Plasticity in the enteric nervous system

Gastroenterology

Volumn 117, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 1438-1458

  Giaroni, C ^a   De Ponti, F ^a   Cosentino, M ^a   Lecchini, S ^a   Frigo, G ^a  

^a Dept of Internal Med/Therapeutics ^*  (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; DENERVATION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ENTERITIS; ESOPHAGUS ACHALASIA; GLIA CELL; HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE; HUMAN; INTESTINE INNERVATION; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NERVE TRANSECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PYLORUS STENOSIS;

EID: 0032712487     PISSN: 00165085     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70295-7     Document Type: Article

References (230)

1. CB Johansson S Momma DL Clarke M Risling U Lendahl J Frisen Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system Cell 96 1999 25 34
2. PS Eriksson E Perfilieva T Bjork-Eriksson AM Alborn C Nordborg DA Peterson FH Gage Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus Nat Med 4 1998 1313 1317
3. KR Jessen R Mirsky Astrocyte-like glia in the peripheral nervous system: an immunohistochemical study of enteric glia J Neuro-sci 3 1983 2206 2218
4. MD Gershon AL Kirchgessner PR Wade Functional anatomy of the enteric nervous system LR Johnson Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract 1994 Raven New York 381 422
5. JB Furness M Costa The enteric nervous system 1987 Churchill Livingstone New York
6. JS Thompson Can the intestine adapt to a changing environ-ment? Gastroenterology 113 1997 1402 1405
7. K Robertson I Mason S Hall Hirschsprung's disease: genetic mutations in mice and men Gut 41 1997 436 441
8. G Martucciello H Thompson C Mazzola A Morando M Bertagnon F Negri A Brizzolara L Rocchetti C Gambini V Jasonni GDNF deficit in Hirschsprung's disease J Pediatr Surg 33 1998 99 102
9. K Ohshiro P Puri Reduced glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor level in aganglionic bowel in Hirschsprung's disease J Pediatr Surg 33 1998 904 908
10. KJ Bär P Facer NS Williams PKH Tam P Anand Glial-derived neurotrophic factor in human adult and fetal intestine in Hirschsprung's disease Gastroenterology 112 1997 1381 1385
11. SM Ivanchuk SM Myers C Eng LM Mulligan De novo mutation of GDNF, ligand for the RET/GDNFR-α receptor complex, in Hirschsprung disease Hum Mol Genet 5 1996 2023 2026
12. M Angrist S Jing S Bolk K Bentley S Nallasamy M Halushka GM Fox A Chakravarti Human GFRA1: cloning, mapping, genomic structure, and evaluation as a candidate gene for Hirschsprung disease susceptibility Genomics 48 1998 354 362
13. B Doray R Salomon J Amiel A Pelet R Touraine M Billaud T Attie B Bachy A Munnich S Lyonnet Mutation of the RET ligand, neurturin, supports multigenic inheritance in Hirschsprung's disease Hum Mol Genet 7 1998 1449 1452
14. DH Parikh PKH Tam D Van Velzen D Edgar Abnormalities in the distribution of laminin and collagen type IV in Hirschsprung's disease Gastroenterology 102 1992 1236 1241
15. JC Hoehner T Wester S Påhlman L Olsen Alterations in neurotrophin and neurotrophin-receptor localization in Hirschsprung's disease J Pediatr Surg 31 1996 1524 1529
16. T Kuroda M Ueda M Nakano M Saeki Altered production of nerve growth factor in aganglionic intestines J Pediatr Surg 29 1994 288 293
17. H Kobayashi DS O'Briain P Puri Nerve growth factor receptor immunostaining suggests an extrinsic origin for hypertrophic nerves in Hirschsprung's disease Gut 35 1994 1605 1607
18. H Kobayashi H Hirakawa P Puri Overexpression of intercellular adhesion molecule-I (ICAM-I) and MHC class II antigen on hypertrophic nerve trunks suggests an immunopathologic response in Hirschsprung's disease J Pediatr Surg 30 1995 1680 1683
19. GM Frigo M Del Tacca S Lecchini A Crema Some observations on the intrinsic nervous mechanism in Hirschsprung's disease Gut 14 1973 35 40
20. JM Vanderwinden MH DeLaet SN Schiffmann P Mailleux CJ Lowenstein SH Snyder JJ Vanderhaeghen Nitric oxide synthase distribution in the enteric nervous system of Hirschsprung's disease Gastroenterology 105 1993 969 973
21. DP Ryan Neuronal intestinal dysplasia Semin Pediatr Surg 4 1995 22 25
22. H Kobayashi H Hirakawa P Puri Is intestinal neuronal dysplasia a disorder of the neuromuscular junction? J Pediatr Surg 31 1996 575 579
23. S Aggestrup R Uddman F Sundler J Fahrenkrug R Håkanson HR Sørensen G Hambraeus Lack of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide nerves in esophageal achalasia Gastroenterology 84 1983 924 927
24. F Mearin M Mourelle F Guarner A Salas V Riveros-Moreno S Moncada JR Malagelada Patients with achalasia lack nitric oxide synthase in the gastro-oesophageal junction Eur J Clin Invest 23 1993 724 728
25. GN Verne JE Sallustio EY Eaker Anti-myenteric neuronal antibodies in patients with achalasia. A prospective study Dig Dis Sci 42 1997 307 313
26. S Howe EY Eaker JE Sallustio C Peebles EM Tan RC Williams Jr Antimyenteric neuronal antibodies in scleroderma J Clin Invest 94 1994 761 770
27. JM Vanderwinden P Mailleux SN Schiffmann JJ Vanderhaeghen MH DeLaet Nitric oxide synthase activity in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis N Engl J Med 327 1992 511 515
