메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 123-149

Neurodevelopmental and neuroprogressive processes in schizophrenia: Antithetical or complementary, over a lifetime trajectory of disease?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; CRANIOFACIAL DEVELOPMENT; DISEASE COURSE; HUMAN; NEUROPATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOGENESIS; REVIEW; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 0031953485     PISSN: 0193953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70364-6     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (48)

References (194)
  • 1
    • 0027394523 scopus 로고
    • Altered distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase cells in frontal lobe of schizophrenics implies disturbances of cortical development
    • S. Akbarian W.E. Bunney S.G. Potkin Altered distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase cells in frontal lobe of schizophrenics implies disturbances of cortical development Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 1993 169 177
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 169-177
    • Akbarian, S.1    Bunney, W.E.2    Potkin, S.G.3
  • 2
    • 0027405968 scopus 로고
    • Distorted distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase neurons in temporal lobe of schizophrenics implies anomalous cortical development
    • S. Akbarian A. Vinuela J.J. Kim Distorted distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase neurons in temporal lobe of schizophrenics implies anomalous cortical development Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 1993 178 187
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 178-187
    • Akbarian, S.1    Vinuela, A.2    Kim, J.J.3
  • 3
    • 0028948389 scopus 로고
    • Gene expression for glutamic acid decarboxylase is reduced without loss of neurons in prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics
    • S. Akbarian J.J. Kim S.G. Potkin Gene expression for glutamic acid decarboxylase is reduced without loss of neurons in prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics Arch Gen Psychiatry 52 1995 258 266
    • (1995) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 258-266
    • Akbarian, S.1    Kim, J.J.2    Potkin, S.G.3
  • 4
    • 0029876983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maldistribution of interstitial neurons in prefrontal white matter of the brains of schizophrenic patients
    • S. Akbarian J.J. Kim S.G. Potkin Maldistribution of interstitial neurons in prefrontal white matter of the brains of schizophrenic patients Arch Gen Psychiatry 53 1996 425 436
    • (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 425-436
    • Akbarian, S.1    Kim, J.J.2    Potkin, S.G.3
  • 5
    • 0028801419 scopus 로고
    • Partial deletion of chromosome 6p: Autopsy findings in a premature infant and review of the literature
    • M. Alashari E. Chen L. Poskanzer Partial deletion of chromosome 6p: Autopsy findings in a premature infant and review of the literature Pediatric Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 15 1995 941 947
    • (1995) Pediatric Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , vol.15 , pp. 941-947
    • Alashari, M.1    Chen, E.2    Poskanzer, L.3
  • 7
    • 0031050920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early beginnings for adult brain pathology
    • J. Altman Early beginnings for adult brain pathology Trends Neurosci 20 1997 143 144
    • (1997) Trends Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 143-144
    • Altman, J.1
  • 8
    • 0029895904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased density of microtubule associated protein 2-immunoreactive neurons in the prefrontal white matter of schizophrenic subjects
    • S.A. Anderson D.W. Volk D.A. Lewis Increased density of microtubule associated protein 2-immunoreactive neurons in the prefrontal white matter of schizophrenic subjects Schizophr Res 19 1996 111 119
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.19 , pp. 111-119
    • Anderson, S.A.1    Volk, D.W.2    Lewis, D.A.3
  • 9
    • 0028034202 scopus 로고
    • Thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenia visualized through magnetic resonance image averaging
    • N.C. Andreasen S. Arndt V. Swayze Thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenia visualized through magnetic resonance image averaging Science 266 1994 294 298
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 294-298
    • Andreasen, N.C.1    Arndt, S.2    Swayze, V.3
  • 10
    • 0029584613 scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities in midline attentional circuitry in schizophrenia: Evidence from magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography
    • N.C. Andreasen V. Swayze D.S. O'Leary Abnormalities in midline attentional circuitry in schizophrenia: Evidence from magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography Eur Neuropsychopharmacol suppl 1995 37 41
    • (1995) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , Issue.suppl , pp. 37-41
    • Andreasen, N.C.1    Swayze, V.2    O'Leary, D.S.3
  • 11
    • 0029818766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia and cognitive dysmetria: A positron-emission tomography study of dysfunctional prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuitry
    • N.C. Andreasen D.S. O'Leary T. Cizadlo Schizophrenia and cognitive dysmetria: A positron-emission tomography study of dysfunctional prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuitry Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93 1996 9985 9990
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.93 , pp. 9985-9990
    • Andreasen, N.C.1    O'Leary, D.S.2    Cizadlo, T.3
  • 12
    • 0030941817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypofrontality in schizophrenia: Distributed dysfunctional circuits in neuroleptic-naive patients
    • N.C. Andreasen D.S. O'Leary M. Flaum Hypofrontality in schizophrenia: Distributed dysfunctional circuits in neuroleptic-naive patients Lancet 349 1997 1730 1734
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1730-1734
    • Andreasen, N.C.1    O'Leary, D.S.2    Flaum, M.3
  • 13
    • 0030052723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament protein, actin and heat shock proteins in human fetal brain during the second trimester
    • D.A. Aquino C. Padin J.M. Perez Analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament protein, actin and heat shock proteins in human fetal brain during the second trimester Developmental Brain Research 91 1996 1 10
    • (1996) Developmental Brain Research , vol.91 , pp. 1-10
    • Aquino, D.A.1    Padin, C.2    Perez, J.M.3
  • 14
    • 0028958961 scopus 로고
    • Prospective clincopathologic studies of schizophrenia: Accrual and assessment of patients
    • S.E. Arnold R.E. Gur R.M. Shapiro Prospective clincopathologic studies of schizophrenia: Accrual and assessment of patients Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 731 737
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 731-737
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Gur, R.E.2    Shapiro, R.M.3
  • 15
    • 0029757375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in defining the neuropathology of schizophrenia
    • S.E. Arnold J.Q. Trojanowsky Recent advances in defining the neuropathology of schizophrenia Acta Neuropathol 92 1996 217 231
    • (1996) Acta Neuropathol , vol.92 , pp. 217-231
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Trojanowsky, J.Q.2
  • 16
    • 0029870390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human fetal hippocampal development. I. Cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and neuronal morphologic features
    • S.E. Arnold J.Q. Trojanowski Human fetal hippocampal development. I. Cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and neuronal morphologic features J Comp Neurol 367 1996 274 292
    • (1996) J Comp Neurol , vol.367 , pp. 274-292
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Trojanowski, J.Q.2
  • 17
    • 0029881688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment in elderly schizophrenia: A dementia (still) lacking distinctive histopathology
    • S.E. Arnold J.Q. Trojanowski Cognitive impairment in elderly schizophrenia: A dementia (still) lacking distinctive histopathology Schizophr Bull 22 1996 5 9
    • (1996) Schizophr Bull , vol.22 , pp. 5-9
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Trojanowski, J.Q.2
  • 18
    • 0030031869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive astrocytosis in elderly patients with schizophrenia and dementia
    • S.E. Arnold B.R. Franz J.Q. Trojanowski Glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive astrocytosis in elderly patients with schizophrenia and dementia Acta Neuropathol 91 1996 269 277
    • (1996) Acta Neuropathol , vol.91 , pp. 269-277
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Franz, B.R.2    Trojanowski, J.Q.3
  • 19
    • 0030997028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of postmortem studies of Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology in schizophrenia
    • R.J. Baldessarini J.D. Hegarty E.D. Bird Meta-analysis of postmortem studies of Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology in schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 861 863
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 861-863
    • Baldessarini, R.J.1    Hegarty, J.D.2    Bird, E.D.3
  • 20
    • 0028968641 scopus 로고
    • Decreased expression of the embryonic form of the neural cell adhesion molecule in schizophrenic brains
    • D. Barbeau J.J. Liang Y. Robitaille Decreased expression of the embryonic form of the neural cell adhesion molecule in schizophrenic brains Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92 1995 2785 2789
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 2785-2789
    • Barbeau, D.1    Liang, J.J.2    Robitaille, Y.3
  • 21
    • 0027476835 scopus 로고
    • The relation of small head circumference and thinness at birth to death from cardiovascular disease in adult life
    • D.J.P. Barker C. Osmond S.J. Simmonds The relation of small head circumference and thinness at birth to death from cardiovascular disease in adult life BMJ 306 1993 422 426
