Origins of signalling and memory: Matters of life versus death

Acta Biologica Hungarica

Volumn 50, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 441-461

  Wheatley, D N ^a   Christensen, S T ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Death; Eukaryotes; Evolution; Hormonal imprinting; Hormones; Life; Ligands; Memory; Receptors; Signalling

Indexed keywords

HORMONE; INSULIN;

APOPTOSIS; MEMORY; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

APOPTOSIS; INSULIN; INVERTEBRATE HORMONES; MEMORY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EUKARYOTA;

EID: 0033494766     PISSN: 02365383     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. Ameisen, J. C. (1996) The origin of programmed cell death. Science 272, 1278-1279
2. Bray, D. (1995) Protein molecules as computational elements in living cells. Nature 376, 307-312.
3. Bruckhcimer, E. M., Cho, S. H., Sarkiss, M., Herrmann, J., McDonnell, T. J. (1998) The Bcl-2 gene family and apoptosis. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol. 62, 75-105.
4. Christensen, S. T. (1993) Insulin rescues the unicellular eukaryote Tetrahymena from dying in a complete, synthetic nutrient medium. Cell Biol. Int. 17, 833-837.
5. Christensen, S. T., Rasmussen, L. (1992) Evidence for growth factors which control cell multiplication in Tetrahymena thermophila. Acta Protozoa!. 31, 215-219.
6. Christensen, S. T., Wheatley, D. N., Rasmussen, M. I., Rasmussen, L. (1995) Mechanisms controlling death, survival and proliferation in a model unicellular eukaryote Tetrahymena thermophila. Cell Death Differ. 2, 301-308.
7. G-methyl-L-arginine and methylene blue. Cell Biol. Internatl. 20, 653-666.
8. Christensen, S. T., Quie, H., Kemp, K. Rasmussen, L. (1996) Insulin produces a biphasic response in Tetrahymena thermophila by stimulating cell survival and activating cell proliferation in two separate concentration intervals. Cell. Biol. Int. 20, 437-444.
9. Christensen, S. T., Leick, V., Rasmussen, L., Wheatley, D. N. (1998) Signaling in unicellular eukaryotes. Internatl. Rev. Cylol. 177, 181-253.
10. Christensen, S. T., Chemnitz, J., Straarup, E. M., Kristiansen, K., Wheatley, D. N., Rasmussen, L. (1998) Staurosporine-induced cell death in Tetrahymena thermophila has mixed characteristics of both apoptotic and autophagic degeneration. Cell Biol Int. 22, 591-598.
11. Christensen, S. T., Neve, S., Kristiansen, K., Leick, V. (1999) Insulin-mediated cell survival in the protozoan ciliatc Tetrahymena thermophila depends on a protein kinase pathway. (In prep.).
12. Christensen, S. T., Sorenscn, II., Beyer, N. H., Kristiansen, K., Wheatley, D. N., Rasmussen, L., Rasmussen, M. I. (1999) Active cell death in low-density cultures of Tetrahymena thermophila: new observations on culture conditions. Submitted.
13. Christopher, G. K., Sundermann, C. A. (1995) Isolation and partial characterization of the insulin binding site of Tetrahymena ihermophila. Biochem Biophys. Res. Commun. 212, 515-523.
14. Christopher, G. K., Sundermann, C. A. (1996) Intracellular insulin binding in Tetrahymena pyriformis. Tissue Cell 28, 427-437.
15. Clarke, P. G. H. (1990) Developmental cell death: Morphological diversity and multiple mechanisms. Anal. Embryol. 181, 195-213.
16. Cornillon, S., Foa, C., Davoust, J., Buonavista, N., Gross, J. D., Goldstein, P. (1994) Programmed cell death in Dictyostelium. J. Cell Biol. 107, 2691-2704.
17. Csaba, G. (1980) Phylogeny and ontogeny of hormone receptors: The selection theory of receptor formation and hormonal imprinting. Biol. Rev. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 55, 47-63.
