SCOPUS 정보 검색 플랫폼

Angewandte Chemie - International Edition

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 402-428

Electroluminescent Conjugated Polymers - Seeing Polymers in a New Light

(3) Kraft, Arno c Grimsdale, Andrew C a Holmes, Andrew B a,b

a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE (United Kingdom)

b Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis (United Kingdom)

c HEINRICH HEINE UNIVERSITY (Germany)

Author keywords

Conjugation; Electrochemistry; Luminescence; Materials science; Polymers

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032473366 PISSN: 14337851 EISSN: None Source Type: Journal
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19980302)37:4<402::AID-ANIE402>3.0.CO;2-9 Document Type: Review

Times cited : (3207)

References (328)

1
- 0025498642
- J. H. Burroughes, D. D. C. Bradley, A. R. Brown, R. N. Marks, K. MacKay, R. H. Friend, P. L. Burn, A. B. Holmes, Nature 1990, 347, 539-541.
- (1990) Nature , vol.347 , pp. 539-541
- Burroughes, J.H.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Brown, A.R.³ Marks, R.N.⁴ MacKay, K.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶ Burn, P.L.⁷ Holmes, A.B.⁸

2
- 0029277971
- P. May, Phys. World 1995, 8(3), 52-57.
- (1995) Phys. World , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 52-57
- May, P.¹

3
- 21544459113
- C. W. Tang, S. A. Van Slyke, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1987, 51, 913-915.
- (1987) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.51 , pp. 913-915
- Tang, C.W.¹ Van Slyke, S.A.²

4
- 0023962291
- C. Adachi, S. Tokito, T. Tsutsui, S. Saito, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1988, 28, L269-L271.
- (1988) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.28
- Adachi, C.¹ Tokito, S.² Tsutsui, T.³ Saito, S.⁴

5
- 0029790625
- R. F. Service, Science 1996, 273, 878-880.
- (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 878-880
- Service, R.F.¹

6
- 0006105143
- Wissenschaft-und-Technik-Verlag, Berlin
- H. Nakada, T. Tohma, Inorganic and Organic Electroluminescence, Wissenschaft-und-Technik-Verlag, Berlin, 1996, pp. 385-390
- (1996) Inorganic and Organic Electroluminescence , pp. 385-390
- Nakada, H.¹ Tohma, T.²

7
- 0023866120
- A. O. Patil, A. J. Heeger, F. Wudl, Chem. Rev. 1988, 88, 183-200.
- (1988) Chem. Rev. , vol.88 , pp. 183-200
- Patil, A.O.¹ Heeger, A.J.² Wudl, F.³

8
- 0002572671
- R. H. Friend, D. D. C. Bradley, A. B. Holmes, Phys. World 1992, 5 (11), 42-46.
- (1992) Phys. World , vol.5 , Issue.11 , pp. 42-46
- Friend, R.H.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Holmes, A.B.³

9
- 0000903144
- D. Bradley, Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 1996, 1, 789-797.
- (1996) Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. , vol.1 , pp. 789-797
- Bradley, D.¹

10
- 0027579470
- th 57
- th 57, 4031-4040.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.141 , pp. 4031-4040
- Holmes, A.B.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Brown, A.R.³ Burn, P.L.⁴ Burroughes, J.H.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶ Greenham, N.C.⁷ Gymer, R.W.⁸ Halliday, D.A.⁹ Jackson, R.W.¹⁰ Kraft, A.¹¹ Martens, J.H.F.¹² Pichler, K.¹³ Samuel, I.D.W.¹⁴

11
- 0347258599
- th
- th), 33-37.
- (1994) New Sci. , vol.141 , pp. 33-37
- Fox, K.C.¹

12
- 0028539272
- D. R. Baigent, N. C. Greenham, J. Grüner, R. N. Marks, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Synth. Met. 1994, 67, 3-10.
- (1994) Synth. Met. , vol.67 , pp. 3-10
- Baigent, D.R.¹ Greenham, N.C.² Grüner, J.³ Marks, R.N.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Moratti, S.C.⁶ Holmes, A.B.⁷

13
- 0040178073
- P. Yam, Sci. Am. 1995, 273, (1), 74-79.
- (1995) Sci. Am. , vol.273 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-79
- Yam, P.¹

14
- 1542515852
- N. C. Greenham, R. H. Friend, Solid State Phys. 1995, 49, 1-149.
- (1995) Solid State Phys. , vol.49 , pp. 1-149
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Friend, R.H.²

15
- 0030455335
- R. W. Gymer, Endeavour 1996, 20, 115-120.
- (1996) Endeavour , vol.20 , pp. 115-120
- Gymer, R.W.¹

16
- 0030411845
- L. J. Rothberg, A. J. Lovinger, J. Mater. Res. 1996, 11, 3174-3187.
- (1996) J. Mater. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 3174-3187
- Rothberg, L.J.¹ Lovinger, A.J.²

17
- 0000829491
- J. Salbeck, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 1666-1677.
- (1996) Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. , vol.100 , pp. 1666-1677
- Salbeck, J.¹

18
- 0003589490
- Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
- W. R. Salaneck, S. Stafström, J.-L. Brédas, Conjugated Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996.
- (1996) Conjugated Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces
- Salaneck, W.R.¹ Stafström, S.² Brédas, J.-L.³

19
- 9444296051
- J. R. Sheats, H. Antoniadis, M. Hueschen, W. Leonard, J. Miller, R. Moon, D. Roitman, A. Stocking, Science 1996, 273, 884-888.
- (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 884-888
- Sheats, J.R.¹ Antoniadis, H.² Hueschen, M.³ Leonard, W.⁴ Miller, J.⁵ Moon, R.⁶ Roitman, D.⁷ Stocking, A.⁸

20
- 0030164126
- A. J. Lovinger, L. J. Rothberg, J. Mater. Res. 1996, 11, 1581-1592.
- (1996) J. Mater. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 1581-1592
- Lovinger, A.J.¹ Rothberg, L.J.²

21
- 0030262367
- W. J. Feast, J. Tsibouklis, K. L. Pouwer, L. Groenendaal, E. W. Meijer, Polymer 1996, 37, 5017-5047.
- (1996) Polymer , vol.37 , pp. 5017-5047
- Feast, W.J.¹ Tsibouklis, J.² Pouwer, K.L.³ Groenendaal, L.⁴ Meijer, E.W.⁵

22
- 4243674697
- Y. Yang, MRS Bull. 1997, 22(6), 31-38.
- (1997) MRS Bull. , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 31-38
- Yang, Y.¹

23
- 0030678215
- R. H. Friend, G. J. Denton, J. J. M. Halls, N. T. Harrison, A. B. Holmes, A. Köhler, A. Lux, S. C. Moratti, K. Pichler, N. Tessler, C. Towns, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 463-470.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 463-470
- Friend, R.H.¹ Denton, G.J.² Halls, J.J.M.³ Harrison, N.T.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵ Köhler, A.⁶ Lux, A.⁷ Moratti, S.C.⁸ Pichler, K.⁹ Tessler, N.¹⁰ Towns, C.¹¹

24
- 0030653393
- M. A. Díaz-García, F. Hide, B. J. Schwartz, M. R. Andersson, Q. Pei, A. J. Heeger, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 455-462.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 455-462
- Díaz-García, M.A.¹ Hide, F.² Schwartz, B.J.³ Andersson, M.R.⁴ Pei, Q.⁵ Heeger, A.J.⁶

25
- 6544219965
- (Dow Chemical), US-B 3401152, 1968
- R. A. Wessling, R. G. Zimmerman (Dow Chemical), US-B 3401152, 1968 [Chem. Abstr. 1968, 69, 87735q].
- (1968) Chem. Abstr. , vol.69
- Wessling, R.A.¹ Zimmerman, R.G.²

26
- 0022212123
- R. A. Wessling, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Symp. 1985, 72, 55-66.
- (1985) J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Symp. , vol.72 , pp. 55-66
- Wessling, R.A.¹

27
- 0024104519
- R. W. Lenz, C.-C. Han, J. Stenger-Smith, F. E. Karasz, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. 1988, 26, 3241-3249.
- (1988) J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. , vol.26 , pp. 3241-3249
- Lenz, R.W.¹ Han, C.-C.² Stenger-Smith, J.³ Karasz, F.E.⁴

28
- 37049090006
- P. L. Burn, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, D. A. Halliday, A. B. Holmes, R. W. Jackson, A. Kraft. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1992, 3225-3231.
- (1992) J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 , pp. 3225-3231
- Burn, P.L.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Friend, R.H.³ Halliday, D.A.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵ Jackson, R.W.⁶ Kraft, A.⁷

29
- 0041944283
- R. O. Garay, U. Baier, C. Bubeck, K. Müllen, Adv. Mater. 1993, 5, 561-564.
- (1993) Adv. Mater. , vol.5 , pp. 561-564
- Garay, R.O.¹ Baier, U.² Bubeck, C.³ Müllen, K.⁴

30
- 0026914914
- F. R. Denton, P. M. Lahti, F. E. Karasz, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. 1992, 30, 2223-2231.
- (1992) J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. , vol.30 , pp. 2223-2231
- Denton, F.R.¹ Lahti, P.M.² Karasz, F.E.³

31
- 0027559390
- D. A. Halliday, P. L. Burn, R. H. Friend, D. D. C. Bradley, A. B. Holmes, Synth. Met. 1993, 55, 902-907.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.55 , pp. 902-907
- Halliday, D.A.¹ Burn, P.L.² Friend, R.H.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵

32
- 0000888915
- F. Papadimitrakopoulos, K. Konstadinidis, T. M. Miller, R. Opila, E. A. Chandross, M. E. Galvin, Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 1563-1568.
- (1994) Chem. Mater. , vol.6 , pp. 1563-1568
- Papadimitrakopoulos, F.¹ Konstadinidis, K.² Miller, T.M.³ Opila, R.⁴ Chandross, E.A.⁵ Galvin, M.E.⁶

33
- 84972914863
- F. Papadimitrakopoulos, M. Yan, L. J. Rothberg, H. E. Katz, E. A. Chandross, M. E. Galvin, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1994, 256, 663-669.
- (1994) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , vol.256 , pp. 663-669
- Papadimitrakopoulos, F.¹ Yan, M.² Rothberg, L.J.³ Katz, H.E.⁴ Chandross, E.A.⁵ Galvin, M.E.⁶

34
- 0030149135
- V. H. Tran, V. Massardier, T. P. Nguyen, J. Davenas, Polymer 1996, 37, 2061-2065.
- (1996) Polymer , vol.37 , pp. 2061-2065
- Tran, V.H.¹ Massardier, V.² Nguyen, T.P.³ Davenas, J.⁴

35
- 0028750006
- H. H. Kim, R. G. Swartz, Y. Ota, T. K. Woodward, M. D. Feuer, W. L. Wilson, J. Lightwave Technol. 1994, 12, 2114-2120.
- (1994) J. Lightwave Technol. , vol.12 , pp. 2114-2120
- Kim, H.H.¹ Swartz, R.G.² Ota, Y.³ Woodward, T.K.⁴ Feuer, M.D.⁵ Wilson, W.L.⁶

36
- 84985580830
- M. Herold, J. Gmeiner, M. Schwoerer, Acta Polym. 1994, 45, 392-395.
- (1994) Acta Polym. , vol.45 , pp. 392-395
- Herold, M.¹ Gmeiner, J.² Schwoerer, M.³

37
- 0029753552
- M. Herold, J. Gmeiner, W. Riess, M. Schwoerer, Synth. Met. 1996, 76, 109-112.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.76 , pp. 109-112
- Herold, M.¹ Gmeiner, J.² Riess, W.³ Schwoerer, M.⁴

38
- 0026932563
- A. Beerden, D. Vanderzande, J. Gelan, Synth. Met. 1992, 52, 387-394.
- (1992) Synth. Met. , vol.52 , pp. 387-394
- Beerden, A.¹ Vanderzande, D.² Gelan, J.³

39
- 0024768356
- Y. Nishikata, M. Kakimoto, Y. Imai, Thin Solid Films 1989, 179, 191-197.
- (1989) Thin Solid Films , vol.179 , pp. 191-197
- Nishikata, Y.¹ Kakimoto, M.² Imai, Y.³

40
- 0003079203
- A. Wu, M. Jikei, M. Kakimoto, Y. Imai, S. Ukishima, Y. Takahashi, Chem. Lett. 1994, 2319-2322.
- (1994) Chem. Lett. , pp. 2319-2322
- Wu, A.¹ Jikei, M.² Kakimoto, M.³ Imai, Y.⁴ Ukishima, S.⁵ Takahashi, Y.⁶

41
- 0029290791
- J. H. Kim, Y. K. Kim, B. C. Sohn, D.-Y. Kang, J.-I. Jin, C.-H. Kim, C.-H. Pyun, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2023-2024.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2023-2024
- Kim, J.H.¹ Kim, Y.K.² Sohn, B.C.³ Kang, D.-Y.⁴ Jin, J.-I.⁵ Kim, C.-H.⁶ Pyun, C.-H.⁷

