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Zeng H, Qian Z, Myers MP, Rosbash M. A light-entrainment mechanism for the Drosophila circadian clock. Nature. 380:1996;129-135.
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Lee C, Parikh V, Itsukaichi T, Bac K, Edery I. Resetting the Drosophila clock by photic regulation of PER and a PER-TIM complex. Science. 271:1996;1740-1744.
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Dunlap JC. Genetic and molecular analysis of circadian rhythms. Annu Rev Genet. 30:1996;579-601.
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Crosthwaite SK, Loros JJ, Dunlap JC. Light-induced resetting of a circadian clock is mediated by a rapid increase in frequency transcript. Cell. 81:1995;1003-1012.
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Crosthwaite, S.K.1
Loros, J.J.2
Dunlap, J.C.3
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18844476167
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Functional identification of the mouse circadian Clock gene by transgenic BAC rescue
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of outstanding interest. Complete rescue of the Clock mutant phenotypes is achieved using bacterial artificial chromosome transgenes, which shows that functional rescue by transgenesis is a viable method of gene cloning in mammals. Another interesting observation: period length is shortened to values beyond wild-type in transgenic lines containing a high copy number of the transgene.
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Antoch MP, Song E-J, Chang A-M, Vitaterna MH, Zhao Y, Wilsbacher LD, Sangoram AM, King DP, Pinto LH, Takahashi JS. Functional identification of the mouse circadian Clock gene by transgenic BAC rescue. of outstanding interest Cell. 89:1997;655-667 Complete rescue of the Clock mutant phenotypes is achieved using bacterial artificial chromosome transgenes, which shows that functional rescue by transgenesis is a viable method of gene cloning in mammals. Another interesting observation: period length is shortened to values beyond wild-type in transgenic lines containing a high copy number of the transgene.
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(1997)
Cell
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Antoch, M.P.1
Song, E.-J.2
Chang, A.-M.3
Vitaterna, M.H.4
Zhao, Y.5
Wilsbacher, L.D.6
Sangoram, A.M.7
King, D.P.8
Pinto, L.H.9
Takahashi, J.S.10
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19
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20244377493
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Positional cloning of the mouse circadian Clock gene
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of outstanding interest. Genetic and physical mapping is combined with a three-tiered molecular approach to transcription unit analysis leading to the identification of the Clock gene sequence. Sequence analysis indicates that Clock encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor. The Clock mutation results in deletion of a portion of the putative activation domain, which is consistent with the antimorphic nature of the mutation.
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King DP, Zhao Y, Sangoram AM, Wilsbacher LD, Tanaka M, Antoch MP, Steeves TDL, Vitaterna MH, Kornhauser JM, Lowrey PL, et al. Positional cloning of the mouse circadian Clock gene. of outstanding interest Cell. 89:1997;641-653 Genetic and physical mapping is combined with a three-tiered molecular approach to transcription unit analysis leading to the identification of the Clock gene sequence. Sequence analysis indicates that Clock encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor. The Clock mutation results in deletion of a portion of the putative activation domain, which is consistent with the antimorphic nature of the mutation.
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(1997)
Cell
, vol.89
, pp. 641-653
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King, D.P.1
Zhao, Y.2
Sangoram, A.M.3
Wilsbacher, L.D.4
Tanaka, M.5
Antoch, M.P.6
Steeves, T.D.L.7
Vitaterna, M.H.8
Kornhauser, J.M.9
Lowrey, P.L.10
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20
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0030859094
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19H deletion, distal of Kit
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19H deletion, distal of Kit. Genetics. 146:1997;1049-1060.
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(1997)
Genetics
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King, D.P.1
Vitaterna, M.H.2
Chang, A.M.3
Dove, W.F.4
Pinto, L.H.5
Turek, F.W.6
Takahashi, J.S.7
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21
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0030800739
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Circadian oscillation of a mammalian homologue of the Drosophila period gene
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of outstanding interest. A novel PCR-based approach, which took advantage of relatively conserved sequence within the functionally significant PAS domain, is used here to identify a mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila period gene; significant sequence homology occurs throughout the entire gene in human, mouse, and Drosophila. Mouse (m) Per expression cycles in a circadian manner in the SCN.
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Tei H, Okamura H, Shigeyoshi Y, Fukuhara C, Ozawa R, Hirose M, Sakaki Y. Circadian oscillation of a mammalian homologue of the Drosophila period gene. of outstanding interest Nature. 389:1997;512-516 A novel PCR-based approach, which took advantage of relatively conserved sequence within the functionally significant PAS domain, is used here to identify a mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila period gene; significant sequence homology occurs throughout the entire gene in human, mouse, and Drosophila. Mouse (m) Per expression cycles in a circadian manner in the SCN.
