Novel one-phase synthesis of thiol-functionalized gold, palladium, and iridium nanoparticles using superhydride

Langmuir

Volumn 15, Issue 10, 1999, Pages 3486-3491

  Yee, Chanel K ^a   Jordan, Rainer ^a   Ulman, Abraham ^a   White, Henry ^b   King, Alexander ^b   Rafailovich, Miriam ^b   Sokolov, Jonathan ^b  

^a POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Stony Brook   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; GOLD; HYDRIDES; IRIDIUM; LITHIUM COMPOUNDS; PALLADIUM; PARTICLES (PARTICULATE MATTER); THIN FILMS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

IRIDIUM NANOPARTICLES; ONE PHASE SYNTHESIS; TETRAHYDROFURAN;

SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

EID: 0032688150     PISSN: 07437463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/la990015e     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
2. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
3. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
4. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
5. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
6. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
7. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
8. The exponentially increasing number of publications demonstrates by itself the potential applications suitable for these new materials. For reviews on the different aspects refer to, e.g.: (a) Belloni, J. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 184. (b) Brust, L. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 2, 197. (c) Matijevi'c, E. Curr. Opin. Coll. Interface Sci. 1996, 1, 176. (d) Haberland, H., Ed. Clusters of atoms and molecules; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1994. (e) Clusters and Colloids. From Theory to Applications; Schmid, G., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1994. (f) Schmidt, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709. (g) Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693. (h) Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M., Eds. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1995.
9. (a) Kotov, N. A.; Dekany, I.; Fendler, J. H. J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 13065.
10. (b) Cusack, L.; Rizza, R.; Fitzmaurice, D. Angew. Chem. 1997, 36, 848.
11. (c) Smirnova, N. P.; Kryukov, A. I.; Ogenko, V. M. J. Mol. Struct. 1997, 408/409, 563.
12. (d) Khosravi, A. A.; Kundu, M.; Kulkarni, S. K. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 67, 2506.
13. (e) Mandal, B. M.; Banerjee, P. Macromolecules 1995, 28, 3940.
14. (f) Ko, M.-J.; Birnboim, M.; Plawsky, J. Adv. Mater. SEP 1997, 9, 909.
15. (g) Trindade, T.; O'Brien, P. Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 161.
16. (a) Seraphin, A. A.; Werwa, E.; Kolenbrander, K. D. J. Mater. Res. 1997, 12, 338.
17. (b) Gorla, C. R.; Liang, S.; Lu, Y. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1997, 15, 860.
18. (c) Tanenbaum, D. M.; Laracuente, A. L.; Gallagher, A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 1705.
19. (d) Cabarrocas, P. R.; Gay, P.; Hadjadj, A. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1996, 14, 655.
20. (e) Powell, A. R.; LeGoues, F. K.; Iyer, S. S. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 1994, 33, 2392.
21. (f) Koos, K.; Picsik, I.; Vazonyi, E. B. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1993, 62, 1797.
22. (a) Tomanek, D.; Kim, S. G.; Hilf, E. R. Z. Phys. D 1997, 40, 539.
23. (b) Ho, J. C.; Hamdeh, H. H.; Oliver, S. A. Phys. Rev B: Condens. Matter. 1996, 52, 10122.
24. (c) Pillai, V.; Kumar, P.; Multani, M. S. Colloids Surf. 1993, 80, 69.
25. (d) Ho, J. C.; Hamdeh, H. H.; Oliver, S. A. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter 1995, 52, 10122.
26. (e) Bakuzis, A. F.; Morais, P. C.; Tourinho, F. A. J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A. 1996, 122, 100.
27. (f) Wernsdorfer, W.; Orozco, E.; B.; Barbara, B. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1997, 79, 4014.
28. Seshadri, R.; Sen, R.; Rao, C. N. R. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1994, 231, 308.
29. (a) Platonova, O. A.; Bronstein, L. M.; Antonietti, M. Colloid Polym. Sci.: Kolloid-Zeitschrift 1997, 275, 426.
30. (b) Osuna, J.; de Caro, D.; Fert, A. J. Phys. Chem, 1996, 100, 14571.
31. (c) Watanabe, M.; Lizuka, F.; Asada, M. Japan. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 1995, 34, 4380.
32. (a) Ayyappan, S.; Subbanna, G. N.; Rao, C. N. R. Solid State Ionics 1996, 84, 271.
33. (b) Ayyappan, S.; Rao, C. N. R. Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. 1996, 33, 737.
34. (c) Chatterjee, A.; Chakravorty, D. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1992, 60, 138.
35. (a) Yeadon, M.; Yang, J. C.; Gibson, J. M. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1997, 71, 1631.
36. (b) Qi, J.; Ma, J.; Shen, J. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1997, 186, 498.
37. (c) Huang, H. H.; Xu, G. Q.; Ji, W. Langmuir 1997, 13, 172.
38. (d) Suryanarayanan, R.; Frey, C. A.; Buhro, W. E. J. Mater. Res. 1996, 11, 449.
39. (e) Bigot, J.-Y.; Merle, J.-C.; Daunois, A. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1995, 75, 4702.
40. (f) Tanori, J.; Pileni, M. P.; Adv. Mater 1995, 7, 862.
41. Kimura, K. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 183, 607.
42. Poirier, G. E.; Hance, B. K.; White, J. M. J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 6500.
43. (a) Miller, J. M.; Dunn, B.; Pekala, R. W. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 144, L309.