42
- 0029373484
- A. Wu, M. Kakimoto, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 812-814.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 812-814
- Wu, A.¹ Kakimoto, M.²

43
- 0029210029
- A. Wu, M. Jikei, M. Kakimoto, Y. Imai, S. Ukishima, Y. Takahashi, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1995, 267, 441-446.
- (1995) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , vol.267 , pp. 441-446
- Wu, A.¹ Jikei, M.² Kakimoto, M.³ Imai, Y.⁴ Ukishima, S.⁵ Takahashi, Y.⁶

44
- 0030970929
- R. C. Smith, W. M. Fischer, D. L. Gin, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 4092-4093.
- (1997) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.119 , pp. 4092-4093
- Smith, R.C.¹ Fischer, W.M.² Gin, D.L.³

45
- 0026923193
- F. Louwet, D. Vanderzande, J. Gelan, Synth. Met. 1992, 52, 125-130.
- (1992) Synth. Met. , vol.52 , pp. 125-130
- Louwet, F.¹ Vanderzande, D.² Gelan, J.³

46
- 0029275967
- F. Louwet, D. Vanderzande, J. Gelan. Synth. Met. 1995, 69, 509-510.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.69 , pp. 509-510
- Louwet, F.¹ Vanderzande, D.² Gelan, J.³

47
- 0029249023
- F. Louwet, D. Vanderzande, J. Gelan, J. Mullens, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 1330-1331.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 1330-1331
- Louwet, F.¹ Vanderzande, D.² Gelan, J.³ Mullens, J.⁴

48
- 0010295405
- S. Son, A. J. Lovinger, M. E. Galvin, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1995, 72, 567-568.
- (1995) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. , vol.72 , pp. 567-568
- Son, S.¹ Lovinger, A.J.² Galvin, M.E.³

49
- 0028544375
- E. G. J. Staring, D. Braun, G. L. J. A. Rikken, R. J. C. E. Demandt, Y. A. R. R. Kessener, M. Bouwmans, D. Broer, Synth. Met. 1994, 67, 71-75.
- (1994) Synth. Met. , vol.67 , pp. 71-75
- Staring, E.G.J.¹ Braun, D.² Rikken, G.L.J.A.³ Demandt, R.J.C.E.⁴ Kessener, Y.A.R.R.⁵ Bouwmans, M.⁶ Broer, D.⁷

50
- 0001933634
- S. Iwatsuki, M. Kubo, T. Kumeuchi, Chem. Lett. 1991, 1971-1974.
- (1991) Chem. Lett. , pp. 1971-1974
- Iwatsuki, S.¹ Kubo, M.² Kumeuchi, T.³

51
- 0030205549
- O. Schäfer, A. Greiner, J. Pommerehne, W. Guss, H. Vestweber, H. Y. Tak, H. Bässler, C. Schmidt, G. Lüssem, B. Schartel, V. Stümpflen, J. H. Wendorff, S. Spiegel, C. Möller, H. W. Spiess, Synth. Met. 1996, 82, 1-9.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.82 , pp. 1-9
- Schäfer, O.¹ Greiner, A.² Pommerehne, J.³ Guss, W.⁴ Vestweber, H.⁵ Tak, H.Y.⁶ Bässler, H.⁷ Schmidt, C.⁸ Lüssem, G.⁹ Schartel, B.¹⁰ Stümpflen, V.¹¹ Wendorff, J.H.¹² Spiegel, S.¹³ Möller, C.¹⁴ Spiess, H.W.¹⁵

52
- 0030128836
- W.-P. Chang, W.-T. Whang, P.-W. Lin, Polymer 1996, 37, 1513-1518.
- (1996) Polymer , vol.37 , pp. 1513-1518
- Chang, W.-P.¹ Whang, W.-T.² Lin, P.-W.³

53
- 0001178101
- Y.-J. Miao, G. C. Bazan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 9379-9380.
- (1994) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.116 , pp. 9379-9380
- Miao, Y.-J.¹ Bazan, G.C.²

54
- 84953988156
- V. P. Conticello, D. L. Gin, R. H. Grubbs, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 9708-9710.
- (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.114 , pp. 9708-9710
- Conticello, V.P.¹ Gin, D.L.² Grubbs, R.H.³

55
- 0028446493
- N. C. Greenham, R. H. Friend, D. D. C. Bradley, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 491-494.
- (1994) Adv. Mater. , vol.6 , pp. 491-494
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Friend, R.H.² Bradley, D.D.C.³

56
- 0000997624
- H. Becker, S. E. Burns, R. H. Friend, Phys. Rev. B 1997, 56, 1893-1905.
- (1997) Phys. Rev. B , vol.56 , pp. 1893-1905
- Becker, H.¹ Burns, S.E.² Friend, R.H.³

57
- 0038171700
- P. L. Burn, A. B. Holmes, A. Kraft, A. R. Brown, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1992, 247, 647-654.
- (1992) Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.247 , pp. 647-654
- Burn, P.L.¹ Holmes, A.B.² Kraft, A.³ Brown, A.R.⁴ Bradley, D.D.C.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶

58
- 0043186596
- N. C. Greenham, R. H. Friend, A. R. Brown, D. D. C. Bradley, K. Pichler, P. L. Burn, A. Kraft, A. B. Holmes, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1993, 1910, 84-91.
- (1993) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.1910 , pp. 84-91
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Friend, R.H.² Brown, A.R.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Pichler, K.⁵ Burn, P.L.⁶ Kraft, A.⁷ Holmes, A.B.⁸

59
- 0030129014
- I. A. Hümmelgen, Y. D. Yadava, L. S. Roman, A. C. Arias, M. R. Fernandes, F. C. Nart. Bull. Mater. Sci. 1996, 19, 423-427.
- (1996) Bull. Mater. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 423-427
- Hümmelgen, I.A.¹ Yadava, Y.D.² Roman, L.S.³ Arias, A.C.⁴ Fernandes, M.R.⁵ Nart, F.C.⁶

60
- 0029713243
- M. Meier, M. Cölle, S. Karg, E. Buchwald, J. Gmeiner, W. Riess, M. Schwoerer, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1996, 283, 197-202.
- (1996) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , vol.283 , pp. 197-202
- Meier, M.¹ Cölle, M.² Karg, S.³ Buchwald, E.⁴ Gmeiner, J.⁵ Riess, W.⁶ Schwoerer, M.⁷

61
- 0006729962
- A. C. Fou, O. Onitsuka, M. Ferreira, D. Howie, M. F. Rubner, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1995, 72, 160-161.
- (1995) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. , vol.72 , pp. 160-161
- Fou, A.C.¹ Onitsuka, O.² Ferreira, M.³ Howie, D.⁴ Rubner, M.F.⁵

62
- 0029216957
- A. C. Fou, O. Onitsuka, M. Ferreira, M. F. Rubner, B. R. Hsieh, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1995, 369, 575-580.
- (1995) Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.369 , pp. 575-580
- Fou, A.C.¹ Onitsuka, O.² Ferreira, M.³ Rubner, M.F.⁴ Hsieh, B.R.⁵

63
- 0029254343
- M. Onoda, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 34, L260-L263.
- (1995) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.34
- Onoda, M.¹ Yoshino, K.²

64
- 0029393107
- M. Onoda, K. Yoshino, J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 78, 4456-4462.
- (1995) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.78 , pp. 4456-4462
- Onoda, M.¹ Yoshino, K.²

65
- 0030145261
- A. C. Fou, O. Onitsuka, M. Ferreira, M. F. Rubner, B. R. Hsieh, J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 79, 7501-7509.
- (1996) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.79 , pp. 7501-7509
- Fou, A.C.¹ Onitsuka, O.² Ferreira, M.³ Rubner, M.F.⁴ Hsieh, B.R.⁵

66
- 0029695221
- M. Ferreira, O. Onitsuka, A. C. Fou, B. Hsieh, M. F. Rubner, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1996, 413, 49-54.
- (1996) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.413 , pp. 49-54
- Ferreira, M.¹ Onitsuka, O.² Fou, A.C.³ Hsieh, B.⁴ Rubner, M.F.⁵

67
- 0031069567
- D. Yoo, A. Wu, J. Lee, M. F. Rubner, Synth. Met. 1997, 85, 1425-1426.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.85 , pp. 1425-1426
- Yoo, D.¹ Wu, A.² Lee, J.³ Rubner, M.F.⁴

68
- 21544460115
- A. R. Brown, D. D. C. Bradley, J. H. Burroughes, R. H. Friend, N. C. Greenham, P. L. Burn, A. B. Holmes, A. Kraft, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1992, 61, 2793-2795.
- (1992) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.61 , pp. 2793-2795
- Brown, A.R.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Burroughes, J.H.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Greenham, N.C.⁵ Burn, P.L.⁶ Holmes, A.B.⁷ Kraft, A.⁸

69
- 0029277691
- M. Strukelj, F. Papadimitrakopoulos, T. M. Miller, L. J. Rothberg, Science 1995, 267, 1969-1972.
- (1995) Science , vol.267 , pp. 1969-1972
- Strukelj, M.¹ Papadimitrakopoulos, F.² Miller, T.M.³ Rothberg, L.J.⁴

70
- 0029304777
- Y. Yang, Q. Pei, J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 77, 4807-4809.
- (1995) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.77 , pp. 4807-4809
- Yang, Y.¹ Pei, Q.²

71
- 1842782157
- X.-C. Li, M. Giles, J. Grüner, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1995, 72, 463-464.
- (1995) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. , vol.72 , pp. 463-464
- Li, X.-C.¹ Giles, M.² Grüner, J.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵ Moratti, S.C.⁶

72
- 0029386609
- E. Buchwald, M. Meier, S. Karg, P. Pösch, H.-W. Schmidt, P. Strohriegl, W. Riess, M. Schwoerer, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 839-842.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 839-842
- Buchwald, E.¹ Meier, M.² Karg, S.³ Pösch, P.⁴ Schmidt, H.-W.⁵ Strohriegl, P.⁶ Riess, W.⁷ Schwoerer, M.⁸

73
- 37049076755
- X.-C. Li, A. B. Holmes, A. Kraft, S. C. Moratti, G. C. W. Spencer, F. Cacialli, J. Grüner, R. H. Friend, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1995, 2211-2212.
- (1995) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. , pp. 2211-2212
- Li, X.-C.¹ Holmes, A.B.² Kraft, A.³ Moratti, S.C.⁴ Spencer, G.C.W.⁵ Cacialli, F.⁶ Grüner, J.⁷ Friend, R.H.⁸

74
- 0029405632
- X.-C. Li, F. Cacialli, M. Giles, J. Grüner, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, T. M. Yong, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 898-900.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 898-900
- Li, X.-C.¹ Cacialli, F.² Giles, M.³ Grüner, J.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Holmes, A.B.⁶ Moratti, S.C.⁷ Yong, T.M.⁸

75
- 0029776253
- X.-C. Li, G. C. W. Spencer, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, F. Cacialli, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1996, 76, 153-156.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.76 , pp. 153-156
- Li, X.-C.¹ Spencer, G.C.W.² Holmes, A.B.³ Moratti, S.C.⁴ Cacialli, F.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶

76
- 0029638223
- M. Strukelj, T. M. Miller, F. Papadimitrakopoulos, S. Son, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11 976-11 983.
- (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.117 , pp. 11976-11983
- Strukelj, M.¹ Miller, T.M.² Papadimitrakopoulos, F.³ Son, S.⁴

77
- 0029755168
- M. Meier, E. Buchwald, S. Karg, P. Pösch, M. Greczmiel, P. Strohriegl, W. Riess, Synth. Met. 1996, 76, 95-99.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.76 , pp. 95-99
- Meier, M.¹ Buchwald, E.² Karg, S.³ Pösch, P.⁴ Greczmiel, M.⁵ Strohriegl, P.⁶ Riess, W.⁷

78
- 0027577116
- S. Doi, M. Kuwabara, T. Noguchi, T. Ohnishi, Synth. Met. 1993, 57, 4174-4179.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.57 , pp. 4174-4179
- Doi, S.¹ Kuwabara, M.² Noguchi, T.³ Ohnishi, T.⁴

79
- 18944392266
- D. Braun, A. J. Heeger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1991, 58, 1982-1984.
- (1991) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.58 , pp. 1982-1984
- Braun, D.¹ Heeger, A.J.²

80
- 0026255555
- D. Braun, A. J. Heeger, H. Kroemer, J. Electron. Mater. 1991, 20, 945-948.
- (1991) J. Electron. Mater. , vol.20 , pp. 945-948
- Braun, D.¹ Heeger, A.J.² Kroemer, H.³

81
- 0002747205
- A. R. Brown, N. C. Greenham, J. H. Burroughes, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, P. L. Burn, A. Kraft, A. B. Holmes, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1992, 200, 46-54.
- (1992) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.200 , pp. 46-54
- Brown, A.R.¹ Greenham, N.C.² Burroughes, J.H.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Burn, P.L.⁶ Kraft, A.⁷ Holmes, A.B.⁸

