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0345349724
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note
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Single-letter abbreviations for the amino acid residues are as follows: A, Ala; C, Cys; D, Asp; E, Glu; F, Phe; G, Gly; H, His; I, Ile; K, Lys; L, Leu; M, Met; N. Asn; P. Pro; Q, Gln; R, Arg; S, Ser; T, Thr; V, Val; W, Trp; and Y, Tyr.
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32
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0344487292
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note
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Expression plasmids for the human nuclear receptor-GAL4 chimeras were generated by amplification of the cDNA encoding the putative LBDs and insertion into a modified pSG5 expression vector (Stratagene) containing the GAL4 DNA binding domain (amino acids 1 to 147) and the simian virus 40 (SV40) Tag nuclear localization signal (5).
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34
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0344056096
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note
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2+-charged chelation Sepharose (Amersham Pharmacia Biotechnology, 25 mM tris-HCl, pH 7.2, 150 mM NaCl, and 50 mM imidazole). Protein was eluted with 365 mM imidazole after washing with buffer containing 95 mM imidazole, and further purified by size exclusion chromatography with Superdex S-75 resin (Amersham Pharmacia Biotechnology). The FXR LBD was biotinylated with NHS-LC-biotin reagent (Pierce).
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35
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0344056095
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note
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2] (27) (SynPEP) that was labeled with streptavidin-conjugated europium chelate (Wallac), in 50 mM tris pH 8, 50 mM KCl, 0.1 mg/ml bovine serum albumin, 1 mM EDTA, and 10 mM dithiothreitol, in the presence of test compound for 2 hours at 22°C. Data were collected with a Wallac Victor fluorescence reader in a time-resolved mode. The relative fluorescence was measured at 665 nM, and the indicated values were calculated by subtracting the fluorescence obtained in the absence of test compound from the value obtained in the presence of test compound. Values are expressed as the means ± SD derived from three independent experiments.
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36
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0344056094
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note
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We thank P. A. Dawson for providing the IBAT expression plasmid pCMV-HISBT, B. W. O'Malley, S. Y. Tsai, M.-Y. Tsai, and M. C. Lewis for critically reading the manuscript. Supported in part by NIH grant RO1 DK53366 to D.D.M. and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant F32 DK09793 to A.M.Z.
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