Dendritic cells: Expansion and differentiation with hematopoietic growth factors

Current Opinion in Hematology

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 135-144

  Young, James W ^a  

^a WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEMOPOIETIC GROWTH FACTOR;

ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; ARTICLE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MATURATION; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE; DENDRITIC CELL; IMMUNE RESPONSE; LANGERHANS CELL; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MOLECULAR CLONING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECEPTOR UPREGULATION; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION;

CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL DIVISION; CELL LINEAGE; CYTOKINES; DENDRITIC CELLS; HUMANS;

EID: 0032849641     PISSN: 10656251     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00062752-199905000-00003     Document Type: Article

References (86)

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48. + hemopoietic progenitors. J Immunol 1996, 157:1499-1507.
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54. + bipotential intermediate. The relationship of the latter to GCDCs purified from tonsillar germinal centers (see Grouard et al., Nature 1996, 384:364-367) is confirmed by similar cytokine profiling.
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56. + T cell help; and IL-12 is the critical DC-secreted mediator of naive, but not memory B cell differentiation.
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60. + T cell help in generating OVA-specific CTLs. Findings are confirmed in CD154/CD40L-deficient and CD40-deficient mice. This study (see also Ridge et al. [Nature 1998, 393:474-478] and Schoenberger et al. [Nature 1998, 393:480-463]) confirms and extends the findings of Cella et al. [J Exp Med 1996, 184:747-752].
61. + T cell help in generating specific antiviral CTL. The effect is mediated by a non-B cell APC. This This study (see also Ridge et al. [Nature 1998, 393:474-478] and Bennett et al. [Nature 1998, 393:478-480]) confirms and extends the findings of Cella et al. [J Exp Med 1996, 184:747-752].
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64. 64 Anderson DM, Maraskovsky E, Billingsley WL, Dougall WC, Tometsko ME, Roux ER, et al.: A homologue of the TNF receptor and its ligand enhance T cell growth and dendritic-cell function. Nature 1997, 390:175-179. Two groups (see also Wong et al. [J Exp Med 1997, 186:2075-2080]) independently report a novel paired member of the TNF/TNF-R family, here termed RANK-L, expressed by T cells, and RANK, expressed by DCs. RANK-L enhances the immunostimulatory capacity of DCs and is further evidence of the cross-talk that supports effective T cell-DC interactions. RANK-L and TRANCE molecules have the same sequences.
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67. 67 Sallusto F, Schaerli P, Loetscher P, Schaniel C, Lenig D, Mackay CR, et al.: Rapid and coordinated switch in chemokine receptor expression during dendritic cell maturation. Eur J Immunol 1998, 28:2760-2769. The maturation of human DCs is associated with downregulation of receptors for inflammatory chemokines that would be found in the periphery, together with an upregulation of receptors for chemokines produced in secondary lymphoid organs. These alterations in chemokine receptor expression and chemokine responsiveness correspond to migratory patterns in vivo that occur with DC maturation. (See also Sozzani et al. [J Immunol 1998, 161:1083-1086], Dieu et al. [J Exp Med 1998, 188:373-386], and Yanagihara et al. [J Immunol 1998, 161:3096-3102]).
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69. 69 Yanagihara S, Komura E, Nagafune J, Watarai H, Yamaguchi Y: EBI1/CCR7 is a new member of dendritic cell chemokine receptors that are upregulated upon maturation. J Immunol 1998, 161:3096-3102. DCs studied in three different culture systems (mouse bone marrow-derived DCs, mouse epidermal Langerhans cells, and human blood monocyte-derived DCs) all upregulate EBI1/CCR7 during maturation. CC chemokine receptor 7 is functionally responsive to its respective chemokine ligand, ELC/macrophage inflammatory protein-3-β. In contrast, MIP-1-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-3, and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted chemokines, while active on immature DCs, exert no significant effect on mature DCs. Chemokine responsiveness and receptor expression are correlated with known migratory patterns of DCs associated with their maturation. See also Sozzani et al. [J Immunol 1998, 161:1083-1086], Sallusto et al. [Eur J Immunol 1998, 28:2760-2769], and Dieu et al. [J Exp Med 1998, 188:373-386].
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79. 79 Nestle FO, Alijagic S, Gilliet M, Sun Y, Grabbe S, Dummer R, et al.: Vaccination of melanoma patients with peptide- or tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells. Nat Med 1998, 4:328-332. This pilot trial of melanoma patients treated with peptide- or tumor-lysate pulsed DCs supports activity of DCs as in vivo vaccines in cancer.
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81. 81 Bevan MJ: Cross-priming for a secondary cytotoxic response to minor H antigens with H-2 congenic cells which do not cross-react in the cytotoxic assay. J Exp Med 1976, 143:1283-1288.
82. 82 Huang AYC, Golumbek P, Ahmadzadeh M, Jaffee E, Pardoll D, Levitsky H: Role of bone marrow-derived cells in presenting MHC class I-restricted tumor antigens. Science 1994, 264:961-965.
83. 83 Albert ML, Sauter B, Bhardwaj N: Dendritic cells acquire antigen from apoptotic cells and induce class I-restricted CTLs. Nature 1998, 392:86-89. Dendritic cells can cross-prime autologous T cells to respond to influenza, when influenza Ag accesses the class I MHC compartment in DCs by their uptake of apoptotic, influenza-infected cells. These influenza-infected cells need not be histocompatible with the DCs and T cells. Necrotic cells are not effective for this process. Macrophages, in contrast to DCs, sequester rather than present antigen derived from apoptotic cells. See also Albert et al. [J Exp Med 1998, 188:1359-1368].
84. 5 and CD36, and cross-present antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med 1998, 188:1359-1368. This study extends the work reported by Albert et al. [83••] by defining DC surface receptors that uptake apoptotic cells and demonstrating that immature DCs are more active than mature DCs in this process.
85. 85 Mackey MF, Gunn JR, Maliszewski C, Kikutani H, Noelle RJ, Barth RJJ: Dendritic cells require maturation via CD40 to generate protective antitumor immunity. J Immunol 1998, 161:2094-2098. As has been true in murine models, those DCs most capable of eliciting antitumor immunity are those that are most mature.
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