18. Csaba, G. (1985) The unicellular Tetrahymena as a model cell for receptor research. Int. Rev. Cytol. 95, 327-377.
19. Csaba, G. (1986) Why do hormone receptors arise? Experientia 42, 715-718.
20. Csaba, G. (1994) Phylogeny and ontogeny of chemical signalling: origin and development. Int. Rev. Cytol. 155, 1-48.
21. Csaba, G. (1996) Evolutionary significance of the hormone recognition capacity in unicellular organisms. Development of hormone receptors. Prog. Mol. Subcell. Biol. 17, 1-28.
22. Csaba, G., Lantos, T. (1975) Effect of insulin on the glucose uptake of Protozoa. Experientia 31, 107-109.
23. Davis, M. C., Ward, J. G., Herrick, G., Allis, C. D. (1992) Programmed nuclear death: Apoptotic-Iike degredation of specific nuclei in conjugating Tetrahymena. Dev. Biol. 154, 419-432.
24. Ellis, R. E., Yuan, J., Horvitz, H. R. (1991) Mechanisms and junctions of cell death. Anna. Rev. Cell. Biol. 7, 663-698.
25. Fawell, S. E. (1988) Stimulation by mammalian insulin of glycogen metabolism in a wall-less strain of Neurospora crassa. Endocrinology 122. 518-523.
26. Fülöp, A. K., Csaba, G. (1994) Insulin pretreatment (imprinting) produces elevated capacity in the insulin binding of Tetrahymena. Different binding by the cilia of the body and oral field. Biosci. Rep. 14, 301-308.
27. Gomes, C. M. C., Monteiro, H. P., Gidlund, M., Corbett, C. E. P., Goto, H. (1988) Insulin-like growth factor-I induces phosphorylation in Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana promastigoted and amastigotes. J. Euk. Microbiol 45, 352-355.
28. 23Na-NMR study. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1025, 15-20.
29. 31P nuclear magnetic resonances: effects of insulin. Biochemistry 27, 8526-8533.
30. Greenhalf, W., Stephan, C., Chaudhuri, B. (1996) Role of mitochondria and C-terminal anchor of Bcl-2 in Bax-induced growth arrest and mortality in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett. 380, 169-175.
31. Hardie, D. (I991) Biochemical Messengers. Chapman & Hall, London.
32. Hanada, M., Aime-Sempe, C., Sato, T., Reed, J. C. (1995) Structure-function analysis of bcl-2 protein. Identification of conserved domains important for homodimerization with bcl-2 and heterodimerization with Box. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 11962-11969.
33. Hengartner, M. O. (1996) Programmed cell death in invertebrates. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 6. 34-38.
34. Hinselwood, C. N. (1946) The Chemical Kinetics of the Bacterial Cell. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
35. Hudson, R., Distel, H. (1998) Induced peripheral sensitivity in the developing vertebrate olfactory system. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. 855, 109-115.
36. Hufnagel, L. (1992) Cortical ultrastructure and chemoreception in ciliated protists (Ciliophora). Microscop. Res. Techn. 22, 225-264.
37. Jabs, T. (1999) Reactive oxygen intermediates as mediators of programmed cell death in plants and animals. Biochem. Pharmacol. 57, 231-245.
38. Jarpe, M. B., Widmann, C., Knall, C., Schlesinger, T. K., Gibson, S., Yujiri, T., Fanger, G. R., Gelfand, E. W., Johnson, G. L. (1998) Anti-apoptotic versus pro-apoptotic signal transduction: check-points and stop signs along the road to death. Oncogene 17, 1475-1482.
39. Kakiuchi, S., Sobue, K., Yamazaki, R., Nagao, S., Umeki, S., Nozawa, Y., Yazawa, M., Yagi, K. (1981) Ca2*-dependent modulator proteins from Tetrahymena pyriformis, sea anemone, and scallop and guanylate cyclase activation. J. Biol. Chem. 256, 19-22.