28. JM Vanderwinden H Liu MH De Laet JJ Vanderhaeghen Study of the interstitial cells of Cajal in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Gastroenterology 111 1996 279 288
29. S Krishnamurthy MD Schuffler Pathology of neuromuscular disorders of the small intestine and colon Gastroenterology 93 1987 610 639
30. P Milner R Crowe MA Kamm JE Lennard-Jones G Burnstock Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide levels in sigmoid colon in idiopathic constipation and diverticular disease Gastroenterology 99 1990 666 675
31. C Cortesini F Cianchi A Infantino M Lise Nitric oxide synthase and VIP distribution in enteric nervous system in idiopathic chronic constipation Dig Dis Sci 40 1995 2450 2455
32. K Sjölund S Fasth R Ekman L Hulten H Jiborn S Nordgren F Sundler Neuropeptides in idiopathic chronic constipation (slow transit constipation) Neurogastroenterol Motil 9 1997 143 150
33. AJ Porter DA Wattchow A Hunter M Costa Abnormalities of nerve fibers in the circular muscle of patients with slow transit constipation Int J Colorectal Dis 13 1998 208 216
34. K Geboes S Collins Structural abnormalities of the nervous system in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis Neurogastroenterol Motil 10 1998 189 202
35. A Belai PB Boulos T Robson G Burnstock Neurochemical coding in the small intestine of patients with Crohn's disease Gut 40 1997 767 774
36. SM Collins The immunomodulation of enteric neuromuscular function: implication for motility and inflammatory disorders Gastroenterology 111 1996 1683 1699
37. F De Ponti RD Fealey J-R Malagelada Gastrointestinal syndromes due to diabetes mellitus PJ Dyck PK Thomas AK Ashbury AI Winegrad D Porte Diabetic neuropathy 1987 Saunders Philadelphia 155 161
38. C Singaram W Ashraf EA Gaumnitz C Torbey A Sengupta R Pfeiffer EMM Quigley Dopaminergic defect of enteric nervous system in Parkinson's disease patients with chronic constipation Lancet 346 1995 861 864
39. JS Chinn MD Schuffler Paraneoplastic visceral neuropathy as a cause of severe gastrointestinal motor dysfunction Gastroenterology 95 1988 1279 1286
40. VA Lennon DF Sas MF Busk B Scheithauer JR Malagelada M Camilleri LJ Miller Enteric neuronal autoantibodies in pseudo-obstruction with small-cell lung carcinoma Gastroenterology 100 1991 137 142
41. JM Vanderwinden H Liu R Menu JL Conreur MH De Laet JJ Venderhaeghen The pathology of infantile hypertrophyic pyloric stenosis after healing J Pediatr Surg 31 1996 1530 1534
42. JS Thompson EM Quigley TE Adrian Effect of reversed intestinal segments on intestinal structure and function J Surg Res 58 1995 19 27
43. F Oberpenning J Meng JJ Yoo A Atala De novo reconstitution of a functional mammalian urinary bladder by tissue engineering Nat Biotechnol 17 1999 149 155
44. G Gabella Neuron size and number in the myenteric plexus of the newborn and adult rat J Anat 109 1971 81 95
45. P Matini B Mayer MS Faussone-Pellegrini Neurochemical differentiation of rat enteric neurons during pre- and postnatal life Cell Tissue Res 288 1997 11 23
46. T Wester DS O'Brian P Puri Notable postnatal alterations in the myenteric plexus of normal human bowel Gut 44 1999 666 674
47. S Koletzko I Jesch T Faus-Keβler J Briner W Meier-Ruge H Müntefering W Coerdt L Wessel KM Keller W Nützenadel P Schmittenbecher A Holschneider P Sacher Rectal biopsy for diagnosis of intestinal neuronal dysplasia in children: a prospective multicentre study on interobserver variation and clinical outcome Gut 44 1999 853 861
48. JD Wood Physiology of the enteric nervous system LR Johnson Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract 1994 Raven New York 423 482
49. MD Gershon Neural injury, repair, and adaptation in the GI tract V. Genes, lineages, and tissue interactions in the development of the enteric nervous system Am J Physiol 275 1998 G869 G873
50. V Pachnis P Durbec S Taraviras M Grigoriou D Natarajan Neural injury, repair, and adaptation in the GI tract III. Role of RET signal transduction pathway in development of the mammalian enteric nervous system Am J Physiol 275 1998 G183 G186
51. RK Montgomery AE Mulberg RJ Grand Development of the human gastrointestinal tract: twenty years of progress Gastroenterology 116 1999 702 731
52. S Jing D Wen Y Yu PL Holst Y Luo M Fang R Tamir L Antonio Z Hu R Cupples JC Louis S Hu BW Altrock GM Fox GDNF-induced activation of the ret protein tyrosine kinase is mediated by GDNFR-α, a novel receptor for GDNF Cell 85 1996 1113 1124
53. G Cacalano I Farinas LC Wang K Hagler A Forgie M Moore M Armanini H Phillips AM Ryan LF Reichardt M Hynes A Davies A Rosenthal GFRalpha1 is an essential receptor component for GDNF in the developing nervous system and kidney Neuron 21 1998 53 62
54. RO Heuckeroth H Enomoto JR Grider JP Golden JA Hanke A Jackman DC Molliver ME Bardgett WD Snider EM Johnson Jr J Milbrandt Gene targeting reveals a critical role for neurturin in the development and maintenance of enteric, sensory, and parasympathetic neurons Neuron 22 1999 253 263
