메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-157

The pain of helping: Psychological injury of helping professionals

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85119492592     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (24)

References (327)
  • 2
    • 23044520330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conceptual model and implications for coping with stressful events in police work
    • Anshel, M. (2000). A conceptual model and implications for coping with stressful events in police work. Criminal Justice &Behavior, 21, 375-400.
    • (2000) Criminal Justice &Behavior, , vol.21 , pp. 375-400
    • Anshel, M.1
  • 3
    • 0035667489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of post-traumatic stress disorders
    • Cardena, E. (2001). Evaluation of post-traumatic stress disorders. Military Medicine, 166, 53-54.
    • (2001) Military Medicine, , vol.166 , pp. 53-54
    • Cardena, E.1
  • 4
    • 0011963855 scopus 로고
    • Traumatology: A field whose time has come
    • Donovan, D. (1991). Traumatology: A field whose time has come. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 4, 433-36.
    • (1991) Journal of Traumatic Stress, , vol.4 , pp. 433-436
    • Donovan, D.1
  • 5
    • 21144476714 scopus 로고
    • Traumatology: What's in a name?
    • Donovan, D. (1993). Traumatology: What's in a name? Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6, 409-411.
    • (1993) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.6 , pp. 409-411
    • Donovan, D.1
  • 6
    • 85119475282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ebsco Publishing (2003). www.epnet.com.
    • (2003)
  • 7
    • 0012536772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social science versus social movements: The origins and natural history of debriefin
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Gist, R., & Woodall, S. (1998). Social science versus social movements: The origins and natural history of debriefing. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 2(1). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (1998) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.2 , Issue.1
    • Gist, R.1    Woodall, S.2
  • 8
    • 0000709816 scopus 로고
    • Defining trauma: Terminology and generic stressor dimensions
    • Green, B. (1990). Defining trauma: Terminology and generic stressor dimensions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 1632-1642.
    • (1990) Journal of Applied Social Psychology, , vol.20 , pp. 1632-1642
    • Green, B.1
  • 9
    • 85047669552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute stress disorder: A synthesis and critique
    • Harvey, A., & Bryant, R. (2002). Acute stress disorder: A synthesis and critique. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 886-902.
    • (2002) Psychological Bulletin, , vol.128 , pp. 886-902
    • Harvey, A.1    Bryant, R.2
  • 11
    • 85119469964 scopus 로고
    • Acute traumatic stress: Guidelines for treating mass-causality survivors from the Persian Gulf wa
    • Retrieved May 26 2003, from
    • Pontius, E. (1993). Acute traumatic stress: Guidelines for treating mass-causality survivors from the Persian Gulf war. NCPTSD Clinical Quarterly, 3(1). Retrieved May 26, 2003, from http://www.ncptsd.org/publications/cq/v3/n1/pontius.html.
    • (1993) NCPTSD Clinical Quarterly , vol.3 , Issue.1
    • Pontius, E.1
  • 12
    • 85119514691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress (PILOTS). (2003). http://www.ncptsd.org/research/pilots/index.html.
    • (2003)
  • 13
    • 0008871143 scopus 로고
    • Steps toward evaluating post-traumatic stress reaction as a psychiatric disorder
    • Robins, L. (1990). Steps toward evaluating post-traumatic stress reaction as a psychiatric disorder. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 167-1677.
    • (1990) Journal of Applied Social Psychology, , vol.20 , pp. 167-1677
    • Robins, L.1
  • 14
    • 0037405994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatization: Implications for the mental health of health workers?
    • Sabin-Farrell, R., & Turpin, G. (2003). Vicarious traumatization: Implications for the mental health of health workers? Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 449-80.
    • (2003) Clinical Psychology Review , vol.23 , pp. 449-480
    • Sabin-Farrell, R.1    Turpin, G.2
  • 15
    • 21144478481 scopus 로고
    • Traumatic stress studies: What's in a name?
    • Schnitt, J. (1993). Traumatic stress studies: What's in a name? Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6, 405-408.
    • (1993) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.6 , pp. 405-408
    • Schnitt, J.1
  • 16
    • 0033468247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatisation of counsellors and effects on their workplaces
    • Sexton, L. (1999). Vicarious traumatisation of counsellors and effects on their workplaces. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 21, 393-404.
