Herpesvirus proteases: Targets for novel antiviral drugs

Antiviral Research

Volumn 35, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 1-21

  Holwerda, Barry C ^a  

^a PFIZER INC   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiviral drugs; Herpesvirus; Proteases inhibitor

Indexed keywords

ANTIVIRUS AGENT; PROTEINASE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; SERINE PROTEINASE; SERINE PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; VIRUS ENZYME;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DRUG DESIGN; ENZYME KINETICS; ENZYME SPECIFICITY; ENZYME STRUCTURE; ENZYME SUBSTRATE; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 1; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 2; HERPES VIRUS; HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; REVIEW; VIRUS CAPSID; VIRUS MUTANT; VIRUS REPLICATION;

HERPES; HERPESVIRIDAE; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 1; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 2; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 5; MIRIDAE;

EID: 0030923941     PISSN: 01663542     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0166-3542(97)00012-0     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Baum, E.Z., Bebernitz, G.A., Hulmes, J.D., Muzithras, V.P., Jones, T.R. and Gluzman, Y. (1993) Expression and analysis of the human cytomegalovirus UL80-encoded protease: Identification of autoproteolytic sites. J. Virol. 67, 497-506.
2. Baum, E.Z., Ding, W.D., Siegel, M.M., Hulmes, J., Bebernitz, G.A., Sridharan, L., Tabei, K., Krishnamurthy, G., Carofiglio, T., Groves, J.T., Bloom, J.D., DiGrandi, M., Bradley, M., Ellestad, G., Seddon, A.P. and Gluzman, Y. (1996a) Flavins inhibit human cytomegalovirus UL80 protease via disulfide bond formation. Biochemistry 35, 5847-5855.
3. Baum, E.Z., Johnston, S.H., Bebernitz, G.A. and Gluzman, Y. (1996b) Development of a scintillation proximity assay for human cytomegalovirus protease using 33-phosphorous. Anal. Biochem. 237, 129-134.
4. Baum, E.Z., Siegel, M.M., Bebernitz, G.A., Hulmes, J.D., Sridharan, L., Sun, L., Tabei, K., Johnston, S.H., Wildey, M.J., Nygaard, J., Jones, T.R. and Gluzman, Y. (1996c) Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus UL80 protease by specific intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Biochemistry 35, 5838-5846.
5. Beaudet-Miller, M., Zhang, R., Durkin, J., Gibson, W., Kwong, A.D. and Hong, Z. (1996) Virus-specific interaction between the human cytomegalovirus major capsid protein and the C terminus of the assembly protein. J. Virol. 70, 8081-8088.
6. Braun, D.K., Pereira, L., Norrild, B. and Roizman, B. (1983) Application of denatured, electrophoretically separated, and immobilized Iysates of herpes simplex virus-infected cells for detection of monoclonal antibodies and for studies of the properties of viral proteins. J. Virol. 46, 103-112.
7. Braun, D.K., Roizman, B. and Pereira, L. (1984) Characterization of posttranslational products of herpes simplex virus gene 35 proteins binding to the surfaces of full capsids but not empty capsids. J. Virol. 49, 142-153.
8. Burck, P.J., Berg, D.H., Luk, T.P., Sassmannshausen, L.M., Wakulchik, M., Smith, D.P., Hsiung, H.M., Becker, G.W., Gibson, W. and Villarreal, E.C. (1994) Human cytomegalovirus maturational proteinase: Expression in Escherichia coli, purification, and enzymatic characterization by using peptide substrate mimics of natural cleavage sites. J. Virol. 68, 2937-2946.
9. Chen, P., Tsuge, H., Almassy, R.J., Gribskov, C.L., Katoh, S., Vanderpool, D.L., Margosiak, S.A., Pinko, C., Matthews, D.A. and Kan, C.-C. (1996) Structure of the human cytomegalovirus protease catalytic domain reveals a novel serine protease fold and catalytic triad. Cell 86, 835-843.
10. Chu, M., Mierzwa, R., Truumees, l., King, A., Patel, M., Pichardo, J., Hart, A., Dasmahapatra, B., Das, P.R. and Puar, M.S. (1996) Sch 65676: A novel fungal metabolise with inhibitory activity against the cytomegalovirus protease. Tetrahedron Lett. 37, 3943-3946.