55. RJ Peters MA Osinski JA Hongo GL Bennett AJ Okragly M Haak-Frendscho ML Epstein GDNF is abundant in the adult rat gut J Auton Nerv Syst 70 1998 115 122
56. G Baetge MD Gershon Transient catecholaminergic (TC) cells in the vagus nerves and bowel of fetal mice: relationship to the development of enteric neurons Dev Biol 132 1989 189 211
57. G Baetge JE Pintar MD Gershon Transiently catecholaminergic (TC) cells in the bowel of the fetal rat: precursors of noncatecholaminergic enteric neurons Dev Biol 141 1990 353 380
58. E Blaugrund TD Pham VM Tennynson L Lo L Sommer DJ Anderson MD Gershon Distinct subpopulations of enteric neuronal progenitors defined by time of development, sympathoadrenal lineage markers and Mash-1 -dependence Development 122 1996 309 320
59. MD Gershon A Chalazonitis TP Rothman From neural crest to bowel: development of the enteric nervous system J Neurobiol 24 1993 199 214
60. T Cowen Ageing in the autonomic nervous system: a result of nerve-target interactions? A review Mech Ageing Dev 68 1993 163 173
61. G Gabella Fall in the number of myenteric neurons in aging guinea-pigs Gastroenterology 96 1989 1487 1493
62. OA Gomes RR de Souza EA Liberti A preliminary investigation of the effects of aging on the nerve cell number in the myenteric ganglia of the human colon Gerontology 43 1997 210 217
63. RM Santer DM Baker Enteric neuron numbers and sizes in Auerbach's plexus in the small and large intestine of adult and aged rats J Auton Nerv Syst 25 1988 59 67
64. T Cowen I Gavazzi Plasticity in adult and ageing sympathetic neurons Prog Neurobiol 54 1998 249 288
65. A Belai H Wheeler G Burnstock Innervation of the rat gastrointestinal sphincters: changes during development and ageing Int J Dev Neurosci 13 1995 81 95
66. KM Sanders A case for interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers and mediators of neurotransmission in the gastrointestinal tract Gastroenterology 111 1996 492 515
67. HM Young S Torihashi D Ciampoli KM Sanders Identification of neurons that express stem cell factor in the mouse small intestine Gastroenterology 115 1998 898 908
68. L Buéno J Fioramonti M Delvaux J Frexinos Mediators and pharmacology of visceral sensitivity: from basic to clinical investigations Gastroenterology 112 1997 1714 1743
69. J Lakshmanan J Cho M Reinshagen I Geerling S Gnanakkan Ketterer CK Oh K Huff VE Eysselein A human mast cell (HMC-1) line which elicits neurite outgrowth expresses a distinct neurotrophin-3 prohormone (abstr) Gastroenterology 112 suppl 1997 A1166
70. HS Ennes SH Young HE Raybould EA Mayer Intercellular communication between dorsal root ganglion cells and colonic smooth muscle cells in vitro NeuroReport 8 1997 733 737
71. M Zoli A Jansson E Syková LF Agnati K Fuxe Volume transmission in the CNS and its relevance for neuropsychophar-macology Trends Pharmacol Sci 20 1999 142 150
72. F De Ponti C Giaroni M Cosentino S Lecchini GM Frigo Adrenergic mechanisms in the control of gastrointestinal motility: from basic science to clinical applications Pharmacol Ther 69 1996 59 78
73. F Marino M Marcoli F De Ponti M Cosentino S Lecchini GM Frigo Effect of desipramine-induced blockade of neuronal up-take mechanisms on adrenoceptor-mediated responses in the guineapig colon Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 350 1994 499 506
74. WWA Kunze JB Furness The enteric nervous system and regulation of intestinal motility Annu Rev Physiol 61 1999 117 142
75. G Gabella On the plasticity of form and structure of enteric ganglia J Auton Nerv Syst 30 1990 S59 S66
76. JC Hoehner T Wester S Påhlman L Olsen Localization of neurotrophins and their high-affinity receptors during human enteric nervous system development Gastroenterology 110 1996 756 767
77. JR Grider JR Acevedo T Bushman Inhibition of neurite growth by BDNF, a neurotrophic factor expressed and secreted by myenteric neurons in culture (abstr) Gastroenterology 112 suppl 1997 A739
78. JR Grider JR Acevedo T Bushman Stimulation of neurite growth in cultured myenteric neurons by the ciliar y neurotrophic factor, CNTF (abstr) Gastroenterology 112 suppl 1997 A877
79. A Rühl I Khan MG Blennerhassett SM Collins Enteroglial cells from rat myenteric plexus express interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 mRNA (abstr) Gastroenterology 106 suppl 1994 A561
80. G Van Assche SM Collins Leukemia inhibitory factor mediates cytokine-induced suppression of myenteric neurotransmitter release from rat intestine Gastroenterology 111 1996 674 681
81. I Esteban B Levanti O Garcia-Suarez G Germana` E Ciriaco FJ Naves JA Vega A neuronal subpopulation in the mammalian enteric nervous system expresses TrkA and TrkC neurotrophin receptor-like proteins Anat Rec 251 1998 360 370
82. A Chalazonitis TP Rothman JX Chen F Lamballe M Barbacid MD Gershon Neurotrophin-3 induces neural crest-derived cells from fetal rat gut to develop in vitro as neurons or glia J Neurosci 14 1994 6571 6584
83. P Ernfors C Whetmore M Eriksdotter-Nilsson M Bygdeman I Stromberg L Olson H Persson The nerve growth factor receptor gene is expressed in both neuronal and non-neuronal tissues in the human fetus Int J Dev Neurosci 9 1991 57 66
