A model for predicting aeolian sand drift and dust entrainment on scales from paddock to region

Australian Journal of Soil Research

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 309-342

  Shao, Yaping ^a   Raupach, Michael R ^b   Leys, John F ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

^c Department of Conservation ^*  (Australia)

Author keywords

Dust; Land degradation; Wind erosion; Wind erosion modelling

Indexed keywords

DUST; LAND DEGRADATION; SAND DRIFT; SOIL EROSION MODEL; WEAM; WIND EROSION;

EID: 0030480238     PISSN: 00049573     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/SR9960309     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Anderson, R. S., and Haff, P. K, (1991). Wind modification and bed response during saltation of sand in air. Acta Mechanica (Suppl.) 1, 21-51.
2. Bagnold, R. A. (1941). 'The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes.' (Chapman and Hall: London.)
3. Bass, B. (ed.) (1993). 'BAHC Focus 4: the Weather Generator Project.' (Freie Universität Berlin: Berlin.)
4. Belly, P. Y. (1964). Sand movement by wind. TM No. 1, US Army Coastal Engineering Research Center.
5. Bisal, F., and Ferguson, W. (1970). Effect of non-erodible aggregates and wheat stubble on initiation of soil drifting. Can. J. Soil Sci. 50, 31-4.
6. Bondy, E., Lyles, L., and Hayes, W. A. (1980). Computing soil erosion by periods using a wind energy distribution. J. Soil Water Cons. 35, 173-6.
7. Bowman, K. O., and Shenton, L. R. (1988). 'Properties of Estimators for the Gamma Distributions.' (Marcel Dekker. New York.)
8. Burgess, R. C., McTainsh, G. H., and Pitblado, J. R. (1989). An index of wind erosion in Australia. Australian Geographical Studies 27, 98-110.
9. Businger, J. A. (1973). Turbulent transfer in the atmospheric surface layer. In 'Workshop on Micrometeorology'. (Ed. D. A. Haugen.) pp. 67-99. (American Met. Soc.: MA.)
10. Chepil, W. S. (1956). Influence of moisture on erodibility of soil by wind. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 20, 288-92.
11. Chepil, W. S., Siddoway, F. H., and Armburst, D. V. (1963). Climatic index of wind erosion conditions in the Great Plains. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 27, 449-52.
12. Cole, G. W., Lyles, L., and Hagen, L. J. (1983). A simulation model of daily wind erosion soil loss. Trans. ASAE 26, 1758-65.
13. Comis, D., and Gerrietts, M. (1994). Stemming wind erosion. Agric. Res. 42, 8-15.
14. DeardorfF, J. W. (1977). A parameterization of ground-surface moisture content for use in atmospheric prediction models. J. Appl. Meteorol. 16, 1182-5.
15. Findlater, P. A., Carter, D. J., and Scott, W. D. (1990). A model to predict the effects of prostrate ground cover on wind erosion. Aust. J. Soil Res. 28, 609-22.
16. Fryrear, D. W. (1985). Soil cover and wind erosion. Trans. ASAE 28, 781-4.
17. Fryrear, D. W. (1986). A field dust sampler. J. Soil Water Cons. 41, 117-9.
18. Gillette, D. A. (1977). Fine particulate emissions due to wind erosion. Trans. ASAE 20, 890-7.
19. Gillette, D. A. (1983), Threshold velocities for wind erosion on natural terrestrial arid surfaces (a summary). In 'Precipitation Scavenging, Dry Deposition and Resuspension'. Vol. 2. (Eds H. R. Pruppacher, R. G. Semonin and W. G. N. Slinn.) pp. 1047-57. (Elsevier: New York.)
20. Gillette, D. A., and Passi, R. (1988). Modeling dust emission caused by wind erosion. J. Geophys. Res. 93, 14233-42.
21. Gillette, D. A., and Stockton, P. H. (1989). The effect of nonerodible particles on wind erosion at credible surfaces. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 12885-93.
22. Gillette, D. A., and Walker, T. R. (1977). Characteristics of airborne particles produced by wind erosion of sandy soil, high plains of west Texas. Soil Sci. 123, 97-110.
23. Greeley, R., and Iversen, J. D. (1985). 'Wind as a Geological Process on Earth, Mars, Venus and Titan'. (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.)
24. Hagen, L. J. (1984). Soil aggregate abrasion by impacting sand and soil particles. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 27, 805-8.
25. Hagen, L. J. (1991). A wind erosion prediction system to meet user needs. J. Soil Water Cons.46, 106-12.
26. Hunt, J. C. R., and Weber, A. H. (1979). A Lagrangian statistical analysis of diffusion from a ground-level source in a turbulent boundary layer. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 105, 423-43.
27. Justus, C. G., Hargraves, W. R., Mikhail, A., and Graber, D. (1978). Methods for estimating wind speed frequency distributions. J. Appl. Meteorol. 17, 350-3.
28. Kalma, J. D., Speight, J. G., and Wasson, R. J, (1988). Potential wind erosion in Australia: a continental perspective. J. Climatol. 8, 411-28.