11. Cole, J.L. (1996) Characterization of Human cytomegalovirus protease dimerization by analytical centrifugation. Biochemistry 35, 15601-15610.
12. Cox, G.A., Wakulchik, M., Sassmannshausen, L.M., Gibson, W. and Villarreal, E.C. (1995) Human cytomegalovirus proteinase: Candidate glutamic acid identified as third member of putative active-site triad. J. Virol. 69, 4524-4528.
13. Darke, P.L., Chen, E., Hall, D.L., Sardana, M.K., Veloski, C.A., LaFemina, R.L., Shafer, J.A. and Kuo, L.C. (1994) Purification of active herpes simplex virus 1 protease expressed in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 18708-18711.
14. Darkel P.L., Cole, J.L., Waxman, L., Hall, D.L., Sardana, M.K. and Kuo, L.C. (1996) Active human cytomegalovirus protease is a dimer. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 7445-7449.
15. Deckman, I.C., Hagen, M. and McCann III, P.J. (1992) Herpes simplex virus type 1 protease expressed in Escherichia coli exhibits autoprocessing and specific cleavage of the ICP35 assembly protein. J. Virol. 66, 7362-7367.
16. Desai, P. and Person, S. (1996) Molecular interactions between the HSV-1 capsid proteins as measured by the yeast two-hybrid system. Virology 220, 516-521.
17. Desai, P., Watkins, S.C. and Person, S. (1994) The size and symmetry of B capsids of herpes simplex virus type 1 are determined by the gene products of the UL26 open reading frame. J. Virol. 68, 5365-5374.
18. Dilanni, C.L., Drier, D.A., Deckman, I.C., McCann III, P.J., Liu, F., Roizman, B., Colonno, R.J. and Cordingley, M.G. (1993a) Identification of the herpes simplex virus 1 protease cleavage sites by direct sequence analysis of autoproteolytic cleavage products. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 2048-2051.
19. DiIanni, C.L., Mapelli, C., Drier, D.A., Tsao, J., Natarajan, S., Riexinger, D., Festin, S.M., Bolgar, M., Yamanaka, G., Weinheimer, S.P., Meyers, C.A., Colonno, R.J. and Cordingley, M.G. (1993b) In vitro activity of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease with peptide substrates. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 25 449-25 454.
20. DiIanni, C.L., Stevens, J.T., Bolgar, M., O'Boyle II, D.R., Weinheimer, S.P. and Colonno, R.J. (1994) Identification of the specific serine residue at the active site of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 12 672-12 676.
21. Donaghy, G. and Jupp, R. (1995) Characterization of the Epstein-Barr virus proteinase and comparison with the human cytomegalovirus proteinase. J. Virol. 69, 1265-1270.
22. Fahrney, D.E. and Gold, A.M. (1963) Sulfonyl fluorides as inhibitors of esterases. I. Rates of reaction with acetylcholinesterase, chymotrypsin, and trypsin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 997-1000.
23. Flynn, D.L., Becker, D.P., Moormann, A., Villamil, C., Houseman, K., Wittwer, A., Levine, L., Toth, M., Hippenmeyer, P., Dilworth, V., Highkin, M., Rankin, A. and Holwerda, B.C. (1997) The herpesvirus protease: Mechanistic studies and design of prototype inhibitors. Drug Design Discov. (in press).
24. Gao, M., Matusick-Kumar, L., Hurlburt, W., DiTusa, S.F., Newcomb, W.W., Brown, J.C., McCann lil, P.J., Deckman, I. and Colonno, R.J. (1994) The protease of herpes simplex virus type 1 is essential for functional capsid formation and viral growth. J. Virol. 68, 3702-3712.
25. Gibson, W. (1996) A 'picture' is worth a thousand experiments: Crystal structures of the assemblin proteinase should contribute to the development of new drugs against cytomegalovirus. Nature Med 2, 1193-1194.
26. Gibson, W., Marcy, A.l., Comolli, J.C. and Lee, J. (1990) Identification of precursor to cytomegalovirus capsid assembly protein and evidence that processing results in loss of its carboxy-terminal end. J. Virol. 64, 1241-1249.