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(1997)
Nature
, vol.389
, pp. 512-516
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Tei, H.1
Okamura, H.2
Shigeyoshi, Y.3
Fukuhara, C.4
Ozawa, R.5
Hirose, M.6
Sakaki, Y.7
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22
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0030885313
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RIGUI, a putative mammalian ortholog of the Drosophilia period gene
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of outstanding interest. This group cloned human RIGUI (now renamed hper1) in a chromosome 17 transcript mapping project. mPer1 (called mRIGUI here) expression displays a circadian rhythm in the SCN as well as in the retina, the pars tuberalis, and the Purkinje neurons; interestingly, expression in the SCN is advanced 6-12 hours relative to the other tissues.
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Sun ZS, Albrecht U, Zhuchenko O, Bailey J, Eichele G, Lee CC. RIGUI, a putative mammalian ortholog of the Drosophilia period gene. of outstanding interest Cell. 90:1997;1003-1011 This group cloned human RIGUI (now renamed hper1) in a chromosome 17 transcript mapping project. mPer1 (called mRIGUI here) expression displays a circadian rhythm in the SCN as well as in the retina, the pars tuberalis, and the Purkinje neurons; interestingly, expression in the SCN is advanced 6-12 hours relative to the other tissues.
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(1997)
Cell
, vol.90
, pp. 1003-1011
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Sun, Z.S.1
Albrecht, U.2
Zhuchenko, O.3
Bailey, J.4
Eichele, G.5
Lee, C.C.6
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23
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0031472474
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Two period homologs: Circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei
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of outstanding interest. of special interest. See annotation [25].
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of outstanding interest Shearman LP, Zylka MJ, Weaver DR, Kolakowski LFJ, Reppert SM. Two period homologs: circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. of special interest Neuron. 19:1997;1261-1269 See annotation [25].
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(1997)
Neuron
, vol.19
, pp. 1261-1269
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-
Shearman, L.P.1
Zylka, M.J.2
Weaver, D.R.3
Kolakowski, L.F.J.4
Reppert, S.M.5
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24
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0345596433
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A differential response of two putative mammalian circadian regulators, mper1 and mper2, to light
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of outstanding interest. of special interest. See annotation [25].
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of outstanding interest Albrecht U, Sun ZS, Eichele G, Lee CC. A differential response of two putative mammalian circadian regulators, mper1 and mper2, to light. of special interest Cell. 91:1997;1055-1064 See annotation [25].
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(1997)
Cell
, vol.91
, pp. 1055-1064
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Albrecht, U.1
Sun, Z.S.2
Eichele, G.3
Lee, C.C.4
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25
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0032102386
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Three period homologs in mammals: Differential light responses in the suprachiasmatic circadian clock and oscillating transcripts outside of brain
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of special interest. of outstanding interest. These papers [23,24,25,26] collectively illustrate several new, fundamentally important results in mammalian circadian biology. First, at least three mammalian per homologs exist. Second, all three genes respond differently to light administered during the subjective night: mPer1 expression increases and decreases rapidly, much like the immediate-early gene response; mPer2 expression increases in a delayed fashion, then decreases rapidly, and mPer3 expression does not change in response to light. Finally, the phase of each mPer is advanced 3-9 hours in the SCN relative to other body tissues including the retina, skeletal muscle, and testis.
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of special interest Zylka MJ, Shearman LP, Weaver DR, Reppert SM. Three period homologs in mammals: differential light responses in the suprachiasmatic circadian clock and oscillating transcripts outside of brain. of outstanding interest Neuron. 20:1998;1103-1110 These papers [23,24,25,26] collectively illustrate several new, fundamentally important results in mammalian circadian biology. First, at least three mammalian per homologs exist. Second, all three genes respond differently to light administered during the subjective night: mPer1 expression increases and decreases rapidly, much like the immediate-early gene response; mPer2 expression increases in a delayed fashion, then decreases rapidly, and mPer3 expression does not change in response to light. Finally, the phase of each mPer is advanced 3-9 hours in the SCN relative to other body tissues including the retina, skeletal muscle, and testis.
