatin domain boundaries
70. Cosuppression of nonhomologous transgenes in Drosophila involves mutually related endogenous sequences
71. SIR3 and SIR4 proteins are required for the positioning and integrity of yeast telomeres
72. Mechanisms of heritable gene repression during development of Drosophila
73. The Polycomb protein shares a homologous domain with a heterochromatin-associated protein of Drosophila
74. Promoter targeting and chromatin remodeling by the SWI/SNF complex
75. Functional analysis of the chromo domain of HP1
76. Regulation of chromatin structure by site-specific histone H3 methyltransferases
77. On the mechanism of silencing in Escherichia coli
78. Four genes responsible for a position effect on expression from HML and HMR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
79. HDA1 and RPD3 are members of distinct yeast histone deacetylase complexes that regulate silencing and transcription
80. A Drosophila Polycomb group complex includes Zeste and dTAFII proteins
81. A position effect on the expression of a tRNA gene mediated by the SIR genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
82. Silenced chromatin is permissive to activator binding and PIC recruitment
83. Stabilization of chromatin structure by PRC1, a Polycomb complex
84. The nucleolus
85. The termination of telophase is triggered by Tem1-dependent release of the protein phosphatase Cdc14 from the nucleolar RENT complex
86. Extrachromosomal rDNA circles - A cause of aging in yeast
87. Active genes in budding yeast display enhanced in vivo accessibility to foreign DNA methylases: A novel in vivo probe for chromatin structure of yeast
88. An unusual form of transcriptional silencing in yeast ribosomal DNA
89. A phylogenetically conserved NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase activity in the Sir2 protein family
90. The HP1 chromo shadow domain binds a consensus peptide pentamer
91. Position effect variegation in Drosophila
92. The language of covalent histone modifications
93. Methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 is highly conserved and correlates with transcriptionally active nuclei in Tetrahymena
94. SIR2 and SIR4 interactions differ in core and extended telomeric heterochromatin in yeast
95. Net1, a Sir2-associated nucleolar protein required for rDNA silencing and nucleolar integrity
96. Chromatin structure and RNA polymerase II connection: Implications for transcription
97. The role of brahma and related proteins in transcription and development
98. Silent information regulator 2 family of NAD-dependent histone/protein deacetylases generates a unique product, 1-O-acetyl-ADP-ribose
99. An enzymatic activity in the yeast Sir2 protein that is essential for gene silencing
100. Coupling of histone deacetylation to NAD breakdown by the yeast silencing protein Sir2: Evidence for acetyl transfer from substrate to an NAD breakdown product
101. Histone H3 amino terminus is required for telomeric and silent mating locus repression in yeast
102. Four chromo-domain proteins of Schizosaccharomyces pombe differentially repress transcription at various chromosomal locations
103. The Drosophila Polycomb Group proteins ESC and E(Z) are present in a complex containing the histone-binding protein p55 and the histone deacetylase RPD3
104. Increased dosage of a sir-2 gene extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans
105. The protein encoded by the Drosophila position-effect variegation suppressor gene Su(var)3-9 combines domains of antagonistic regulators of homeotic gene complexes
106. Histone acetylation and an epigenetic code
107. Cfi1 prevents premature exit from mitosis by anchoring Cdc14 phosphatase in the nucleolus
108. Position effect variegation in Drosophila is associated with an altered chromatin structure
109. Dynamics of histone acetylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
110. Heterochromatin and gene expression in Drosophila
111. Heterochromatin protein 1 binds to nucleosomes and DNA in vitro