    • (1993) BMJ , vol.306 , pp. 422-426
    • Barker, D.J.P.1    Osmond, C.2    Simmonds, S.J.3
  • 22
    • 0023947711 scopus 로고
    • Anomalies of the corpus callosum: Correlation with further anomalies of the brain
    • A.J. Barkovich D. Norman Anomalies of the corpus callosum: Correlation with further anomalies of the brain Am J Neuroradiol 9 1988 493 501
    • (1988) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.9 , pp. 493-501
    • Barkovich, A.J.1    Norman, D.2
  • 23
    • 0030561009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased head circumference in schizophrenia
    • A.S. Bassett E.W.C. Chow A. Bury Increased head circumference in schizophrenia Biol Psychiatry 40 1996 1173 1175
    • (1996) Biol Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 1173-1175
    • Bassett, A.S.1    Chow, E.W.C.2    Bury, A.3
  • 24
    • 0029156747 scopus 로고
    • Childhood behavioral precursors of adult symptom dimensions in schizophrenia
    • K.M. Baum E.F. Walker Childhood behavioral precursors of adult symptom dimensions in schizophrenia Schizophr Res 16 1995 111 120
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.16 , pp. 111-120
    • Baum, K.M.1    Walker, E.F.2
  • 25
    • 0030589025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative labelling of individuals with first episode schizophrenia: the effect of premorbid functioning
    • G. Bean M. Beiser J. Zhang-Wong Negative labelling of individuals with first episode schizophrenia: the effect of premorbid functioning Schizophr Res 22 1996 111 118
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.22 , pp. 111-118
    • Bean, G.1    Beiser, M.2    Zhang-Wong, J.3
  • 26
    • 0030947083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons are reduced in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics
    • C.L. Beasley G.P. Reynolds Parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons are reduced in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics Schizophr Res 24 1997 349 355
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.24 , pp. 349-355
    • Beasley, C.L.1    Reynolds, G.P.2
  • 27
    • 0025786847 scopus 로고
    • Deficits in small interneurons in prefrontal and cingulate cortices of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients
    • F.M. Benes J. McSparren E.D. Bird Deficits in small interneurons in prefrontal and cingulate cortices of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 1991 996 1001
    • (1991) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 996-1001
    • Benes, F.M.1    McSparren, J.2    Bird, E.D.3
  • 28
    • 0028240329 scopus 로고
    • Myelination of a key relay zone in the hippocampal formation occurs in the human brain during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood
    • F.M. Benes M. Turtle Y. Khan Myelination of a key relay zone in the hippocampal formation occurs in the human brain during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 1994 477 484
    • (1994) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 477-484
    • Benes, F.M.1    Turtle, M.2    Khan, Y.3
  • 29
    • 0026806173 scopus 로고
    • Intellectual deficits in first-episode schizophrenia: Evidence for progressive deterioration
    • R.M. Bilder L. Lipschutz-Broch G. Reiter Intellectual deficits in first-episode schizophrenia: Evidence for progressive deterioration Schizophr Bull 18 1992 437 448
    • (1992) Schizophr Bull , vol.18 , pp. 437-448
    • Bilder, R.M.1    Lipschutz-Broch, L.2    Reiter, G.3
  • 30
    • 0029100460 scopus 로고
    • Anterior hippocampal volume reductions predict frontal lobe dysfunction in first episode schizophrenia
    • R.M. Bilder B. Bogerts M. Ashtari Anterior hippocampal volume reductions predict frontal lobe dysfunction in first episode schizophrenia Schizophr Res 17 1995 47 58
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.17 , pp. 47-58
    • Bilder, R.M.1    Bogerts, B.2    Ashtari, M.3
  • 32
    • 0029789475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synaptic degeneration in thalamus in schizophrenia
    • K. Blennow P. Davidsson C.-G. Gottfries Synaptic degeneration in thalamus in schizophrenia Lancet 348 1996 692 693
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 692-693
    • Blennow, K.1    Davidsson, P.2    Gottfries, C.-G.3
  • 33
    • 0026666748 scopus 로고
    • Second-trimester markers of fetal size in schizophrenia: A study of monozygotic twins
    • H.S. Bracha E.F. Torrey I.I. Gottesman Second-trimester markers of fetal size in schizophrenia: A study of monozygotic twins Am J Psychiatry 149 1992 1355 1361
    • (1992) Am J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 1355-1361
    • Bracha, H.S.1    Torrey, E.F.2    Gottesman, I.I.3
  • 34
    • 12644293806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia is associated with elevated amphetamine-induced synaptic dopamine concentrations: Evidence from a novel positron emission tomography method
    • A. Breier T.-P. Su R. Saunders Schizophrenia is associated with elevated amphetamine-induced synaptic dopamine concentrations: Evidence from a novel positron emission tomography method Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 1997 2569 2574
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , pp. 2569-2574
    • Breier, A.1    Su, T.-P.2    Saunders, R.3
  • 35
    • 0030053697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PET and MRI of the thalamus in never-medicated patients with schizophrenia
    • M.S. Buchsbaum T. Someya C.Y. Teng PET and MRI of the thalamus in never-medicated patients with schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 191 199
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 191-199
    • Buchsbaum, M.S.1    Someya, T.2    Teng, C.Y.3
  • 36
    • 0028670705 scopus 로고
    • 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the left temporal and frontal lobes in schizophrenia: Clinical, neurodevelopmental, and cognitive correlates
    • 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the left temporal and frontal lobes in schizophrenia: Clinical, neurodevelopmental, and cognitive correlates Biol Psychiatry 36 1994 792 800
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 792-800
    • Buckley, P.F.1    Moore, C.2    Long, H.3
  • 37
    • 0029417023 scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species in Down's syndrome neurons in vitro
    • J. Busciglio B.A. Yankner Apoptosis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species in Down's syndrome neurons in vitro Nature 378 1995 776 779
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , pp. 776-779
    • Busciglio, J.1    Yankner, B.A.2
  • 38
    • 0029143402 scopus 로고
    • Photoanthropometric study of craniofacial traits of individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome
    • M.G. Butler G.J. Levine J.Y. Le Photoanthropometric study of craniofacial traits of individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome Am J Med Genet 58 1995 38 45
    • (1995) Am J Med Genet , vol.58 , pp. 38-45
    • Butler, M.G.1    Levine, G.J.2    Le, J.Y.3
  • 39
    • 0028042343 scopus 로고
    • Further evidence for anomalies in the handprints of patients with schizophrenia: A study of secondary creases
    • M. Cannon M. Byrne D. Cotter Further evidence for anomalies in the handprints of patients with schizophrenia: A study of secondary creases Schizophr Res 13 1994 179 184
    • (1994) Schizophr Res , vol.13 , pp. 179-184
    • Cannon, M.1    Byrne, M.2    Cotter, D.3
  • 40
    • 0030980583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological evidence supporting a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia: A longitudinal study
    • D.M. Censits J.D. Ragland R.C. Gur Neuropsychological evidence supporting a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia: A longitudinal study Schizophr Res 24 1997 289 298
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.24 , pp. 289-298
    • Censits, D.M.1    Ragland, J.D.2    Gur, R.C.3
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0022668286 scopus 로고
    • A randomised controlled trial of prophylactic neuroleptic treatment
    • T.J. Crow J.F. MacMillan A.L. Johnson A randomised controlled trial of prophylactic neuroleptic treatment Br J Psychiatry 148 1986 120 127
    • (1986) Br J Psychiatry , vol.148 , pp. 120-127
    • Crow, T.J.1    MacMillan, J.F.2    Johnson, A.L.3
  • 44
    • 0029049886 scopus 로고
    • Childhood precursors of psychosis as clues to its evolutionary origins
    • T.J. Crow D.J. Done A. Sacker Childhood precursors of psychosis as clues to its evolutionary origins Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 245 1995 61 69
    • (1995) Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.245 , pp. 61-69
    • Crow, T.J.1    Done, D.J.2    Sacker, A.3
  • 45
    • 0025934894 scopus 로고
    • Lack of a bimodal distribution of ventricular size in schizophrenia: A gaussian mixture analysis of 1056 cases and controls
    • D.G. Daniel T.E. Goldberg R.D. Gibbons Lack of a bimodal distribution of ventricular size in schizophrenia: A gaussian mixture analysis of 1056 cases and controls Biol Psychiatry 30 1991 887 903
    • (1991) Biol Psychiatry , vol.30 , pp. 887-903
    • Daniel, D.G.1    Goldberg, T.E.2    Gibbons, R.D.3
  • 46
    • 0028854590 scopus 로고
    • Severity of symptoms in chronically institutionalized geriatric schizophrenic patients
    • M. Davidson P.D. Harvey P. Powchik Severity of symptoms in chronically institutionalized geriatric schizophrenic patients Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 197 207
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 197-207
    • Davidson, M.1    Harvey, P.D.2    Powchik, P.3
  • 47
    • 0029756664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal growth markers in schizophrenia: A monozygotic co-twin control study
    • J.O. Davis H.S. Bracha Prenatal growth markers in schizophrenia: A monozygotic co-twin control study Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 1166 1172
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 1166-1172
    • Davis, J.O.1    Bracha, H.S.2
  • 48
    • 0031557128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is schizophrenia a lifetime disorder of brain plasticity, growth and aging?