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(1998)
Neuron
, vol.20
, pp. 1103-1110
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Zylka, M.J.1
Shearman, L.P.2
Weaver, D.R.3
Reppert, S.M.4
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26
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0031459479
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Light-induced resetting of a mammalian circadian clock is associated with rapid induction of the mPer transcript
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of outstanding interest. of special interest. See annotation [25].
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of outstanding interest Shigeyoshi Y, Taguchi K, Yamamoto S, Takekida S, Yan L, Tei H, Moriya T, Shibata S, Loros JJ, Dunlap JC, Okamura H. Light-induced resetting of a mammalian circadian clock is associated with rapid induction of the mPer transcript. of special interest Cell. 91:1997;1043-1053 See annotation [25].
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(1997)
Cell
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Shigeyoshi, Y.1
Taguchi, K.2
Yamamoto, S.3
Takekida, S.4
Yan, L.5
Tei, H.6
Moriya, T.7
Shibata, S.8
Loros, J.J.9
Dunlap, J.C.10
Okamura, H.11
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27
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0025855079
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The MyoD gene family: Nodal point during specification of the muscle cell lineage
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Weintraub H, Davis R, Tapscott S, Thayer M, Krause M, Benezra R, Blackwell TK, Turner D, Rupp R, Hollenberg S. The MyoD gene family: Nodal point during specification of the muscle cell lineage. Science. 251:1991;761-766.
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Science
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Weintraub, H.1
Davis, R.2
Tapscott, S.3
Thayer, M.4
Krause, M.5
Benezra, R.6
Blackwell, T.K.7
Turner, D.8
Rupp, R.9
Hollenberg, S.10
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28
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0032510778
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The basic helix-loop helix-PAS orphans MOP3 forms transcriptionally active complexes with circadian and hypoxia factors
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of special interest. CLOCK is shown to be a dimerization partner of MOP3 (BMAL 1), and the E-box promoter element is shown to direct reporter expression in the presence of CLOCK/MOP3 (BMAL1). In addition, MOP3 forms transcriptionally functional dimers with MOP4 (NPAS2), HIF1α, and HIF2α.
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Hogenesch JB, Gu Y-Z, Jain S, Bradfield CA. The basic helix-loop helix-PAS orphans MOP3 forms transcriptionally active complexes with circadian and hypoxia factors. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;5474-5479 CLOCK is shown to be a dimerization partner of MOP3 (BMAL 1), and the E-box promoter element is shown to direct reporter expression in the presence of CLOCK/MOP3 (BMAL1). In addition, MOP3 forms transcriptionally functional dimers with MOP4 (NPAS2), HIF1α, and HIF2α.
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(1998)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.95
, pp. 5474-5479
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Hogenesch, J.B.1
Gu, Y.-Z.2
Jain, S.3
Bradfield, C.A.4
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29
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0032486330
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Role of the CLOCK protein in the mammalian circadian mechanisms
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of outstanding interest. The authors of this paper describe the first definitive positive elements in the mammalian circadian clock mechanism: CLOCK and BMAL1 activate mPer 1 expression directly. The CLOCK/BMAL1 dimer can bind both the Drosophila per promoter E box and the mPer1 promoter E boxes to drive expression of a reporter gene; furthermore, the mutant Clock product fails to transactivate the mPer1 promoter.
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Gekakis N, Staknis D, Nguyen HB, Davis FC, Wilsbacher LD, King DP, Takahashi JS, Weitz CJ. Role of the CLOCK protein in the mammalian circadian mechanisms. of outstanding interest Science. 280:1998;1564-1569 The authors of this paper describe the first definitive positive elements in the mammalian circadian clock mechanism: CLOCK and BMAL1 activate mPer 1 expression directly. The CLOCK/BMAL1 dimer can bind both the Drosophila per promoter E box and the mPer1 promoter E boxes to drive expression of a reporter gene; furthermore, the mutant Clock product fails to transactivate the mPer1 promoter.
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(1998)
Science
, vol.280
, pp. 1564-1569
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-
Gekakis, N.1
Staknis, D.2
Nguyen, H.B.3
Davis, F.C.4
Wilsbacher, L.D.5
King, D.P.6
Takahashi, J.S.7
Weitz, C.J.8
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30
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0031557692
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CDNA cloning and tissue-specific expression of a novel basic helix-loop-helix/PAS protein (BMAL1) and identification of alternatively spliced variants with alternative translation initiation site usage
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Ikeda M, Nomura M. cDNA cloning and tissue-specific expression of a novel basic helix-loop-helix/PAS protein (BMAL1) and identification of alternatively spliced variants with alternative translation initiation site usage. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 233:1997;258-264.