27. Gibson, W. and Roizman, B. (1972) Proteins specified by herpes simplex Virus. VIII. Characterization and composition of multiple capsid forms and subtypes 1 and 2. J. Virol. 10, 1044-1052.
28. Gibson, W., Welch, A.R. and Hall, M.R.T. (1995) Assemblin, a herpes virus serine maturational proteinase and new molecular target for antivirals. Perspect. Drug Discov. Design 2, 413-426.
29. Godefroy, S. and Guenet, C. (1995) Autoprocessing of HSV-1 protease: Effect of deletions on autoproteolysis. Febs Lett. 357, 168-172.
30. Haanes, E.J., Thomsen, D.R., Martin, S., Homa, F.L. and Lowery, D.E. (1995) The bovine herpesvirus 1 maturational proteinase and scaffold proteins can substitute for the homologous herpes simplex virus type 1 proteins in the formation of hybrid type B capsids. J. Virol. 69, 7375-7379.
31. Hall, D.L. and Darke, P.L. (1995) Activation of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 22 697-22 700.
32. Hall, M.R.T. and Gibson, W. (1996) Cytomegalovirus assemblin: The amino and carboxyl domains of the proteinase form active enzyme when separately cloned and coexpressed in eukaryotic cells. J. Virol. 70, 5395-5404.
33. Handa, B.K., Keech, E., Conway, E.A., Broadhurst, A. and Ritchie, A. (1995) Design and synthesis of a quenched fluorogenic peptide substrate for human cytomegalovirus proteinase. Antiviral Chem. Chemother. 6, 255-261.
34. Harper, D.R. (1994) Herpesvirus assembly proteins. Rev. Med. Virol. 4, 119-128.
35. Hippenmeyer, P.J., Rankin, A.M., Luckow, V.A. and Neises, G.R. (1997) Protease-deficient herpes simplex virus protects mice from lethal herpesvirus infection. J. Virol. 71, 988-995.
36. Holskin, B.P., Bukhtlyarova, M., Dunn, B.M., Baur, P., DeChastonay, J. and Pennington, M.W. (1995) A continuous fluorescence-based assay of human cytomegalovirus protease using a peptide substrate. Anal. Biochem. 227, 148-155.
37. Holwerda, B.C., Wittwer, A.J., Duffin, K.L., Smith, C., Toth, M.V., Carr, L.S., Wiegand, R.C. and Bryant, M.L. (1994) Activity of two-chain recombinant human cytomegalovirus protease. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 25911-25915.
38. Hong, Z., Beaudetmiller, M., Durkin, J., Zhang, R.M. and Kwong, A.D. (1996) Identification of a minimal hydrophobic domain in the herpes simplex virus type 1 scaffolding protein which is required for interaction with the major capsid protein. J. Virol. 70, 533-540.
39. Jarvest, R.L., Parratt, M.J., Debouck, C.M., Gorniak, J.G., Jennings, L.J., Serafinowska, H.T. and Strickler, J.E. (1996) Inhibition of HSV-1 protease by benzoxazinones. Bioorg. Medicinal Chem. Lett. 6, 2463-2466.
40. Jones, T.R., Sun, L., Bebernitz, G.A., Muzithras, V.P., Kim, H.J., Johnston, S.H. and Baum, E.Z. (1994) Proteoiytic activity of human cytomegalovirus UL80 protease cleavage site mutants. J. Virol. 68, 3742-3752.
41. Kennard, J., Rixon, F.J., McDougall, l.M., Tatman, J.D. and Preston, V.G. (1995) The 25 amino acid residues at the carboxy terminus of the herpes simplex virus type-1 UL26.5 protein are required for the formation of the capsid shell around the scaffold. J. Gen. Virol. 76, 1611-1621.
42. LaFemina, R.L., Bakshi, K., Long, W.L., Pramanik, B., Veloski, C.A., Wolanski, B.S., Marcy, All. and Hazuda, D.J. (1996) Characterization of a soluble stable human cytomegalovirus protease and inhibition by M-site peptide mimics. J. Virol. 70, 4819-4824.