84. F Lamballe RJ Smeyne M Barbacid Developmental expression of trk C, the neurotrophin-3 receptor, in the mammalian nervous system J Neurosci 14 1994 14 28
85. C Sternini D Su J Arakawa R De Giorgio DW Rickman BM Davis KM Albers NC Brecha Cellular localization of pan-trk immunoreactivity and trk-C mRNA in the enteric nervous system J Comp Neurol 368 1996 597 607
86. DL Shelton J Sutherland J Gripp T Camerato MP Armanini HS Phillips K Carroll SD Spencer AD Levinson Human trks: molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and expression of extracellular domain immunoadhesins J Neurosci 15 1995 477 491
87. M Canossa JL Twiss AN Verity EM Shooter p75(NGFR) and TrkA receptors collaborate to rapidly activate a p75(NGFR)-associated protein kinase EMBO J 15 1996 3369 3376
88. MJ Saffrey G Burnstock Growth of myenteric plexus explant cultures in a serum-free, hormone-supplemented culture medium Int J Dev Neurosci 2 1984 591 602
89. MJ Saffrey G Burnstock Growth factors and the development and plasticity of the enteric nervous system J Auton Nerv Syst 49 1994 183 196
90. MW Mulholland G Romanchuk K Lally DM Simeone Nerve growth factor promotes neurite outgrowth in guinea-pig myenteric plexus ganglia Am J Physiol 267 1994 G716 G722
91. SH Snyder DM Sabatini MM Lai JP Steiner GS Hamilton PD Suzdak Neural action of immunophilin ligands Trends Pharmacol Sci 19 1998 21 26
92. J Carnahan H Nawa Regulation of neuropeptide expression in the brain by neurotrophins. Potential role in vivo Mol Neurobiol 10 1995 135 149
93. G Flämig H Rohm I Geerling G Adler M Reinshagen Neurotrophin expression in the adrenal gland in experimental colitis suggests a neuroendocrine regulatory pathway (abstr) Gastroenterology 114 suppl 1998 A977
94. R Levi-Montalcini SD Skaper R Dal Toso L Petrelli A Leon Nerve growth factor: from neurotrophin to neurokine Trends Neurosci 19 1996 514 520
95. CA Altar Neurotrophins and depression Trends Pharmacol Sci 20 1999 59 61
96. F De Ponti JR Malagelada Functional gut disorders: from motility to sensitivity disorders. A review of current and investigational drugs for their management Pharmacol Ther 80 1998 49 88
97. B Coulie M Camilleri D Burton S McKinzie Recombinant human brain derived neurotrophic factor accelerates colonic transit in humans (abstr) Gastroenterology 116 suppl 1999 A979
98. LA Szarka M Camilleri D Burton C Hardtke Recombinant human neurotrophin-3 accelerates small bowel and colonic transit in healthy humans and patients with constipation (abstr) Gastroenterology 116 suppl 1999 A1089
99. I Wessler T Reinheimer H Klapproth FJ Schneider K Racké R Hammer Mammalian glial cells in culture synthesize acetylcholine Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 356 1997 694 697
100. Z Huszti H Prast MH Tran H Fischer A Philippu Glial cells participate in histamine inactivation in vivo Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 357 1998 49 53
101. P Bezzi G Carmignoto L Pasti S Vesce D Rossi B Lodi Rizzini T Pozzan A Volterra Prostaglandins stimulate calcium-dependent glutamate release in astrocytes Nature 391 1998 281 285
102. N Maudlej M Hanani Modulation of dye coupling among glial cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the guinea pig Brain Res 578 1992 94 98
103. 2+ entry in enteric glia induced by thapsigargin and extracellular ATP Am J Physiol 275 1998 G550 G555
104. TG Bush TC Savidge TC Freeman HJ Cox EA Campbell L Mucke MH Johnson MV Sofroniew Fulminant jejuno-ileitis following ablation of enteric glia in adult transgenic mice Cell 93 1998 189 201
105. SR Johnson AJ Knox Synthetic functions of air way smooth muscle in asthma Trends Pharmacol Sci 18 1997 288 292
106. JF Kuemmerle Autocrine regulation of growth in cultured human intestinal muscle by growth factors Gastroenterology 113 1997 817 824
107. G Van Assche G Barbara Y Deng P Lovato J Gauldie SM Collins Neurotransmitters modulate cytokine-stimulated interleukin 6 secretion in rat intestinal smooth muscle cells Gastroenterology 116 1999 346 353
108. JF Kuemmerle TL Bushman Autocrine regulation of intestinal muscle cell growth by the endogenous growth factor, GDNF (abstr) Gastroenterology 114 suppl 1998 A1156
109. TM Cocks V Sozzi JD Moffatt S Selemidis Protease-activated receptors mediate apamin-sensitive relaxation of mouse and guinea pig gastrointestinal smooth muscle Gastroenterology 116 1999 586 592
110. DK Nelson JE Service DR Studelska S Brimijoin VLW Go Gastrointestinal neuropeptide concentrations following guanethidine sympathectomy J Auton Nerv Syst 22 1988 203 210
111. P Milner J Lincoln A Belai G Burnstock Plasticity in the myenteric plexus of the rat ileum after long-term sympathectomy Int J Dev Neurosci 13 1995 385 392
112. AM Yunker JJ Galligan Extrinsic denervation increases NADPH diaphorase staining in myenteric nerves in guinea-pig ileum Neurosci Lett 167 1994 51 54
113. C Cracco G Filogamo Neuronal and non-neuronal plasticity in the rat following myenteric denervation Adv Exp Med Biol 429 1997 159 169
114. MS Luck JL Dahl MG Boyeson P Bass Neuroplasticity in the smooth muscle of the myenterically and extrinsically denervated rat jejunum Cell Tissue Res 271 1993 363 374