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(1997)
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
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, pp. 258-264
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Ikeda, M.1
Nomura, M.2
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31
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0030989154
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A circadian enhancer mediates PER dependent mRNA cycling in Drosophila melanogaster
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of outstanding interest. The first indication that a bHLH transcription factor may be involved in the circadian mechanism came from this work. A 69 bp enhancer in the Drosophila Per promoter that is necessary and sufficient for rhythmic expression of Per was isolated. This enhancer contains an E box, the DNA element that bHLH transcription factors bind. Mutation of the E box abolished rhythmic per expression, which suggested that bHLH factors are a part of the circadian loop.
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Hao H, Allen DL, Hardin PE. A circadian enhancer mediates PER dependent mRNA cycling in Drosophila melanogaster. of outstanding interest Mol Cell Biol. 17:1997;3687-3693 The first indication that a bHLH transcription factor may be involved in the circadian mechanism came from this work. A 69 bp enhancer in the Drosophila Per promoter that is necessary and sufficient for rhythmic expression of Per was isolated. This enhancer contains an E box, the DNA element that bHLH transcription factors bind. Mutation of the E box abolished rhythmic per expression, which suggested that bHLH factors are a part of the circadian loop.
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(1997)
Mol Cell Biol
, vol.17
, pp. 3687-3693
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Hao, H.1
Allen, D.L.2
Hardin, P.E.3
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32
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0030729774
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The DBP gene is expressed according to a circadian rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and influences circadian behavior
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of special interest. These authors made the first observation of a gene, dbp (albumin site D binding protein), whose phase of expression is advanced in the SCN relative to peripheral tissues. Targeted deletion of the dbp gene does not abolish circadian rhythms in behavior but period length decreases by ~30 minutes.
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Lopez-Molina L, Conquet F, Dubois-Dauphin M, Schibler U. The DBP gene is expressed according to a circadian rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and influences circadian behavior. of special interest EMBO. 16:1997;6762-6771 These authors made the first observation of a gene, dbp (albumin site D binding protein), whose phase of expression is advanced in the SCN relative to peripheral tissues. Targeted deletion of the dbp gene does not abolish circadian rhythms in behavior but period length decreases by ~30 minutes.
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(1997)
EMBO
, vol.16
, pp. 6762-6771
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Lopez-Molina, L.1
Conquet, F.2
Dubois-Dauphin, M.3
Schibler, U.4
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33
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0030761518
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Molecular dissection of two distinct actions of melationin on the suprachiasmatic circadian clock
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Liu C, Weaver DR, Jin X, Shearman LP, Pieschl RL, Gribkoff VK, Reppert SM. Molecular dissection of two distinct actions of melationin on the suprachiasmatic circadian clock. Neuron. 19:1997;91-102.
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(1997)
Neuron
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, pp. 91-102
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Liu, C.1
Weaver, D.R.2
Jin, X.3
Shearman, L.P.4
Pieschl, R.L.5
Gribkoff, V.K.6
Reppert, S.M.7
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34
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0032489569
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A screen for genes induced in the suprachiasmatic nucleus by light
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Morris ME, Viswanathan N, Kuhlman S, Davis FC, Weitz CJ. A screen for genes induced in the suprachiasmatic nucleus by light. Science. 279:1998;1544-1547.
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(1998)
Science
, vol.279
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Morris, M.E.1
Viswanathan, N.2
Kuhlman, S.3
Davis, F.C.4
Weitz, C.J.5
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35
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0032568457
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Vitamin B2-based blue-light photoreceptors in the retinohypothalamic tract as the photoactive pigments for setting the circadian clock in mammals
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of special interest. Expression of new photopigments in the retina and SCN suggest the existence of an entrainment-specific photic response pathway.
-
Miyamoto Y, Sancar A. Vitamin B2-based blue-light photoreceptors in the retinohypothalamic tract as the photoactive pigments for setting the circadian clock in mammals. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;6087-6102 Expression of new photopigments in the retina and SCN suggest the existence of an entrainment-specific photic response pathway.
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(1998)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.95
, pp. 6087-6102
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Miyamoto, Y.1
Sancar, A.2
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36
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17044451254
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A mutant Drosophila homolog of mammalian Clock disrupts circadian rhythms and transcription of period and timeless
-
of outstanding interest. The circadian mutation Jrk severely disrupts rhythimicity in behavior, per expression and tim expression in the heterozygous state and abolishes these rhythms in the homozygous state. Jrk is the Drosophila ortholog of mammalian Clock; the Jrk mutation results in truncation of a large portion of the putative activation domain.
