The Contribution of Recollection and Familiarity to Recognition and Source-Memory Judgments: A Formal Dual-Process Model and an Analysis of Receiver Operating Characteristics

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 1415-1434

  Yonelinas, Andrew P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COGNITION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; MEMORY; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; RANDOMIZATION; ROC CURVE;

COGNITION; HUMANS; JUDGMENT; MEMORY; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; RANDOM ALLOCATION; ROC CURVE;

EID: 0033218560     PISSN: 02787393     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0278-7393.25.6.1415     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Aggleton, J. P., & Brown, M. W. (in press). Episodic memory, amnesia and the hippocampal-anterior thalamic axis. Brain and Behavioral Sciences.
2. Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Translations on Automatic Control, 19, 716-723.
3. Anderson, J. R., & Bower, G. H. (1974). A prepositional theory of recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 2, 406-412.
4. Ashby, F. G. (1992). Multivariate probability distributions. In F. G. Ashby (Ed.), Multidimensional models of perception and cognition (pp. 1-34). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
5. Atkinson, R. C., & Juola, J. F. (1974). Search and decision processes in recognition memory. In D. H. Krantz, R. C. Atkinson, R. D. Luce, & P. Suppes (Eds.), Contemporary developments in mathematical psychology: Vol. 1. Learning, memory & thinking (pp. 242-293). San Francisco: Freeman.
6. Batchelder, W. H., & Riefer, D. M. (1990). Multinomial processing models of source monitoring. Psychological Review, 97, 548-564.
7. Bowers, J. S., & Schacter, D. L. (1990). Implicit memory and test awareness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 404-416.
8. Clark, S. E., & Gronlund, S. D. (1996). Global matching models of recognition memory: How the models match the data. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5, 37-60.
9. Dobbins, I. G., Kroll, N. E. A., Yonelinas, A. P., & Liu, Q. (1998). Distinctiveness in recognition and free recall: The role of recollection in the rejection of the familiar. Journal of Memory and Language, 38, 381-400.
10. Donaldson, W., & Murdock, B. B. (1968). Criterion change in continuous recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76, 325-330.
11. Düzel, E., Yonelinas, A. P., Mangun, G. R., Heinze, H., & Tulving, E. (1997). Event-related brain potential correlates of two states of conscious awareness in memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 94, 5973-5978.
12. Egan, J. P. (1958). Recognition memory and the operating characteristic (Tech. Rep. No. AFCRC-TN-58-51). Indiana University, Bloomington, United States Air Force Operational Applications Laboratory.
13. Ferguson, S., Hashtroudi, S., & Johnson, M. K. (1992). Age differences in using source-relevant cues. Psychology and Aging, 7, 443-452.
14. Gehring, R. E., Toglia, M. P., & Kimble, G. A. (1976). Recognition memory for words and pictures at short and long retention intervals. Memory & Cognition, 4, 256-260.
15. Gillund, G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model of both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91, 1-67.
16. Glanzer, M., & Adams, J. K. (1990). The mirror effect in recognition memory: Data and theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 5-16.
17. Glanzer, M., Kim, K., Hilford, A., & Adams, J. K. (1999). Slope of the receiver-operating characteristic in recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 500-513.
18. Gruppuzo, V., Lindsay, D. S., & Kelly, C. (1997). The process-dissociation procedure and similarity: Defining and estimating recollection and familiarity in recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 259-278.
19. Hashtroudi, S., Johnson, M. K., & Chrosnaik, L. D. (1989). Aging and source monitoring. Psychology and Aging, 4, 106-112.
20. Hintzman, D. L. (1986). "Schema abstraction" in a multiple trace memory model. Psychological Review, 94, 411-428.
21. Hirst, W. (1982). The amnesic syndrome: Descriptions and explanations. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 435-460.
22. Hoffman, H. G. (1997). Role of memory strength in reality monitoring decisions: Evidence from source attribution biases. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 371-383.
23. Huppert, F. A., & Piercy, M. (1976). Recognition memory in amnesic patients: Effects of temporal context and familiarity of material. Cortex, 12, 3-20.
24. Huppert, F. A., & Piercy, M. (1978). The role of trace strength in recency and frequency judgements by amnesic and control subjects. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30, 347-354.
25. Jacoby, L. L. (1991). A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 30, 513-541.
26. Jacoby, L. L., & Dallas, M. (1981). On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 3, 306-340.
27. Jacoby, L. L., Toth, J. P., & Yonelinas, A. P. (1993). Separating conscious and unconscious influences of memory: Measuring recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2, 139-154.
28. Jacoby, L. L., Yonelinas, A. P., & Jennings, J. M. (1997). The relationship between conscious and unconscious (automatic) influences: A declaration of independence. In J. Cohen & J. W. Schooler (Eds.), Scientific approaches to the question of consciousness (pp. 13-47). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
29. Janowsky, J. S., Shimamura, A. P., & Squire, L. R. (1989). Source memory impairment in patients with frontal lobe lesions. Neuropsychologia, 27, 1043-1056.
30. Jennings, J. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1993). Automatic versus intentional uses of memory: Aging, attention, and control. Psychology and Aging, 8, 283-293.
31. Johnson, M. K. (1983). A multiple-entry, modular memory system. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 17, pp. 81-123). New York: Academic Press.
32. Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 3-28.
33. Johnson, M. K., Kounios, J., & Reeder, J. A. (1994). Time-course studies of reality monitoring and recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 1409-1419.
34. Kahana, M. J. (1998). An analysis of the recognition-recall relationship in four distributed memory models. Manuscript submitted for publication.
35. Kelley, C. M., Jacoby, L. L., & Hollingshead, A. (1989). Direct versus indirect tests of memory for source: Judgments of modality. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 1101-1108.