    • L.E. DeLisi Is schizophrenia a lifetime disorder of brain plasticity, growth and aging? Schizophr Res 23 1997 119 129
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.23 , pp. 119-129
    • DeLisi, L.E.1
  • 49
    • 0028856246 scopus 로고
    • A prospective follow-up study of brain morphology and cognition in first-episode schizophrenic patients: Preliminary findings
    • L.E. DeLisi W. Tew S.-H. Xie A prospective follow-up study of brain morphology and cognition in first-episode schizophrenic patients: Preliminary findings Biol Psychiatry 38 1995 349 360
    • (1995) Biol Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 349-360
    • DeLisi, L.E.1    Tew, W.2    Xie, S.-H.3
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0029552859 scopus 로고
    • Terminal deletion in chromosome region 8p23.1-8pter in a child with features of velo-cardio-facial syndrome
    • K. Devriendt K. De Mars P. De Cock Terminal deletion in chromosome region 8p23.1-8pter in a child with features of velo-cardio-facial syndrome Ann Genet 38 1995 228 230
    • (1995) Ann Genet , vol.38 , pp. 228-230
    • Devriendt, K.1    De Mars, K.2    De Cock, P.3
  • 52
    • 0027359375 scopus 로고
    • Computer reconstructions of human embryonic craniofacial morphology showing changes in relations between the face and brain during primary palate formation
    • V.M. Diewert S. Lozanoff V. Choy Computer reconstructions of human embryonic craniofacial morphology showing changes in relations between the face and brain during primary palate formation J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 13 1993 193 201
    • (1993) J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol , vol.13 , pp. 193-201
    • Diewert, V.M.1    Lozanoff, S.2    Choy, V.3
  • 53
    • 0027504078 scopus 로고
    • A morphometric analysis of human embryonic craniofacial growth in the median plane during primary palate formation
    • V.M. Diewert S. Lozanoff A morphometric analysis of human embryonic craniofacial growth in the median plane during primary palate formation J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 13 1993 147 161
    • (1993) J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol , vol.13 , pp. 147-161
    • Diewert, V.M.1    Lozanoff, S.2
  • 54
    • 0027515039 scopus 로고
    • Growth and morphogenesis of the human embryonic midface during primary palate formation analyzed in frontal sections
    • V.M. Diewert S. Lozanoff Growth and morphogenesis of the human embryonic midface during primary palate formation analyzed in frontal sections J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 13 1993 162 183
    • (1993) J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol , vol.13 , pp. 162-183
    • Diewert, V.M.1    Lozanoff, S.2
  • 55
    • 0027252147 scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in primary palate and midface morphogenesis research
    • V.M. Diewert K.Y. Wang Recent advances in primary palate and midface morphogenesis research Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 4 1992 111 130
    • (1992) Crit Rev Oral Biol Med , vol.4 , pp. 111-130
    • Diewert, V.M.1    Wang, K.Y.2
  • 56
    • 0021800179 scopus 로고
    • Development of human craniofacial morphology during the late embryonic and early fetal periods
    • V.M. Diewert Development of human craniofacial morphology during the late embryonic and early fetal periods American Journal of Orthodontics 88 1985 64 76
    • (1985) American Journal of Orthodontics , vol.88 , pp. 64-76
    • Diewert, V.M.1
  • 57
    • 0029048706 scopus 로고
    • Functional imaging and the neurobiology of the psychoses
    • R.J. Dolan Functional imaging and the neurobiology of the psychoses Seminars in the Neurosciences 7 1995 165 171
    • (1995) Seminars in the Neurosciences , vol.7 , pp. 165-171
    • Dolan, R.J.1
  • 58
    • 0027965383 scopus 로고
    • Childhood antecedents of schizophrenia and affective illness: Social adjustment at ages 7 and 11
    • D.J. Done T.J. Crow E.C. Johnstone Childhood antecedents of schizophrenia and affective illness: Social adjustment at ages 7 and 11 BMJ 309 1994 699 703
    • (1994) BMJ , vol.309 , pp. 699-703
    • Done, D.J.1    Crow, T.J.2    Johnstone, E.C.3
  • 59
    • 0030971726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neuropsychological perspective on three schizophrenic patients with midline structural defects
    • N.M. Edelstyn F. Oyebode M.J. Riddoch A neuropsychological perspective on three schizophrenic patients with midline structural defects Br J Psychiatry 170 1997 416 421
    • (1997) Br J Psychiatry , vol.170 , pp. 416-421
    • Edelstyn, N.M.1    Oyebode, F.2    Riddoch, M.J.3
  • 61
    • 0030570552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dermatoglyphic a-b ridge count as a possible marker for developmental disturbance in schizophrenia: Replication in two samples
    • L. Fananas J. van Os C. Hoyos Dermatoglyphic a-b ridge count as a possible marker for developmental disturbance in schizophrenia: Replication in two samples Schizophr Res 20 1996 307 314
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.20 , pp. 307-314
    • Fananas, L.1    van Os, J.2    Hoyos, C.3
  • 62
    • 0002597092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropathological basis of schizophrenia.
    • P.G. Falkai B. Bogerts The neuropathological basis of schizophrenia. Waddington J.L. Buckley P.F. The Neurodevelopmental Basis of Schizophrenia 1996 Landes Austin 135 152
    • (1996) , pp. 135-152
    • Falkai, P.G.1    Bogerts, B.2
  • 63
    • 0000928255 scopus 로고
    • Age dependent change of ventricular measures in schizophrenia: Cross-sectional analysis
    • E. Frecksa M.F. Losonczy R.S.E. Keefe Age dependent change of ventricular measures in schizophrenia: Cross-sectional analysis Biol Psychiatry 35 1994 704 705
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 704-705
    • Frecksa, E.1    Losonczy, M.F.2    Keefe, R.S.E.3
  • 64
    • 0027243816 scopus 로고
    • Psychotic features and the course of Alzheimer's disease: Relationship to cognitive, electroencephalographic and computerized tomography findings
    • H. Forstl C. Besthorn C. Geiger-Kabisch Psychotic features and the course of Alzheimer's disease: Relationship to cognitive, electroencephalographic and computerized tomography findings Acta Psychiatr Scand 87 1993 395 399
    • (1993) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.87 , pp. 395-399
    • Forstl, H.1    Besthorn, C.2    Geiger-Kabisch, C.3
  • 65
    • 12644303225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkage of a neurophysiological deficit in schizophrenia to a chromosome 15 locus
    • R. Freedman H. Coon M. Myles-Worsley Linkage of a neurophysiological deficit in schizophrenia to a chromosome 15 locus Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 1997 587 592
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 587-592
    • Freedman, R.1    Coon, H.2    Myles-Worsley, M.3
  • 66
    • 0029941119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in hippocampal formation volume is caused mainly by its shortening in chronic schizophrenia: Assessment by MRI
    • H. Fukuzako T. Fukuzako T. Hashiguchi Reduction in hippocampal formation volume is caused mainly by its shortening in chronic schizophrenia: Assessment by MRI Biol Psychiatry 39 1996 938 945
    • (1996) Biol Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 938-945
    • Fukuzako, H.1    Fukuzako, T.2    Hashiguchi, T.3
  • 67
    • 0030973411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased concentrations of presynaptic proteins in the cingulate cortex of subjects with schizophrenia
    • S.M. Gabriel V. Haroutunian P. Powchik Increased concentrations of presynaptic proteins in the cingulate cortex of subjects with schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 54 1997 559 566
    • (1997) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 559-566
    • Gabriel, S.M.1    Haroutunian, V.2    Powchik, P.3
  • 68
    • 0029874880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined analysis of D22S278 marker alleles in affected sib-pairs: Support for a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia at chromosome 22q12
    • M. Gill H. Vallada D. Collier A combined analysis of D22S278 marker alleles in affected sib-pairs: Support for a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia at chromosome 22q12 Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 67 1996 40 45
    • (1996) Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) , vol.67 , pp. 40-45
    • Gill, M.1    Vallada, H.2    Collier, D.3
  • 69
    • 0027501023 scopus 로고
    • Course of schizophrenia: Neuropsychological evidence for a static encephalopathy
    • T.E. Goldberg T.M. Hyde J.E. Kleinman Course of schizophrenia: Neuropsychological evidence for a static encephalopathy Schizophr Bull 19 1993 797 804
    • (1993) Schizophr Bull , vol.19 , pp. 797-804
    • Goldberg, T.E.1    Hyde, T.M.2    Kleinman, J.E.3
  • 70
    • 0028822383 scopus 로고
    • A case against subtyping in schizophrenia
    • T.E. Goldberg D.R. Weinberger A case against subtyping in schizophrenia Schizophr Res 17 1995 147 152
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.17 , pp. 147-152
    • Goldberg, T.E.1    Weinberger, D.R.2
  • 71
    • 0024604449 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal misconnections and psychiatric disorder: Is there a link?
