Amplifying quantum signals with the single-electron transistor

Nature

Volumn 406, Issue 6799, 2000, Pages 1039-1046

  Devoret, Michel H ^a,b   Schoelkopf, Robert J ^a  

^a Yale University   (United States)

^b CEA SACLAY   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; COMPUTER SYSTEM; DEVICE; MICROCOMPUTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTUM MECHANICS; RATING SCALE; REVIEW; SEMICONDUCTOR; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TASK PERFORMANCE;

EID: 0034739057     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/35023253     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Averin, D. V. & Likharev, K. K. Coulomb blockade of tunneling and coherent oscillations in small tunnel junctions. J. Low Temp. Phys. 62, 345-372 (1986).
2. Fulton, T. A. & Dolan, G. J. Observation of single-electron charging effects in small tunnel junctions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 109-112 (1987).
3. Meirav U., Kastner, M. A. & Wind, S. J. Single-electron charging and periodic conductance resonances in GaAs nanostructures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 771-774 (1990).
4. Schoelkopf, R. J., Wahlgren, P., Kozhevnikov, A. A., Delsing, P. & Prober, D. The radio-frequency single-electron transistor (RF-SET): A fast and ultrasensitive electrometer. Science 280, 1238-1242 (1998).
5. Mather, J. C. Super photon counters. Nature 401, 654-655 (1999).
6. Steane, A. Quantum computation. Rep. Prog. Phys. 61, 117 (1998).
7. Korotkov, A. N., Averin, D., Likharev, K. K. & Vasenko, S. A. in Single-Electon Tunneling and Mesoscopic Physics (eds Koch, H. & Lubbig, H.) 45-59 (Springer, Berlin, 1992).
8. Mar, D. J., Westervelt R. & Hopkins, P. F. Cryogenic field-effect transistor with single electronic charge sensitivity. Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 631-633 (1994).
9. Keiler, M. W., Eichenberger, A., Martinis, J. M. & Zimmerman, N. M. A capacitance standard based on counting electrons. Science 285, 1706-1709 (1999).
10. Schoelkopf, R. J., Moseley, S. H., Stahle, C. M., Wahlgreen, P. & Delsing, P. A concept for a submillimeter-wave single-photon counter? IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 9, 2935-2938 (1999).
11. Komiyama, S., Astafiev, O., Antonov, V., Kutsuwa, T. & Hirai, H. A single-photon detector in the far-infrared range. Nature 403, 405-407 (2000).
12. Bouchiat, V., Vion, D., Joyez, P., Esteve, D. & Devoret, M. H. Quantum coherence with a single Cooper pair. Phys. Scr. T76, 165-170 (1998).
13. Nakamura, Y., Pashkin, Yu. A. & Tsai, J. S. Coherent control of macroscopic quantum states in a singled-Cooper-pair box. Nature 398, 786-788 (1999).
14. Shnirman, A. & Schoen, G. Quantum measurements performed with a single-electron transistor. Phys. Rev. B 57, 15400-15407 (1997).
15. Naveh, Y. & Likharev, K. K. Modeling of 10-nm-scale ballistic MOSFET's. IEEE Electron Devices Lett. 21, 242-244 (2000).
16. Devoret, M. H. & Grabert, H. in Single Charge Tunneling (eds Grabert, H. & Devoret, M. H.) 1-19 (Plenum, New York, 1992).
17. Grabert, H. Charge fluctuations in the single-electron box: Perturbation expansion in the tunneling conductance. Phys. Rev. 50, 17364-17377 (1994).
18. Schoeller, H. & Schoen, G. Mesoscopic quantum transport: Resonant tunneling in the presence of a strong Coulomb interaction. Phys. Rev. B 50, 18436-18442 (1994).
19. Shirakashi, J., Matsumoto, K., Miura, N. & Konagai, N. Single-electron charging effects in Nb/Nb oxide-based single-electron transistors at room temperature. Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 1893-1895 (1998).
20. Zhuang, L., Guo, L. & Chou, S. Y. Silicon single-electron quantum-dot transistor switch operating at room temperature. Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 1205-1207 (1998).
21. Pashkin, Yu. A., Nakamura, Y. & Tsai, J. S. Room-temperature Al single-electron transistor made by electron-beam lithography. Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 2256-2258 (2000).
22. Wolf, H. et al. Investigation of the offset charge noise in single electron tunneling devices. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Measurement 46, 303-306 (1997).
23. Caves, C. M., Thorne, K. S., Drever, W. P., Sandberg, V. D. & Zimmermann, N. On the measurement of a weak classical force coupled to a quantum-mechanical oscillator. I. Issues of principle. Rev. Mod. Phys. 52, 341-392 (1980).
24. Caves, C. M. Quantum limits on noise in linear amplifiers. Phys. Rev. D 26, 1817-1839 (1982).
25. Braginsky, V. B. & Khalili, F. Ya. Quantum Measurement (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1992).
26. Pospieszalski, M. W. & Wollack, E. J. in Proceedings of 2nd ESA Workshop on Millimetre Wave Technology and Applications (WPP-149) 221-226 (ESA, Paris, 1998).
27. Gurvitz, S. A. Measurements with a noninvasive detector and dephasing mechanism. Phys. Rev. B 56, 15215-15223 (1997).
28. Korotkov, A. N. Preprint cond-mat/0003225 at http://xxx.lanl.gov (2000).
29. Zorin, A. B. Quantum-limited electrometer based on single Cooper pair tunneling. Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 4408-4411 (1996).
30. André, M.-O., Mück, M., Clarke, J., Gail, J. & Heiden, C. Radio-frequency amplifier with tenth-kelvin noise temperature based on microstrip direct current superconducting quantum interference device. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 698-700 (1999).
31. Mears, C. A. et al. Quantum-limited heterodyne detection of millimeter waves using superconducting tantalum tunnel junctions. Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 2487-2489 (1990).
32. Movshovich, R. et al. Observation of zero-point noise squeezing via a Josephson parametric amplifier. Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 1419-1422 (1990).
33. Turchette, Q. A., Hood, C. J., Lange, W., Mabuchi, H. & Kimble, H. J. Measurement of conditional phase shifts for quantum logic. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4710-4713 (1995).
34. Monroe, C. et al. Resolved-sideband Raman cooling of a bound atom to the 3D zero-point energy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4011-4014 (1995).
35. Bocko, M. F., Herr, A. M. & Feldman, M. F. Prospects for quantum coherent computation using superconducting electronics. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 7, 3638-3641 (1997).
36. Kane, B. E. A silicon-based nuclear spin quantum computer. Nature 393, 133-137 (1998).
37. Loss, D. & DiVincenzo, D. P. Quantum computation with quantum dots. Phys. Rev. A 57, 120-126 (1998).
38. Mooij, I. E. et al. Josephson persistent-current qubit. Science 285, 1036-1039 (1999).
39. Averin, D. V. Adiabatic quantum computation with Cooper pairs. Solid State Commun. 105, 657-659 (1998).
40. Makhlin, Yu., Schoen, G. & Shnirman, A. Josephson-junction qubits with controlled couplings. Nature 398, 786-789 (1999).
41. Korotkov, A. N. & Paalanen, M. A. Charge sensitivity of radio frequency single-electron transistor. Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 4052-4054 (1999).
42. Nogues, C. et al. Seeing a single photon without destroying it. Nature 400, 239-242 (1999).