115. NA See ML Epstein JL Dahl P Bass The myenteric plexus regulates cell growth in the rat jejunum J Auton Nerv Syst 31 1990 219 230
116. GE Holle Changes in muscularis externa of rat small intestine after myenteric ablation with benzalkonium chloride: Electron microscopic and morphometric study Dig Dis Sci 43 1998 2666 2675
117. JJ Galligan M Costa JB Furness Changes in surviving nerve fibers associated with submucosal arteries following extrinsic denervation of the small intestine Cell Tissue Res 253 1988 647 656
118. MM Jiang A Surprenant Re-innervation of submucosal arterioles by myenteric neurones following extrinsic denervation J Auton Nerv Syst 37 1992 145 154
119. KZ Shen A Surprenant Somatostatin-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic potential in sympathetically denervated guinea-pig submucosal neurones J Physiol (Lond) 470 1993 619 635
120. WW Fleming DP Westfall U Trendelenburg N Weiner Handbook of experimental pharmacology 90/I, catecholamines I 1988 Germany: Springer Heidelberg 509 559
121. GM Frigo S Lecchini M Marcoli M Tonini L D'Angelo A Crema Changes in sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of adrenergic agonists on intestinal motor activity after chronic sympathetic denervation Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 325 1984 145 152
122. 2-adrenoceptor agonists after sympathetic denervation Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 329 1985 271 277
123. F Marino F Creta F De Ponti C Giaroni S Lecchini GM Frigo Opioid pathways exert a tonic restraint in the guinea-pig isolated colon: changes after chronic sympathetic denervation J Pharm Pharmacol 45 1993 668 670
124. M Cosentino F Marino F De Ponti C Giaroni L Somaini O Leoni S Lecchini GM Frigo Tonic modulation of neurotransmitter release in the guinea-pig myenteric plexus: effect of μ- and κ-opioid receptor blockade and of chronic sympathetic denervation Neurosci Lett 194 1995 185 188
125. AMR Yunker JJ Galligan Extrinsic denervation increases myenteric nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons and inhibitory neuromuscular transmission in guinea pig J Auton Nerv Syst 71 1998 148 158
126. MM Puig O Pohl Peripheral effects of opioids in a model of chronic intestinal inflammation in mice J Pharmacol Exp Ther 286 1998 1068 1075
127. JN Sengupta A Snider X Su GF Gebhart Effects of kappa opioids in the inflamed rat colon Pain 79 1999 175 185
128. T Jahnberg J Martinson L Hulten S Fasth Dynamic gastric response to expansion before and after vagotomy Scand J Gastroenterol 10 1975 593 598
129. H Sinnett A Johnson The effect of highly selective vagotomy on gastric adaptive relaxation Br J Surg 69 1982 686
130. MN Hartley CR Mackie Gastric adaptive relaxation and symptoms after vagotomy Br J Surg 78 1991 24 27
131. T Takahashi C Owyang Characterization of vagal pathways mediating gastric accommodation reflex in rats J Physiol (Lond) 504 1997 479 488
132. P Vento T Kiviluoto M Pakarinen J Lauronen J Halttunen E Kivilaakso S Soinila Nerve terminals containing neuropeptides decrease in number after massive proximal small bowel resection in the piglet Dig Dis Sci 43 1998 1102 1110
133. JS Thompson EMM Quigley TE Adrian Factors affecting out-come following proximal and distal resection in the dog. An examination of the relative roles of mucosal adaptation, motility, luminal factors, and enteric peptides Dig Dis Sci 44 1999 63 74
134. JA Vanderhoof AN Langnas Short-bowel syndrome in children and adults Gastroenterology 113 1997 1767 1778
135. TE Adrian EMM Quigley SG Rose TJ Johnson JS Thompson Effects of jejunoileal autotransplantation on gastrointestinal regulatory peptides Dig Dis Sci 39 1994 2457 2466
136. M Spada F De Ponti M Alessiani A Costa M Girani P Dionigi S Vischi G Peloni J Reyes S Todo A Crema Monitoring of intestinal myoelectrical activity after isolated small bowel transplantation in FK506-immunosuppressed pigs Transplant Proc 26 1994 1537 1539
137. JJ Galligan JB Furness M Costa Migration of myoelectric complex after interruption of the myenteric plexus: intestinal transection and regeneration of enteric nerves in the guinea pig Gastroenterology 97 1989 1135 1146
138. S Sarna RE Condon V Cowles Enteric mechanisms of initiation of migrating myoelectric complexes in dogs Gastroenterology 84 1983 814 822
139. C Shibata BM Balsiger WJ Anding MG Sarr Adrenergic denervation hypersensitivity in ileal circular smooth muscle after small bowel transplantation in rats Dig Dis Sci 42 1997 2213 2221
140. PF Heeckt W Halfter WH Schraut AJ Bauer Chronic rejection causes early destruction of the intrinsic nervous system in rat intestinal transplants Am J Physiol 273 1997 G413 G421
141. RG Lee K Nakamura AC Tsamandas K Abu-Elmagd H Furukawa WR Hutson J Reyes JS Tabasco-Minguillan S Todo AJ Demetris Pathology of human intestinal transplantation Gastroenterology 110 1996 1820 1834
142. MG Sarr Enteric physiology of the transplanted gut: absorption and motility Dig Surg 13 1996 181 193
143. G Malmfors R Håkanson L Okmian F Sundler Peptidergic nerves persist after jejunal autotransplantation: an experimental study in the piglet J Pediatr Surg 15 1980 53 56