    • (1999) British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, , vol.21 , pp. 393-404
    • Sexton, L.1
  • 17
    • 85119520902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traumatic stress: An overvie
    • Retrieved May 26 2003, from
    • Volpe, J. (1996). Traumatic stress: An overview. Trauma Response, 3(2). Retrieved May 26, 2003, from http://www.aaets.org/arts/art1.htm.
    • (1996) Trauma Response , vol.3 , Issue.2
    • Volpe, J.1
  • 18
    • 18144408106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moving forward from September 11: A stress/crisis/trauma response model
    • Waters, J. (2002). Moving forward from September 11: A stress/crisis/trauma response model. Brief Treatments and Crisis Intervention, 2, 55-74.
    • (2002) Brief Treatments and Crisis Intervention, , vol.2 , pp. 55-74
    • Waters, J.1
  • 20
    • 0346252319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Counsellor stress and impairment in the field of trauma
    • Arvay, M., & Uhlemann, M. (1996). Counsellor stress and impairment in the field of trauma. Canadian Journal of Counselling, 30, 193-210.
    • (1996) Canadian Journal of Counselling, , vol.30 , pp. 193-210
    • Arvay, M.1    Uhlemann, M.2
  • 22
    • 0037315133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatization, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout in sexual assault and domestic violence agency staff
    • Baird, S., & Jenkins, S. (2003). Vicarious traumatization, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout in sexual assault and domestic violence agency staff. Violence and Victims, 18, 71-86.
    • (2003) Violence and Victims, , vol.18 , pp. 71-86
    • Baird, S.1    Jenkins, S.2
  • 24
    • 0002881206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A qualitative study of the effect of a history of childhood sexual abuse on therapists who treat survivors of sexual abuse
    • Benatar, M. (2000). A qualitative study of the effect of a history of childhood sexual abuse on therapists who treat survivors of sexual abuse. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 1, 9-28.
    • (2000) Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, , vol.1 , pp. 9-28
    • Benatar, M.1
  • 25
    • 0037319877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early historical literature for posttraumatic symptomatology
    • Birmes, P., Hatton, L., Brunet, A., & Schmitt, L. (2003). Early historical literature for posttraumatic symptomatology. Stress and Health, 19, 17-26.
    • (2003) Stress and Health, , vol.19 , pp. 17-26
    • Birmes, P.1    Hatton, L.2    Brunet, A.3    Schmitt, L.4
  • 28
    • 0033831880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychotherapists with personal histories of psychiatric hospitalization: Countertransference in wounded healers
    • Cain, N. (2000). Psychotherapists with personal histories of psychiatric hospitalization: Countertransference in wounded healers. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 24, 22-29.
    • (2000) Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal , vol.24 , pp. 22-29
    • Cain, N.1
  • 30
    • 0036830822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The generalizability of Caregiver Strain Index in family caregivers of cancer patients
    • Chen, M, & Hu, L. (2002). The generalizability of Caregiver Strain Index in family caregivers of cancer patients. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 39, 823-830.
    • (2002) International Journal of Nursing Studies, , vol.39 , pp. 823-830
    • Chen, M.1    Hu, L.2
  • 32
    • 85090744385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatic stress among child protective service workers: Prevalence, severity, and predictive factors
    • Retrieved May 19 2003, from
    • Cornille, T., & Woodward Meyers, T. (1999). Secondary traumatic stress among child protective service workers: Prevalence, severity, and predictive factors. Traumatology 5 (4). Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.fsu.edu/~trauma/v6ia3.htm.
    • (1999) Traumatology , vol.5 , Issue.4
    • Cornille, T.1    Woodward Meyers, T.2
  • 33
    • 2342578043 scopus 로고
    • Psychology of Effort Syndrome
    • Culpin, M. (1920). Psychology of Effort Syndrome. The Lancet, 2, 184-186.