82
- 0642272271
- N. C. Greenham, A. R. Brown, J. H. Burroughes, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, P. L. Burn, A. Kraft, A. B. Holmes, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1993, 1910, 111-119.
- (1993) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.1910 , pp. 111-119
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Brown, A.R.² Burroughes, J.H.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Burn, P.L.⁶ Kraft, A.⁷ Holmes, A.B.⁸

83
- 0026881230
- G. Gustafsson, Y. Cao, G. M. Treacy, F. Klavetter, N. Colaneri, A. J. Heeger, Nature 1992, 357, 477-479.
- (1992) Nature , vol.357 , pp. 477-479
- Gustafsson, G.¹ Cao, Y.² Treacy, G.M.³ Klavetter, F.⁴ Colaneri, N.⁵ Heeger, A.J.⁶

84
- 0009740319
- (UNIAX), WO-B 92/16023, 1992
- A. J. Heeger, D. Braun (UNIAX), WO-B 92/16023, 1992 [Chem. Abstr. 1993, 118, 157401j].
- (1993) Chem. Abstr. , vol.118
- Heeger, A.J.¹ Braun, D.²

85
- 0027557944
- G. J. Sarnecki, P. L. Burn, A. Kraft, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, Synth. Met. 1993, 55, 914-917.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.55 , pp. 914-917
- Sarnecki, G.J.¹ Burn, P.L.² Kraft, A.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵

86
- 1842782156
- F. Wudl, P. M. Allemand, G. Srdanov, Z. Ni, D. McBranch, ACS Symp. Ser. 1991, 455; F. Wudl (University of California), US-B 5189 136, 1990 [Chem. Abstr. 1993, 118, 255575p].
- (1991) ACS Symp. Ser. , vol.455
- Wudl, F.¹ Allemand, P.M.² Srdanov, G.³ Ni, Z.⁴ McBranch, D.⁵

87
- 0000262652
- (University of California), US-B 5189 136, 1990
- F. Wudl, P. M. Allemand, G. Srdanov, Z. Ni, D. McBranch, ACS Symp. Ser. 1991, 455; F. Wudl (University of California), US-B 5189 136, 1990 [Chem. Abstr. 1993, 118, 255575p].
- (1993) Chem. Abstr. , vol.118
- Wudl, F.¹

88
- 0028495747
- D. Braun, E. G. J. Staring, R. C. J. E. Demandt, G. L. J. Rikken, Y. A. R. R. Kessener, A. H. J. Venhuizen, Synth. Met. 1994, 66, 75-79.
- (1994) Synth. Met. , vol.66 , pp. 75-79
- Braun, D.¹ Staring, E.G.J.² Demandt, R.C.J.E.³ Rikken, G.L.J.⁴ Kessener, Y.A.R.R.⁵ Venhuizen, A.H.J.⁶

89
- 0022561492
- I. Murase, T. Ohnishi, T. Noguchi, M. Hirooka, Synth. Met. 1987, 17, 639-644.
- (1987) Synth. Met. , vol.17 , pp. 639-644
- Murase, I.¹ Ohnishi, T.² Noguchi, T.³ Hirooka, M.⁴

90
- 0024963602
- S. A. Askari, S. D. Rughooputh, F. Wudl, Synth. Met. 1989, 29, E129-E134.
- (1989) Synth. Met. , vol.29
- Askari, S.A.¹ Rughooputh, S.D.² Wudl, F.³

91
- 0026417897
- D. A. Halliday, D. D. C. Bradley, P. L. Burn, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, Synth. Met. 1991, 41, 931-934.
- (1991) Synth. Met. , vol.41 , pp. 931-934
- Halliday, D.A.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Burn, P.L.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵

92
- 0000729147
- H. G. Gilch, W. L. Wheelwright, J. Polym. Sci. A1 1966, 4, 1337-1349.
- (1966) J. Polym. Sci. A1 , vol.4 , pp. 1337-1349
- Gilch, H.G.¹ Wheelwright, W.L.²

93
- 0025419838
- W. J. Swatos, B. Gordon, Polym. Prepr. 1990, 31, 505-506.
- (1990) Polym. Prepr. , vol.31 , pp. 505-506
- Swatos, W.J.¹ Gordon, B.²

94
- 0028383097
- I. D. Parker, J. Appl. Phys. 1994, 75, 1656-1666.
- (1994) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.75 , pp. 1656-1666
- Parker, I.D.¹

95
- 0030192078
- Y.-E. Kim, H. Park, J.-J. Kim, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69, 599-601.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.69 , pp. 599-601
- Kim, Y.-E.¹ Park, H.² Kim, J.-J.³

96
- 0028763786
- I. D. Parker, H. H. Kim, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1994, 64, 1774-1776.
- (1994) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.64 , pp. 1774-1776
- Parker, I.D.¹ Kim, H.H.²

97
- 0028729389
- H. H. Kim, T. M. Miller, E. H. Westerwick, Y. O. Kim, E. W. Kwock, M. D. Morris, M. Cerullo, J. Lightwave Technol. 1994, 12, 2107-2113.
- (1994) J. Lightwave Technol. , vol.12 , pp. 2107-2113
- Kim, H.H.¹ Miller, T.M.² Westerwick, E.H.³ Kim, Y.O.⁴ Kwock, E.W.⁵ Morris, M.D.⁶ Cerullo, M.⁷

98
- 0030166986
- G. Yu, Synth. Met. 1996, 80, 143-150.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.80 , pp. 143-150
- Yu, G.¹

99
- 0027576745
- G. Gustafsson, G. M. Treacy, Y. Cao, F. Klavetter, N. Colaneri, A. J. Heeger, Synth. Met. 1993, 57, 4123-4127
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.57 , pp. 4123-4127
- Gustafsson, G.¹ Treacy, G.M.² Cao, Y.³ Klavetter, F.⁴ Colaneri, N.⁵ Heeger, A.J.⁶

100
- 0029373423
- E. Westerweele, P. Smith, A. J. Heeger, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 788-790.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 788-790
- Westerweele, E.¹ Smith, P.² Heeger, A.J.³

101
- 0031124386
- S. A. Carter, M. Angelopoulos, S. Karg, P. J. Brock, J. C. Scott, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1997, 70, 2067-2069.
- (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.70 , pp. 2067-2069
- Carter, S.A.¹ Angelopoulos, M.² Karg, S.³ Brock, P.J.⁴ Scott, J.C.⁵

102
- 0031558203
- J. C. Carter, I. Grizzi, S. K. Heeks, D. J. Lacey, S. G. Latham, P. G. May, O. R. de los Paños, K. Pichler, C. R. Towns, H. F. Wittmann, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1997, 71, 34-36.
- (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.71 , pp. 34-36
- Carter, J.C.¹ Grizzi, I.² Heeks, S.K.³ Lacey, D.J.⁴ Latham, S.G.⁵ May, P.G.⁶ De Los Paños, O.R.⁷ Pichler, K.⁸ Towns, C.R.⁹ Wittmann, H.F.¹⁰

103
- 0025759530
- T. W. Hagler, K. Pakbaz, J. Moulton, F. Wudl, P. Smith, A. J. Heeger, Polymer 1991, 32, 339-342.
- (1991) Polymer , vol.32 , pp. 339-342
- Hagler, T.W.¹ Pakbaz, K.² Moulton, J.³ Wudl, F.⁴ Smith, P.⁵ Heeger, A.J.⁶

104
- 0000609611
- T. W. Hagler, K. Pakbaz, K. F. Voss, A. J. Heeger, Phys. Rev. B 1991, 44, 8652-8666.
- (1991) Phys. Rev. B , vol.44 , pp. 8652-8666
- Hagler, T.W.¹ Pakbaz, K.² Voss, K.F.³ Heeger, A.J.⁴

105
- 0029635763
- M. Hamaguchi, K. Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 67, 3381-3383.
- (1995) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.67 , pp. 3381-3383
- Hamaguchi, M.¹ Yoshino, K.²

106
- 0030081748
- V. Cimrová, M. Remmers, D. Neher, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 146-149.
- (1996) Adv. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 146-149
- Cimrová, V.¹ Remmers, M.² Neher, D.³ Wegner, G.⁴

107
- 0000526762
- F. Wudl, S. Höger, C. Zhang, K. Pakbaz, A. J. Heeger, Polym. Prepr. 1993, 34, 197-198.
- (1993) Polym. Prepr. , vol.34 , pp. 197-198
- Wudl, F.¹ Höger, S.² Zhang, C.³ Pakbaz, K.⁴ Heeger, A.J.⁵

108
- 0029519113
- N. N. Barashkov, D. J. Guerrero, H. J. Olivos, J. P. Ferraris, Synth. Met. 1995, 75, 153-160.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.75 , pp. 153-160
- Barashkov, N.N.¹ Guerrero, D.J.² Olivos, H.J.³ Ferraris, J.P.⁴

109
- 0029238572
- B. R. Hsieh, H. Antoniadis, D. C. Bland, W. A. Feld, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 36-38.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 36-38
- Hsieh, B.R.¹ Antoniadis, H.² Bland, D.C.³ Feld, W.A.⁴

110
- 51249164407
- C. Zhang, H. von Seggern, K. Pakbaz, F. Wudl, A. J. Heeger, J. Electron. Mater. 1993, 22, 413-417.
- (1993) J. Electron. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 413-417
- Zhang, C.¹ Von Seggern, H.² Pakbaz, K.³ Wudl, F.⁴ Heeger, A.J.⁵

111
- 0000319388
- S. Höger, J. J. McNamara, S. Schricker, F. Wudl, Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 171-173.
- (1994) Chem. Mater. , vol.6 , pp. 171-173
- Höger, S.¹ McNamara, J.J.² Schricker, S.³ Wudl, F.⁴

112
- 37049082606
- D.-H. Hwang, H.-K. Shim, J.-I. Lee, K.-S. Lee, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1994, 2461-2462.
- (1994) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. , pp. 2461-2462
- Hwang, D.-H.¹ Shim, H.-K.² Lee, J.-I.³ Lee, K.-S.⁴

113
- 0028436632
- C. Zhang, S. Höger, K. Pakbaz, F. Wudl, A. J. Heeger, J. Electron. Mater. 1994, 23, 453-458.
- (1994) J. Electron. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 453-458
- Zhang, C.¹ Höger, S.² Pakbaz, K.³ Wudl, F.⁴ Heeger, A.J.⁵

114
- 0001637667
- D.-H. Hwang, I.-N. Kang, M.-S. Jang, H.-K. Shim, T. Zyung, Polym. Bull. 1996, 36, 383-390.
- (1996) Polym. Bull. , vol.36 , pp. 383-390
- Hwang, D.-H.¹ Kang, I.-N.² Jang, M.-S.³ Shim, H.-K.⁴ Zyung, T.⁵

115
- 0030412671
- S. T. Kim, D.-H. Hwang, X.-C. Li, J. Grüner, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, H.-K. Shim, Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 979-982.
- (1996) Adv. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 979-982
- Kim, S.T.¹ Hwang, D.-H.² Li, X.-C.³ Grüner, J.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Holmes, A.B.⁶ Shim, H.-K.⁷

116
- 0028531691
- M. Hamaguchi, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1994, 33, L1478-L1481.
- (1994) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.33
- Hamaguchi, M.¹ Yoshino, K.²

117
- 0029321801
- M. Hamaguchi, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 34, L712-L715.
- (1995) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.34
- Hamaguchi, M.¹ Yoshino, K.²

118
- 0038176775
- G. Lüssem, F. Geffarth, A. Greiner, W. Heitz, M. Hopmeier, M. Oberski, C. Unterlechner, J. H. Wendorff, Liq. Cryst. 1996, 21, 903-907.
- (1996) Liq. Cryst. , vol.21 , pp. 903-907
- Lüssem, G.¹ Geffarth, F.² Greiner, A.³ Heitz, W.⁴ Hopmeier, M.⁵ Oberski, M.⁶ Unterlechner, C.⁷ Wendorff, J.H.⁸

119
- 0029354251
- Z. Yang, B. Hu, F. E. Karasz, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 6151-6154.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 6151-6154
- Yang, Z.¹ Hu, B.² Karasz, F.E.³

120
- 0027663438
- Z. Bao, Y. Chen, R. Cai, L. Yu, Macromolecules 1993, 26, 5281-5286.
- (1993) Macromolecules , vol.26 , pp. 5281-5286
- Bao, Z.¹ Chen, Y.² Cai, R.³ Yu, L.⁴

121
- 0027112183
- P. L. Burn, A. B. Holmes, A. Kraft, D. D. C. Bradley, A. R. Brown, R. H. Friend, R. W. Gymer, Nature 1992, 356, 47-49.
- (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 47-49
- Burn, P.L.¹ Holmes, A.B.² Kraft, A.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Brown, A.R.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶ Gymer, R.W.⁷

122
- 12044255497
- P. L. Burn, A. Kraft, D. R. Baigent, D. D. C. Bradley, A. R. Brown, R. H. Friend, R. W. Gymer, A. B. Holmes, R. W. Jackson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 10 117-10 124.
- (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.115 , pp. 10117-10124
- Burn, P.L.¹ Kraft, A.² Baigent, D.R.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Brown, A.R.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶ Gymer, R.W.⁷ Holmes, A.B.⁸ Jackson, R.W.⁹