43. Levine, L.M., Michener, M.L., Toth, M.V. and Holwerda, B.C. (1997) Measurement of specific protease activity utilizing fluorescence polarization. Anal. Biochem. (in press).
44. Liu, F. and Roizman, B. (1991a) The herpes simplex virus 1 gene encoding a protease also contains within its coding domain the gene encoding the more abundant substrate. J. Virol. 65, 5149-5156.
45. Liu, F. and Roizman, B. (1991b) The promoter, transcriptional unit, and coding sequence of herpes simplex virus 1 family 35 proteins are contained within and in frame with the UL26 open reading frame. J. Virol. 65, 206-212.
46. Liu, F. and Roizman, B. (1992) Differentiation of multiple domains in the herpes simplex virus 1 protease encoded by the UL26 gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 2076-2080.
47. Liu, F. and Roizman, B. (1993) Characterization of the protease and other products of amino-terminus-proximal cleavage of the herpes simplex virus 1 UL26 protein. J. Virol. 67, 1300-1309.
48. Loutsch, J.M., Galvin, N.J., Bryant, M.L. and Holwerda, B.C. (1994) Cloning and sequence analysis of murine cytomegalovirus protease and capsid assembly protein genes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203, 472-478.
49. Margosiak, S.A., Vanderpool, D.L., Sisson, W., Pinko, C. and Kan, C.C. (1996) Dimerization of the human cytomegalovirus protease: Kinetic and biochemical characterization of the catalytic homodimer. Biochemistry 35, 5300-5307.
50. Matusick-Kumar, L., Hurlburt, W., Weinheimer, S. P., Newcomb, W.W., Brown, J.C. and Gao, M. (1994) Phenotype of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease substrate ICP35 mutant virus. J. Virol. 68, 5384-5394.
51. Matusick-Kumar, L., McCann, P.J.I., Robertson, B.J., Newcomb, W.W., Brown, J.C. and Gao, M. (1995a) Release of the catalytic domain N(o) from the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease is required for viral growth. J. Virol. 69, 7113-7121.
52. Matusick-Kumar, L., Newcomb, W.W., Brown, J.C., McCann III, P.J., Hurlburt, W., Weinheimer, S.P. and Gao, M. (1995b) The C-terminal 25 amino acids of the protease and its substrate ICP35 of herpes simplex virus type 1 are involved in the formation of sealed capsids. J. Virol. 69, 4347-4356.
53. McCann, P.J.I., O'Boyle II, D.R. and Deckman, I.C. (1994) Investigation of the specificity of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease by point mutagenesis of the autoproteolysis sites. J. Virol. 68, 526-529.
54. McGeoch, D.J.M., Dalrymple, M.A., Davison, A.J., Dolan, A., Frame, M.C., McNab, D., Perry, L.J., Scott, J.E. and Taylor, P. (1988) The complete DNA sequence of the long unique region in the genome of herpes simplex virus type 1. J. Gen. Virol. 69, 1531-1574.
55. O'Boyle, D.R.I., Wager-Smith, K., Stevens lil, J.T. and Weinheimer, S.P. (1995) The effect of internal autocleavage on kinetic properties of the human cytomegalovirus protease catalytic domain. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 4753-4758.
56. Oien, N.L., Thomsen, D.R., Wathen, M.W., Newcomb, W.W., Brown, J.C. and Homa, F.L. (1997) Assembly of herpes simplex virus capsids using the human cytomegalovirus scaffold protein: Critical role of the C-terminus. J. Virol. 71, 1281-1291.
57. Pinko, C., Margosiak, S.A., Vandarpool, D., Gutowski, J.C., Condon, B. and Kan, C.C. (1995) Single-chain recombinant human cytomegalovirus protease: Activity against its natural protein substrate and fluorogenic 60 peptide substrates. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 23 634-23 640.
58. Pinto, I.L., West, A., Debouck, C.M., DiLella, A.G., Gorniak, J.G., O'Donnell, K.C., O'Shannessy, D.J., Patel, A. and Jarvest, R.L. (1996) Novel, selective mechanism-based inhibitors of the herpes proteases. Bioorg. Medicinal Chem. Lett. 6, 2467-2472.