44. (b) Nashner, M. S.; Frenkel, A. I.; Nuzzo, R. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7760.
45. (a) Fan, H.; Zhou, Y.; Lopez, P. Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 728.
46. (b) Giersig, M.; Ung, T.; Mulvaney, P. Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 570.
47. (c) Sato, T.; Ahmed, H.; Johnson, B. P. G. J. Appl. Phys. 1997, 82, 696.
48. (d) Yonezawa, T.; Sutoh, M.; Kunitake, T. Chem. Lett. 1997, 619.
49. (e) Majumdar, D.; Kodas, T. T.; Glicksman, H. D. Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 1020.
50. (f) Foss, C. A.; Hornyak, G. L.; Stockert, J. A. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 2963.
51. (g) Badia, A.; Gao, W.; Reven, L. Langmuir 1996, 12, 1262.
52. (h) Badia, A.; Demers, L.; Reven, L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 11104.
53. (i) Reven, L J. Mol. Catal. 1994, 56, 447.
54. (a) Evenson, S. A. Badyal, J. P. S. Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 1097.
55. (b) Penner, R. M.; Li, W.; Hsiao, G. S. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 20103.
56. (c) Gotschy, W.; Vonmetz, K; Aussenegg, F. R.; Opt. Lett. 1996, 21, 1099.
57. (d) Korgel, B. A.; Fullam, S.; Connolly, S.; Fitzmaurice, D. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 3379.
58. (a) Brust, M.; Walker, M.; Bethell, D.; Schiffrin, D. J.; Whyman, R. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994, 801.
59. (b) Brust, M.; Fink, J.; Bethell, D.; Schiffrin, D. J.; Kiely, C. J. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1995, 1655.
60. (c) Brust, M.; Bethell, D.; Schiffrin, D. J.; Kiely, C. J. J. Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 795.
61. (d) Bethell, D.; Brust, M.; Schiffrin, D. J.; Kiely, C. J. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1996, 409, 137.
62. (a) Hostelter, M. J.; Green, S. J.; Stokes, J. J.; Murray, R. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 4212.
63. (b) Andres, R. P.; Bielefeld, J. D.; Henderson, J. I.; Janes, D. B.; Kolagunta, V. R.; Kubiak, C. P.; Mahoney, W. J.; Osifchin, R. G. Science 1996, 273, 1690.
64. (c) Ingram, R. S.; Hostetler, M. J.; Murray, R. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 9175.
65. (a) Johnson, S. R.; Evans, S. D.; Mahon, S. W.; Ulman, A. Langmuir 1997, 13, 51.
66. (b) Buining, P. A.; Humbel, B. M.; Philipse, A. P.; Verkleij, A. J. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3921.
67. (c) Reference 14c.
68. Lin, H.; Jordan, R.; Ulman, A. Manuscript in prepration.
69. Hostetler, M. J.; Wingate, J. E.; Zhong, C.-J.; Harris, J. E.; Vachet, R. W.; Clark, M. R.; Londono, J. D.; Green, S. J.; Stokes, J. J.; Wingall, G. D.; Glish, G. L.; Porter, M. D.; Evans, N. D.; Murray, R. W. Langmuir 1998, 14, 17.
70. This simple method was found to produce well-ordered opals from similar (alkanethiol functionalized gold nanoparticles) materials of various particle size dispersities; see: (a) Ohara, P. C.; Leff, D.; Heath, J. R.; Gelbart, W. M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1995, 75, 3466.
71. (b) Korgel, B. A.; Fitzmaurice, D. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1998, 80, 3531.
72. (a) Reference 9.
73. (b) Luedtke, W. D.; Landman, U. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 13323.
74. Upon closer inspection, a series of individual measurements revealed a particle center-to-center distance of 3.75 to 6.25 nm. However, the variation is obviously caused by the random orientation of the gold particles relative to the plane of projection and does not represent differences in the interparticle order.
75. Hostelter, M. J.; Stokes, J. J.; Murray, R. W. Langmuir 1996, 12, 3604.
76. Badia, A.; Cuccia, L.; Demers, L.; Morin, F.; Lennox, R. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 2682.
77. For review on SAMs of thiols on gold see: (a) Ulman, A. An Introduction to Ultrathin Organic Films: From Langmuir-Blodgett to Self-Assembly, Academic Press: Boston, MA, 1991. (b) Ulman, A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 1533.
78. For review on SAMs of thiols on gold see: (a) Ulman, A. An Introduction to Ultrathin Organic Films: From Langmuir-Blodgett to Self-Assembly, Academic Press: Boston, MA, 1991. (b) Ulman, A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 1533.
79. Weers, J. G.; Scheuring, D. R. In Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Colloid and Interface Science; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1990.
80. We have carried out so far synthesis of octadecanethiol-functionalized gold nanoparticles using five different thiol:Au ratios in three different temperatures. The splitting reported here has been consistently observed only in samples prepared at room temperature using a 1:1 RSH:Au ratio.
81. Clearly, more detailed investigations are necessary in order to address the precise packing behavior as well as the nature of the interdigitation process. Studies of the influence of particle size, alkyl chain length, effect of substitutions, and temperature-dependent FT-IR spectroscopy experiments are currently ongoing. At this point only the most striking features and discrepancies of our results which reported once are discussed. A full spectra analysis for all obtained compounds, their dependence on the synthesis, and sample preparation methods will be given in a detailed account.
82. Jordan, R., Ulman, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc 1998, 120, 243.
83. Hidber, P. C.; Helbig, W.; Kim, E.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1996, 12, 1375.