123
- 0029359312
- E. Z. Faraggi, H. Chayet, G. Cohen, R. Neumann, Y. Avny, D. Davidov, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 742-745.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 742-745
- Faraggi, E.Z.¹ Chayet, H.² Cohen, G.³ Neumann, R.⁴ Avny, Y.⁵ Davidov, D.⁶

124
- 0029293879
- E. G. J. Staring, R. C. J. E. Demandt, D. Braun, G. L. J. Rikken, Y. A. R. R. Kessener, A. H. J. Venhuizen, M. M. F. van Knippenberg, M. Bouwmans, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2179-2180.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2179-2180
- Staring, E.G.J.¹ Demandt, R.C.J.E.² Braun, D.³ Rikken, G.L.J.⁴ Kessener, Y.A.R.R.⁵ Venhuizen, A.H.J.⁶ Van Knippenberg, M.M.F.⁷ Bouwmans, M.⁸

125
- 43949170458
- A. Kraft, P. L. Burn, A. B. Holmes, D. D. C. Bradley, A. R. Brown, R. H. Friend, R. W. Gymer, Synth. Met. 1993, 55, 936-941.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.55 , pp. 936-941
- Kraft, A.¹ Burn, P.L.² Holmes, A.B.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Brown, A.R.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶ Gymer, R.W.⁷

126
- 0348063509
- P. L. Burn, A. B. Holmes, A. Kraft, D. D. C. Bradley, A. R. Brown, R. H. Friend, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1992, 32-34.
- (1992) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. , pp. 32-34
- Burn, P.L.¹ Holmes, A.B.² Kraft, A.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Brown, A.R.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶

127
- 84948889122
- A. R. Brown, P. L. Burn, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, A. Kraft, A. B. Holmes, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1992, 216, 111-116.
- (1992) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , vol.216 , pp. 111-116
- Brown, A.R.¹ Burn, P.L.² Bradley, D.D.C.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Kraft, A.⁵ Holmes, A.B.⁶

128
- 0001657333
- C. Zhang, D. Braun, A. J. Heeger, J. Appl. Phys. 1993, 75, 5177-5180.
- (1993) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.75 , pp. 5177-5180
- Zhang, C.¹ Braun, D.² Heeger, A.J.³

129
- 3843112110
- S. Son, A. Dodabalapur, A. J. Lovinger, M. E. Galvin, Science 1995, 269, 376-378.
- (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 376-378
- Son, S.¹ Dodabalapur, A.² Lovinger, A.J.³ Galvin, M.E.⁴

130
- 0030718247
- H. Rost, A. Teuschel, S. Pfeiffer, H. H. Hörhold, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 269-270.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 269-270
- Rost, H.¹ Teuschel, A.² Pfeiffer, S.³ Hörhold, H.H.⁴

131
- 21544456952
- P. W. M. Blom, M. J. M. Dejong, J. J. M. Vleggaar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 3308-3310.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.68 , pp. 3308-3310
- Blom, P.W.M.¹ Dejong, M.J.M.² Vleggaar, J.J.M.³

132
- 0027577425
- A. Kraft, P. L. Burn, A. B. Holmes, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, J. H. F. Martens, Synth. Met. 1993, 57, 4163-4167.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.57 , pp. 4163-4167
- Kraft, A.¹ Burn, P.L.² Holmes, A.B.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Martens, J.H.F.⁶

133
- 0029370025
- M. Yoshida, H. Kawahara, A. Fujii, Y. Ohmori, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 34, L1237-L1240.
- (1995) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.34
- Yoshida, M.¹ Kawahara, H.² Fujii, A.³ Ohmori, Y.⁴ Yoshino, K.⁵

134
- 25944478047
- C. Zhang, H. von Seggern, B. Kraabel, H.-W. Schmidt, A. J. Heeger, Synth. Met. 1995, 72, 185-188.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.72 , pp. 185-188
- Zhang, C.¹ Von Seggern, H.² Kraabel, B.³ Schmidt, H.-W.⁴ Heeger, A.J.⁵

135
- 0029409356
- M. Berggren, M. Granström, O. Inganäs, M. Andersson, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 900-903.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 900-903
- Berggren, M.¹ Granström, M.² Inganäs, O.³ Andersson, M.⁴

136
- 0027579468
- T. Tsutsui, E.-I. Aminaka, Y. Fujita, Y. Hamada, S. Saito, Synth. Met. 1993, 57, 4157-4162.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.57 , pp. 4157-4162
- Tsutsui, T.¹ Aminaka, E.-I.² Fujita, Y.³ Hamada, Y.⁴ Saito, S.⁵

137
- 0029717465
- X.-C. Li, A. Kraft, R. Cervini, G. C. W. Spencer, F. Cacialli, R. H. Friend, J. Grüner, A. B. Holmes, J. C. DeMello, S. C. Moratti, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1996, 413, 13-22.
- (1996) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.413 , pp. 13-22
- Li, X.-C.¹ Kraft, A.² Cervini, R.³ Spencer, G.C.W.⁴ Cacialli, F.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶ Grüner, J.⁷ Holmes, A.B.⁸ DeMello, J.C.⁹ Moratti, S.C.¹⁰

138
- 0030168953
- J. Bettenhausen, P. Strohriegl, Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 507-510.
- (1996) Adv. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 507-510
- Bettenhausen, J.¹ Strohriegl, P.²

139
- 2842544808
- J. Bettenhausen, P. Strohriegl, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17, 623-631.
- (1996) Macromol. Rapid Commun. , vol.17 , pp. 623-631
- Bettenhausen, J.¹ Strohriegl, P.²

140
- 0010775505
- A. Kraft, Chem. Commun. 1996, 77-79.
- (1996) Chem. Commun. , pp. 77-79
- Kraft, A.¹

141
- 0000190853
- Q. Pei, Y. Yang, Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 1568-1575.
- (1995) Chem. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 1568-1575
- Pei, Q.¹ Yang, Y.²

142
- 0029534101
- F. Cacialli, X.-C. Li, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Synth. Met. 1995, 75, 161-168.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.75 , pp. 161-168
- Cacialli, F.¹ Li, X.-C.² Friend, R.H.³ Moratti, S.C.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵

143
- 0030549424
- M. Greczmiel, P. Pösch, H.-W. Schmidt, P. Strohriegl, E. Buchwald, M. Meier, W. Riess, M. Schwoerer, Macromol. Symp. 1996, 102, 371-380.
- (1996) Macromol. Symp. , vol.102 , pp. 371-380
- Greczmiel, M.¹ Pösch, P.² Schmidt, H.-W.³ Strohriegl, P.⁴ Buchwald, E.⁵ Meier, M.⁶ Riess, W.⁷ Schwoerer, M.⁸

144
- 0030672768
- X.-C. Li, T.-M. Yong, J. Grüner, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, F. Cacialli, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 437-438.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 437-438
- Li, X.-C.¹ Yong, T.-M.² Grüner, J.³ Holmes, A.B.⁴ Moratti, S.C.⁵ Cacialli, F.⁶ Friend, R.H.⁷

145
- 0030213929
- D. O'Brien, M. S. Weaver, D. G. Lidzey, D. D. C. Bradley, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69, 881-883.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.69 , pp. 881-883
- O'Brien, D.¹ Weaver, M.S.² Lidzey, D.G.³ Bradley, D.D.C.⁴

146
- 0030102041
- M. Yoshida, A. Fujii, Y. Ohmori, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 35, L397-L400.
- (1996) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.35
- Yoshida, M.¹ Fujii, A.² Ohmori, Y.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

147
- 0030575273
- M. Hamaguchi, K. Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69, 143-145.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.69 , pp. 143-145
- Hamaguchi, M.¹ Yoshino, K.²

148
- 0030570647
- M. Yoshida, A. Fujii, Y. Ohmori, K. Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69, 734-736.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.69 , pp. 734-736
- Yoshida, M.¹ Fujii, A.² Ohmori, Y.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

149
- 0001085954
- J.-L. Brédas, A. J. Heeger, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1994, 217, 507-512.
- (1994) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.217 , pp. 507-512
- Brédas, J.-L.¹ Heeger, A.J.²

150
- 84994927182
- H.-H. Hörhold, M. Helbig, Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp. 1987, 12, 229-258.
- (1987) Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp. , vol.12 , pp. 229-258
- Hörhold, H.-H.¹ Helbig, M.²

151
- 0027678070
- N. C. Greenham, S. C. Moratti, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, Nature 1993, 365, 628-630.
- (1993) Nature , vol.365 , pp. 628-630
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Moratti, S.C.² Bradley, D.D.C.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵

152
- 0028282283
- N. C. Greenham, F. Cacialli, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1994, 328, 351-360.
- (1994) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.328 , pp. 351-360
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Cacialli, F.² Bradley, D.D.C.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Moratti, S.C.⁵ Holmes, A.B.⁶

153
- 0028272665
- S. C. Moratti, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, N. C. Greenham, A. B. Holmes, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1994, 328, 371-376.
- (1994) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.328 , pp. 371-376
- Moratti, S.C.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Friend, R.H.³ Greenham, N.C.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵

154
- 0029288919
- S. C. Moratti, R. Cervini, A. B. Holmes, D. R. Baigent, R. H. Friend, N. C. Greenham, J. Grüner, P. J. Hamer, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2117-2120.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2117-2120
- Moratti, S.C.¹ Cervini, R.² Holmes, A.B.³ Baigent, D.R.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Greenham, N.C.⁶ Grüner, J.⁷ Hamer, P.J.⁸

155
- 0030124332
- J. J. M. Halls, D. R. Baigent, F. Cacialli, N. C. Greenham, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Thin Solid Films 1996, 276, 13-20.
- (1996) Thin Solid Films , vol.276 , pp. 13-20
- Halls, J.J.M.¹ Baigent, D.R.² Cacialli, F.³ Greenham, N.C.⁴ Friend, R.H.⁵ Moratti, S.C.⁶ Holmes, A.B.⁷

156
- 0029291296
- D. R. Baigent, P. J. Hamer, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2175-2176.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2175-2176
- Baigent, D.R.¹ Hamer, P.J.² Friend, R.H.³ Moratti, S.C.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵

157
- 85029986762
- S. C. Moratti, D. D. C. Bradley, R. Cervini, R. H. Friend, N. C. Greenham, A. B. Holmes, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1994, 2144, 108-114.
- (1994) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.2144 , pp. 108-114
- Moratti, S.C.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Cervini, R.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Greenham, N.C.⁵ Holmes, A.B.⁶

158
- 0030567565
- R. M. Gurge, A. Sarker, P. M. Lahti, B. Hu, F. E. Karasz, Macromolecules 1996, 29, 4287-4292.
- (1996) Macromolecules , vol.29 , pp. 4287-4292
- Gurge, R.M.¹ Sarker, A.² Lahti, P.M.³ Hu, B.⁴ Karasz, F.E.⁵

159
- 0029274131
- G. J. Sarnecki, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, Synth. Met. 1995, 69, 545-546.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.69 , pp. 545-546
- Sarnecki, G.J.¹ Friend, R.H.² Holmes, A.B.³ Moratti, S.C.⁴

160
- 0030647584
- A. Lux, A. B. Holmes, R. Cervini, J. E. Davies, S. C. Moratti, J. Grüner, F. Cacialli, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 293-294.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 293-294
- Lux, A.¹ Holmes, A.B.² Cervini, R.³ Davies, J.E.⁴ Moratti, S.C.⁵ Grüner, J.⁶ Cacialli, F.⁷ Friend, R.H.⁸

161
- 0029771690
- A. C. Grimsdale, X.-C. Li, F. Cacialli, J. Grüner, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1996, 76, 165-167.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.76 , pp. 165-167
- Grimsdale, A.C.¹ Li, X.-C.² Cacialli, F.³ Grüner, J.⁴ Holmes, A.B.⁵ Moratti, S.C.⁶ Friend, R.H.⁷

162
- 0030092124
- A. Lux, S. C. Moratti, X.-C. Li, A. C. Grimsdale, J. F. Davies, P. R. Raithby, J. Grüner, F. Cacialli, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, Polym. Prepr. 1996, 37, 202-203.
- (1996) Polym. Prepr. , vol.37 , pp. 202-203
- Lux, A.¹ Moratti, S.C.² Li, X.-C.³ Grimsdale, A.C.⁴ Davies, J.F.⁵ Raithby, P.R.⁶ Grüner, J.⁷ Cacialli, F.⁸ Friend, R.H.⁹ Holmes, A.B.¹⁰

163
- 0000582728
- M. Leclerc, F. M. Diaz, G. Wegner, Makromol. Chem. 1989, 190, 3105-3116.
- (1989) Makromol. Chem. , vol.190 , pp. 3105-3116
- Leclerc, M.¹ Diaz, F.M.² Wegner, G.³

164
- 0026678780
- H. Mao, S. Holdcroft, Macromolecules 1992, 25, 554-558.
- (1992) Macromolecules , vol.25 , pp. 554-558
- Mao, H.¹ Holdcroft, S.²

