Sources and distributions of dust aerosols simulated with the GOCART model

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 106, Issue D17, 2001, Pages 20255-20273

  Ginoux, Paul ^a,b   Chin, Mian ^a,b   Tegen, Ina ^c   Prospero, Joseph M ^d   Holben, Brent ^b   Dubovik, Oleg ^b,e   Lin, Shian Jiann ^b  

^a GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^c MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI   (United States)

^e SCIENCE SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS INC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; BARE SOIL; DUST; EMISSION; MODELING;

EID: 0034773231     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000JD000053     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Allen, D. J., P. Kasibhatla, A. M. Thompson, R. B. Rood, B. G. Doddridge, K. E. Pickering, R. D. Hudson, and S.-J. Lin, Transport-induced interannual variability of carbon monoxide determined using a chemistry and transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 28,655-28,669, 1996.
2. Arimoto, R., R. A. Duce, B. J. Ray, A. D. Hewitt, and J. Williams, Trace elements in the atmosphere of American Samoa: Concentrations and deposition to the tropical South Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 8465-8479, 1987.
3. Arimoto, R., B. J. Ray, R. A. Duce, A. D. Hewitt, R. Boldi, and A. Hudson, Concentrations, sources, and fluxes of trace elements in the remote marine atmosphere of New Zealand, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 22,389-22,405, 1990.
4. Avila, A., I. Queralt-Mitjans, and M. Alarcón, Mineralogical composition of African dust delvered by red rains over northeastern Spain, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 21,977-21,996, 1997.
5. Belly, P. Y., Sand movement by wind, U.S. Army Coastal Eng. Res. Tech. Memo., 1, 38 pp., 1964.
6. Chiapello, I., G. Bergametti, B. Chatenet, P. Bousquet, F. Dulac, and E. Santos Soares, Origins of African dust transported over the northeastern tropical Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13,701-13,709, 1997.
7. Chin, M., R. B. Rood, S.-J. Lin, J.-F. Müller, and A. Thompson, Atmospheric sulfur cycle simulated in the global model GOCART: Model description and global properties, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24,671-24,687, 2000.
8. Davidson C. I., et al., Chemical constituents in the air and snow at Dye 3, Greenland, I, Seasonal variations, Atmos. Environ., Part A, 27, 2709-2722, 1993.
9. De Angelis, M., and A. Gaudichet, Saharan dust deposition over Mont Blanc (French Alps) during the last 30 years, Tellus, Ser. B, 43, 61-75, 1991.
10. DeFries, R. S., and J. R. G. Townshend, NDVI-derived land cover classification at a global scale, Int. J. Remote Sens., 15, 3567-3586, 1994.
11. Dentener, F. J., G. R. Carmichael, Y. Zhang, J. Lelieveld, and P. J. Crutzen, Role of mineral aerosol as a reactive surface in the global troposphere, J. Geophys. Res, 101, 22,869-22889, 1996.
12. Dickerson, R. R., S. Kondragunta, G. Stenchikov, K. L. Civerolo, B. G. Doddrige, and B. N. Holben, The impact of aerosols on solar ultraviolet radiation and photochemical smog, Science, 278, 827-830, 1997.
13. Dubovik, O., and M. D. King, A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 20,673-20,696, 2000.
14. Dubovik, O., B. N. Holben, M. D. King, Y. J. Kaufman, A. Smirnov, T. F. Eck, and I. Slutsker, Accuracy assessments of aerosol optical properties retrieved from AERONET Sun and sky-radiance measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 9791-9806, 2000.
15. Duce, R. A., Sources, distributions, and fluxes of mineral aerosols and their relationship to climate, in Dalhem Workshop on Aerosol Forcing of Climate, edited by R. J. Charlson and J. Heintzenberg, pp. 43-72, John Wiley, New York, 1995.
16. Duce, R. A., et al., The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 5, 193-259, 1991.
17. Eck, T. F., B. N. Holben, J. S. Reid, O. Dubovik, A. Smironov, N. T. O'Neill, I. Slutsker, and S. Kinne, Wavelength dependence of the optical depth of biomass burning, urban, and desert dust aerosol, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 31,333-31,350, 1999.
18. Franzén, L. G., M. Hjelmroos, P. Kallberg, E. Brorström-Lundén, S. Juntto, and A.-L. Savolainen, The yellow snow episode of northern Fennoscandia, March 1991- A case study of long-distance transport of soil, pollen and stable organic compounds, Atmos. Environ., 28, 3587-3604, 1994.