    • (1920) The Lancet, , vol.2 , pp. 184-186
    • Culpin, M.1
  • 34
    • 85068046075 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic perspectives on the nature and effects of combat stress
    • In C. Figley (Ed.), New York: Brunner/Mazel
    • DeFazio, V. (1978). Dynamic perspectives on the nature and effects of combat stress. In C. Figley (Ed.), Stress disorders among Vietnam veterans: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 23-42). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
    • (1978) Stress disorders among Vietnam veterans: Theory, research, and treatment , pp. 23-42
    • DeFazio, V.1
  • 37
    • 30344478791 scopus 로고
    • Mental health professionals versus non-mental health professionals: Childhood trauma and adult functioning
    • Elliott, D., & Guy, J. (1993). Mental health professionals versus non-mental health professionals: Childhood trauma and adult functioning. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 24, 83-90.
    • (1993) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, , vol.24 , pp. 83-90
    • Elliott, D.1    Guy, J.2
  • 39
    • 85008374813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caring for caregivers after 9/11
    • Feinberg, T. (2002). Caring for caregivers after 9/11. Education Digest, 61, 8-11.
    • (2002) Education Digest , vol.61 , pp. 8-11
    • Feinberg, T.1
  • 43
    • 0010668674 scopus 로고
    • Systemic traumatization: Secondary traumatic stress disorder in family therapists
    • In R.Mikesell, D.Lusterman, & S.McDaniel (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • Figley, C. (1995a). Systemic traumatization: Secondary traumatic stress disorder in family therapists. In R.Mikesell, D.Lusterman, & S.McDaniel (Eds.), Integrating family therapy: Handbook of family psychology and systems theory (pp. 571-581). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1995) Integrating family therapy: Handbook of family psychology and systems theory , pp. 571-581
    • Figley, C.1
  • 46
    • 21344496436 scopus 로고
    • Mental health and law enforcement professionals: Trauma history, psychological symptoms, and impact of providing services to child sexual abuse perpetrators
    • Follette, V., Poluusny, M, & Milbeck, K. (1994). Mental health and law enforcement professionals: Trauma history, psychological symptoms, and impact of providing services to child sexual abuse perpetrators. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25, 275-282.
    • (1994) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, , vol.25 , pp. 275-282
    • Follette, V.1    Poluusny, M.2    Milbeck, K.3
  • 47
    • 0031823333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colleagues in distress: 'Helping the helpers'
    • Gal, R. (1998). Colleagues in distress: 'Helping the helpers'. International Review of Psychiatry, 10, 234-238.
    • (1998) International Review of Psychiatry, , vol.10 , pp. 234-238
    • Gal, R.1
  • 49
    • 0000709816 scopus 로고
    • Defining trauma: Terminology and generic stressor dimensions
    • Green, B. (1990). Defining trauma: Terminology and generic stressor dimensions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 1632-1642.
    • (1990) Journal of Applied Social Psychology, , vol.20 , pp. 1632-1642
    • Green, B.1
  • 50
    • 0016379542 scopus 로고
    • When the patient reports atrocities: Specific treatment considerations of the Vietnam veteran
    • Haley, S. (1974). When the patient reports atrocities: Specific treatment considerations of the Vietnam veteran. Archives of General Psychiatry, 30, 191-196.
    • (1974) Archives of General Psychiatry, , vol.30 , pp. 191-196
    • Haley, S.1
  • 53
    • 0039918238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social worker trauma: Building resilience in child protection social workers
    • Horwitz, M. (1998). Social worker trauma: Building resilience in child protection social workers. Smith College Studies in Social Work, 68, 363-377.
    • (1998) Smith College Studies in Social Work, , vol.68 , pp. 363-377
    • Horwitz, M.1
  • 54
    • 84974132562 scopus 로고
    • Soldier's heart: The redefinition of heart disease and specialty formation in early twentieth century Great Britain
    • Howell, J. (1985). Soldier's heart: The redefinition of heart disease and specialty formation in early twentieth century Great Britain. Medical History, Supplement No. 5, 34-52.
    • (1985) Medical History, Supplement No. , vol.5 , pp. 34-52
    • Howell, J.1
  • 56
    • 84883221149 scopus 로고
    • Overwhelmed corrections workers can seek therapy
    • Retrieved December 27 2003, from
    • Janik, J. (1995). Overwhelmed corrections workers can seek therapy. Corrections Today, 57 (7). Retrieved December 27, 2003, from http://web24.epnet.com/citation.