165
- 0027556399
- H. Mao, B. Xu, S. Holdcroft, Macromolecules 1993, 26, 1163-1169.
- (1993) Macromolecules , vol.26 , pp. 1163-1169
- Mao, H.¹ Xu, B.² Holdcroft, S.³

166
- 0000433977
- Y. Ohmori, M. Uchida, K. Muro, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1991, 30, L1938-L1940.
- (1991) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.30
- Ohmori, Y.¹ Uchida, M.² Muro, K.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

167
- 0026255117
- Y. Ohmori, M. Uchida, K. Muro, K. Yoshino, Solid State Commun. 1991, 80, 605-608.
- (1991) Solid State Commun. , vol.80 , pp. 605-608
- Ohmori, Y.¹ Uchida, M.² Muro, K.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

168
- 0001045786
- D. Braun, G. Gustafsson, D. McBranch, A. J. Heeger, J. Appl. Phys. 1992, 72, 564-568.
- (1992) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.72 , pp. 564-568
- Braun, D.¹ Gustafsson, G.² McBranch, D.³ Heeger, A.J.⁴

169
- 0027579709
- M. Uchida, Y. Ohmori, C. Morishima, K. Yoshino, Synth. Met. 1993, 57, 4168-4173.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.57 , pp. 4168-4173
- Uchida, M.¹ Ohmori, Y.² Morishima, C.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

170
- 0027574801
- N. C. Greenham, A. R. Brown, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1993, 57, 4134-4138.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.57 , pp. 4134-4138
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Brown, A.R.² Bradley, D.D.C.³ Friend, R.H.⁴

171
- 0001424988
- A. Fujii, H. Kawahara, M. Yoshida, Y. Ohmori, K. Yoshino, J. Phys. (D), Appl. Phys. 1995, 28, 2135-2138.
- (1995) J. Phys. (D), Appl. Phys. , vol.28 , pp. 2135-2138
- Fujii, A.¹ Kawahara, H.² Yoshida, M.³ Ohmori, Y.⁴ Yoshino, K.⁵

172
- 0029293442
- A. Bolognesi, C. Botta, Z. Geng, C. Flores, L. Denti, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2191-2192.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2191-2192
- Bolognesi, A.¹ Botta, C.² Geng, Z.³ Flores, C.⁴ Denti, L.⁵

173
- 0013767742
- M. Pomerantz, H. Yang, Y. Cheng, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 5706-5708.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 5706-5708
- Pomerantz, M.¹ Yang, H.² Cheng, Y.³

174
- 0028375562
- R. E. Gill, G. G. Malliaras, J. Wildeman, G. Hadziioannou, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 132-135.
- (1994) Adv. Mater. , vol.6 , pp. 132-135
- Gill, R.E.¹ Malliaras, G.G.² Wildeman, J.³ Hadziioannou, G.⁴

175
- 0027644528
- B. Xu, S. Holdcroft, Macromolecules 1993, 26, 4457-4460.
- (1993) Macromolecules , vol.26 , pp. 4457-4460
- Xu, B.¹ Holdcroft, S.²

176
- 85076111897
- B. Xu, S. Holdcroft, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1993, 1910, 65-68.
- (1993) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.1910 , pp. 65-68
- Xu, B.¹ Holdcroft, S.²

177
- 0028449715
- M. Berggren, G. Gustafsson, O. Inganäs, M. R. Andersson, O. Wennerström, T. Hjertberg, Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 488-490.
- (1994) Adv. Mater. , vol.6 , pp. 488-490
- Berggren, M.¹ Gustafsson, G.² Inganäs, O.³ Andersson, M.R.⁴ Wennerström, O.⁵ Hjertberg, T.⁶

178
- 0028657429
- M. Berggren, O. Inganäs, G. Gustafsson, J. Rasmusson, M. R. Andersson, T. Hjertberg, O. Wennerström, Nature 1994, 372, 444-446.
- (1994) Nature , vol.372 , pp. 444-446
- Berggren, M.¹ Inganäs, O.² Gustafsson, G.³ Rasmusson, J.⁴ Andersson, M.R.⁵ Hjertberg, T.⁶ Wennerström, O.⁷

179
- 0029293441
- O. Inganäs, M. R. Andersson, G. Gustafsson, T. Hjertberg, O. Wennerström, P. Dyreklev, M. Granström, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2121-2124.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2121-2124
- Inganäs, O.¹ Andersson, M.R.² Gustafsson, G.³ Hjertberg, T.⁴ Wennerström, O.⁵ Dyreklev, P.⁶ Granström, M.⁷

180
- 0000043581
- M. R. Andersson, M. Berggren, O. Inganäs, G. Gustafsson, J. C. Gustafsson-Carlberg, D. Selse, T. Hjertberg, O. Wennerström, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 7525-7529.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 7525-7529
- Andersson, M.R.¹ Berggren, M.² Inganäs, O.³ Gustafsson, G.⁴ Gustafsson-Carlberg, J.C.⁵ Selse, D.⁶ Hjertberg, T.⁷ Wennerström, O.⁸

181
- 1842731543
- Y. Miyazaki, T. Yamamoto, Chem. Lett. 1994, 41-44.
- (1994) Chem. Lett. , pp. 41-44
- Miyazaki, Y.¹ Yamamoto, T.²

182
- 26844514510
- M. Berggren, G. Gustafsson, O. Inganäs, M. R. Andersson, T. Hjertberg, O. Wennerström, J. Appl. Phys. 1994, 76, 7530-7534.
- (1994) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.76 , pp. 7530-7534
- Berggren, M.¹ Gustafsson, G.² Inganäs, O.³ Andersson, M.R.⁴ Hjertberg, T.⁵ Wennerström, O.⁶

183
- 0026138330
- M. C. Gallazzi, L. Castellani, G. Zerbi, P. Sozzani, Synth. Met. 1991, 47, 495-498.
- (1991) Synth. Met. , vol.47 , pp. 495-498
- Gallazzi, M.C.¹ Castellani, L.² Zerbi, G.³ Sozzani, P.⁴

184
- 0000806045
- M. R. Andersson, D. Seise, M. Berggren, H. Järvinen, T. Hjertberg, O. Inganäs, O. Wennerström, J. E. Österholm, Macromolecules 1994, 27, 6503-6506.
- (1994) Macromolecules , vol.27 , pp. 6503-6506
- Andersson, M.R.¹ Seise, D.² Berggren, M.³ Järvinen, H.⁴ Hjertberg, T.⁵ Inganäs, O.⁶ Wennerström, O.⁷ Österholm, J.E.⁸

185
- 37049072469
- R. D. McCullough, R. D. Lowe, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1992, 70-72.
- (1992) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. , pp. 70-72
- McCullough, R.D.¹ Lowe, R.D.²

186
- 0345482413
- R. D. McCullough, R. D. Lowe, M. Jayaraman, D. L. Anderson, J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 904-912.
- (1993) J. Org. Chem. , vol.58 , pp. 904-912
- McCullough, R.D.¹ Lowe, R.D.² Jayaraman, M.³ Anderson, D.L.⁴

187
- 0028196351
- R. D. McCullough, S. P. Williams, M. Jayaraman, J. Reddinger, L. Miller, S. Tristram-Nagle, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1994, 328, 215-220.
- (1994) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.328 , pp. 215-220
- McCullough, R.D.¹ Williams, S.P.² Jayaraman, M.³ Reddinger, J.⁴ Miller, L.⁵ Tristram-Nagle, S.⁶

188
- 0029277663
- R. D. McCullough, S. P. Williams, S. Tristram-Nagle, M. Jayaraman, P. C. Ewbank, L. Miller, Synth. Met. 1995, 69, 279-282.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.69 , pp. 279-282
- McCullough, R.D.¹ Williams, S.P.² Tristram-Nagle, S.³ Jayaraman, M.⁴ Ewbank, P.C.⁵ Miller, L.⁶

189
- 84923157083
- T.-A. Chen, R. D. Rieke, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10 087-10 088.
- (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.114 , pp. 10087-10088
- Chen, T.-A.¹ Rieke, R.D.²

190
- 0001714999
- T.-A. Chen, X. Wu, R. D. Rieke, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 233-244.
- (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.117 , pp. 233-244
- Chen, T.-A.¹ Wu, X.² Rieke, R.D.³

191
- 0001136530
- C. A. Sandstedt, R. D. Rieke, C. J. Eckhardt, Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 1057-1059.
- (1995) Chem. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 1057-1059
- Sandstedt, C.A.¹ Rieke, R.D.² Eckhardt, C.J.³

192
- 0000846537
- F. Chen, P. G. Mehta, L. Takiff, R. D. McCullough, J. Mater. Chem. 1996, 6, 1763-1767.
- (1996) J. Mater. Chem. , vol.6 , pp. 1763-1767
- Chen, F.¹ Mehta, P.G.² Takiff, L.³ McCullough, R.D.⁴

193
- 0029272189
- K. A. Murray, S. C. Moratti, D. R. Baigent, N. C. Greenham, K. Pichler, A. B. Holmes, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1995, 69, 395-396.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.69 , pp. 395-396
- Murray, K.A.¹ Moratti, S.C.² Baigent, D.R.³ Greenham, N.C.⁴ Pichler, K.⁵ Holmes, A.B.⁶ Friend, R.H.⁷

194
- 0004372132
- N. C. Greenham, I. D. W. Samuel, G. R. Haves, R. T. Phillips, Y. A. R. R. Kessener, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, R. H. Friend, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1995, 241, 89-96.
- (1995) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.241 , pp. 89-96
- Greenham, N.C.¹ Samuel, I.D.W.² Haves, G.R.³ Phillips, R.T.⁴ Kessener, Y.A.R.R.⁵ Moratti, S.C.⁶ Holmes, A.B.⁷ Friend, R.H.⁸

195
- 37049081737
- R. D. McCullough, M. Jayaraman, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1995, 135-136.
- (1995) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. , pp. 135-136
- McCullough, R.D.¹ Jayaraman, M.²

196
- 0029771689
- K. A. Murray, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1996, 76, 161-163.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.76 , pp. 161-163
- Murray, K.A.¹ Holmes, A.B.² Moratti, S.C.³ Friend, R.H.⁴

197
- 0029212419
- P. Dyreklev, M. Berggren, O. Inganäs, M. R. Andersson, O. Wennerstrom, T. Hjertberg, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 43-45.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 43-45
- Dyreklev, P.¹ Berggren, M.² Inganäs, O.³ Andersson, M.R.⁴ Wennerstrom, O.⁵ Hjertberg, T.⁶

198
- 0031073049
- A. Bolognesi, G. Bajo, J. Paloheimo, T. Östergård, H. Stubb, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 121-124.
- (1997) Adv. Mater. , vol.9 , pp. 121-124
- Bolognesi, A.¹ Bajo, G.² Paloheimo, J.³ Östergård, T.⁴ Stubb, H.⁵

199
- 0001237792
- M. J. Marsella, T. M. Swager, Polym. Prepr. 1992, 33, 1196-1197.
- (1992) Polym. Prepr. , vol.33 , pp. 1196-1197
- Marsella, M.J.¹ Swager, T.M.²

200
- 0029293896
- J. Tian, C.-C. Wu, M. E. Thompson, J. C. Sturm, R. A. Register, M. J. Marsella, T. M. Swager, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 395-398.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 395-398
- Tian, J.¹ Wu, C.-C.² Thompson, M.E.³ Sturm, J.C.⁴ Register, R.A.⁵ Marsella, M.J.⁶ Swager, T.M.⁷

201
- 0001518328
- J. Tian, C.-C. Wu, M. E. Thompson, J. C. Sturm, R. A. Register, Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 2190-2198.
- (1995) Chem. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 2190-2198
- Tian, J.¹ Wu, C.-C.² Thompson, M.E.³ Sturm, J.C.⁴ Register, R.A.⁵

202
- 0029252747
- M. J. Marsella, D.-K. Fu, T. M. Swager, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 145-147.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 145-147
- Marsella, M.J.¹ Fu, D.-K.² Swager, T.M.³

203
- 0009703863
- H. L. Wang, M. J. Marsella, D.-K. Fu, T. M. Swager, A. G. MacDiarmid, A. J. Epstein, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1995, 73, 473-474.
- (1995) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. , vol.73 , pp. 473-474
- Wang, H.L.¹ Marsella, M.J.² Fu, D.-K.³ Swager, T.M.⁴ MacDiarmid, A.G.⁵ Epstein, A.J.⁶

204
- 85076111105
- L. S. Swanson, F. Lu, J. Shinar, Y. W. Ding, T. J. Barton, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1993, 1910, 101-110.
- (1993) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.1910 , pp. 101-110
- Swanson, L.S.¹ Lu, F.² Shinar, J.³ Ding, Y.W.⁴ Barton, T.J.⁵

205
- 0030188976
- C. Weder, M. S. Wrighton, Macromolecules 1996, 29, 5157-5165.
- (1996) Macromolecules , vol.29 , pp. 5157-5165
- Weder, C.¹ Wrighton, M.S.²

206
- 0000923252
- R. Giesa, J. Macromol. Sci. Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 1996, 36, 631-670.
- (1996) J. Macromol. Sci. Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys. , vol.36 , pp. 631-670
- Giesa, R.¹