59. Preston, V.G., Coates, J.A.V. and Rixon, F.J. (1983) Identification and characterization of a herpes simplex virus gene product required for encapsidation of virus DNA. J. Virol. 45, 1056-1064.
60. Preston, V.G., F., A.-K.M., McDougall, I.M. and Rixon, F.J. (1994) The herpes simplex virus gene UL26 proteinase in the presence of the UL26.5 gene product promotes the formation of scaffold-like structures. J. Gen. Virol. 75, 2355-2366.
61. Preston, V.G., Rixon, F.J., McDougall, I.M., McGregor, M. and Al-Kobaisi, M.F. (1992) Processing of the herpes simplex virus assembly protein ICP35 near its carboxy-terminal end requires the product of the whole of the UL26 reading frame. Virology 186, 87-98.
62. Qiu, X., Culp, J.S., DiLella, A.G., Hellmig, B., Hoog, S.S., Janson, C.A., Smith, W.W. and Abdel-Meguid, S.S. (1996) Unique fold and active site in cytomegalovirus protease. Nature 383, 275-279.
63. Rixon, F.J. (1993) Structure and assembly of herpesviruses. Seminars Virol. 4, 135-144.
64. Robertson, B.J., McCann III, P.J., Matusick-Kumar, L., Newcomb, W.W., Brown, J.C., Colonno, R.J. and Gao, M. (1996) Separate functional domains of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease: Evidence for cleavage inside capsids. J. Virol. 70, 4317-4328.
65. Robertson, B.J., McCann III, P.J., Matusick-Kumar, L., Preston, V.G. and Gao, M. (1997) Na, an autoproteolytic product of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease, can functionally substitute for the assembly protein ICP35. J. Virol. 71, 1683-1687.
66. Robson, L. and Gibson, W. (1989) Primate cytomegalovirus assembly protein: Genome localization and nucleotide sequence. J. Virol. 63, 669-676.
67. Sardana, V.V., Wolfgang, J.A., Veloski, C.A., Long, W.J., LeGrow, K., Wolanski, B., Emini, E.A. and LaFemina, R.L. (1994) Peptide substrate cleavage specificity of the human cytomegalovirus protease. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 14337-14340.
68. Schenck, P., Pietschmann, S., Gelderblom, H., Pauli, G. and Ludwig, H. (1988) Monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex virus type 1 -infected nuclei defining and localizing the ICP8 protein, 65K DNA-binding protein and polypeptides of the ICP35 family. J. Gen. Virol. 69, 99-111.
69. Schenk, P., Woods, A.S. and Gibson, W. (1991) The 45-kilo-dalton protein of cytomegalovirus (Colburn) B-capsids is an amino-terminal extension form of the assembly protein. J. Virol. 65, 1525-1529.
70. Shieh, H.-S., Kurumbail, R.G., Stevens, A.M., Stegeman, R.A., Sturman, E.J., Pak, J.Y., Wittwer, A.J., Palmier, M.O., Wiegand, R.C., Holwerda, B.C. and Stallings, W.C. (1996) Three-dimensional structure of human cytomegalovirus protease. Nature 383, 279-282.
71. Sloan, III, J.H., Loutsch, J.M., Boyce, S.Y. and Holwerda, B.C. (1997) Characterization of recombinant murine cytomegalovirus protease. (submitted).
72. Smith, M.C., Giordano, J., Cook, J.A., Wakulchik, M., Villarreal, E.C., Becker, G.W., Bemis, K., Labus, J. and Manetta, J.S. (1994) Purification and kinetic characterization of human cytomegalovirus protease. Methods Enzymol. 244, 412-423.
73. Stevens, J.T., Mapelli, C., Tsao, J., Hail, M., O'Boyle II, D., Weinheimer, S.P. and Diianni, C.L. (1994) In vitro proteolytic activity and active-site identification of the human cytomegalovirus protease. Eur. J. Biochem. 226, 361-367.
74. Tatman, J.D., Preston, V.G., Nicholson, P., Elliott, R.M. and Rixon, F.J. (1994) Assembly of herpes-simplex virus type-1 capsids using a panel of recombinant baculoviruses. J. Gen. Virol. 75, 1101-1113.