-
Allada R, White NE, So WV, Hall JC, Rosbash M. A mutant Drosophila homolog of mammalian Clock disrupts circadian rhythms and transcription of period and timeless. of outstanding interest Cell. 93:1998;791-804 The circadian mutation Jrk severely disrupts rhythimicity in behavior, per expression and tim expression in the heterozygous state and abolishes these rhythms in the homozygous state. Jrk is the Drosophila ortholog of mammalian Clock; the Jrk mutation results in truncation of a large portion of the putative activation domain.
-
(1998)
Cell
, vol.93
, pp. 791-804
-
-
Allada, R.1
White, N.E.2
So, W.V.3
Hall, J.C.4
Rosbash, M.5
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37
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0032577450
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CYCLE is a second bHLH-PAS clock protein essential for circadian rhythmicity and transcription of Drosophila period and timeless
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of outstanding interest. The circadian mutation cycle lenthens behavioral period in the heterozygous state and abolishes behavioral, per expression, and tim expression rhythms in the homozygous state. cycle is the Drosophila ortholog of Bmal1; a nonsense mutation just downstream of the PAS-B region corresponds well with the circadian phenotype.
-
Rutila JE, Suri V, Le M, So WV, Rosbash M, Hall JC. CYCLE is a second bHLH-PAS clock protein essential for circadian rhythmicity and transcription of Drosophila period and timeless. of outstanding interest Cell. 93:1998;805-814 The circadian mutation cycle lenthens behavioral period in the heterozygous state and abolishes behavioral, per expression, and tim expression rhythms in the homozygous state. cycle is the Drosophila ortholog of Bmal1; a nonsense mutation just downstream of the PAS-B region corresponds well with the circadian phenotype.
-
(1998)
Cell
, vol.93
, pp. 805-814
-
-
Rutila, J.E.1
Suri, V.2
Le, M.3
So, W.V.4
Rosbash, M.5
Hall, J.C.6
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38
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0032486432
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Closing the circadian loop: CLOCK-induced transcription of its own inhibitors per and tim
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of outstanding interest. This group have independently identified the Drosophila orthologs of Clock and bmal1, then demonstrated the activities of the known circadian genes: first, dCLOCK activates expression of dper and dtim through the E box present in each gene's promoter; and second, PER and TIM directly inhibit dCLOCK to decrease their own expression.
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Darlington TK, Wager-Smith K, Ceriani MF, Staknis D, Gekakis N, Steeves TDL, Wietz CJ, Takahashi JS, Kay SA. Closing the circadian loop: CLOCK-induced transcription of its own inhibitors per and tim. of outstanding interest Science. 280:1998;1599-1603 This group have independently identified the Drosophila orthologs of Clock and bmal1, then demonstrated the activities of the known circadian genes: first, dCLOCK activates expression of dper and dtim through the E box present in each gene's promoter; and second, PER and TIM directly inhibit dCLOCK to decrease their own expression.
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(1998)
Science
, vol.280
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Darlington, T.K.1
Wager-Smith, K.2
Ceriani, M.F.3
Staknis, D.4
Gekakis, N.5
Steeves, T.D.L.6
Wietz, C.J.7
Takahashi, J.S.8
Kay, S.A.9
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39
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0030698128
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Post-transcriptional regulation contributes to Drosophila clock gene mRNA cycling
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of special interest. Using the nuclear run-on assay, these authors confirm that per and tim mRNA transcription rates cycle in a circadian manner but that the amplitude and phase of these rhythms differ unexpectedly from amplitude and phase in their mRNA abundance rhythms. This finding suggests that post-transcriptional regulation, in addition to transcriptional activation, affects mRNA cycling of circadian genes.
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So WV, Rosbash M. Post-transcriptional regulation contributes to Drosophila clock gene mRNA cycling. of special interest EMBO. 16:1997;7146-7155 Using the nuclear run-on assay, these authors confirm that per and tim mRNA transcription rates cycle in a circadian manner but that the amplitude and phase of these rhythms differ unexpectedly from amplitude and phase in their mRNA abundance rhythms. This finding suggests that post-transcriptional regulation, in addition to transcriptional activation, affects mRNA cycling of circadian genes.
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(1997)
EMBO
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So, W.V.1
Rosbash, M.2
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40
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0032503969
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Double-time is a new Drosophila clock gene that regulates PERIOD protein accumulation
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of outstanding interest. See annotation [41].