19. Fuchs, N. A., The Mechanics of Aerosols, Pergamon, New York, 1964.
20. Galloway, J. N., D. L. Savoie, W. C. Keene, and J. M. Prospero, The temporal and spatial variability of scavenging ratios for nss sulfate, nitrate, methanesulfonate and sodium in the atmosphere over the North Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Environ., Part A, 27, 235-250, 1993.
21. Ganor, E., and Y. Mamane, Transport of Saharan dust across the eastern Mediterranean, Atmos. Environ., 16, 581-587, 1982.
22. Genthon, C., Simulations of the long range transport of desert dust and sea-salt in a general circulation model, in Precipitation, Scavenging and Atmospheric Surface Exchange, edited by S. E. Schwartz and W. G. N. Slinn, pp. 1783-1794, Taylor and Francis, Philadelphia, Pa., 1992a.
23. Genthon, C., Simulations of desert dust and sea-salt aerosols in Antarctica with a general circulation model of the atmosphere, Tellus, Ser. B, 44, 371-389, 1992b.
24. Gillette, D. A., and R. Passi, Modeling dust emission caused by wind erosion, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 14,233-14,242, 1988.
25. Guelle, W., Y. Balkanski, M. Schulz, B. Marticorena, G. Bergametti, C. Moulin, R. Arimoto, and K. D. Perry, Modeling the atmospheric distribution of mineral aerosol: Comparison with ground measurements and satellite observations for yearly and synoptic timescales over the North Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 1997-2012, 2000.
26. Helfland, H. M., and J. C. Labraga, Design of a nonsingular level 2.5 second order closure model for prediction of atmospheric turbulence, J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 113-132, 1988.
27. Herman, J. R., P. K. Bhartia, O. Torres, C. Hsu, C. Seftor, and E. Celarier, Global distribution of UV-absorbing aerosols from Nimbus 7/TOMS data, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16,911-16,922, 1997.
28. Hillel, D., Introduction to Soil Physics, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1982.
29. Holben, B. N., T. F. Eck, and R. S. Fraser, Temporal and spatial variability of aerosol optical depth in the Sahel region in relation to vegetation remote sensing, Int. J. Remote Sens., 12, 1147-1163, 1991.
30. Holben, B. N., et al., AERONET- A federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization, Remote. Sens. Environ., 66(1), 1-16, 1998.
31. Husar, R. B., J. M. Prospero, and L. L. Stowe, Characterization of tropospheric aerosols over the oceans with the NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer optical thickness operational product, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16,889-16,909, 1997.
32. Iversen, J. D., and B. R. White, Saltation threshold on Earth, Mars and Venus, Sedimentology, 29, 111-119, 1982.
33. Joussaume, S., Three dimensional simulations of the atmospheric cycle of desert dust particles using a general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 1909-1941, 1990.
34. Karyampudi, M. V., et al., Validation of the Saharan dust plume conceptual model using lidar, Meteosat, and ECMWF data, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 80, 1045-1076, 1999.
35. Levin, Z., E. Ganor, and V. Gladstein, The effects of desert particles coated with sulfate on rain formation in the eastern Mediterranean, J. Appl. Meteorol., 35, 1511-1523, 1996.
36. Lin, S.-J., and R. B. Rood, Multidimensional flux-form semi-Lagrangian transport schemes, Mon. Weather Rev., 124, 2046-2070, 1996.
37. Mahowald, N., K. Kohfeld, M. Hansson, Y. Balkanski, S. P. Harrison, I. C. Prentice, M. Schulz, and H. Rodhe, Dust sources and deposition during the last glacial maximum and current climate: A comparison of model results with paleodata from ice cores and marine sediments, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 15,895-15,916, 1999.
38. Marticorena, B., and G. Bergametti, Modeling the atmospheric dust cycle, 1, Design of a soil-derived dust emission scheme, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16,415-16,430, 1995.
39. Merrill, J. T., M. Uematsu, and R. Bleck, Meteorological analysis of long range transport of mineral aerosols over the North Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 8584-8598, 1989.