75. Teshima, T., Griffin, J.C. and Powers, J.C. (1982) A new class o heterocyclic serine protease inhibitors: Inhibition of human leukocyte elastase, porcine pancreatic elastase, cathepsin G, and bovine chymotrypsin A with substituted benzoxazinones, quinazilones, and anthranilates. J. Biol. Chem. 257, 5085-5091.
76. Thomsen, D.R., Newcomb, W.W., Brown, J.C. and Homa, F.L. (1995) Assembly of the herpes-simplex virus capsid: Requirement for the carboxyl-terminal 25 amino-acids of the proteins encoded by the UL26 and UL26.5 genes. J. Virol. 69, 3690-3703.
77. Thomsen, D.R., Roof, L.L. and Homa, F.L. (1994) Assembly of herpes simplex virus (HSV) intermediate capsids in insect ceils infected with recombinant baculoviruses expressing HSV capsid proteins. J. Virol. 68, 2442-2457.
78. Tigue, N.J., Matharu, P.J., Roberts, N.A., Mills, J.S., Kay, J. and Jupp, R. (1996) Cloning, expression, and characterization of the proteinase from human herpesvirus 6. J. Virol. 70, 4136-4141.
79. Tong, L., Qian, C., Massariol, M.-J., Bonneau, P.R., Cordingley, M.G. and Lagace, L. (1996) A new serine-protease fold revealed by the crystal structure of human cytomegalovirus protease. Nature 383, 272-275.
80. Uejima, Y., Kokubo, M., Oshida, J., Kawabata, H., Kato, Y. and Fujii, K. (1993) 5-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one derivatives: Specific inhibitors of human leukocyte elastase. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 265, 516-523.
81. Weinheimer, S. P., McCann III, P.J., O'Boyle II, D.R., Stevens, J.T., Boyd, B.A., Drier, D.A., Yamanaka, G.A., Dilanni, C.L., Deckman, I.C. and Cordingley, M.G. (1993) Autoproteolysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 protease releases an active catalytic domain found in intermediate capsid particles. J. Virol. 67, 5813-5822.
82. Welch, A.R., McNally, L.M. and Gibson, W. (1991a) Cytomegalovirus assembly protein nested gene family: Four 3′-coterminal transcripts encode four inframe, overlapping proteins. J. Virol. 65, 4091-4100.
83. Welch, A.R., McNally, L.M., Hall, M.R. and Gibson, W. (1993) Herpesvirus proteinase: Site-directed mutagenesis used to study maturational, release, and inactivation cleavage sites of precursor and to identify a possible catalytic site serine and histidine. J. Virol. 67, 7360-7372.
84. Welch, A.R., Villarreal, E.C. and Gibson, W. (1995) Cytomegalovirus protein substrates are not cleaved by the herpes simplex virus type 1 proteinase. J. Virol. 69, 341-347.
85. Welch, A.R., Woods, A.S., McNally, L.M., Cotter, R.J. and Gibson, W. (1991b) A herpesvirus maturational proteinase, assemblin: identification of its gene, putative active site domain, and cleavage site. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 10792-10796.
86. Wittwer, A.J., Wiegand, R.C., Bryant, M.L. and Holwerda, B.C. (1995) Interaction of cysteine modifying reagents with the assemblin protease from human cytomegalovirus. FASEB J. 9, A1345.
87. Wood, L.J., Baxter, M.K., Plafker, S.M. and Gibson, W. (1997) Human cytomegalovirus capsid assembly protein precursor (pUL80.5) interacts with itself and with the major capsid protein (pUL86) through two different domains. J. Virol. 71, 179-190.
88. Yamanaka, G., Dilanni, C.L., O'Boyle II, D.R., Stevens, J., Weinheimer, S.P., Deckman, I.C., Matusick-Kumar, L. and Colonno, R.J. (1995) Stimulation of the herpes simplex virus type I protease by antichaeotrophic salts. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 30 168-30 172.
89. Zweig, M., Heilman Jr., C.J., Rabin, H. and Hampar, B. (1980) Shared antigenic determinants between two distinct classes of proteins in cells infected with herpes simplex virus. J. Virol. 644-652.