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Price JL, Blau J, Rothenfluh A, Abodeely M, Kloss B, Young MW. double-time is a new Drosophila clock gene that regulates PERIOD protein accumulation. of outstanding interest Cell. 94:1998;83-95 See annotation [41].
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(1998)
Cell
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Price, J.L.1
Blau, J.2
Rothenfluh, A.3
Abodeely, M.4
Kloss, B.5
Young, M.W.6
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41
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0032504041
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The Drosophila clock gene double-time encodes a protein closely related to human casein kinase I-epsilon
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P mutants suggests that the dbt product phosphorylates PER, which destabilizes PER and possibly contributes to its translational delay.
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P mutants suggests that the dbt product phosphorylates PER, which destabilizes PER and possibly contributes to its translational delay.
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(1998)
Cell
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Kloss, B.1
Price, J.L.2
Saez, L.3
Blau, J.4
Rothenfluh, A.5
Wesley, C.6
Young, M.W.7
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42
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0030861891
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Spatial and temporal expression of the period and timeless genes in the developing nervous system of Drosophila: Newly identified pacemaker candidates and novel features of clock gene product cycling
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of special interest. This elegant work demonstrates circadian expression of per and tim in Drosophila larvae. Expression of these genes was found in the lateral neurons and a subset of the larval dorsal neurons; surprisingly, two larval dorsal neurons express PER and TIM in antiphase to the other neurons.
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Kaneko M, Helfrich-Forster C, Hall JC. Spatial and temporal expression of the period and timeless genes in the developing nervous system of Drosophila: newly identified pacemaker candidates and novel features of clock gene product cycling. of special interest J Neurosci. 17:1997;6745-6760 This elegant work demonstrates circadian expression of per and tim in Drosophila larvae. Expression of these genes was found in the lateral neurons and a subset of the larval dorsal neurons; surprisingly, two larval dorsal neurons express PER and TIM in antiphase to the other neurons.
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(1997)
J Neurosci
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Kaneko, M.1
Helfrich-Forster, C.2
Hall, J.C.3
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43
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Circadian cycling of a PERIOD-β-galactosidase fusion protein in Drosophila:evidence for cyclical degradation
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Dembinska ME, Stanewsky R, Hall JC, Rosbash M. Circadian cycling of a PERIOD-β-galactosidase fusion protein in Drosophila:evidence for cyclical degradation. Jour Biol Rhyth. 12:1997;157-172.
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Dembinska, M.E.1
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Hall, J.C.3
Rosbash, M.4
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44
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0032007019
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A molecular rhythm mediating circadian clock output in Drosophila
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McNeil GP, Zhang X, Genova G, Jackson FR. A molecular rhythm mediating circadian clock output in Drosophila. Neuron. 20:1998;297-303.
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(1998)
Neuron
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McNeil, G.P.1
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Jackson, F.R.4
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45
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0029740584
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Regulation of a specific circadian clock output pathway by lark, a putative RNA-binding protein with repressor activity
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Newby LM, Jackson FR. Regulation of a specific circadian clock output pathway by lark, a putative RNA-binding protein with repressor activity. J Neurobiol. 31:1996;117-128.
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Newby, L.M.1
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46
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0031006674
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Alternative initiation of translation and time-specific phosphorylation yield multiple forms of the essential clock protein FREQUENCY
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of outstanding interest. These authors provide the first demonstration of FRQ protein oscillations in both abundance and mobility. In addition, alternative initiation events leading to two forms of FRQ are described.
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Garceau NY, Liu Y, Loros JJ, Dunlap JC. Alternative initiation of translation and time-specific phosphorylation yield multiple forms of the essential clock protein FREQUENCY. of outstanding interest Cell. 89:1997;469-476 These authors provide the first demonstration of FRQ protein oscillations in both abundance and mobility. In addition, alternative initiation events leading to two forms of FRQ are described.
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(1997)
Cell
, vol.89
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Garceau, N.Y.1
Liu, Y.2
Loros, J.J.3
Dunlap, J.C.4
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47
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0030964184
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Thermally regulated translational control of FRQ mediates aspects of temperature responses in the Neurospora icircadian clock
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of outstanding interest. This paper introduced a new regulatory mechanism in Neurospora: alternative translational initiation mediated by temperature. This work provides a molecular entry into the study of temperature compensation in Neurospora.