    • R. Goodman Neuronal misconnections and psychiatric disorder: Is there a link? Br J Psychiatry 154 1989 292 299
    • (1989) Br J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 292-299
    • Goodman, R.1
  • 72
    • 0030940093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DiGeorge syndrome minimal critical region contains a goosecoid-like (GSCL) homeobox gene that is expressed early in human development
    • S. Gottlieb B.S. Emanuel D.A. Driscoll The DiGeorge syndrome minimal critical region contains a goosecoid -like (GSCL) homeobox gene that is expressed early in human development Am J Hum Genet 60 1997 1194 1201
    • (1997) Am J Hum Genet , vol.60 , pp. 1194-1201
    • Gottlieb, S.1    Emanuel, B.S.2    Driscoll, D.A.3
  • 73
    • 0030221531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural crest apoptosis and the establishment of craniofacial pattern: An honorable death
    • A. Graham G. Koentges A. Lumsden Neural crest apoptosis and the establishment of craniofacial pattern: An honorable death Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience 8 1996 76 83
    • (1996) Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience , vol.8 , pp. 76-83
    • Graham, A.1    Koentges, G.2    Lumsden, A.3
  • 74
    • 0024535782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia
    • M.F. Green P. Satz D.J. Gaier Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia Schizophr Bull 15 1997 91 99
    • (1997) Schizophr Bull , vol.15 , pp. 91-99
    • Green, M.F.1    Satz, P.2    Gaier, D.J.3
  • 75
    • 0027958935 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary evidence for an association between minor physical anomalies and second trimester neurodevelopment in schizophrenia
    • M.F. Green H.S. Bracha P. Sata Preliminary evidence for an association between minor physical anomalies and second trimester neurodevelopment in schizophrenia Psychiatry Res 53 1994 119 127
    • (1994) Psychiatry Res , vol.53 , pp. 119-127
    • Green, M.F.1    Bracha, H.S.2    Sata, P.3
  • 76
    • 0029090858 scopus 로고
    • Premorbid adjustment as a predictor of phenomenological and neurobiological indices in schizophrenia
    • S. Gupta R. Rajaprabhakaran S. Arndt Premorbid adjustment as a predictor of phenomenological and neurobiological indices in schizophrenia Schizophr Res 16 1995 1189 1197
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.16 , pp. 1189-1197
    • Gupta, S.1    Rajaprabhakaran, R.2    Arndt, S.3
  • 77
    • 0031015919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional hippocampal MR morphometry with high-dimensional transformation of a neuroanatomic atlas
    • J.W. Haller A. Banerjee G.E. Christensen Three-dimensional hippocampal MR morphometry with high-dimensional transformation of a neuroanatomic atlas Radiology 202 1997 504 510
    • (1997) Radiology , vol.202 , pp. 504-510
    • Haller, J.W.1    Banerjee, A.2    Christensen, G.E.3
  • 78
    • 0025311999 scopus 로고
    • The ventricle-brain ratio (VBR) in functional psychoses: An admixture analysis
    • I. Harvey P. McGuffin M. Williams The ventricle-brain ratio (VBR) in functional psychoses: An admixture analysis Psychiatry Res (Neuroimaging) 35 1990 61 69
    • (1990) Psychiatry Res (Neuroimaging) , vol.35 , pp. 61-69
    • Harvey, I.1    McGuffin, P.2    Williams, M.3
  • 79
    • 0027197758 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of cortical volume in schizophrenia on magnetic resonance imaging
    • I. Harvey M.A. Ron G. Du Boulay Reduction of cortical volume in schizophrenia on magnetic resonance imaging Psychol Med 23 1993 591 604
    • (1993) Psychol Med , vol.23 , pp. 591-604
    • Harvey, I.1    Ron, M.A.2    Du Boulay, G.3
  • 80
    • 0029044510 scopus 로고
    • The longitudinal stability of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: Mini-mental scores at one- and two-year follow-ups in geriatric in-patients
    • P.D. Harvey L. White M. Parrella The longitudinal stability of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: Mini-mental scores at one- and two-year follow-ups in geriatric in-patients Br J Psychiatry 166 1995 630 633
    • (1995) Br J Psychiatry , vol.166 , pp. 630-633
    • Harvey, P.D.1    White, L.2    Parrella, M.3
  • 81
    • 0030589495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment and negative symptoms in geriatric chronic schizophrenic patients: A follow-up study
    • P.D. Harvey J. Lombardi M. Leibman Cognitive impairment and negative symptoms in geriatric chronic schizophrenic patients: A follow-up study Schizophr Res 22 1996 223 231
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.22 , pp. 223-231
    • Harvey, P.D.1    Lombardi, J.2    Leibman, M.3
  • 82
    • 0031004908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased anterior cingulate gyrus metabolic rate in schizophrenia
    • M.M. Haznedar M.S. Buchsbaum C. Luu Decreased anterior cingulate gyrus metabolic rate in schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 682 684
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 682-684
    • Haznedar, M.M.1    Buchsbaum, M.S.2    Luu, C.3
  • 84
    • 0029824233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal entorhinal-hippocampal connections established by human fetal midgestation
    • R.F. Hevner H.C. Kinney Reciprocal entorhinal-hippocampal connections established by human fetal midgestation J Comp Neurol 372 1996 384 394
    • (1996) J Comp Neurol , vol.372 , pp. 384-394
    • Hevner, R.F.1    Kinney, H.C.2
  • 85
    • 0028805490 scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic dopamine function in striatum of neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients
    • J. Hietala E. Syvalahti K. Vuorio Presynaptic dopamine function in striatum of neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients Lancet 346 1995 1130 1131
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.346 , pp. 1130-1131
    • Hietala, J.1    Syvalahti, E.2    Vuorio, K.3
  • 86
    • 0029147118 scopus 로고
    • Developmental abnormalities and cortical sulcal enlargement in psychosis
    • W.G. Honer E. Squires-Wheeler G.N. Smith Developmental abnormalities and cortical sulcal enlargement in psychosis Schizophr Res 16 1995 121 125
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.16 , pp. 121-125
    • Honer, W.G.1    Squires-Wheeler, E.2    Smith, G.N.3
  • 87
    • 0030893368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cingulate cortex synaptic terminal proteins and neural cell adhesion molecule in schizophrenia
    • W.G. Honer P. Falkai C. Young Cingulate cortex synaptic terminal proteins and neural cell adhesion molecule in schizophrenia Neuroscience 78 1997 99 110
    • (1997) Neuroscience , vol.78 , pp. 99-110
    • Honer, W.G.1    Falkai, P.2    Young, C.3
  • 88
    • 0026462573 scopus 로고
    • Negative symptoms and the early course of schizophrenia
    • J.A. Husted M. Beiser W.G. Iacono Negative symptoms and the early course of schizophrenia Psychiatry Res 43 1992 215 222
    • (1992) Psychiatry Res , vol.43 , pp. 215-222
    • Husted, J.A.1    Beiser, M.2    Iacono, W.G.3
  • 89
    • 0028205051 scopus 로고
    • Is there cognitive decline in schizophrenia? A cross-sectional study
    • T.M. Hyde S. Nawroz T.E. Goldberg Is there cognitive decline in schizophrenia? A cross-sectional study Br J Psychiatry 164 1994 494 500
    • (1994) Br J Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 494-500
    • Hyde, T.M.1    Nawroz, S.2    Goldberg, T.E.3
  • 90
    • 0027986867 scopus 로고
    • The organization of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits: Open interconnected rather than closed segregated
    • D. Joel I. Weiner The organization of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits: Open interconnected rather than closed segregated Neuroscience 63 1994 363 379
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.63 , pp. 363-379
    • Joel, D.1    Weiner, I.2
  • 91
    • 0030956322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barx2, a new homeobox gene of the Bar class, is expressed in neural and craniofacial structures during development
    • F.S. Jones C. Kioussi D.W. Copertino Barx2, a new homeobox gene of the Bar class, is expressed in neural and craniofacial structures during development Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 1997 2632 2637
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , pp. 2632-2637
    • Jones, F.S.1    Kioussi, C.2    Copertino, D.W.3
  • 92
    • 0028171814 scopus 로고
    • Child developmental risk factors for adult schizophrenia in the British 1946 birth cohort
    • P. Jones B. Rodgers R. Murray Child developmental risk factors for adult schizophrenia in the British 1946 birth cohort Lancet 344 1994 1398 1402