40. Kaprelyants, A. S., Kell, D. B. (1996) Do bacteria need to communicate with each other for growth? Trends Microbiol. 4, 237-242.
41. Kerr, J. F. R. (1971) Shrinkage necrosis: A distinct mode of cellular death. J. Pathol. 105, 13-20.
42. Kerr, J. F. R., Wyllie, A. H., Currie, A. R. (1972) Apoptosis is a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br. J. Cancer 26, 239-257.
43. Köhidai, L., Bársony, J., Roth, J., Marx, S. J. (1992) Rapid effects of insulin on cyclic GMP location in an intact protozoon. Experientia 40, 476-481.
44. Köhidai, L., Karsa, J., Csaba, G. (1994) Effects of hormones on chemotaxis in Tetrahymena: investigations on receptor memory. Microbios 77, 75-85.
45. Kole, H. K., Lenard, J. (1991) Insulin-induced stimulation of protein phosphorylation in Neumspora crassa cells. FASEB J. 5. 2728-2734.
46. Kole, H. K., Muthukumar, G., Lenard, J. (1991) Purification and properties of a membrane-bound insulin binding protein, a putative receptor, from Neumspora crassa. Biochemistry 30, 682-688.
47. Koppelhus, U., Hellung-Larsen, P., Leick, V. (1994) An improved quantitative assay for chemokinesis in Tetrahymena. Biol. Bull. 187. 8-15.
48. Kovács, P., Csaba, G. (1994) Effect of insulin on the incorporation of'Itinositiol into the inositol phospholipids (PI, PIP, PIP2) and glycosyl-phosphatidylinositols (GPIs) of Tetrahymena pyriformis. Biosci.Rep. 74.215-219.
49. Kovács, P., Csaba, G., Ito, Y, Nozawa, Y. (1996) Effect of insulin on the phospholipase D activity of untreated and insulin-pretreated (hormonally imprinted) Tetrahymena. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 222, 359-361.
50. Kovács, P., Csaba, G., Nagao, S., Nozawa, Y. (1989) The regulatory role of calmodulin-dependent guanylate cyclase in association with hormonal imprinting in Tetrahymena. Microbios 59, 123-128.
51. Kovács, P., Csaba, G., Nakashime, S., Nozawa, Y. (1997) Phospholipase D activity in Tetrahymena pyriformis GL. Cell Biochem. Fund. 15, 53-60.
52. Leick, V., Koppelhus, U., Rosenberg, J. (1994) Cilia-mediated oriented chemokinesis in Tetrahymena thermophila. J. Euk. Microbiol. 41, 546-553.
53. Leick, V., Iversen, C., Kemp, K., Christensen, S. T. (1997) Protein kinase inhibitors abolish adaptive cell behaviour in Tetrahymena. Ada Protoiool. 36, 249-260.
54. Lenhoff, H. M. (I968) Behavior, hormones and hydra. Science 161. 434-442.
55. LeRoith, D., Shiloach, J., Roth, J., Lesniak, M. A. (1980) Evolutionary origins of vertebrate hormones: substances similar to mammalian insulin are native to unicellular eukaryotes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 77, 6184-6186.
56. LeRoith, D., Shiloach, J., Roth, J., Lesniak, M. A. (1981) Insulin or a closely related molecules is native to E. coli. J. Biol. Chem. 256, 6533-6536.
57. LeRoith, D., Roberts Jr., C., Lesniak, M. A., Roth, J. (1987) Receptors for intercellular messenger molecules in microbes: Similarities to vertebrate receptors and possible implications for diseases in man. In: Csaba, G. (ed.) Development of Hormone Receptors. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel and Boston.
58. LeRoith, D., Shiloach, J., Heffson, R., Rubinovitz, C., Tanenbaum, R., Roth, J. (1985) Insulin-related material in microbes: similarities and differences from mammalian insulins. Can. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 63. 839-849.