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Liu Y, Garceau NY, Loros JJ, Dunlap JC. Thermally regulated translational control of FRQ mediates aspects of temperature responses in the Neurospora icircadian clock. of outstanding interest Cell. 89:1997;477-486 This paper introduced a new regulatory mechanism in Neurospora: alternative translational initiation mediated by temperature. This work provides a molecular entry into the study of temperature compensation in Neurospora.
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(1997)
Cell
, vol.89
, pp. 477-486
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Liu, Y.1
Garceau, N.Y.2
Loros, J.J.3
Dunlap, J.C.4
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48
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0032493875
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How temperature changes reset a circadian oscillator
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of outstanding interest. An elegant paper that details how temperature can reset a circadian oscillatory by its effects on FRQ protein levels.
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Liu Y, Merrow M, Joros JJ, Dunlap JC. How temperature changes reset a circadian oscillator. of outstanding interest Science. 281:1998;825-829 An elegant paper that details how temperature can reset a circadian oscillatory by its effects on FRQ protein levels.
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(1998)
Science
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Liu, Y.1
Merrow, M.2
Joros, J.J.3
Dunlap, J.C.4
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49
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0030990993
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Dissection of a circadian oscillation into discrete domains
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of special interest. Using an inducible frq construct in a frq loss-of-function genetic background, these authors demonstrate that FRQ protein rapidly inhibits frq transcription and that recovery from this inhibition requires the rest of the circadian day.
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Merrow MW, Garceau NY, Dunlap JC. Dissection of a circadian oscillation into discrete domains. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:1997;3877-3882 Using an inducible frq construct in a frq loss-of-function genetic background, these authors demonstrate that FRQ protein rapidly inhibits frq transcription and that recovery from this inhibition requires the rest of the circadian day.
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(1997)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.94
, pp. 3877-3882
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Merrow, M.W.1
Garceau, N.Y.2
Dunlap, J.C.3
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50
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0032473361
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Nuclear localization is required for function of the essential clock protein FRQ
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Luo C, Loros JJ, Dunlap JC. Nuclear localization is required for function of the essential clock protein FRQ. EMBO. 17:1998;1228-1235.
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(1998)
EMBO
, vol.17
, pp. 1228-1235
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Luo, C.1
Loros, J.J.2
Dunlap, J.C.3
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51
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0030982250
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Neurospora wc-1 and wc-2: Transcription, photoresponses, and the origins of circadian rhythmicity
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of special interest. Evidence of zinc-finger proteins as positive elements in the circadian loop is provided in this paper. The wc-1 gene is required for response to light, and the wc-2 gene appears to be essential in circadian rhythm generation.
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Crosthwaite SK, Dunlap JC, Loros JJ. Neurospora wc-1 and wc-2: transcription, photoresponses, and the origins of circadian rhythmicity. of special interest Science. 276:1997;763-769 Evidence of zinc-finger proteins as positive elements in the circadian loop is provided in this paper. The wc-1 gene is required for response to light, and the wc-2 gene appears to be essential in circadian rhythm generation.
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(1997)
Science
, vol.276
, pp. 763-769
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Crosthwaite, S.K.1
Dunlap, J.C.2
Loros, J.J.3
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52
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0031024823
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Analysis of frequency (frq) clock gene homologs: Evidence for a helix-turn-helix transcription factor
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Lewis MT, Morgan LW, Feldman JF. Analysis of frequency (frq) clock gene homologs: evidence for a helix-turn-helix transcription factor. Mol Gen Genet. 253:1997;401-414.
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Mol Gen Genet
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Lewis, M.T.1
Morgan, L.W.2
Feldman, J.F.3
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53
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0031032072
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Circadian rhythms in rapidly diving cyanobacteria
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of special interest. The unexpected presence of circadian rhythms in bioluminescence and mRNA expression in an organism with a generation time of five to six hours suggests the existence of a universal circadian mechanism, but the details of this mechanism in prokaryotes are expected to differ significantly from that in eukaryotes.
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Kondo T, Mori T, Lebedeva NV, Aoki S, Ishiura M, Golden SS. Circadian rhythms in rapidly diving cyanobacteria. of special interest Science. 275:1997;224-227 The unexpected presence of circadian rhythms in bioluminescence and mRNA expression in an organism with a generation time of five to six hours suggests the existence of a universal circadian mechanism, but the details of this mechanism in prokaryotes are expected to differ significantly from that in eukaryotes.