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , pp. 1398-1402
    • Jones, P.1    Rodgers, B.2    Murray, R.3
  • 93
    • 0029997012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GAP-43 mRNA expression in early development of human nervous system
    • S. Kanazir S. Ruzdijic S. Vukosavic GAP-43 mRNA expression in early development of human nervous system Molecular Brain Research 38 1996 145 155
    • (1996) Molecular Brain Research , vol.38 , pp. 145-155
    • Kanazir, S.1    Ruzdijic, S.2    Vukosavic, S.3
  • 94
    • 0026757673 scopus 로고
    • Deterioration in premorbid functioning in schizophrenia: A developmental model of negative symptoms in drug-free patients
    • M.E. Kelley M. Gilbertson A. Mouton Deterioration in premorbid functioning in schizophrenia: A developmental model of negative symptoms in drug-free patients Am J Psychiatry 149 1992 1543 1548
    • (1992) Am J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 1543-1548
    • Kelley, M.E.1    Gilbertson, M.2    Mouton, A.3
  • 95
    • 10544251071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a schizophrenia vulnerability locus on chromosome 8p in the Irish study of high-density schizophrenia families
    • K.S. Kendler C.J. MacLean A.O. O'Neill Evidence for a schizophrenia vulnerability locus on chromosome 8p in the Irish study of high-density schizophrenia families Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 1534 1540
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 1534-1540
    • Kendler, K.S.1    MacLean, C.J.2    O'Neill, A.O.3
  • 96
    • 0028308126 scopus 로고
    • Is schizophrenia due to excessive synaptic pruning in the prefrontal cortex? The Feinberg hypothesis revisited
    • M.S. Keshavan S. Anderson J.W. Pettegrew Is schizophrenia due to excessive synaptic pruning in the prefrontal cortex? The Feinberg hypothesis revisited J Psychiatr Res 28 1994 239 265
    • (1994) J Psychiatr Res , vol.28 , pp. 239-265
    • Keshavan, M.S.1    Anderson, S.2    Pettegrew, J.W.3
  • 97
    • 0028868806 scopus 로고
    • Limbic lobe embryology and anatomy: Dissection and MR of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere
    • E.L. Kier R.K. Fulbright R.A. Bronen Limbic lobe embryology and anatomy: Dissection and MR of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere Am J Neuroradiol 16 1995 1847 1853
    • (1995) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.16 , pp. 1847-1853
    • Kier, E.L.1    Fulbright, R.K.2    Bronen, R.A.3
  • 98
    • 0029855021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The normal and abnormal genu of the corpus callosum: An evolutionary, embryologic, anatomic and MR analysis
    • E.L. Kier C.L. Truwit The normal and abnormal genu of the corpus callosum: An evolutionary, embryologic, anatomic and MR analysis Am J Neuroradiol 17 1996 1631 1641
    • (1996) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.17 , pp. 1631-1641
    • Kier, E.L.1    Truwit, C.L.2
  • 99
    • 0030959473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryology of the human fetal hippocampus: MR imaging, anatomy and histology
    • E.L. Kier J.H. Kim R.K. Fulbright Embryology of the human fetal hippocampus: MR imaging, anatomy and histology Am J Neuroradiol 18 1997 525 532
    • (1997) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.18 , pp. 525-532
    • Kier, E.L.1    Kim, J.H.2    Fulbright, R.K.3
  • 100
    • 0031084803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular genetics of schizophrenia: Progress so far
    • G. Kirov R. Murray The molecular genetics of schizophrenia: Progress so far Molecular Medicine Today 3 1997 124 130
    • (1997) Molecular Medicine Today , vol.3 , pp. 124-130
    • Kirov, G.1    Murray, R.2
  • 101
    • 0343725649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrin degradation products in post mortem brain tissue of schizophrenics: A possible marker for underlying inflammatory processes
    • D.A. Korschenhausen H.J. Hampel M. Ackenheil Fibrin degradation products in post mortem brain tissue of schizophrenics: A possible marker for underlying inflammatory processes Schizophr Res 19 1996 103 109
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.19 , pp. 103-109
    • Korschenhausen, D.A.1    Hampel, H.J.2    Ackenheil, M.3
  • 102
    • 0027446624 scopus 로고
    • Early areal differentiation of the human cerebral cortex: Entorhinal area
    • I. Kostovic Z. Petanjek M. Judas Early areal differentiation of the human cerebral cortex: Entorhinal area Hippocampus 3 1993 447 458
    • (1993) Hippocampus , vol.3 , pp. 447-458
    • Kostovic, I.1    Petanjek, Z.2    Judas, M.3
  • 103
    • 0030152380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small head circumference at birth in schizophrenia
    • H. Kunugi N. Takei R.M. Murray Small head circumference at birth in schizophrenia Schizophr Res 20 1996 165 170
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.20 , pp. 165-170
    • Kunugi, H.1    Takei, N.2    Murray, R.M.3
  • 104
    • 0003026598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysmorphic features in schizophrenia.
    • A. Lane C. Larkin J.L. Waddington Dysmorphic features in schizophrenia. Waddington J.L. Buckley P.F. The Neurodevelopmental Basis of Schizophrenia 1996 Landes Austin 79 93
    • (1996) , pp. 79-93
    • Lane, A.1    Larkin, C.2    Waddington, J.L.3
  • 105
    • 0030761123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anthropometric assessment of dysmorphic features in schizophrenia as an index of its developmental origins
    • A. Lane A. Kinsella P. Murphy The anthropometric assessment of dysmorphic features in schizophrenia as an index of its developmental origins Psychological Medicine 27 1997 1155 1164
    • (1997) Psychological Medicine , vol.27 , pp. 1155-1164
    • Lane, A.1    Kinsella, A.2    Murphy, P.3
  • 106
    • 0029787944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single photon emission computerized tomography imaging of amphetamine-induced dopamine release in drug-free schizophrenic subjects
    • M. Laruelle A. Abi-Dargham C.H. van Dyck Single photon emission computerized tomography imaging of amphetamine-induced dopamine release in drug-free schizophrenic subjects Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93 1996 9235 9240
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 9235-9240
    • Laruelle, M.1    Abi-Dargham, A.2    van Dyck, C.H.3
  • 107
    • 0030923288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the prefrontal cortex during adolescence: Insights into vulnerable neural circuits in schizophrenia
    • D.A. Lewis Development of the prefrontal cortex during adolescence: Insights into vulnerable neural circuits in schizophrenia Neuropsychopharmacology 16 1997 385 398
    • (1997) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.16 , pp. 385-398
    • Lewis, D.A.1
  • 108
    • 0029363692 scopus 로고
    • The functional architecture of the prefrontal cortex and schizophrenia
    • D.A. Lewis S.A. Anderson The functional architecture of the prefrontal cortex and schizophrenia Psychol Med 25 1995 887 894
    • (1995) Psychol Med , vol.25 , pp. 887-894
    • Lewis, D.A.1    Anderson, S.A.2
  • 109
    • 0024588156 scopus 로고
    • Congenital risk factors for schizophrenia
    • S.W. Lewis Congenital risk factors for schizophrenia Psychol Med 19 1989 5 13
    • (1989) Psychol Med , vol.19 , pp. 5-13
    • Lewis, S.W.1
  • 110
    • 0026601337 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia
    • P.F. Liddle J. Friston C.D. Frith Patterns of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia Br J Psychiatry 160 1992 179 186
    • (1992) Br J Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 179-186
    • Liddle, P.F.1    Friston, J.2    Frith, C.D.3
  • 111
    • 0030152375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coritcal gray matter volume deficits in schizophrenia: A replication
    • K.O. Lim E.V. Sullivan R.B. Zipursky Coritcal gray matter volume deficits in schizophrenia: A replication Schizophr Res 20 1996 157 164
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.20 , pp. 157-164
    • Lim, K.O.1    Sullivan, E.V.2    Zipursky, R.B.3
  • 112
    • 0029951232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical gray matter volume deficit in patients with first-episode schizophrenia
    • K.O. Lim W. Tew M. Kushner Cortical gray matter volume deficit in patients with first-episode schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 1548 1553
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 1548-1553
    • Lim, K.O.1    Tew, W.2    Kushner, M.3
  • 113
    • 0026788261 scopus 로고
    • Duration of psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia
    • A.D. Loebel J.A. Lieberman J.M.J. Alvir Duration of psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 149 1992 1183 1188
    • (1992) Am J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 1183-1188
    • Loebel, A.D.1    Lieberman, J.A.2    Alvir, J.M.J.3
  • 114
    • 0023503928 scopus 로고
    • Midline developmental “weakness” as a consequence of determinative field properties
    • M.S. Lubinsky Midline developmental “weakness” as a consequence of determinative field properties American Journal of Medical Genetics suppl 3 1987 23 28
    • (1987) American Journal of Medical Genetics , Issue.suppl 3 , pp. 23-28
    • Lubinsky, M.S.1
  • 115
    • 0023948073 scopus 로고
    • The expression of an N-CAM serum fragment is positively correlated with severity of negative features in type II schizophrenia
    • F. Lyons M.L. Martin C. Maguire The expression of an N-CAM serum fragment is positively correlated with severity of negative features in type II schizophrenia Biol Psychiatry 23 1988 769 775
    • (1988) Biol Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 769-775
    • Lyons, F.1    Martin, M.L.2    Maguire, C.3
  • 116
    • 0028240526 scopus 로고
    • Programmed cell death: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders
    • R.L. Margolis D.M. Chuang R.M. Post Programmed cell death: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders Biol Psychiatry 35 1994 946 956
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 946-956
    • Margolis, R.L.1    Chuang, D.M.2    Post, R.M.3
  • 118
    • 0027392835 scopus 로고
    • Subtype progression and pathophysiologic deterioration in early schizophrenia
    • T.H. McGlashan W.S. Fenson Subtype progression and pathophysiologic deterioration in early schizophrenia Schizophr Bull 19 1993 71 84
    • (1993) Schizophr Bull , vol.19 , pp. 71-84
    • McGlashan, T.H.1    Fenson, W.S.2
  • 119
    • 0030066007 scopus 로고
    • Minor physical anomalies in psychoses: Associations with clinical and putative aetiological variables
    • J.J. McGrath J. van Os C. Hoyos Minor physical anomalies in psychoses: Associations with clinical and putative aetiological variables Schizophr Res 18 1995 9 20
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.18 , pp. 9-20
    • McGrath, J.J.1    van Os, J.2    Hoyos, C.3
  • 120
    • 0029131849 scopus 로고
    • Genetic basis of schizophrenia
    • P. McGuffin M.J. Owen A.E. Farmer Genetic basis of schizophrenia Lancet 346 1995 678 682
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.346 , pp. 678-682
    • McGuffin, P.1    Owen, M.J.2    Farmer, A.E.3
  • 121
    • 0030016099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disordered functional connectivity in schizophrenia
    • P.K. McGuire C.D. Frith Disordered functional connectivity in schizophrenia Psychol Med 26 1996 663 667
    • (1996) Psychol Med , vol.26 , pp. 663-667
    • McGuire, P.K.1    Frith, C.D.2
  • 122
    • 0027399416 scopus 로고
    • Head circumference in “preschizophrenic” and control neonates
    • T.F. McNeil E. Cantor-Graae L.G. Nordstrom Head circumference in “preschizophrenic” and control neonates Br J Psychiatry 162 1993 517 523
    • (1993) Br J Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 517-523
    • McNeil, T.F.1    Cantor-Graae, E.2    Nordstrom, L.G.3
  • 123
    • 0028110209 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function
    • F.A. Middleton P.L. Strick Anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function Science 266 1994 458 461
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 458-461
    • Middleton, F.A.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 124
    • 0026357804 scopus 로고
    • Early development of the human thalamus: Golgi and Nissl study
    • J. Mojsilovic N. Zecevic Early development of the human thalamus: Golgi and Nissl study Early Hum Dev 27 1991 119 144
    • (1991) Early Hum Dev , vol.27 , pp. 119-144
    • Mojsilovic, J.1    Zecevic, N.2
  • 125
    • 0029243620 scopus 로고
    • Craniofacial syndromes: No such thing as a single gene disease
    • J.A. Mulvihill Craniofacial syndromes: No such thing as a single gene disease Nat Genet 9 1995 101 103
    • (1995) Nat Genet , vol.9 , pp. 101-103
    • Mulvihill, J.A.1
  • 126
    • 0023638471 scopus 로고
    • Is schizophrenia a neurodevelopmental disorder?
    • R.M. Murray S.W. Lewis Is schizophrenia a neurodevelopmental disorder? BMJ 296 1987 681 682
    • (1987) BMJ , vol.296 , pp. 681-682
    • Murray, R.M.1    Lewis, S.W.2
  • 127
    • 0013691628 scopus 로고
    • Soft neurological signs and minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia
    • S.H. Nizamie A. Nizamie M.W. Sangma Soft neurological signs and minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia Indian Journal of Psychiatry 31 1989 230 237
    • (1989) Indian Journal of Psychiatry , vol.31 , pp. 230-237
    • Nizamie, S.H.1    Nizamie, A.2    Sangma, M.W.3
  • 128
  • 129
    • 0028148344 scopus 로고
    • Stability of cognitive functioning early in the course of schizophrenia
    • P. Nopoulos L. Flashman M. Flaum Stability of cognitive functioning early in the course of schizophrenia Schizophr Res 14 1994 29 37
    • (1994) Schizophr Res , vol.14 , pp. 29-37
    • Nopoulos, P.1    Flashman, L.2    Flaum, M.3
  • 130
    • 0030897688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cavum septi pellucidi in normals and patients with schizophrenia as detected by magnetic resonance imaging
    • P. Nopoulos V. Swayze M. Flaum Cavum septi pellucidi in normals and patients with schizophrenia as detected by magnetic resonance imaging Biol Psychiatry 41 1997 1102 1108
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 1102-1108
    • Nopoulos, P.1    Swayze, V.2    Flaum, M.3
  • 131
    • 85119801329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometry in schizophrenia revisited: Height and its relationship to premorbid function
    • P. Nopoulos N. Andreasen Morphometry in schizophrenia revisited: Height and its relationship to premorbid function Schizophr Res 24 1997 19 20
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.24 , pp. 19-20
    • Nopoulos, P.1    Andreasen, N.2
  • 132
    • 0028794058 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of minor physical anomalies and other putative indices of developmental disturbance in schizophrenia to abnormalities of cerebral structure on magnetic resonance imaging
    • E. O'Callaghan P. Buckley C. Madigan The relationship of minor physical anomalies and other putative indices of developmental disturbance in schizophrenia to abnormalities of cerebral structure on magnetic resonance imaging Biol Psychiatry 38 1995 516 524
    • (1995) Biol Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 516-524
    • O'Callaghan, E.1    Buckley, P.2    Madigan, C.3
  • 133
    • 0031557137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental insanity or dementia praecox: Was the wrong concept adopted?
    • P. O'Connell P.W.R. Woodruff I. Wright Developmental insanity or dementia praecox: Was the wrong concept adopted? Schizophr Res 23 1997 97 106
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.23 , pp. 97-106
    • O'Connell, P.1    Woodruff, P.W.R.2    Wright, I.3
  • 134
    • 0029070537 scopus 로고
    • Increased rate of P300 latency prolongation with age in schizophrenia
    • B.F. O'Donnell S.F. Faux R.W. McCarley Increased rate of P300 latency prolongation with age in schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 52 1995 544 549
    • (1995) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 544-549
    • O'Donnell, B.F.1    Faux, S.F.2    McCarley, R.W.3
  • 135
    • 0025131197 scopus 로고
    • Pronounced reduction of total neuron number in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and nucleus accumbens in schizophrenics
    • B. Pakkenberg Pronounced reduction of total neuron number in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and nucleus accumbens in schizophrenics Arch Gen Psychiatry 47 1990 1023 1028
    • (1990) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 1023-1028
    • Pakkenberg, B.1
  • 136
    • 0026633805 scopus 로고
    • The volume of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in treated and untreated schizophrenics
    • B. Pakkenberg The volume of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in treated and untreated schizophrenics Schizophr Res 7 1992 95 100
    • (1992) Schizophr Res , vol.7 , pp. 95-100
    • Pakkenberg, B.1
  • 137
    • 0029853761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar spectrum disorders in patients diagnosed with velo-cardio-facial syndrome: Does a hemizygous deletion of chromosome 22q11 result in bipolar affective disorder?