59. Ligr, M., Madeo, F., Frolich, E., Hilt, W., Frolich, K. U., Wolf, D. H. (1998) Mammalian Bax triggers apoptotic changes in yeast. FEBS Lett. 438, 61-65.
60. Loomis, W. F. (ed.) (1982) Development of Dictyostelium discoideum. Academic Press, New York.
61. McKenzie, M. A., Fawcll, S. E., Cha, M., Lenard, J. (1988) Effects of mammalian insulin on metabolism, growth, and morphology of a wall-less strain of Neurospora crassa. Endocrinology 122, 511-517.
62. Menco, B. P. M. (1992) Ultrastructural studies on membrane cytoskeletal, mucous, and protective compartments in olphactation. Microscop. Res. Teclm. 22, 215-244.
63. Metzstein, M. M., Stanford, G. M., Horvitz, H. R. (1998) Genetics of programmed cell death in C. elegans: past, present and future. Trends Genet. 14, 410-416.
64. Mpoke, S., Wolfe, J. (1996) DNA digestion and chromatin condensation during nuclear death in Ttrahymena. Exp. Cell Res. 225, 357-365.
65. Mpoke, S., Wolfe, J. (1997) Differential staining of apoptotic nuclei in living cells: application to macronuclear elimination in Tetrahymena. JHistochem Cytochem 45, 675-683.
66. Müller, G., Rouveyre, N., Crecelius, A., Bandlow, W. (1998) Insulin signaling in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. 2. Stimulation of glucose metabolism and Snfl kinase by human insulin. Biochemistry 37. 8683-8695.
67. Müller, G., Rouveyre, N., Upshon, C., Bandlow, W. (1998) Insulin signaling in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. 2. Induction of protein phosphorylation by human insulin. Biochemistry 37, 8705-8713.
68. Müller, G., Rouveyre, N., Upshon, C., Groß, E., Bandlow, W. (1998) Insulin signaling in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. 2. Interaction of human insulin with a putative binding protein. Biochemistry 37, 8696-8704.
69. Murofushi, H. (1973) Purification and characterization of a protein kinase in Tetrahymena thermophila. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 327, 354-364.
70. Murofushi, H. (1974) Protein kinases in Tetrahymena cilia. II. Partial purification and characterization of adenosine 3′5′-monophosphate-dependent and guanosine 3′5′-monophosphate-dependent protein kinases. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 370, 130-139.
71. Nurse (1990) Universal control mechanisms regulating onset of M-phase. Nature 344, 503-508.
72. O'Neill, J. B., Pert, C. B., Ruff, M. R., Smith, C. C., Higgins, W. J., Zipser, B. (1988) Identification and characterization of the opiate receptor in the ciliated protozan, Tetrahymena. Brain Res. 450, 303-315.
73. Orias, E. (1986) Ciliate conjugation. In: Gall, J. G. (ed.), The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa. Academic Press, Orlando, FL.
74. Overgaard, A. K. Kierklo, L., Christiansen, H., Chrois, P., Rasmussen, L., Friis, J. (1998) Resumption of rapid proliferation from lag phase in cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in poor nutrient conditions. Effect of surface and intracellular signalling mechanisms. Cell Biol. Int. 22, 709-714.
75. de Pablo, F., Lesniak, M. A., Hcrnendcz, E. R., LeRoith, D., Shiloach, J., Roth, J. (1986) Extracts of protozoa contain materials that react specifically in the immunoassay for guinea pig insulin. Harm. Metab. Res. 18, 82-87.
76. Paveto, C., Pereira, C., Espinosa, J., Montagna, A. E., Farber, M., Esteva, M., Flawia, M. M., Torres, H. N. (1995) The nitric oxide pathway in Trypanosoma cruzi. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 16576-16579.
77. Poole, C. A., Flint, M. H., Beaumont, B. W. (1985) Analysis of the morphology and function of primary cilia in connective tissues: a cellular cybernetic probe. Cell Molli. 5, 175-193.