29. Katz, R. W. (1977). Precipitation as a chain-dependent process. J, Appl. Meteorol. 16, 671-6.
30. Leys, J. F. (1991a). The threshold friction velocities and soil flux rates of selected soils in south-west New South Wales, Australia. Acta Mechanica (Suppl.) 2, 103-12.
31. Leys, J. F. (1991b). Towards a better model of the effect of prostrate vegetation cover on wind erosion. Vegetatio 91, 49-58.
32. Leys, J. F., Butler, P., and McDonough, C. (1993), Wind erosion research at Borrika in the South Australian Murray mallee. Research Report, Department of Conservation and Land Management of NSW.
33. Leys, J. F., and Heinjus, D. R. (1991). Simulated wind erosion in the South Australian Murray Mallee. Research Report, Department of Conservation and Land Management of NSW.
34. Leys, J., and McTainsh, G. H. (1995). Sediment fluxes and particle grain size characteristics of wind eroded sediments in south eastern Australia. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (in press).
35. Leys, J. F., and Raupach, M. R. (1991). Soil flux measurements using a portable wind erosion tunnel. Aust J. Soil Res. 29, 533-52.
36. McKenna-Neuman, C., and Nickling, W. G. (1989). A theoretical and wind tunnel investigation of the effect of capillary water on the entrainment of sediment by wind. Can. J. Soil Sci. 69, 79-96.
37. McTainsh, G. H., Burgess, R., and Pitblado, J. R. (1988) Aridity, drought and dust storms in Australia (1960-1984). J. Arid Environments 16, 11-22.
38. McTainsh, G. H., and Pitblado, J. R. (1987). Dust storms and related phenomena measured form meteorological records in Australia. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 12, 415-24.
39. Malcolm, L. P., and Raupach, M. R. (1991). Measurements in an air settling tube of the terminal velocity distribution of soil material. J. Geophys. Res. 96, 15275-86.
40. Middleton, N. J., (1984). Dust storms in Australia: frequency, distribution and seasonality. Search 15, 46-7.
41. Morsi, S. A., and Alexander, A. J. (1972). An investigation of particle trajectories in two-phase flow systems. J. Fluid Mech. 55, 193-208.
42. Musick, H. B., and Gillette, D. A. (1990). Field evaluation of relationships between a vegetation structural parameter and sheltering against wind erosion. Land Degradation Rehabil. 2, 87-94.
43. Nickling, W. G., and Ecclestone, M. (1981). The effect of soluble salts on the threshold shear velocity of fine sand. Sedimentology 28, 505-10.
44. Owen, P. R. (1964). Saltation of uniform grains in air. J. Fluid Mech. 20, 225-42.
45. Painter, D. J. (1978). Wind erosiveness in New Zealand. N. Z. J. Sci. 21, 137-48.
46. Polge, R. J., Holliday, E. M., and Bhagavan, B. K. (1973) Generation of a pseudo-random set with desired correlation and probability distribution. Simulation 20, 153-8.
47. Raupach, M. R. (1992). Drag and drag partition on rough surfaces. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 60, 375-95.
48. Raupach, M. R. (1993). Dry deposition of gases and particles to vegetation. Clean Air 27, 200-3.
49. Raupach, M. R. (1994). Simplified expressions for vegetation roughness length and zero-plane displacement as functions of canopy height and area index. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 71, 211-16.
50. Raupach, M. R., Gillette, D. A., and Leys, J. F. (1993). The effect of roughness elements on wind erosion threshold. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 3023-9.
51. Raupach, M. R., and Leys, J. F. (1990). Aerodynamics of a portable wind erosion tunnel for measuring soil erodibility by wind. Aust. J. Soil Res. 28, 177-91.
52. Scott, W. D. (1995): Measuring the erosivity of the wind. Catena 24, 163-75.
53. Shao, Y., McTainsh, G. H., Leys, J. F., and Raupach, M. R. (1993b). Efficiency of sediment samplers for wind erosion measurement. Aust. J. Soil. Res. 31, 519-32.
54. Shao, Y., and Raupach, M. R. (1992). The overshoot and equilibration of saltation. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 20559-64.
55. Shao, Y., Raupach, M. R., and Findlater, P. A. (1993a). The effect of saltation bombardment on the entrainment of dust by wind. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 12719-26.
56. Shao, Y., Raupach, M. R., and Short, D. (1994). Preliminary assessment of wind erosion patterns in the Murray-Darling Basin. Aust. J. Soil Water Cons. 7, 46-51.
57. Svasek, J. N., and Terwindt, J. H. J. (1974) Measurements of sand transport by wind on a natural beach. Sedimentology 21, 311-22.
58. Theodoor, J., and Overbeek, G. (1985). Birth, life and death of colloids. In 'Modern Trends in Colloid Science in Chemistry and Biology'. (Ed. H-F. Eicke.) pp. 9-33.
59. Woodruff, N. P., and Siddoway, F. H. (1965). A wind erosion equation. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 29, 602-8.