144. H Kiyochi A Ono N Yamamoto K Ohnishi Y Shimahara N Kobayashi Extrinsic sympathetic reinnervation after intestinal transplantation in rats Transplantation 59 1995 328 333
145. A Sugitani JC Reynolds S Todo Immunohistochemical study of enteric nervous system after small bowel transplantation in humans Dig Dis Sci 39 1994 2448 2456
146. K Nakao H Ishii M Kusunoki T Yamamura J Utsunomiya Nitric oxide-related neural components in the rat small intestine after transplantation Transplant Int 10 1997 19 23
147. C Hölscher Nitric oxide, the enigmatic neuronal messenger: its role in synaptic plasticity Trends Neurosci 20 1997 298 303
148. JC Yuan JC Bornstein JB Furness Pharmacological evidence that nitric oxide may be a retrograde messenger in the enteric nervous system Br J Pharmacol 114 1995 428 432
149. AD Corbett GM Lees Depressant effects of hypoxia and hypoglycaemia on neuro-effector transmission of guineapig intestine studied in vitro with a pharmacological model Br J Pharmacol 120 1997 107 115
150. T Matsumoto Injury to myenteric plexus of intestinal segments after vascular pedicle interruption: an experimental study in rats and rabbits J Nihon Univ Sch Dent 39 1997 17 24
151. T Takahashi K Nakamura H Itoh AAF Sima C Owyang Impaired expression of nitric oxide synthase in the gastric myenteric plexus of spontaneously diabetic rats Gastroenterology 113 1997 1535 1544
152. JM Goldhill T Shea-Donohue N Ali VM Piñeiro-Carrero Tachykinergic neurotransmission is enhanced in small intestinal circular muscle in a rabbit model of inflammmation J Pharmacol Exp Ther 282 1997 1373 1378
153. CO Elson R Balfour Sartor GS Tennyson RH Riddell Experimental models of inflammatory bowel disease Gastroenterology 109 1995 1344 1367
154. A Belai J Lincoln P Milner G Burnstock Progressive changes in adrenergic, serotoninergic, and peptidergic nerves in proximal colon of streptozotocin-diabetic rats Gastroenterology 95 1988 1234 1241
155. P Holzer Implications of tachykinins and calcitonin gene-related peptide in inflammatory bowel disease Digestion 59 1998 269 283
156. SSC Rao NW Read C Brown C Bruce CD Holdsworth Studies on the mechanism of bowel disturbance in ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 93 1987 934 940
157. ON Manousos SN Salem Abnormal motility of the small intestine in ulcerative colitis Gastroenterologia 104 1965 249 257
158. K Jacobson K McHugh SM Collins Experimental colitis alters myenteric nerve function at inflamed and noninflamed sites in the rat Gastroenterology 109 1995 718 722
159. AC Aube C Cherbut M Barbier JH Xing C Rozé JP Galmiche Altered myoelectrical activity in noninflamed ileum of rats with colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid Neurogastroenterol Motil 11 1999 55 62
160. A Ruhl SM Collins Enteroglial cells (EGC) are an integral part of the neuroimmune axis in the enteric nervous system (ENS) (abstr) Gastroenterology 108 suppl 1995 A680
161. Q Zhang RR Ji R Lindsay T Hokfelt Effect of growth factors on substance P mRNA expression in axotomized dorsal root ganglia Neuroreport 6 1995 1309 1312
162. C Humpel J Marksteiner A Saria Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor enhances biosynthesis of substance P in striatal neurons in vitro Cell Tissue Res 286 1996 249 255
163. G Gabella Size of neurons and glial cell in the intramural ganglia of the hypertrophic intestine of the guinea-pig J Neurocytol 13 1984 73 84
164. G Gabella P Trigg Size of neurons and glial cell in the enteric ganglia of mice, guinea-pigs, rabbits and sheep J Neurocytol 13 1984 49 71
165. E Ekblad R Sjuve A Arner F Sundler Enteric neuronal plasticity and a reduced number of interstitial cells of Cajal in hypertrophic rat ileum Gut 42 1998 836 844
166. CA Shaw RA Lanius K van den Doel The origin of synaptic neuroplasticity: crucial molecules or a dynamical cascade? Brain Res Rev 19 1994 241 263
167. M Canossa O Griesbeck B Berninger G Campana R Kolbeck H Thoenen Neurotrophin release by neurotrophins: implications for activity-dependent neuronal plasticity Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 1997 13279 13286
168. H Thoenen Neurotrophins and neuronal plasticity Science 270 1995 593 598
169. KA Sharkey PJ Codgins W Tetzlaff H Zwiers MA Bisby JS Davison Distribution of growth-associated protein, B-50 (GAP 43) in the mammalian enteric nervous system Neuroscience 38 1990 13 20
170. GL Ferri A Levi R Possenti A novel neuroendocrine gene product: selective VGF8a gene expression and immunolocalisation of the VGF protein in endocrine and neuronal populations Mol Brain Res 13 1992 139 143
171. H Kobayashi T Miyano A Yamataka GJ Lane T Fujimoto P Puri Use of synaptophysin polyclonal antibody for the rapid intraoperative immunohistochemical evaluation of functional bowel disorders J Pediatr Surg 32 1997 38 40
172. L. Hwang R Leichter A Okamoto D Payan SM Collins NW Bunnett Downregulation of neutral endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.11) in the inflamed rat intestine Am J Physiol 264 1993 G735 G743
173. K Nitahara A Kittel SD Liang ES Vizi A1-receptor-mediated effect of adenosine on the release of acetylcholine from the myenteric plexus: role and localization of ecto-ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase Neuroscience 67 1995 159 168