    • D.F. Papolos G.L. Faedda S. Veit Bipolar spectrum disorders in patients diagnosed with velo-cardio-facial syndrome: Does a hemizygous deletion of chromosome 22q11 result in bipolar affective disorder? Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 1541 1547
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 1541-1547
    • Papolos, D.F.1    Faedda, G.L.2    Veit, S.3
  • 138
    • 0028816344 scopus 로고
    • Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop
    • A. Parent L.N. Hazrati Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop Brain Research Reviews 20 1995 91 127
    • (1995) Brain Research Reviews , vol.20 , pp. 91-127
    • Parent, A.1    Hazrati, L.N.2
  • 139
  • 140
    • 0030472783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of the growth-associated protein GAP-43 are selectively increased in association cortices in schizophrenia
    • N.I. Perrone-Bizzozero A.C. Sower E.D. Bird Levels of the growth-associated protein GAP-43 are selectively increased in association cortices in schizophrenia Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93 1996 14182 14187
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.93 , pp. 14182-14187
    • Perrone-Bizzozero, N.I.1    Sower, A.C.2    Bird, E.D.3
  • 141
    • 0028915633 scopus 로고
    • Disturbances in cell recognition molecules (N-CAM and L1 antigen) in the CSF of patients with schizophrenia
    • M. Poltorak I. Khoja J.J. Hemperly Disturbances in cell recognition molecules (N-CAM and L1 antigen) in the CSF of patients with schizophrenia Exp Neurol 131 1995 266 272
    • (1995) Exp Neurol , vol.131 , pp. 266-272
    • Poltorak, M.1    Khoja, I.2    Hemperly, J.J.3
  • 142
    • 0030945211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia are discordant for N-CAM and L1 in CSF
    • M. Poltorak R. Wright J.J. Hemperly Monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia are discordant for N-CAM and L1 in CSF Brain Res 751 1997 152 154
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.751 , pp. 152-154
    • Poltorak, M.1    Wright, R.2    Hemperly, J.J.3
  • 143
    • 0028082293 scopus 로고
    • Sequential strategy to identify a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia: Report of potential linkage on chromosome 22q12-q13.1
    • A.E. Pulver M. Karayiorgou P.S. Wolyniec Sequential strategy to identify a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia: Report of potential linkage on chromosome 22q12-q13.1 Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 54 1994 36 43
    • (1994) Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) , vol.54 , pp. 36-43
    • Pulver, A.E.1    Karayiorgou, M.2    Wolyniec, P.S.3
  • 144
    • 0027989917 scopus 로고
    • Psychotic illness in patients diagnosed with velo-cardio-facial syndrome and their relatives
    • A.E. Pulver G. Nestadt R. Goldberg Psychotic illness in patients diagnosed with velo-cardio-facial syndrome and their relatives J Nerv Ment Dis 182 1994 476 478
    • (1994) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.182 , pp. 476-478
    • Pulver, A.E.1    Nestadt, G.2    Goldberg, R.3
  • 145
    • 0029071768 scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia: A genome scan targets chromosomes 3p and 8p as potential sites of susceptibility genes
    • A.E. Pulver V.K. Lasseter L. Kasch Schizophrenia: A genome scan targets chromosomes 3p and 8p as potential sites of susceptibility genes Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 60 1995 252 260
    • (1995) Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) , vol.60 , pp. 252-260
    • Pulver, A.E.1    Lasseter, V.K.2    Kasch, L.3
  • 146
    • 0030026227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptom stability in geriatric chronic schizophrenic inpatients: A one-year follow-up study
    • K.M. Putnam P.D. Harvey M. Parrella Symptom stability in geriatric chronic schizophrenic inpatients: A one-year follow-up study Biol Psychiatry 39 1996 92 99
    • (1996) Biol Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 92-99
    • Putnam, K.M.1    Harvey, P.D.2    Parrella, M.3
  • 147
    • 0022534163 scopus 로고
    • Outcome study of first-episode psychosis: Relapse rates after 1 year
    • C.J. Rabiner J.T. Wegner J.M. Kane Outcome study of first-episode psychosis: Relapse rates after 1 year Am J Psychiatry 143 1986 1155 1158
    • (1986) Am J Psychiatry , vol.143 , pp. 1155-1158
    • Rabiner, C.J.1    Wegner, J.T.2    Kane, J.M.3
  • 148
  • 149
    • 0030444261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletions in velocardiofacial syndrome patients with widely variable manifestations
    • J.B. Ravnan E. Chen M. Golabi Chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletions in velocardiofacial syndrome patients with widely variable manifestations Am J Med Genet 66 1996 250 256
    • (1996) Am J Med Genet , vol.66 , pp. 250-256
    • Ravnan, J.B.1    Chen, E.2    Golabi, M.3
  • 150
    • 0025456715 scopus 로고
    • Structural brain abnormalities in the major psychoses: A quantitative review of the evidence from computerized imaging
    • S. Raz N. Raz Structural brain abnormalities in the major psychoses: A quantitative review of the evidence from computerized imaging Psychol Bull 108 1990 93 108
    • (1990) Psychol Bull , vol.108 , pp. 93-108
    • Raz, S.1    Raz, N.2
  • 151
    • 0029876529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia, the heteromodal association neocortex and development: Potential for a neurogenetic approach
    • C.A. Ross G.D. Pearlson Schizophrenia, the heteromodal association neocortex and development: Potential for a neurogenetic approach Trends Neurosci 19 1996 171 176
    • (1996) Trends Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 171-176
    • Ross, C.A.1    Pearlson, G.D.2
  • 152
    • 0030903917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia and the myth of intellectual decline
    • A.J. Russell J.C. Munro P.B. Jones Schizophrenia and the myth of intellectual decline Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 635 639
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 635-639
    • Russell, A.J.1    Munro, J.C.2    Jones, P.B.3
  • 153
    • 0028235851 scopus 로고
    • Decreased regional cortical gray matter volume in schizophrenia
    • T.E. Schlaepfer G.J. Harris A.Y. Tien Decreased regional cortical gray matter volume in schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 842 848
    • (1994) Am J Psychiatry , vol.151 , pp. 842-848
    • Schlaepfer, T.E.1    Harris, G.J.2    Tien, A.Y.3
  • 154
    • 0031575404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The life course of schizophrenia: Age and symptom dimensions
    • S.K. Schulz D.D. Miller S.E. Oliver The life course of schizophrenia: Age and symptom dimensions Schizophr Res 23 1997 15 23
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.23 , pp. 15-23
    • Schulz, S.K.1    Miller, D.D.2    Oliver, S.E.3
  • 156
    • 0030825241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive (frontal) dysfunction and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Apparent gender differences in “static” vs “progressive” profiles
    • P.J. Scully G. Coakley A. Kinsella Executive (frontal) dysfunction and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Apparent gender differences in “static” vs “progressive” profiles Br J Psychiatry 171 1997 154 158
    • (1997) Br J Psychiatry , vol.171 , pp. 154-158
    • Scully, P.J.1    Coakley, G.2    Kinsella, A.3
  • 157
    • 0030814895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychopathology, executive (frontal) and general cognitive impairment in relation to duration of initially untreated vs subsequently treated psychosis in chronic schizophrenia
    • P.J. Scully G. Coakley A. Kinsella Psychopathology, executive (frontal) and general cognitive impairment in relation to duration of initially untreated vs subsequently treated psychosis in chronic schizophrenia Psychol Med 27 1997 1303 1310
    • (1997) Psychol Med , vol.27 , pp. 1303-1310
    • Scully, P.J.1    Coakley, G.2    Kinsella, A.3
  • 159
    • 0031027568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine induces apoptosis in cultured rat striatal neurons: Possible mechanism of D2-dopamine receptor neuron loss during aging
    • 2-dopamine receptor neuron loss during aging J Neurosci Res 47 1997 393 399
    • (1997) J Neurosci Res , vol.47 , pp. 393-399
    • Shinkai, T.1    Zhang, L.2    Mathias, S.A.3
  • 160
    • 0026524965 scopus 로고
    • First year of life: Prenatal craniofacial development
    • G.H. Sperber First year of life: Prenatal craniofacial development Cleft Palate Craniofac J 29 1992 109 111
    • (1992) Cleft Palate Craniofac J , vol.29 , pp. 109-111
    • Sperber, G.H.1
  • 162
    • 0028929328 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and genes of cellular suicide
    • H. Steller Mechanisms and genes of cellular suicide Science 267 1995 1445 1449
    • (1995) Science , vol.267 , pp. 1445-1449
    • Steller, H.1
  • 163
    • 0028863960 scopus 로고
    • Common molecular pathways for patterning of the body axis, limbs, central nervous system and face during embryonic development
    • C.D. Stern Common molecular pathways for patterning of the body axis, limbs, central nervous system and face during embryonic development Cleft Palate Craniofac J 32 1995 525 527
    • (1995) Cleft Palate Craniofac J , vol.32 , pp. 525-527
    • Stern, C.D.1
  • 164
    • 0027271834 scopus 로고
    • Lesions of the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices in the monkey produce long-lasting memory impairment in the visual and tactual modalities
    • W.A. Suzuki S. Zola-Morgan L.R. Squire Lesions of the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices in the monkey produce long-lasting memory impairment in the visual and tactual modalities J Neurosci 13 1993 2430 2451
    • (1993) J Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 2430-2451
    • Suzuki, W.A.1    Zola-Morgan, S.2    Squire, L.R.3
  • 165
    • 0029989616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Course of treatment response in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia
    • S.R. Szymanski T.D. Cannon F. Gallacher Course of treatment response in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 519 525
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 519-525
    • Szymanski, S.R.1    Cannon, T.D.2    Gallacher, F.3
  • 166