207
- 0027561037
- L. S. Swanson, J. Shinar, Y. W. Ding, T. J. Barton, Synth. Met. 1993, 55, 1-6.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.55 , pp. 1-6
- Swanson, L.S.¹ Shinar, J.² Ding, Y.W.³ Barton, T.J.⁴

208
- 0029717101
- C. Weder, M. J. Wagner, M. S. Wrighton, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1996, 413, 77-84.
- (1996) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.413 , pp. 77-84
- Weder, C.¹ Wagner, M.J.² Wrighton, M.S.³

209
- 0029779813
- K. Tada, M. Onoda, M. Hirohata, T. Kawai, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 35, L251-L253.
- (1996) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.35
- Tada, K.¹ Onoda, M.² Hirohata, M.³ Kawai, T.⁴ Yoshino, K.⁵

210
- 0000998239
- K. Yoshino, K. Tada, M. Onoda, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1994, 33, L1785-L1788.
- (1994) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.33
- Yoshino, K.¹ Tada, K.² Onoda, M.³

211
- 0000586839
- M. Hay, F. L. Klavetter, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 7112-7118.
- (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.117 , pp. 7112-7118
- Hay, M.¹ Klavetter, F.L.²

212
- 84916498052
- G. G. Malliaras, J. K. Herrema, J. Wildeman, R. E. Gill, R. H. Wieringa, S. S. Lampoura, G. Hadziioannou, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1993, 2025, 441-445.
- (1993) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.2025 , pp. 441-445
- Malliaras, G.G.¹ Herrema, J.K.² Wildeman, J.³ Gill, R.E.⁴ Wieringa, R.H.⁵ Lampoura, S.S.⁶ Hadziioannou, G.⁷

213
- 0001248947
- G. G. Malliaras, J. K. Herrema, J. Wildeman, R. H. Weiringa, R. E. Gill, S. S. Lampoura, G. Hadziioannou, Adv. Mater. 1993, 5, 721-723.
- (1993) Adv. Mater. , vol.5 , pp. 721-723
- Malliaras, G.G.¹ Herrema, J.K.² Wildeman, J.³ Weiringa, R.H.⁴ Gill, R.E.⁵ Lampoura, S.S.⁶ Hadziioannou, G.⁷

214
- 0000982117
- J. K. Herrema, P. F. van Hutten, R. E. Gill, J. Wildeman, R. H. Wieringa, G. Hadziioannou, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 8102-8116.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 8102-8116
- Herrema, J.K.¹ Van Hutten, P.F.² Gill, R.E.³ Wildeman, J.⁴ Wieringa, R.H.⁵ Hadziioannou, G.⁶

215
- 0031073367
- F. Garten, A. Hilberer, F. Cacialli, E. Esselink, Y. van Dam, B. Schlatmann, R. H. Friend, T. M. Klapwijk, G. Hadziioannou, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 127-131.
- (1997) Adv. Mater. , vol.9 , pp. 127-131
- Garten, F.¹ Hilberer, A.² Cacialli, F.³ Esselink, E.⁴ Van Dam, Y.⁵ Schlatmann, B.⁶ Friend, R.H.⁷ Klapwijk, T.M.⁸ Hadziioannou, G.⁹

216
- 0027166389
- D. Adam, F. Closs, T. Frey, D. Funhoff, D. Haarer, H. Ringsdorf, P. Schuhmacher, K. Siemensmeyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 1993, 70, 457-460.
- (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.70 , pp. 457-460
- Adam, D.¹ Closs, F.² Frey, T.³ Funhoff, D.⁴ Haarer, D.⁵ Ringsdorf, H.⁶ Schuhmacher, P.⁷ Siemensmeyer, K.⁸

217
- 0039387592
- T. Christ, V. Stümpften, J. H. Wendorff, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1997, 18, 93-98.
- (1997) Macromol. Rapid Commun. , vol.18 , pp. 93-98
- Christ, T.¹ Stümpften, V.² Wendorff, J.H.³

218
- 0030836267
- T. Christ, B. Glüsen, A. Greiner, A. Kettner, R. Sander, V. Stümpflen, V. Tsukruk, J. H. Wendorff, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 48-52.
- (1997) Adv. Mater. , vol.9 , pp. 48-52
- Christ, T.¹ Glüsen, B.² Greiner, A.³ Kettner, A.⁴ Sander, R.⁵ Stümpflen, V.⁶ Tsukruk, V.⁷ Wendorff, J.H.⁸

219
- 0000787419
- Y. Ohmori, K. Uchida, K. Muro, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1991, 30, L1941-L1943.
- (1991) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.30
- Ohmori, Y.¹ Uchida, K.² Muro, K.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

220
- 0024718276
- M. Fukuda, K. Sawada, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1989, 28, L1433-L1435.
- (1989) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.28
- Fukuda, M.¹ Sawada, K.² Yoshino, K.³

221
- 0027656341
- M. Fukuda, K. Sawada, K. Yoshino, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. 1993, 31, 2465-2471.
- (1993) J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. , vol.31 , pp. 2465-2471
- Fukuda, M.¹ Sawada, K.² Yoshino, K.³

222
- 0142076962
- G. Grem, G. Leditzky, B. Ullrich, G. Leising, Adv. Mater. 1992, 4, 36-37.
- (1992) Adv. Mater. , vol.4 , pp. 36-37
- Grem, G.¹ Leditzky, G.² Ullrich, B.³ Leising, G.⁴

223
- 0026912141
- G. Grem, G. Leditzky, B. Ullrich, G. Leising, Synth. Met. 1992, 51, 383-389.
- (1992) Synth. Met. , vol.51 , pp. 383-389
- Grem, G.¹ Leditzky, G.² Ullrich, B.³ Leising, G.⁴

224
- 0029220253
- K. Miyashita, M. Kaneko, Synth. Met. 1995, 68, 161-165.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.68 , pp. 161-165
- Miyashita, K.¹ Kaneko, M.²

225
- 0001564525
- D. L. Gin, V. P. Conticello, Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 217-223.
- (1996) Trends Polym. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 217-223
- Gin, D.L.¹ Conticello, V.P.²

226
- 37049095944
- D. G. H. Ballard, A. Courlis, I. M. Shirley, S. C. Taylor, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1983, 954-955.
- (1983) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. , pp. 954-955
- Ballard, D.G.H.¹ Courlis, A.² Shirley, I.M.³ Taylor, S.C.⁴

227
- 0023961520
- D. G. H. Ballard, A. Courtis, I. M. Shirley, S. C. Taylor, Macromolecules 1988, 21, 294-304.
- (1988) Macromolecules , vol.21 , pp. 294-304
- Ballard, D.G.H.¹ Courtis, A.² Shirley, I.M.³ Taylor, S.C.⁴

228
- 0001082762
- D. R. McKean, J. K. Stille, Macromolecules 1987, 20, 1787-1792.
- (1987) Macromolecules , vol.20 , pp. 1787-1792
- McKean, D.R.¹ Stille, J.K.²

229
- 0030496262
- M. Hamaguchi, H. Sawada, J. Kyokane, K. Yoshino, Chem. Lett. 1996, 527-528.
- (1996) Chem. Lett. , pp. 527-528
- Hamaguchi, M.¹ Sawada, H.² Kyokane, J.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

230
- 84985580824
- A.-D. Schlüter, G. Wegner, Acta Polym. 1993, 44, 59-69.
- (1993) Acta Polym. , vol.44 , pp. 59-69
- Schlüter, A.-D.¹ Wegner, G.²

231
- 5244268580
- T. Vahlenkamp, G. Wegner, Macromol. Chem. Phys. 1994, 195, 1933-1952.
- (1994) Macromol. Chem. Phys. , vol.195 , pp. 1933-1952
- Vahlenkamp, T.¹ Wegner, G.²

232
- 0000402360
- T. F. McCarthy, H. Witteler, T. Pakula, G. Wegner, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 8350-8362.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 8350-8362
- McCarthy, T.F.¹ Witteler, H.² Pakula, T.³ Wegner, G.⁴

233
- 2842547018
- M. Remmers, M. Schulze, G. Wegner, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17, 239-252.
- (1996) Macromol. Rapid Commun. , vol.17 , pp. 239-252
- Remmers, M.¹ Schulze, M.² Wegner, G.³

234
- 0005275574
- T. Yamamoto, Progr. Polym. Sci. 1992, 17, 1153-1205.
- (1992) Progr. Polym. Sci. , vol.17 , pp. 1153-1205
- Yamamoto, T.¹

235
- 0026829535
- V. Percec, S. Okita, R. Weiss, Macromolecules 1992, 25, 1816-1823.
- (1992) Macromolecules , vol.25 , pp. 1816-1823
- Percec, V.¹ Okita, S.² Weiss, R.³

236
- 0000832882
- V. Percec, J.-Y. Bae, M. Zhao, D. H. Hill, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 6726-6734.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 6726-6734
- Percec, V.¹ Bae, J.-Y.² Zhao, M.³ Hill, D.H.⁴

237
- 0030149428
- V. Percec, M. Zhao, J.-Y. Bae, D. H. Hill, Macromolecules 1996, 29, 3727-3735.
- (1996) Macromolecules , vol.29 , pp. 3727-3735
- Percec, V.¹ Zhao, M.² Bae, J.-Y.³ Hill, D.H.⁴

238
- 0027873014
- F. L. Klavetter, G. Gustafsson, A. J. Heeger, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1993, 69, 153-154.
- (1993) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. , vol.69 , pp. 153-154
- Klavetter, F.L.¹ Gustafsson, G.² Heeger, A.J.³

239
- 0028546399
- W.-X. Jing, A. Kraft, S. C. Moratti, J. Grüner, F. Cacialli, P. J. Hamer, A. B. Holmes, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1994, 67, 161-163.
- (1994) Synth. Met. , vol.67 , pp. 161-163
- Jing, W.-X.¹ Kraft, A.² Moratti, S.C.³ Grüner, J.⁴ Cacialli, F.⁵ Hamer, P.J.⁶ Holmes, A.B.⁷ Friend, R.H.⁸

240
- 0029308674
- M. Hamaguchi, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 34, L587-L589.
- (1995) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.34
- Hamaguchi, M.¹ Yoshino, K.²

241
- 0029736518
- Y. Yang, Q. Pei, A. J. Heeger, J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 79, 934-939.
- (1996) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.79 , pp. 934-939
- Yang, Y.¹ Pei, Q.² Heeger, A.J.³

242
- 0030125575
- Y. Yang, Q. Pei, A. J. Heeger, Synth. Met. 1996, 78, 263-267.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.78 , pp. 263-267
- Yang, Y.¹ Pei, Q.² Heeger, A.J.³

243
- 0030193490
- V. Cimrová, W. Schmidt, R. Rulkens, M. Schulze, W. Meyer, D. Neher, Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 585-588.
- (1996) Adv. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 585-588
- Cimrová, V.¹ Schmidt, W.² Rulkens, R.³ Schulze, M.⁴ Meyer, W.⁵ Neher, D.⁶

244
- 0030569158
- M. Remmers, D. Neher, J. Grüner, R. H. Friend, G. H. Gelinck, J. M. Warman, C. Quattrocchi, D. A. dos Santos, J.-L. Brédas, Macromolecules 1996, 29, 7432-7445.
- (1996) Macromolecules , vol.29 , pp. 7432-7445
- Remmers, M.¹ Neher, D.² Grüner, J.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Gelinck, G.H.⁵ Warman, J.M.⁶ Quattrocchi, C.⁷ Dos Santos, D.A.⁸ Brédas, J.-L.⁹

245
- 0000830007
- U. Scherf, K. Müllen, Makromol. Chem. Rapid Commun. 1991, 12, 489-497.
- (1991) Makromol. Chem. Rapid Commun. , vol.12 , pp. 489-497
- Scherf, U.¹ Müllen, K.²

246
- 0000136823
- U. Scherf, K. Müllen, Macromolecules 1992, 25, 3546-3548.
- (1992) Macromolecules , vol.25 , pp. 3546-3548
- Scherf, U.¹ Müllen, K.²

247
- 3943107373
- G. Leising, G. Grem, G. Leditzky, U. Scherf, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1993, 1910, 70-77.
- (1993) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.1910 , pp. 70-77
- Leising, G.¹ Grem, G.² Leditzky, G.³ Scherf, U.⁴

248
- 0027574611
- G. Grem, G. Leising, Synth. Met. 1993, 55-57, 4105-4110.
- (1993) Synth. Met. , vol.55-57 , pp. 4105-4110
- Grem, G.¹ Leising, G.²

249
- 84985599078
- J. Hüber, K. Müllen, J. Salbeck, H. Schenk, U. Scherf, T. Stehlin, R. Stern, Acta Polym. 1994, 45, 244-247.
- (1994) Acta Polym. , vol.45 , pp. 244-247
- Hüber, J.¹ Müllen, K.² Salbeck, J.³ Schenk, H.⁴ Scherf, U.⁵ Stehlin, T.⁶ Stern, R.⁷