174. K Starke M Göthert H Kilbinger Modulation of neurotransmitter release by presynaptic autoreceptors Physiol Rev 69 1989 864 989
175. H Fuder E Muscholl Heteroreceptor-mediated modulation of noradrenaline and acetylcholine release from peripheral nerves Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 126 1995 265 412
176. J Grosche V Matayash T Moller A Verkhratsky A Reinchenbach H Kettenmann Microdomains for neuron-glia interaction: parallel fiber signaling to Bergmann glial cells Nature Neurosci 2 1999 139 143
177. M Hanani N Lasser-Ross Activity-dependent changes in intracellular calcium in myenteric neurons Am J Physiol 273 1997 G1359 G1363
178. S Chakrabarti TJ Wang AR Gintzler Chronic morphine augments adenylyl cyclase phosphorylation: relevance to altered signaling during tolerance/dependence Mol Pharmacol 54 1998 949 953
179. S Chakrabarti M Rivera SZ Yan WJ Tang AR Gintzler Chronic morphine augments Gbg/Gsa stimulation of adenylyl cyclase: relevance to opioid tolerance Mol Pharmacol 54 1998 655 662
180. CW Shuttleworth C Xue SM Ward J deVente KM Sanders Immunohistochemical localization of 3'-5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate in the canine proximal colon: responses to nitric oxide and electrical stimulation of enteric inhibitory neurons Neuroscience 56 1993 513 522
181. TM Jeitner PE Jarvie M Costa JAP Rostas PR Dunkley Protein phosphorylation in guinea-pig myenteric ganglia and brain: presence of calmodulin kinase II, protein kinase C and cyclic AMP kinase and characterization of major phosphoproteins Neuroscience 40 1991 555 569
182. H Pan HY Wang E Friedman MD Gershon Mediation by protein kinases C and A of Go-linked slow responses of enteric neurons to 5-HT J. Neurosci 17 1997 1011 1024
183. N Saitoh R Fujimoto T Ishii H Nishio T Takeuchi F Hata Muscarinic autoinhibition and modulatory role of protein kinase C in acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum Jpn J Pharmacol 74 1997 155 163
184. C Sternini M Spann B Anton DE Keith NW Bunnett M von Zastrow C Evans NC Brecha Agonist-selective endocytosis of mu opioid receptor by neurons in vivo Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93 1996 9241 9246
185. K McConalogue EF Grady J Minnis B Balestra M Tonini NC Brecha NW Bunnett C Sternini Activation and internalization of the mu-opioid receptor by the newly discovered endogenous agonists, endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 Neuroscience 90 1999 1051 1059
186. K McConalogue CU Corvera PD Gamp EF Grady NW Bunnett Desensitization of the neurokinin-1 recptor (NK1-R) in neurons: effects of substance P on the distribution of NK1-R, Galphaq/11, G-protein receptor kinase-2/3, and beta-arrestin-1/2 Mol Biol Cell 9 1998 2305 2324
187. EF Grady PD Gamp E Jones P Baluk DM McDonald DG Payan NW Bunnett Endocytosis and recycling of neurokinin 1 receptors in enteric neurons Neuroscience 79 1996 1239 1254
188. BR Southwell HL Woodman R Murphy SJ Royal JB Furness Characterization of substance P-induced endocytosis of NK1 receptors on enteric neurons Histochem Cell Biol 106 1996 563 571
189. BR Southwell HL Woodman SJ Royal JB Furness Movement of villi induces endocytosis of NK1 receptors in myenteric neurons from guinea-pig ileum Cell Tissue Res 292 1998 37 45
190. MT Liu A Kirchgessner Long-term potentiation in the enteric nervous system: role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (abstr) Gastroenterology 116 suppl 1999 A1031
191. EJ Parr KA Sharkey c- Fos - and JunB -immunoreactivities in the enteric nervous system of the guinea-pig ileum Neuroreport 5 1994 1657 1661
192. AL Kirchgessner H Tamir MD Gershon Identification and stimulation by serotonin of intrinsic sensory neurons of the submucosal plexus of the guinea-pig gut: activity-induced expression of Fos immunoreactivity J Neurosci 12 1992 235 248
193. RC Ritter M Costa SH Brookes Nuclear Fos immunoreactivity in guinea pig myenteric neurons following activation of motor activity Am J Physiol 273 1997 G498 G507
194. KA Sharkey EJ Parr CM Keenan Immediate-early gene expression in the inferior mesenteric ganglion and colonic myenteric plexus of the guinea pig J Neurosci 19 1999 2755 2764
195. R Dimaline SM Miller D Evans PJ Noble P Brown JA Poat Expression of immediate early genes in rat gastric myenteric neurones: a physiological response to feeding J Physiol (Lond) 488 1995 493 499
196. JB Furness WAA Kunze PP Bertrand N Clerc JC Bornstein Intrinsic primary afferent neurons of the intestine Prog Neurobiol 54 1998 1 18
197. N Clerc JB Furness WAA Kunze EA Thomas PP Bertrand Long-term effects of synaptic activation at low frequency on excitability of myenteric AH neurons Neuroscience 90 1999 279 289
198. RN Miftakov DL Wingate Electrical activity of the sensory afferent pathway in the enteric nervous system Biol Cybern 75 1996 471 483
199. MT Liu JD Rothstein MD Gershon AL Kirchgessner Glutamatergic enteric neurons J Neurosci 17 1997 4764 4784
200. AL Kirchgessner MT Liu F Alcantara Excitotoxicity in the enteric nervous system J Neurosci 17 1997 8804 8816