    • 0029927959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skull base and calvarial deformities: Association with intracranial changes in craniofacial syndromes
    • A.M. Tokumaru A.J. Barkovich S.F. Ciricillo Skull base and calvarial deformities: Association with intracranial changes in craniofacial syndromes Am J Neuroradiol 17 1996 619 630
    • (1996) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.17 , pp. 619-630
    • Tokumaru, A.M.1    Barkovich, A.J.2    Ciricillo, S.F.3
  • 167
    • 1842372150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informative morphogenetic variants in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol-dependent patients: Beyond the Waldrop scale
    • M. Trixler T. Tenyi G. Csabi Informative morphogenetic variants in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol-dependent patients: Beyond the Waldrop scale Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 691 693
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 691-693
    • Trixler, M.1    Tenyi, T.2    Csabi, G.3
  • 168
    • 0028858104 scopus 로고
    • The case for heterogeneity in the etiology of schizophrenia
    • M.T. Tsuang S.V. Faraone The case for heterogeneity in the etiology of schizophrenia Schizophr Res 17 1995 161 175
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.17 , pp. 161-175
    • Tsuang, M.T.1    Faraone, S.V.2
  • 169
    • 0027787426 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D2 receptor density estimates in schizophrenia: A positron emission tomography study with 11C-N-methylspiperone
    • 11C-N-methylspiperone Psychiatry Res 49 1993 219 237
    • (1993) Psychiatry Res , vol.49 , pp. 219-237
    • Tune, L.E.1    Wong, D.F.2    Pearlson, G.3
  • 171
    • 0030947238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation of Pax2 and Pax5 in midbrain and cerebellum development
    • P. Urbanek I. Fetka M.H. Meisler Cooperation of Pax2 and Pax5 in midbrain and cerebellum development Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 1997 5703 5708
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 5703-5708
    • Urbanek, P.1    Fetka, I.2    Meisler, M.H.3
  • 172
    • 0031575414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time course of cerebral ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia supports the hypothesis of its neurodevelopmental nature
    • A. Vita M. Dieci G.M. Giobbio Time course of cerebral ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia supports the hypothesis of its neurodevelopmental nature Schizophr Res 23 1997 25 30
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.23 , pp. 25-30
    • Vita, A.1    Dieci, M.2    Giobbio, G.M.3
  • 173
    • 0027392834 scopus 로고
    • Neurodynamics of abnormalities in cerebral metabolism and structure in schizophrenia
    • J.L. Waddington Neurodynamics of abnormalities in cerebral metabolism and structure in schizophrenia Schizophr Bull 19 1993 55 69
    • (1993) Schizophr Bull , vol.19 , pp. 55-69
    • Waddington, J.L.1
  • 174
    • 0027536026 scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia: Developmental neuroscience and pathobiology
    • J.L. Waddington Schizophrenia: Developmental neuroscience and pathobiology Lancet 341 1993 531 536
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 531-536
    • Waddington, J.L.1
  • 176
  • 177
    • 0029083458 scopus 로고
    • Sequential cross-sectional and ten-year prospective study of severe negative symptoms in relation to duration of initially untreated psychosis in chronic schizophrenia
    • J.L. Waddington H.A. Youssef A. Kinsella Sequential cross-sectional and ten-year prospective study of severe negative symptoms in relation to duration of initially untreated psychosis in chronic schizophrenia Psychol Med 25 1995 849 857
    • (1995) Psychol Med , vol.25 , pp. 849-857
    • Waddington, J.L.1    Youssef, H.A.2    Kinsella, A.3
  • 178
    • 0002622778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural brain imaging and schizophrenia in a neurodevelopmental context.
    • J.L. Waddington E. O'Callaghan P.F. Buckley Structural brain imaging and schizophrenia in a neurodevelopmental context. Waddington J.L. Buckley P.F. The Neurodevelopmental Basis of Schizophrenia 1996 Landes Austin 95 106
    • (1996) , pp. 95-106
    • Waddington, J.L.1    O'Callaghan, E.2    Buckley, P.F.3
  • 179
    • 0031557146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental trajectory and disease progression in schizophrenia: The conundrum, and insights from a 12-year prospective study in the Monaghan 101
    • J.L. Waddington P.J. Scully H.A. Youssef Developmental trajectory and disease progression in schizophrenia: The conundrum, and insights from a 12-year prospective study in the Monaghan 101 Schizophr Res 23 1997 107 118
    • (1997) Schizophr Res , vol.23 , pp. 107-118
    • Waddington, J.L.1    Scully, P.J.2    Youssef, H.A.3
  • 180
    • 85119817162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waddington JL, Buckley PF, Scully PJ, et al: Course of psychopathology, cognition and neurobiological abnormality in schizophrenia: Developmental origins and amelioration by antipsychotics? J Psychiatr Res (in press)
  • 181
    • 0027964238 scopus 로고
    • Developmentally moderated expressions of the neuropathology underlying schizophrenia
    • E.F. Walker Developmentally moderated expressions of the neuropathology underlying schizophrenia Schizophr Bull 20 1994 453 480
    • (1994) Schizophr Bull , vol.20 , pp. 453-480
    • Walker, E.F.1
  • 182
    • 0028092753 scopus 로고
    • Neuromotor precursors of schizophrenia
    • F. Walker T. Savoie D. Davis Neuromotor precursors of schizophrenia Schizophr Bull 20 1994 441 451
    • (1994) Schizophr Bull , vol.20 , pp. 441-451
    • Walker, F.1    Savoie, T.2    Davis, D.3
  • 183
    • 0030589034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood behavioral characteristics and adult brain morphology in schizophrenia
    • E.F. Walker R.R.J. Lewine C. Neumann Childhood behavioral characteristics and adult brain morphology in schizophrenia Schizophr Res 22 1996 93 101
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.22 , pp. 93-101
    • Walker, E.F.1    Lewine, R.R.J.2    Neumann, C.3
  • 184
    • 0030589715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of brain and cranial size in schizophrenia
    • K.E. Ward L. Friedman A. Wise Meta-analysis of brain and cranial size in schizophrenia Schizophr Res 22 1996 197 213
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.22 , pp. 197-213
    • Ward, K.E.1    Friedman, L.2    Wise, A.3
  • 185
    • 0029119055 scopus 로고
    • From neuropathology to neurodevelopment
    • D.R. Weinberger From neuropathology to neurodevelopment Lancet 346 1995 552 557
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.346 , pp. 552-557
    • Weinberger, D.R.1
  • 186
    • 0023215296 scopus 로고
    • Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia
    • D.R. Weinberger Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 44 1987 660 669
    • (1987) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 660-669
    • Weinberger, D.R.1
  • 187
    • 0030031950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What's in a face?
    • R.M. Winter What's in a face? Nat Genet 12 1996 124 129
    • (1996) Nat Genet , vol.12 , pp. 124-129
    • Winter, R.M.1
  • 188
    • 0030272977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI brain abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia: One process or more?
    • B.T. Woods D. Yurgelun-Todd J.M. Goldstein MRI brain abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia: One process or more? Biol Psychiatry 40 1996 585 596
    • (1996) Biol Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 585-596
    • Woods, B.T.1    Yurgelun-Todd, D.2    Goldstein, J.M.3
  • 189
    • 0026040246 scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptics and the natural course of schizophrenia
    • R.J. Wyatt Neuroleptics and the natural course of schizophrenia Schizophr Bull 17 1991 325 351
    • (1991) Schizophr Bull , vol.17 , pp. 325-351
    • Wyatt, R.J.1
  • 190
    • 0030942874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term morbidity associated with delayed treatment of first admission schizophrenic patients: A re-analysis of the Camarillo State Hospital data
    • R.J. Wyatt M.F. Green A.H. Tuma Long-term morbidity associated with delayed treatment of first admission schizophrenic patients: A re-analysis of the Camarillo State Hospital data Psychol Med 27 1997 261 268
    • (1997) Psychol Med , vol.27 , pp. 261-268
    • Wyatt, R.J.1    Green, M.F.2    Tuma, A.H.3
  • 191
    • 0029845921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal development of NADPH-diaphorase-reactive neurons in human frontal cortex
    • X.X. Yan L.J. Garey L.S. Jen Prenatal development of NADPH-diaphorase-reactive neurons in human frontal cortex Cereb Cortex 6 1996 737 745
    • (1996) Cereb Cortex , vol.6 , pp. 737-745
    • Yan, X.X.1    Garey, L.J.2    Jen, L.S.3
  • 192
    • 0030896163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal development of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase activity in the human hippocampal formation
    • X.X. Yan C.E. Ribak Prenatal development of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase activity in the human hippocampal formation Hippocampus 7 1997 215 231
    • (1997) Hippocampus , vol.7 , pp. 215-231
    • Yan, X.X.1    Ribak, C.E.2
  • 193
    • 0030955717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size, shape and orientation of neurons in the left and right hippocampus: Investigation of normal asymmetries and alterations in schizophrenia
    • D.W. Zaidel M.E. Esiri P.J. Harrison Size, shape and orientation of neurons in the left and right hippocampus: Investigation of normal asymmetries and alterations in schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 812 818
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 812-818
    • Zaidel, D.W.1    Esiri, M.E.2    Harrison, P.J.3
  • 194
    • 0026590077 scopus 로고
    • Widespread cerebral gray matter volume deficits in schizophrenia
    • R.B. Zipursky K.O. Lim E.V. Sullivan Widespread cerebral gray matter volume deficits in schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 49 1992 195 205
    • (1992) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 195-205
    • Zipursky, R.B.1    Lim, K.O.2    Sullivan, E.V.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.