40. Prospero, J. M., The atmospheric transport of particles to the ocean, in Particle Flux in the Ocean, edited by V. Ittekkot, P. Schäffer, S. Honjo, and P. J. Depetris, John Wiley, New York, 1996.
41. Prospero, J. M., R. T. Nees, and M. Uematsu, Deposition rate of particulate and dissolved aluminium derived from Saharan dust in precipitation at Miami, Florida, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 14,723-14,731, 1987.
42. Prospero, J. M., M. Uematsu, and D. L. Savoie, Mineral aerosol transport to the Pacific Ocean, in Chemical Oceanography, pp. 187-218, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1989.
43. nd ed., Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1989.
44. Rao, C. R. N., L. L. Stowe, E. P. McClain, and J. Sapper, Development and application of aerosols remote sensing with AVHRR data from the NOAA satellites, in Aerosol and Climate, edited by P. V. Hobbs and M. P. McCormick, pp. 69-79, A. Deepak, Hampton, Va., 1988.
45. th ed., F. Enke, Frankfurt, Germany, 1992.
46. Schubert, S. D., R. B. Rood, and J. Pfaendtner, An assimilated data set for Earth science applications, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 74, 2331-2342, 1993.
47. Schulz, M., Y. J. Balkanski, W. Guelle, and F. Dulac, Role of aerosol size distribution and source location in a three-dimensional simulation of a Saharan dust episode tested against satellite-derived optical thickness, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 10,579-10,592, 1998.
48. Shao, Y., R. Raupach, and J. F. Leys, A model for predicting aeolian sand drift and dust entrainment on scales from paddock to region, Aust. J. Soil. Res., 34, 309-342, 1996.
49. Smirnov, A., B. N. Helben, T. F. Eck, O. Dubovik, and I. Slutsker, Cloud-screening and qualtity control algorithms for the AERONET database, Remote Sens. Environ., 73, 337-349, 2000a.
50. Smirnov, A., B. N. Holben, D. Savoie, J. M. Prospero, Y. J. Kaufman, D. Tanre, T. F. Eck, and I. Slutsker, Relationship between column aerosol optical thickness and in situ ground based dust concentrations over Barbados, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1643-1646, 2000b.
51. Takacs, L. L., A. Molod, and T. Wang, Documentation of the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) General Circulation Model-Version 1, Technical report series on global modeling and data assimilation, NASA Tech. Memo., 104606, 1, 100 pp., 1994.
52. Takamura, T., H. Okamoto, Y. Maruyama, A. Numaguti, A. Higurashi, and T. Nakajima, Global three-dimensional simulation of aerosol optical thickness distribution of various origins, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17,853-17,873, 2000.
53. Tegen, I., and I. Fung, Modeling of mineral dust in the atmosphere: Sources, transport, and optical thickness, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 22,897-22,914, 1994.
54. Tegen, I., and I. Fung, Contribution to the atmospheric mineral aerosol load from land surface modification, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 18,707-18,726, 1995.
55. Tegen, I., and A. A. Lacis, Modeling of particle size distribution and its influence on the radiative properties of mineral dust aerosol, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 19,237-19,244, 1996.
56. Tegen, I., A. Lacis, and I. Fung, The influence of mineral aerosol from disturbed soils on the global radiation budget, Nature, 380, 419-422, 1996.
57. Tegen, I., P. Hollrig, M. Chin, I. Fung, D. Jacob, and J. Penner, Contribution of different aerosol species to the global aerosol extinction optical thickness: Estimates from model results, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 23,895-23,915, 1997.
58. Torres, O., P. K. Bhartia, J. R. Herman, Z. Ahmad, and J. Gleason, Derivation of aerosol properties from satellite measurements of backscattered ultraviolet radiation: Theoretical basis, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17,099-17,110, 1998.
59. Velde, B., Introduction to Clay Minerals, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1992.
60. Winker, D. M., R. H. Couch, and M. P. McCormick, An overview of LITE: NASA's Lidar In-space Technology Experiment, Proc. IEEE, 84, 164-180, 1996.
61. Zhang, X. Y., R. Arimoto, G. H. Zhu, T. Chen, and G. Y. Zhang, Concentration, size-distribution and deposition of mineral aerosol over Chinese desert regions, Tellus, Ser. B, 50, 317-330, 1998.