78. Raff, M. C. (1992) Social controls on cell survival and death. Nature 356, 397-400.
79. Raff, M. C. (1998) Cell suicide for beginners. Nature 396, 119-122.
80. Sato, T., Hanada, M., Bodrug, S., Irie, S., Iwama, N., Boise, L. H., Thompson, C. B., Golemis, E., Fong, L.,Wang, H.-G., Reed, J. C. (1994) Interactions among members of the bcI/2 protein family analyzed with a yeast two-hybrid system. Proc. Nail. Acad. Sei. USA 91, 9238-9242.
81. Schultz, J. E., Schönefeld, U., Klumpp, S. (1983) Calcium/calmodulin-regulated guanylate cyclase and calcium-permeability in the ciliary membrane from Tetrahymena. Eur. J. Biochem. 137, 89-94.
82. Schousboe, P., Wheatley, D. N., Rasmussen, L. (1998) Autocrine/paracrine activators and inhibitors of cell proliferation: purification of a 4-6 kDa compound with growth factor-like effects in Tetrahymena thermophila. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 8, 130-137.
83. Shiloach, J., Rubinovitz, C., LeRoith, D. (1984) Extraction of insulin-related material and other peptide-hormones from Tetrahymenapyriformis. ACS Symp. Ser. 271, 175-191.
84. Soderbom, F., Loomis, W. F. (1998) Cell-cell signaling during Diclyostelium development. Trends Microbiol. 6, 402-406.
85. Sonneschein, C., Soto, A. M. (1999) The Society of Cells. Bios Scientific, Oxford.
86. Straarup, E. M., Schousboe, P., Quie, H., Kristiansen, K., Hoffmann, E., Rasmussen, L., Christensen, S. T. (1997) Effects of protein kinase C activators and staurosporine on protein kinase activity, cell survival, and proliferation in Tetrahymena thermophila. Microbios 91, 181-190.
87. Szablewski, L., Andresen, P. H., Florin-Christcnsen, J., Florin-Christensen, M., Rasmussen, L. (1991) Tetrahymena thermophila: growth in synthetic medium in the presence and absence of glucose. J. Protozool. 38, 62-65.
88. Tao, W., Kurschner, C., Morgan, J. I. (1998) Bcl-xS and Bad potentiate the death suppressing activities of BcI-xL, Bcl-2, andAl in yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 23704-23708.
89. Tata, J. R. (1994) Hormonal regulation of programmed cell death during amphibian metamophosis. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 72, 581-588.
90. Watanabe, Y., Nozawa, Y. (1982) Possible roles of calmodulin in a ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena. In: Cheung, W. Y. (cd.) Calcium and Cell Function, Vol. II. Academic Press, New York, pp. 297-323.
91. Waterland, R. A., Garza, C. (1999) Potential mechanisms of metabolic imprinting that lead to chronic disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 69, 179-197.
92. Wheatley, D. N. (1995) Primary cilia in normal and pathological tissues. Pathol. 63, 222-238.
93. Wheatley, D. N., Christensen, S. T., Schousboe, P., Rasmussen, L. (1993) Signalling in cell growth and death: Adequate nutrition alone may not be sufficient for ciliates. Cell Biol. Int. 17, 817-823.
94. Wickerham, L. J. (1946) A critical evaluation of the nitrogen assimilation tests commonly used in the classification of yeasts. J. Bacterial. 52, 293-301.
95. Wyllie, A. H., Kerr, J. F. R., Currie, A. R. (1980) Cell death: The significance of apoptosis. Int. Rev. Cytol. 68, 251-306.
96. Yarmolinsky, M. B. (1995) Programmed cell death in bacterial populations. Science 267, 836-837.
97. Zipser, B., O'Niell, J. B., Ruff, M. R., Smith, C. C., Higgins, W. J., Pert, C. B. (1988) The opiate receptor: A single 110 kDa recognition molecule appears to be conserved in Tetrahymena, leech and rat. Brain Res. 463, 296-304.