36. Kinchla, R. A. (1994). Comments on Batchelder and Riefer's multinomial model for source monitoring. Psychological Review, 101, 166-171.
37. Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (1991). Detection theory: A user's guide. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
38. Mandler, G. (1980). Recognizing: The judgment of previous occurrence. Psychological Review, 87, 252-271.
39. Mandler, G., & Boeck, W. J. (1974). Retrieval processes in recognition. Memory & Cognition, 2, 613-615.
40. Marsh, R. L., & Bower, G. H. (1993). Eliciting cryptomnesia: Unconscious plagiarism in a puzzle task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 673-688.
41. Mayes, A. R., Meudell, P. R., & Pickering, A. (1985). Is organic amnesia caused by a selective deficit in remembering contextual information? Cortex, 21, 167-202.
42. McIntyre, J. S., & Craik, F. I. M. (1987). Age differences in memory for item and source information. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41, 175-192.
43. Mitchell, D. B., Hunt, R. R., & Schmitt, F. A. (1986). The generation effect and reality monitoring: Evidence from dementia and normal aging. Journal of Gerontology, 41, 79-84.
44. Moscovitch, M. (1992). Memory and working-with-memory: A component process model based on modules and central systems. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 4, 257-267.
45. Mulligan, N. W., & Hirshman, E. (1997). Measuring the basis of recognition memory: An investigation of the process dissociation procedure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 280-304.
46. Murdock, B. B. (1974). Human memory: Theory and data. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
47. Murdock, B. B. (1982). A theory of storage and retrieval of item and associative information. Psychological Review, 89, 609-666.
48. Murdock, B. B., & Dufty, P. O. (1972). Strength theory and recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 94, 284-290.
49. O'Reilly, R. C., Norman, K. A., & McClelland, J. L. (1997). A hippocampal model of recognition memory. Proceedings of the Neural Information Processing Systems Meeting, CS7, 73.
50. Parkin, A. J., & Walter, B. M. (1992). Recollective experience, normal aging, and frontal dysfunction. Psychology and Aging, 7, 290-298.
51. Ratcliff, R., McKoon, G., & Tindall, M. (1994). Empirical generality of data from recognition memory receiver-operating characteristic functions and implications for the global memory models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 763-785.
52. Ratcliff, R., Sheu, C. F., & Gronlund, S. D. (1992). Testing global memory models using ROC curves. Psychological Review, 3, 518-535.
53. Ratcliff, R., Van Zandt, T., & McKoon, G. (1995). Process dissociation, single process theories, and recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124, 352-374.
54. Richardson-Klavehn, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1988). Measures of memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 39, 475-543.
55. Schacter, D. L., Harbluk, J. L., & McLachlan, D. R. (1984). Retrieval without recollection: An experimental analysis of source amnesia. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23, 593-611.
56. Schacter, D. L., Kaszniak, A. W., Kihlstrom, J. F., & Valderri, M. (1991). The relation between source memory and aging. Psychology and Aging, 6, 559-568.
57. Shimamura, A. P., & Squire, L. R. (1991). The relationship between fact and source memory: Findings from amnesic patients and normal subjects. Psychobiology, 19, 1-10.
58. Takane, Y., & Shibayama, T. (1992). Structures in stimulus identification data. In F. G. Ashby (Ed.), Multidimentional models of perception and cognition (pp. 335-362). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
59. Toth, J. P. (1996). Conceptual automaticity in recognition memory: Levels-of-processing effects on familiarity. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50, 123-138.
60. Toth, J. P., Reingold, E. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Toward a redefinition of implicit memory: Process dissociations following elaborative processing and self-generation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 290-303.
61. Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychologist, 26, 1-12.
62. Verfaellie, M., & Treadwell, J. R. (1993). The status of recognition memory in amnesia. Neuropsychology, 7, 5-13.
63. Wagner, A. D., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Verfaellie, M. (1997). Dissociations between familiarity processes in explicit recognition and implicit perceptual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 305-323.
64. Wheeler, M. A., Stuss, D. T., & Tulving, E. (1997, November). Frontal lobe injury impairs episodic remembering. Paper presented at the 38th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Philadelphia, PA.
65. Yonelinas, A. P. (1994). Receiver-operating characteristics in recognition memory: Evidence for a dual-process model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 1341-1354.
66. Yonelinas, A. P. (1997). Recognition memory ROCs for item and associative information: Evidence for a dual-process signal-detection model. Memory & Cognition, 25, 747-763.
67. Yonelinas, A. P. (1999). Recognition memory ROCs and the dual-process signal-detection model: Comment on Glanzer, Kim, Hilford, and Adams (1999). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 514-521.
68. Yonelinas, A. P., Dobbins, I., Szymanski, M. D., Dhaliwal, H. S., & King, L. (1996). Signal-detection, threshold, and dual-process models of recognition memory: ROCs and conscious recollection. Consciousness and Cognition, 5, 418-441.
69. Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Dissociations of processes in recognition memory: Effects of interference and response speed. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 8, 516-534.
70. Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1995). The relation between remembering and knowing as bases for recognition: Effects of size congruency. Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 622-643.
71. Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Noncriterial recollection: Familiarity as automatic, irrelevant recollection. Consciousness and Cognition, 5, 131-141.
72. Yonelinas, A. P., Kroll, N. E. A., Dobbins, I. G., Lazzara, M., & Knight, R. T. (1998). Recollection and familiarity deficits in amnesia: Convergence of remember/know, process dissociation, and ROC data. Neuropsychology, 12, 323-339.
73. Yonelinas, A. P., Kroll, N. E. A., Dobbins, I. G., & Soltani, M. (in press). Recognition memory for faces: When familiarity supports associative recognition judgments. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review.