Nosocomial infections in the ICU: The growing importance of antibiotic- resistant pathogens

Chest

Volumn 115, Issue 3 SUPPL., 1999, Pages 34S-41S

  Weber, David J ^a,b,c,d   Raasch, Ralph ^d   Rutala, William A ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b IL   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA HOSPITALS   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

Antimicrobial resistance; Broad spectrum antibiotics; Drug resistant pathogens; Nosocomial infections

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CEFTAZIDIME; CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE; CIPROFLOXACIN; GENTAMICIN; IMIPENEM; METICILLIN; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; TOBRAMYCIN; VANCOMYCIN;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; DISINFECTION; ENTEROCOCCUS; EPIDEMIC; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFECTION CONTROL; INSTRUMENT STERILIZATION; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0032998188     PISSN: 00123692     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. Donowitz LG, Wenzel RP, Hoyt JW. High risk of hospital-acquired infection in the ICU patient. Crit Care Med 1982; 10:355-357
2. Chandrasekar PH, Kruse JA, Matthews MF. Nosocomial infection among patients in different types of intensive care units at a city hospital. Crit Care Med 1986; 14:508-510
3. Brown RB, Hosmer D, Chen HC, et al. A comparison of infections in different ICUs within the same hospital. Crit Care Med 1985; 13:472-476
4. Brawley RL, Weber DJ, Samsa GP, et al. Multiple nosocomial infections: an incidence study. Am J Epidemiol 1989; 130: 769-780
5. Emori TG, Culver DH, Horan TC, et al. National nosocomial infections surveillance system (NNIS): description of surveillance methods. Am J Infect Control 1991; 19:19-35
6. Archibald L, Phillips L, Monnet D, et al. Antimicrobial resistance in isolates from inpatients and outpatients in the United States: increasing importance of the intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 24:211-215
7. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) report. Data summary from October 1986-April 1997, issued May 1997: a report from the NNIS System. Am J Infect Control 1997; 25:477-487
8. Gaynes RP, Edwards JR, Jarvis WR, et al. Nosocomial infections among neonates in high-risk nurseries in the United States. Pediatrics 1996; 98:357-361
9. Boyce JM. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: detection, epidemiology, and control measures. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1989; 3:901-913
10. Mulligan ME, Standiford HC, Kauffman CA. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a consensus review of the microbiology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology with implications for prevention and management. Am J Med 1993; 94:313-328
11. Murray BE. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Am J Med 1997; 102:284-293
12. Eliopoulos GM. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci: mechanism and clinical relevance. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1997; 11:851-865
13. Boyce JM. Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus: detection, epidemiology, and control measures. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1997; 11:367-384
14. Paterson DL, Ko WC, Mohapatra S, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia: impact of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production in a global study of 216 patients [abstract]. 37th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; Sept 28-Oct 1, 1997; Toronto, Ontario, Canada
15. CDC. Guidelines for preventing the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in health-care facilities, 1994. MMWR 1994; 43(No. RR-13): 1-132
16. White TC, Marr KA, Bowden RA. Clinical, cellular, and molecular factors that contribute to antifungal drug resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev 1998; 11:382-402
17. CDC. Update: Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin - United States, 1997. MMWR 1997; 46:813-815
18. CDC. Recommendations for preventing the spread of vancomycin resistance: recommendations of the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR 1994; 44:1-13
19. Weinstein RA. Epidemiology and control of nosocomial infections in adult intensive care units. Am J Med 1991; 91(suppl 3B):179S-184S
20. Perl TM. Surveillance, reporting, and the use of computers. In: Wenzel RP, ed. Prevention and control of nosocomial infections. 3rd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997; 127-161
21. Garner JS, Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee: guideline for isolation precautions in hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1996; 17:53-80
22. Wendt C, Herwaldt LA. Epidemics: identification and management. In: Wenzel R, ed. Prevention and control of nosocomial infections. 3rd ed. Baltimore, MD; Williams & Wilkins, 1997; 175-213