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Science
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Kondo, T.1
Mori, T.2
Lebedeva, N.V.3
Aoki, S.4
Ishiura, M.5
Golden, S.S.6
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54
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0032483510
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Expression of a gene cluster kaiABC as a circadian feedback process in cyanobacteria
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of outstanding interest. The cloning and characterization of the genes responsible for all circadian phenotypes in cyanobacteria indicate that the negative regulatory loop is indeed conserved throughout evolution; however, the nature of the gene products differ among phyla.
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Ishiura M, Kutsuna S, Aoki S, Iwasaki H, Andersson CR, Tanabe A, Golden SS, Johnson CH, Kondo T. Expression of a gene cluster kaiABC as a circadian feedback process in cyanobacteria. of outstanding interest Science. 281:1998;1519-1523 The cloning and characterization of the genes responsible for all circadian phenotypes in cyanobacteria indicate that the negative regulatory loop is indeed conserved throughout evolution; however, the nature of the gene products differ among phyla.
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Science
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Ishiura, M.1
Kutsuna, S.2
Aoki, S.3
Iwasaki, H.4
Andersson, C.R.5
Tanabe, A.6
Golden, S.S.7
Johnson, C.H.8
Kondo, T.9
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55
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Tripping along the trail to the molecular mechanisms of biological clocks
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Hall JC. Tripping along the trail to the molecular mechanisms of biological clocks. Trends Neurosci. 18:1995;230-240.
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Hall, J.C.1
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Ralph MR, Foster RG, Davis FC, Menaker M. Transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus determines circadian period. Science. 247:1990;975-978.
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Ralph, M.R.1
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57
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0031196646
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Rhythmic expression of a PER-reporter in the Malipighian tubules of decapitated Drosophila: Evidence for a brain-independent circadian clock
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Hege DM, Stanewsky R, Hall JC, Giebultowicz JM. Rhythmic expression of a PER-reporter in the Malipighian tubules of decapitated Drosophila: evidence for a brain-independent circadian clock. J Biol Rhythms. 12:1997;300-308.
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Hege, D.M.1
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58
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Quantitative analysis of Drosophila period gene transcription in living animals
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Plautz JD, Straume M, Stanewsky R, Jamison CF, Brandes C, Dowse HB, Hall JC, Kay SF. Quantitative analysis of Drosophila period gene transcription in living animals. J Biol Rhythms. 12:1997;204-217.
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Plautz, J.D.1
Straume, M.2
Stanewsky, R.3
Jamison, C.F.4
Brandes, C.5
Dowse, H.B.6
Hall, J.C.7
Kay, S.F.8
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59
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0030656411
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Independent photoreceptive circadian clocks throughout Drosophila
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of outstanding interest. Both whole bodies and cultured tissue segments of Drosophila are shown to contain endogenous circadian oscillators. Remarkably, all per-expressing cells are photoreceptive, an observation that challenges the somewhat narrow view that only the brain can regulate rhythms in the body.
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Plautz JD, Kaneko M, Hall JC, Kay SA. Independent photoreceptive circadian clocks throughout Drosophila. of outstanding interest Science. 278:1997;1632-1635 Both whole bodies and cultured tissue segments of Drosophila are shown to contain endogenous circadian oscillators. Remarkably, all per-expressing cells are photoreceptive, an observation that challenges the somewhat narrow view that only the brain can regulate rhythms in the body.
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Science
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Plautz, J.D.1
Kaneko, M.2
Hall, J.C.3
Kay, S.A.4
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60
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0032511229
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A serum shock induces circadian gene expression in mammalian tissue culture cells
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of outstanding interest. This paper demonstrates the existence of functional circadian clocks in cell culture, a discovery that should allow the elucidation of the circadian mechanism sooner rather than later. In addition, the immediate-early kinetics of circadian gene induction suggest a role of immediate-early gene expression in the circadian pathway.
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Balsalobre A, Damiola F, Schibler U. A serum shock induces circadian gene expression in mammalian tissue culture cells. of outstanding interest Cell. 93:1998;929-937 This paper demonstrates the existence of functional circadian clocks in cell culture, a discovery that should allow the elucidation of the circadian mechanism sooner rather than later. In addition, the immediate-early kinetics of circadian gene induction suggest a role of immediate-early gene expression in the circadian pathway.
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Cell
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Balsalobre, A.1
Damiola, F.2
Schibler, U.3
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Kornhauser JM, Mayo KE, Takahashi JS. Light, immediate-early genes, and circadian rhythms. Behav Genet. 26:1996;221-240.
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Weaver DR. The suprachiasmatic nucleus: a 25-year retrospective. J Biol Rhythms. 13:1998;100-112.
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Ishiura, M.6
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