250
- 0029289512
- G. Grem, V. Martin, F. Meghdadi, C. Paar, J. Stampfl, J. Sturm, S. Tasch, G. Leising, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2193-2194.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2193-2194
- Grem, G.¹ Martin, V.² Meghdadi, F.³ Paar, C.⁴ Stampfl, J.⁵ Sturm, J.⁶ Tasch, S.⁷ Leising, G.⁸

251
- 0000106545
- U. Scherf, A. Bohnen, K. Müllen, Makromol. Chem. 1992, 193, 1127-1133.
- (1992) Makromol. Chem. , vol.193 , pp. 1127-1133
- Scherf, U.¹ Bohnen, A.² Müllen, K.³

252
- 33947710482
- G. Leising, G. Köpping-Grem, F. Meghdadi, A. Niko, S. Tasch, W. Fischer, L. Pu, M. W. Wagaman, R. H. Grubbs, L. Althouel, G. Froyer, U. Scherf, J. Huber, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1995, 2528, 307-314.
- (1995) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.2528 , pp. 307-314
- Leising, G.¹ Köpping-Grem, G.² Meghdadi, F.³ Niko, A.⁴ Tasch, S.⁵ Fischer, W.⁶ Pu, L.⁷ Wagaman, M.W.⁸ Grubbs, R.H.⁹ Althouel, L.¹⁰ Froyer, G.¹¹ Scherf, U.¹² Huber, J.¹³

253
- 0030083531
- S. Tasch, A. Niko, G. Leising, U. Scherf, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 1090-1092.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.68 , pp. 1090-1092
- Tasch, S.¹ Niko, A.² Leising, G.³ Scherf, U.⁴

254
- 0029716869
- S. Tasch, A. Niko, G. Leising, U. Scherf, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1996, 413, 71-76.
- (1996) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.413 , pp. 71-76
- Tasch, S.¹ Niko, A.² Leising, G.³ Scherf, U.⁴

255
- 0028546402
- J. Grüner, H. F. Wittmann, P. J. Hamer, R. H. Friend, J. Huber, U. Scherf, K. Müllen, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Synth. Met. 1994, 67, 181-185.
- (1994) Synth. Met. , vol.67 , pp. 181-185
- Grüner, J.¹ Wittmann, H.F.² Hamer, P.J.³ Friend, R.H.⁴ Huber, J.⁵ Scherf, U.⁶ Müllen, K.⁷ Moratti, S.C.⁸ Holmes, A.B.⁹

256
- 0027695603
- Y. Ohmori, M. Uchida, C. Morishima, A. Fujii, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1993, 32, L1663-L1666.
- (1993) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.32
- Ohmori, Y.¹ Uchida, M.² Morishima, C.³ Fujii, A.⁴ Yoshino, K.⁵

257
- 0029765128
- Q. Pei, Y. Yang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 7416-7417.
- (1996) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.118 , pp. 7416-7417
- Pei, Q.¹ Yang, Y.²

258
- 0031559550
- M. Grell, D. D. C. Bradley, M. Inbasekaran, E. P. Woo, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 798-802.
- (1997) Adv. Mater. , vol.9 , pp. 798-802
- Grell, M.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Inbasekaran, M.³ Woo, E.P.⁴

259
- 0000690155
- I. Sokolik, Z. Yang, F. E. Karasz, D. C. Morton, J. Appl. Phys. 1993, 74, 3584-3586.
- (1993) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.74 , pp. 3584-3586
- Sokolik, I.¹ Yang, Z.² Karasz, F.E.³ Morton, D.C.⁴

260
- 0027556398
- Z. Yang, I. Sokolik, F. E. Karasz, Macromolecules 1993, 26, 1188-1190.
- (1993) Macromolecules , vol.26 , pp. 1188-1190
- Yang, Z.¹ Sokolik, I.² Karasz, F.E.³

261
- 0027695843
- Z. Yang, F. E. Karasz, H. J. Geise, Macromolecules 1993, 26, 6570-6575.
- (1993) Macromolecules , vol.26 , pp. 6570-6575
- Yang, Z.¹ Karasz, F.E.² Geise, H.J.³

262
- 21844513591
- D.-H. Hwang, I.-N. Kang, M.-S. Jang, H.-K. Shim, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 1995, 16, 135-138.
- (1995) Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. , vol.16 , pp. 135-138
- Hwang, D.-H.¹ Kang, I.-N.² Jang, M.-S.³ Shim, H.-K.⁴

263
- 0000810210
- T. Zyung, D.-H. Hwang, I.-N. Kang, H.-K. Shim, W.-Y. Hwang, J.-J. Kim, Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 1499-1503.
- (1995) Chem. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 1499-1503
- Zyung, T.¹ Hwang, D.-H.² Kang, I.-N.³ Shim, H.-K.⁴ Hwang, W.-Y.⁵ Kim, J.-J.⁶

264
- 0000860538
- J.-K. Lee, R. R. Schrock, D. R. Baigent, R. H. Friend, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 1966-1971.
- (1995) Macromolecules , vol.28 , pp. 1966-1971
- Lee, J.-K.¹ Schrock, R.R.² Baigent, D.R.³ Friend, R.H.⁴

265
- 0029324824
- G. Yu, H. Nishino, A. J. Heeger, T.-A. Chen, R. D. Rieke, Synth. Met. 1995, 72, 249-252.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.72 , pp. 249-252
- Yu, G.¹ Nishino, H.² Heeger, A.J.³ Chen, T.-A.⁴ Rieke, R.D.⁵

266
- 0030174018
- J. Birgerson, M. Fahlman, P. Bröms, W. R. Salaneck, Synth. Met. 1996, 80, 125-130.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.80 , pp. 125-130
- Birgerson, J.¹ Fahlman, M.² Bröms, P.³ Salaneck, W.R.⁴

267
- 0031104210
- N. Tanigaki, H. Masuda, K. Kaeriyama, Polymer 1997, 38, 1221-1226.
- (1997) Polymer , vol.38 , pp. 1221-1226
- Tanigaki, N.¹ Masuda, H.² Kaeriyama, K.³

268
- 0029708846
- T. Zyung, J.-J. Kim, I.-N. Kang, D.-H. Hwang, H.-K. Shim, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1996, 413, 103-107.
- (1996) Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.413 , pp. 103-107
- Zyung, T.¹ Kim, J.-J.² Kang, I.-N.³ Hwang, D.-H.⁴ Shim, H.-K.⁵

269
- 0029732965
- I.-N. Kang, D.-H. Hwang, H.-K. Shim, T. Zyung, J.-J. Kim, Macromolecules 1996, 29, 165-169.
- (1996) Macromolecules , vol.29 , pp. 165-169
- Kang, I.-N.¹ Hwang, D.-H.² Shim, H.-K.³ Zyung, T.⁴ Kim, J.-J.⁵

270
- 0031095152
- H. N. Cho, D. Y. Kim, Y. C. Kim, J. Y. Lee, C. Y. Kim, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 326-328; Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1997, 3418, 151-159.
- (1997) Adv. Mater. , vol.9 , pp. 326-328
- Cho, H.N.¹ Kim, D.Y.² Kim, Y.C.³ Lee, J.Y.⁴ Kim, C.Y.⁵

271
- 0031095152
- H. N. Cho, D. Y. Kim, Y. C. Kim, J. Y. Lee, C. Y. Kim, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 326-328; Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1997, 3418, 151-159.
- (1997) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.3418 , pp. 151-159

272
- 0029291526
- M. Berggren, O. Inganäs, G. Gustafsson, M. R. Andersson, T. Hjertberg, O. Wennerström, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2185-2186.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2185-2186
- Berggren, M.¹ Inganäs, O.² Gustafsson, G.³ Andersson, M.R.⁴ Hjertberg, T.⁵ Wennerström, O.⁶

273
- 0030574504
- M. Granström, O. Inganäs, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 147-149.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.68 , pp. 147-149
- Granström, M.¹ Inganäs, O.²

274
- 0027635338
- M. Uchida, Y. Ohmori, T. Noguchi, T. Ohnishi, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1993, 32, L921-L924.
- (1993) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.32
- Uchida, M.¹ Ohmori, Y.² Noguchi, T.³ Ohnishi, T.⁴ Yoshino, K.⁵

275
- 0029293741
- M. Yoshida, K. Yoshimoto, T. Akashi, M. Uchida, T. Kawai, Y. Ohmori, T. Noguchi, T. Ohnishi, K. Yoshino, Synth. Met. 1995, 71, 2111-2112.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.71 , pp. 2111-2112
- Yoshida, M.¹ Yoshimoto, K.² Akashi, T.³ Uchida, M.⁴ Kawai, T.⁵ Ohmori, Y.⁶ Noguchi, T.⁷ Ohnishi, T.⁸ Yoshino, K.⁹

276
- 0029405715
- M. Yoshida, A. Fujii, Y. Ohmori, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 34, L1546-L1549.
- (1995) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.34
- Yoshida, M.¹ Fujii, A.² Ohmori, Y.³ Yoshino, K.⁴

277
- 0000960518
- B. K. Cumpston, K. F. Jensen, Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 151-157.
- (1996) Trends Polym. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 151-157
- Cumpston, B.K.¹ Jensen, K.F.²

278
- 0031123775
- B. H. Cumpston, I. D. Parker, K. F. Jensen, J. Appl. Phys. 1997, 81, 3716-3720.
- (1997) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.81 , pp. 3716-3720
- Cumpston, B.H.¹ Parker, I.D.² Jensen, K.F.³

279
- 0039657316
- M. Yan, L. J. Rothberg, F. Papadimitrakopoulos, M. E. Galvin, T. M. Miller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 1994, 73, 744-747.
- (1994) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.73 , pp. 744-747
- Yan, M.¹ Rothberg, L.J.² Papadimitrakopoulos, F.³ Galvin, M.E.⁴ Miller, T.M.⁵

280
- 0029635789
- T. Zyung, J.-J. Kim, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 67, 3420-3422.
- (1995) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.67 , pp. 3420-3422
- Zyung, T.¹ Kim, J.-J.²

281
- 0029357816
- B. H. Cumpston, K. F. Jensen, Synth. Met. 1995, 73, 195-199.
- (1995) Synth. Met. , vol.73 , pp. 195-199
- Cumpston, B.H.¹ Jensen, K.F.²

282
- 0029386208
- R. D. Scurlock, B. Wang, P. R. Ogilby, J. R. Sheats, R. L. Clough, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 10 194-10 202.
- (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.117 , pp. 10194-10202
- Scurlock, R.D.¹ Wang, B.² Ogilby, P.R.³ Sheats, J.R.⁴ Clough, R.L.⁵

283
- 84913006311
- S. Karg, W. Riess, M. Meier, M. Schwoerer, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1993, 236, 79-86.
- (1993) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , vol.236 , pp. 79-86
- Karg, S.¹ Riess, W.² Meier, M.³ Schwoerer, M.⁴

284
- 0029714090
- J. C. Scott, J. H. Kaufman, J. Salem, J. A. Goitia, P. J. Brock, R. DiPietro, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1996, 283, 57-62.
- (1996) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , vol.283 , pp. 57-62
- Scott, J.C.¹ Kaufman, J.H.² Salem, J.³ Goitia, J.A.⁴ Brock, P.J.⁵ DiPietro, R.⁶

285
- 0030109266
- J. C. Scott, J. H. Kaufman, P. J. Brock, R. DiPietro, J. Salem, J. A. Goitia, J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 79, 2745-2751.
- (1996) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.79 , pp. 2745-2751
- Scott, J.C.¹ Kaufman, J.H.² Brock, P.J.³ DiPietro, R.⁴ Salem, J.⁵ Goitia, J.A.⁶

286
- 0001034419
- H. Aziz, G. Xu, J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 4009-4012.
- (1997) J. Phys. Chem. B , vol.101 , pp. 4009-4012
- Aziz, H.¹ Xu, G.²

287
- 0029359942
- Q. Pei, G. Yu, C. Zhang, Y. Yang, A. J. Heeger, Science 1995, 269, 1086-1088.
- (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 1086-1088
- Pei, Q.¹ Yu, G.² Zhang, C.³ Yang, Y.⁴ Heeger, A.J.⁵

288
- 0030567554
- Y. Cao, G. Yu, A. J. Heeger, C. Y. Yang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 3218-3220.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.68 , pp. 3218-3220
- Cao, Y.¹ Yu, G.² Heeger, A.J.³ Yang, C.Y.⁴

289
- 0029893208
- Q. Pei, Y. Yang, G. Yu, C. Zhang, A. J. Heeger, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 3922-3929.
- (1996) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.118 , pp. 3922-3929
- Pei, Q.¹ Yang, Y.² Yu, G.³ Zhang, C.⁴ Heeger, A.J.⁵

290
- 0030173504
- Q. Pei, Y. Yang, Synth. Met. 1996, 80, 131-136.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.80 , pp. 131-136
- Pei, Q.¹ Yang, Y.²

291
- 0000890907
- G. Yu, Q. Pei, A. J. Heeger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1997, 70, 934-936.
- (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.70 , pp. 934-936
- Yu, G.¹ Pei, Q.² Heeger, A.J.³