23. Rutala WA. APIC guideline for selection and use of disinfectants. Am J Infect Control 1996; 24:313-342
24. Bolyard EA, Tablan OC, Williams WW, et al. Guideline for infection control in health care personnel, 1998. Am J Infect Control 1998; 26:289-354
25. Carmeli Y, Venkataraman L, DeGirolami PC, et al. Stool colonization of healthcare workers with selected resistant bacteria. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1998; 19:38-40
26. Goldmann DA, Weinstein RA, Wenzel RP, et al. Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals: a challenge to hospital leadership. JAMA 1996; 275:234-240
27. Shlaes DM, Gerding DN, John JF Jr, et al. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and Infectious Diseases Society of America Joint Committee on the Prevention of Antimicrobial Resistance: guidelines for the prevention of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25:584-599
28. Wenzel RP, Reagan DR, Bertino JS Jr, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak: a consensus panel's definition and management guidelines. Am J Infect Control 1998; 26:102-110
29. McGowan JE. Antimicrobial resistance in hospital organisms and its relation to antibiotic use. Rev Infect Dis 1983; 5:1033-1048
30. Law MR, Gill ON. Hospital-acquired infection with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive staphylococci. Epidemiol Infect 1988; 101:623-629
31. Hershow RC, Khayr WF, Smith NL. A comparison of clinical virulence of nosocomially acquired methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infections in a university hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1992; 13:587-593
32. Coll PP, Crabtree BF, O'Connor PJ, et al. Clinical risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria in a skilled-care nursing home. Arch Fam Med 1994; 3:357-360
33. Washio M, Mizoue T, Kajioka T, et al. Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in a Japanese geriatric hospital. Public Health 1997; 111:187-190
34. Peacock JE Jr, Marsik FJ, Wenzel RP. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: introduction and spread within a hospital. Ann Intern Med 1980; 93:526-532
35. Klapp DL, Ramphal R. Antibiotic restriction in hospitals associated with medical schools. Am J Hosp Pharm 1983; 40:1957-1960
36. Himmelberg CJ, Pleasants RA, Weber DJ, et al. Use of antimicrobial drugs in adults before and after removal of a restriction policy. Am J Hosp Pharm 1991; 48:1220-1227
37. Gyssens IC, Geerligs IEJ, Dony JMJ, et al. Optimising antimicrobial drug use in surgery: an intervention study in a Dutch university hospital. J Antimicrob Chemother 1996; 38:1001-1012
38. Ballow CH, Schentag JJ. Trends in antibiotic utilization and bacterial resistance: report of the National Nosocomial Resistance Surveillance Group. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1992; 15:37S-42S
39. Bamberger DM, Dahl SL. Impact of voluntary vs enforced compliance of third-generation cephalosporin use in a teaching hospital. Arch Intern Med 1992; 152:554-557
40. Jones RN. The current and future impact of antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial bacterial pathogens. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1992; 15:3S-10S
41. Meyer KS, Urban C, Eagan JA, et al. Nosocomial outbreak of Klebsiella infection resistant to late-generation cephalosporins. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119:353-358
42. Quale J, Landman D, Saurina G, et al. Manipulation of a hospital antimicrobial formulary to control an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 1020-1025
43. White AC Jr, Atmar RL, Wilson J, et al. Effects of requiring prior authorization for selected antimicrobials: expenditures, susceptibilities, and clinical outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25: 230-239
44. Evans RS, Pestotnik SL, Classen DC, et al. A computer-assisted management program for antibiotics and other anti-infective agents. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:232-238
45. Gerding DN, Larson TA, Hughes RA, et al. Aminoglycoside resistance and aminoglycoside usage: 10 years of experience in one hospital. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35: 1284-1290
46. Kollef MH, Vlasnik J, Sharpless L, et al. Scheduled change of antibiotic classes: a strategy to decrease the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156:1040-1048
47. McGowan JE Jr. Do intensive hospital antibiotic control programs prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994; 15:478-483
48. Jarvis WR. Preventing the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms through antimicrobial use controls: the complexity of the problem. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1996; 17:490-495
49. CDC. Summary of notifiable diseases, United States, 1996. MMWR 1997; 45:1-87