201. MT Liu KW Roche RJ Wenthold A Kirchgessner Agonist- and reflex-evoked internalization of the group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGLUR5, in neurochemically-identified enteric neurons (abstr) Gastroenterology 116 suppl 1999 A1031
202. JS Teitelbaum RJ Zatorre S Carpenter D Gendron AC Evans A Gjedde NR Cashman Neurologic sequelae of domoic acid intoxication due to the ingestion of contaminated mussels N Engl J Med 322 1990 1781 1787
203. JR Grider Tachykinins as transmitters of ascending contractile component of the peristaltic reflex Am J Physiol 257 1989 G709 G714
204. + channels in afferent neurones innervating rat urinary bladder following spinal cord injury J Physiol (Lond) 503 1997 269 276
205. S Korsching H Thoenen Nerve growth factor supply for sensory neurons: site of origin and competition with the sympathetic nervous system Neurosci Lett 54 1985 201 205
206. DA Taylor JA Leedham N Doak WW Fleming Morphine tolerance and nonspecific subsensitivity of the longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation of the guinea-pig to inhibitory agonists Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 338 1988 553 559
207. SM Johnson DP Westfall SA Howard WW Fleming Sensitivities of the isolated ileal longitudinal smooth muscle-myenteric plexus and hypogastric nerve-vas deferens of the guinea pig after chronic morphine pellet implantation J Pharmacol Exp Ther 204 1978 54 66
208. JQ Kong JA Leedham DA Taylor WW Fleming Evidence that tolerance and dependence of guinea pig myenteric neurons to opioids is a function of altered electrogenic sodium-potassium pumping J Pharmacol Exp Ther 280 1997 593 599
209. H Ammer V Nice J Lang R Schulz Regulation of G proteins by chronic opiate and clonidine treatment in the guinea-pig myenteric plexus J Pharmacol Exp Ther 258 1991 790 796
210. FS Roman B Truchet E Marchetti FA Chaillan B Soumireu-Mourat Correlations between electrophysiological observations of synaptic plasticity modifications and behavioral performance in mammals Prog Neurobiol 58 1999 61 87
211. GD Brown Operational terminology for stimulus exposure (SE) conditioning Behav Brain Res 95 1998 143 150
212. BF Skinner The behavior of organisms: an experimental analysis 1938 Appleton New York
213. G MacQueen J Marshall M Perdue S Siegel J Bienenstock Pavlovian conditioning of rat mucosal mast cells to secrete rat mast cell protease II Science 243 1989 83 85
214. JH Szurszewski SM Miller Physiology of prevertebral ganglia 3rd ed LR Johson Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract Volume 1 1994 Raven New York 795 877
215. WE Whitehead PF Renault I Goldiamond Modification of human gastric acid secretion with operant-conditioning procedures J Appl Behav Anal 8 1975 147 156
216. BB Walker CA Lawton CA Sandman Voluntary control of electrogastric activity Psychosom Med 40 1978 610 619
217. SSC Rao KD Welcher RE Pelsang Effects of biofeedback therapy on anorectal function in obstructive defecation Dig Dis Sci 42 1997 2197 2205
218. CY Ko J Tong RE Lehman AA Shelton TR Schrock ML Welton Biofeedback is effective therapy for fecal incontinence and constipation Arch Surg 132 1997 829 834
219. E Chiotakakou-Faliakou MA Kamm AJ Roy JB Storrie IC Turner Biofeedback provides long-term benefit for patients with intractable, slow and normal transit constipation Gut 42 1998 517 521
220. J Munakata B Naliboff F Harraf A Kodner T Lembo L Chang DHS Silverman EA Mayer Repetitive sigmoid stimulation induces rectal hyperalgesia in patients with irritable bowel syndrome Gastroenterology 112 1997 55 63
221. G Baranauskas A Nistri Sensitization of pain pathways in the spinal cord: cellular mechanisms Prog Neurobiol 54 1998 349 365
222. BD Naliboff J Munakata L Chang EA Mayer Toward a biobehavioral model of visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome J Psychosom Res 45 1998 485 492
223. WE Whitehead OS Palsson Is rectal pain sensitivity a biological marker for irritable bowel syndrome: psychological influences on pain perception Gastroenterology 115 1998 1263 1271
224. G Barbara BA Vallance SM Collins Persistent intestinal neuromuscular dysfunction after acute nematode infection in mice Gastroenterology 113 1997 1224 1232
225. SM Collins K McHugh K Jacobson I Khan R Riddell K Murase HP Weingarten Previous inflammation alters the response of the rat colon to stress Gastroenterology 111 1996 1509 1515
226. EA Mayer JC Marvizon Neurokinin 3 receptors in the gut: a new target for the treatment of visceral pain? Gastroenterology 116 1999 1250 1252
227. TS King M Elia JO Hunter Abnormal colonic fermentation in irritable bowel syndrome Lancet 352 1998 1187 1189
228. J Serra F Azpiroz JR Malagelada Intestinal gas dynamics and tolerance in humans Gastroenterology 115 1998 542 550
229. SY Yuan JB Furness JC Bornstein Post-stimulus depression of reflex changes in circular muscle activity in the guinea pig small intestine J Auton Nerv Syst 40 1992 171 180
230. R Nargeot M Moulins Sensory-induced plasticity of motor pattern selection in the lobster stomatogastric nervous system Eur J Neurosci 9 1997 1636 1645