292
- 0001244453
- Y. Yang, Q. Pei, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 2708-2710.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.68 , pp. 2708-2710
- Yang, Y.¹ Pei, Q.²

293
- 0000849180
- Y. Yang, Q. Pei, J. Appl. Phys. 1997, 81, 3294-3298.
- (1997) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.81 , pp. 3294-3298
- Yang, Y.¹ Pei, Q.²

294
- 0031074469
- Q. Pei, Y. Yang, G. Yu, Y. Cao, A. J. Heeger, Synth. Met. 1997, 85, 1229-1232.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.85 , pp. 1229-1232
- Pei, Q.¹ Yang, Y.² Yu, G.³ Cao, Y.⁴ Heeger, A.J.⁵

295
- 0442275346
- Y. Yang, Q. Pei, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1997, 70, 1926-1928.
- (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.70 , pp. 1926-1928
- Yang, Y.¹ Pei, Q.²

296
- 0029518060
- A. G. MacDiarmid, H.-L. Wang, J.-W. Park, D.-K. Fu, M. J. Marsella, T. M. Swager, Y. Wang, D. D. Gebler, A. J. Epstein, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1995, 2528, 2-12.
- (1995) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.2528 , pp. 2-12
- MacDiarmid, A.G.¹ Wang, H.-L.² Park, J.-W.³ Fu, D.-K.⁴ Marsella, M.J.⁵ Swager, T.M.⁶ Wang, Y.⁷ Gebler, D.D.⁸ Epstein, A.J.⁹

297
- 0029489543
- Y. Z. Wang, D. D. Gebler, J. W. Blatchford, S. W. Jessen, L. B. Lin, T. L. Gustafsson, H.-L. Wang, Y. W. Park, T. M. Swager, A. G. MacDiarmid, A. J. Epstein, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1995, 2528, 54-61.
- (1995) Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. , vol.2528 , pp. 54-61
- Wang, Y.Z.¹ Gebler, D.D.² Blatchford, J.W.³ Jessen, S.W.⁴ Lin, L.B.⁵ Gustafsson, T.L.⁶ Wang, H.-L.⁷ Park, Y.W.⁸ Swager, T.M.⁹ MacDiarmid, A.G.¹⁰ Epstein, A.J.¹¹

298
- 0030083849
- Y. Z. Wang, D. D. Gebler, L. B. Lin, J. W. Blatchford, S. W. Jessen, H. L. Wang, A. J. Epstein, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 894-896.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.68 , pp. 894-896
- Wang, Y.Z.¹ Gebler, D.D.² Lin, L.B.³ Blatchford, J.W.⁴ Jessen, S.W.⁵ Wang, H.L.⁶ Epstein, A.J.⁷

299
- 0030101035
- H. L. Wang, A. G. MacDiarmid, Y. Z. Wang, D. D. Gebler, A. J. Epstein, Synth. Met. 1996, 78, 33-37.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.78 , pp. 33-37
- Wang, H.L.¹ MacDiarmid, A.G.² Wang, Y.Z.³ Gebler, D.D.⁴ Epstein, A.J.⁵

300
- 0030122780
- A. J. Epstein, J. W. Blatchford, Y. Z. Wang, S. W. Jessen, D. D. Gebler, L. B. Lin, T. L. Gustafsson, H.-L. Wang, Y. W. Park, T. M. Swager, A. G. MacDiarmid, Synth. Met. 1996, 78, 253-261.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.78 , pp. 253-261
- Epstein, A.J.¹ Blatchford, J.W.² Wang, Y.Z.³ Jessen, S.W.⁴ Gebler, D.D.⁵ Lin, L.B.⁶ Gustafsson, T.L.⁷ Wang, H.-L.⁸ Park, Y.W.⁹ Swager, T.M.¹⁰ MacDiarmid, A.G.¹¹

301
- 0030166950
- H. Wang, F. Huang, A. G. MacDiarmid, Y. Z. Wang, D. D. Gebler, A. J. Epstein, Synth. Met. 1996, 80, 97-104.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.80 , pp. 97-104
- Wang, H.¹ Huang, F.² MacDiarmid, A.G.³ Wang, Y.Z.⁴ Gebler, D.D.⁵ Epstein, A.J.⁶

302
- 0031162077
- Y. Z. Wang, D. D. Gebler, D. K. Fu, T. M. Swager, A. J. Epstein, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1997, 70, 3215-3217.
- (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.70 , pp. 3215-3217
- Wang, Y.Z.¹ Gebler, D.D.² Fu, D.K.³ Swager, T.M.⁴ Epstein, A.J.⁵

303
- 0029324594
- H. F. Wittmann, J. Grüner, R. H. Friend, G. W. C. Spencer, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 541-544.
- (1995) Adv. Mater. , vol.7 , pp. 541-544
- Wittmann, H.F.¹ Grüner, J.² Friend, R.H.³ Spencer, G.W.C.⁴ Moratti, S.C.⁵ Holmes, A.B.⁶

304
- 0029635436
- T. A. Fischer, D. G. Lidzey, M. A. Pate, M. S. Weaver, D. M. Whittaker, M. S. Skolnick, D. D. C. Bradley, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 67, 1355-1357.
- (1995) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.67 , pp. 1355-1357
- Fischer, T.A.¹ Lidzey, D.G.² Pate, M.A.³ Weaver, M.S.⁴ Whittaker, D.M.⁵ Skolnick, M.S.⁶ Bradley, D.D.C.⁷

305
- 0029755291
- M. Berggren, O. Inganäs, T. Granlund, S. Guo, G. Gustafsson, M. R. Andersson, Synth. Met. 1996, 76, 121-123.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.76 , pp. 121-123
- Berggren, M.¹ Inganäs, O.² Granlund, T.³ Guo, S.⁴ Gustafsson, G.⁵ Andersson, M.R.⁶

306
- 0029732506
- D. G. Lidzey, M. S. Weaver, T. A. Fisher, M. A. Pate, D. M. Whittaker, M. S. Skolnick, D. D. C. Bradley, Synth. Met. 1996, 76, 129-132.
- (1996) Synth. Met. , vol.76 , pp. 129-132
- Lidzey, D.G.¹ Weaver, M.S.² Fisher, T.A.³ Pate, M.A.⁴ Whittaker, D.M.⁵ Skolnick, M.S.⁶ Bradley, D.D.C.⁷

307
- 0030107031
- V. Cimrová, D. Neher, J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 79, 3299-3307.
- (1996) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.79 , pp. 3299-3307
- Cimrová, V.¹ Neher, D.²

308
- 0001082606
- J. Grüner, F. Cacialli, R. H. Friend, J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 80, 207-215.
- (1996) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.80 , pp. 207-215
- Grüner, J.¹ Cacialli, F.² Friend, R.H.³

309
- 0030192926
- V. Cimrová, U. Scherf, D. Neher, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69, 608-610.
- (1996) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.69 , pp. 608-610
- Cimrová, V.¹ Scherf, U.² Neher, D.³

310
- 0029830052
- N. Tessler, G. J. Denton, R. H. Friend, Nature 1996, 382, 695-697.
- (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 695-697
- Tessler, N.¹ Denton, G.J.² Friend, R.H.³

311
- 10144224985
- F. Hide, M. A. Díaz-García, B. J. Schwartz, M. R. Andersson, Q. Pei, A. J. Heeger, Science 1996, 273, 1833-1836.
- (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1833-1836
- Hide, F.¹ Díaz-García, M.A.² Schwartz, B.J.³ Andersson, M.R.⁴ Pei, Q.⁵ Heeger, A.J.⁶

312
- 1842630808
- B. J. Schwartz, F. Hide, M. A. Díaz-García, A. J. Heeger, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1996, 75, 451-452.
- (1996) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. , vol.75 , pp. 451-452
- Schwartz, B.J.¹ Hide, F.² Díaz-García, M.A.³ Heeger, A.J.⁴

313
- 0030259448
- S. V. Frolov, M. Ozaki, W. Gellermann, Z. V. Vardeny, K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 35, L1371-L1373.
- (1996) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.35
- Frolov, S.V.¹ Ozaki, M.² Gellermann, W.³ Vardeny, Z.V.⁴ Yoshino, K.⁵

314
- 0030284194
- H. J. Brouwer, V. V. Krasnikov, A. Hilberer, G. Hadziioannou, Adv. Mater. 1996, 5, 935-937.
- (1996) Adv. Mater. , vol.5 , pp. 935-937
- Brouwer, H.J.¹ Krasnikov, V.V.² Hilberer, A.³ Hadziioannou, G.⁴

315
- 1842630809
- W. Holzer, A. Penzkofer, S.-H. Gong, A. Bleyer, D. D. C. Bradley, Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 975-978.
- (1996) Adv. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 975-978
- Holzer, W.¹ Penzkofer, A.² Gong, S.-H.³ Bleyer, A.⁴ Bradley, D.D.C.⁵

316
- 0030737033
- S. V. Frolov, W. Gellermann, M. Ozaki, K. Yoshino, Z. V. Vardeny, Phys. Rev. Lett. 1997, 78, 729-732.
- (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.78 , pp. 729-732
- Frolov, S.V.¹ Gellermann, W.² Ozaki, M.³ Yoshino, K.⁴ Vardeny, Z.V.⁵

317
- 0030672764
- S. V. Frolov, W. Gellermann, Z. V. Vardeny, M. Ozaki, K. Yoshino, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 471-472.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 471-472
- Frolov, S.V.¹ Gellermann, W.² Vardeny, Z.V.³ Ozaki, M.⁴ Yoshino, K.⁵

318
- 0030686838
- S. V. Frolov, M. Ozaki, W. Gellermann, M. Shkunov, Z. V. Vardeny, K. Yoshino, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 473-474.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 473-474
- Frolov, S.V.¹ Ozaki, M.² Gellermann, W.³ Shkunov, M.⁴ Vardeny, Z.V.⁵ Yoshino, K.⁶

319
- 0030653969
- N. Tessler, G. J. Denton, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 475-476.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.84 , pp. 475-476
- Tessler, N.¹ Denton, G.J.² Friend, R.H.³

320
- 0030947099
- D. G. Lidzey, D. D. C. Bradley, S. F. Alvarado, P. F. Seidler, Nature 1997, 386, 135.
- (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 135
- Lidzey, D.G.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Alvarado, S.F.³ Seidler, P.F.⁴

321
- 0000539644
- D.-H. Hwang, S. T. Kim, H.-K. Shim, A. B. Holmes, S. C. Moratti, R. H. Friend, Chem. Commun. 1996, 2241-2242.
- (1996) Chem. Commun. , pp. 2241-2242
- Hwang, D.-H.¹ Kim, S.T.² Shim, H.-K.³ Holmes, A.B.⁴ Moratti, S.C.⁵ Friend, R.H.⁶

322
- 1842782135
- E. G. J. Staring, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 1996, 80, 111-117.
- (1996) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. , vol.80 , pp. 111-117
- Staring, E.G.J.¹

323
- 0030382556
- J. Birgerson, K. Kaeriyama, P. Barta, P. Broms, M. Fahlman, T. Granlund, W. R. Salaneck, Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 982-985.
- (1996) Adv. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 982-985
- Birgerson, J.¹ Kaeriyama, K.² Barta, P.³ Broms, P.⁴ Fahlman, M.⁵ Granlund, T.⁶ Salaneck, W.R.⁷

324
- 0031069510
- M. R. Andersson, G. Yu, A. J. Heeger, Synth. Met. 1997, 85, 1275-1276.
- (1997) Synth. Met. , vol.85 , pp. 1275-1276
- Andersson, M.R.¹ Yu, G.² Heeger, A.J.³

325
- 0002682057
- M. Deußen, H. Bässler, Chem. Unserer Zeit 1997, 31, 76-86.
- (1997) Chem. Unserer Zeit , vol.31 , pp. 76-86
- Deußen, M.¹ Bässler, H.²

326
- 0642283899
- F. Hide, M. A. Díaz-García, B. J. Schwartz, A. J. Heeger, Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 430-436.
- (1997) Acc. Chem. Res. , vol.30 , pp. 430-436
- Hide, F.¹ Díaz-García, M.A.² Schwartz, B.J.³ Heeger, A.J.⁴

327
- 3242849218
- M. Thelekkat, R. Fink, P. Pösch, J. Ring, H.-W. Schmidt. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 38, 323-324.
- (1997) Polym. Prepr. , vol.38 , pp. 323-324
- Thelekkat, M.¹ Fink, R.² Pösch, P.³ Ring, J.⁴ Schmidt, H.-W.⁵

328
- 0030683574
- For a report by Meijer et al. in collaboration with Philips on circularly polarized electroluminescence from a polyldialkoxyphenylene vinylene), see E. Peeters, M. P. T. Christiaans, R. A. J. Janssen, H. F. M. Schoo, H. P. J. M. Dekkers, E. W. Meijer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 9909-9910.
- (1997) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.119 , pp. 9909-9910
- Peeters, E.¹ Christiaans, M.P.T.² Janssen, R.A.J.³ Schoo, H.F.M.⁴ Dekkers, H.P.J.M.⁵ Meijer, E.W.⁶

* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.