Degradation and failure of MEH-PPV light-emitting diodes

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 79, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 2745-2751

  Scott, J C ^a   Kaufman, J H ^a   Brock, P J ^a   DiPietro, R ^a   Salem, J ^a   Goitia, J A ^a  

^a IBM ALMADEN RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AROMATIC POLYMERS; CALCIUM; DEGRADATION; ELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRODES; FAILURE (MECHANICAL); FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; INDIUM COMPOUNDS; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; OXIDATION; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

CARRIER MOBILITY; CHAIN SCISSION; HOT SPOT FORMATION; INDIUM TIN OXIDE; LUMINOUS EFFICIENCY; POLY METHOXY ETHYLHEXOXY PHENYLENEVINYLENE; THERMAL RUNAWAY;

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

EID: 0030109266     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.361096     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. J. H. Burroughes, D. D. C. Bradley, A. R. Brown, R. N. Marks, K. Mackey, R. H. Friend, P. L. Burns, and A. B. Holmes, Nature 347, 539 (1990).
2. Y. Ohmori, M. Uchida, K. Muro, and K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 30, L1938 (1991).
3. G. Grem, G. Leditzky, B. Ulrich, and G. Leising, Synth. Metals 51, 389 (1992).
4. D. Braun and A. J. Heeger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 1982 (1991).
5. C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913 (1987).
6. C. Adachi, S. Tokito, T. Tsutsui, and S. Saito, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 27, L269 (1988).
7. N. C. Greenham, S. C. Moratti, D. D. C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, and A. B. Holmes, Nature 365, 628 (1993).
8. S. Saito, T. Tsutsui, M. Era, N. Takada, C. Adachi, Y. Hamada, and T. Wakimoto, SPIE Conf. Proc. 1910, 212 (1993).
9. G. Gustafsson, Y. Cao, G. M. Treacy, F. Klavetter, N. Colaneri, and A. J. Heeger, Nature 357, 477 (1992).
10. G. Wyszecki and W. S. Stiles, Color Science, Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulas (Wiley, New York, 1967).
11. M. Berggren, O. Inganäs, G. Gustafsson, J. Rasmusson, M. R. Andersson, T. Hjertberg, and O. Wennerström, Nature 372, 444 (1994).
12. P. E. Burrows, V. Bulovic, S. R. Forrest, L. S. Sapochal, D. M. McCarty, and M. E. Thompson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2922 (1994).
13. L. M. Do, E. M. Han, Y. Niidome, M. Fujihira, T. Kanno, S. Yoshida, A. Maeda, and A. J. Ikushima, J. Appl. Phys. 76, 5118 (1994).
14. D. Braun, A. J. Heeger, and H. Kroemer, J. Electron. Mater. 20, 945 (1991).
15. J. H. Wood, M. A. Perry, and C. C. Tung, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 2989 (1950).
16. G. J. Sarnecki, P. L. Burn, A. Kraft, R. H. Friend, and A. B. Holmes, Synth. Metals 55-57, 914 (1993).
17. R. H. Fowler and L. Nordheim, Proc. R. Soc. (London) A 119, 173 (1928).
18. I. D. Parker, J. Appl. Phys. 75, 1659 (1994).
19. M. A. Lampert and P. Mark, Current Injection in Solids (Academic, New York, 1970).
20. N. B. Colthup, L. H. Daly, and S. E. Wiberley, Introduction to Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (Academic, New York, 1975).
21. K. F. Voss, C. M. Foster, L. Smilowitz, D. Mihailovic, S. Askari, S. Srdanov, Z. Ni, S. Shi, A. J. Heeger, and F. Wudl, Phys. Rev. B 43, 5109 (1991).
22. M. Yan, L. J. Rothberg, F. Papadimitrakopoulos, M. E. Galvin, and T. M. Miller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 744 (1994).
23. I. Murase, T. Ohnishi, T. Noguchi, and M. Hirooka, Polymer Commun. 25, 327 (1984).
24. D. D. C. Bradley, J. Phys. D 20, 1389 (1987).
25. C. K. Ingold, Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed. (Cornell University, Ithaca, 1969), p. 727.
26. B. H. Cumpston and K. F. Jensen, Synth. Metals 73, 195 (1995).
27. A. J. Heeger, I. D. Parker, and Y. Yang, Synth. Metals 67, 23 (1994).