    • (1995) Corrections Today , vol.57 , Issue.7
    • Janik, J.1
  • 57
    • 0036792479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma: A validation study
    • Jenkins, S., & Baird, S. (2002). Secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma: A validation study. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 423-32.
    • (2002) Journal of Traumatic Stress, , vol.15 , pp. 423-432
    • Jenkins, S.1    Baird, S.2
  • 58
    • 0026843677 scopus 로고
    • Coping with compassion fatigue
    • Joinson, C. (1992). Coping with compassion fatigue. Nursing, 22, 116-121.
    • (1992) Nursing, , vol.22 , pp. 116-121
    • Joinson, C.1
  • 59
    • 0002473271 scopus 로고
    • The risks of treating sexual trauma: Stress and secondary stress among therapists
    • In B.Stamm (Ed.), Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press
    • Kassam-Adams, N. (1995). The risks of treating sexual trauma: Stress and secondary stress among therapists. In B.Stamm (Ed.), Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators (pp. 37-50). Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
    • (1995) Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators , pp. 37-50
    • Kassam-Adams, N.1
  • 60
    • 0036699413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From supportive-listening to a solution-focused intervention for counsellors dealing with political trauma
    • Klingman, A. (2002). From supportive-listening to a solution-focused intervention for counsellors dealing with political trauma. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 30, 247-259.
    • (2002) British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, , vol.30 , pp. 247-259
    • Klingman, A.1
  • 62
    • 0023321670 scopus 로고
    • Internal stressors of nursing: Helper secrets
    • Larson, D. (1987). Internal stressors of nursing: Helper secrets. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, 25, 20-27.
    • (1987) Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, , vol.25 , pp. 20-27
    • Larson, D.1
  • 64
    • 34249963530 scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims
    • McCann, I., & Pearlman, L. (1990). Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3, 131-149.
    • (1990) Journal of Traumatic Stress, , vol.3 , pp. 131-149
    • McCann, I.1    Pearlman, L.2
  • 68
    • 0031690261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An interactional view of traumatic stress among First Nations counselors
    • Morrissette, P., & Naden, M. (1998). An interactional view of traumatic stress among First Nations counselors. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 9, 43-60.
    • (1998) Journal of Family Psychotherapy, , vol.9 , pp. 43-60
    • Morrissette, P.1    Naden, M.2
  • 69
    • 0033251419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial evaluation of the secondary trauma questionnaire
    • Motta, R., Kefer, J., Hertz, M., & Hafeez, S. (1999). Initial evaluation of the secondary trauma questionnaire. Psychological Reports, 85, 997-1002.
    • (1999) Psychological Reports, , vol.85 , pp. 997-1002
    • Motta, R.1    Kefer, J.2    Hertz, M.3    Hafeez, S.4
  • 70
    • 0038651137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Child abuse history, secondary traumatic stress, and child welfare workers
    • Nelson-Gardell, D., & Harris, D. (2003). Child abuse history, secondary traumatic stress, and child welfare workers. Child Welfare, LXXXII, 5-26.
    • (2003) Child Welfare, LXXXII , pp. 5-26
    • Nelson-Gardell, D.1    Harris, D.2
  • 71
    • 85119487384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma to one family member affects entire famil
    • Retrieved December 27 2003, from
    • Nelson, B., & Schwerdtfeger, K. (2002). Trauma to one family member affects entire family. Traumatic Stress Points, 16(7). Retrieved December 27, 2003, from http://www.cja.org/aboutCJA/CJA_NewsZCJA_Press_Stress_Spr02.htm.
    • (2002) Traumatic Stress Points , vol.16 , Issue.7
    • Nelson, B.1    Schwerdtfeger, K.2
  • 72
    • 0035536583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the etiology and effective management of professional distress and impairment among psychologists
    • O'Connor, M. (2001). On the etiology and effective management of professional distress and impairment among psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 32, 345-350.
    • (2001) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, , vol.32 , pp. 345-350
    • O'Connor, M.1
  • 73
    • 0035985816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and correlates of secondary traumatic stress in workplace lay trauma counselors
    • Ortlepp, K., & Friedman, M. (2002). Prevalence and correlates of secondary traumatic stress in workplace lay trauma counselors. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 213-222.
    • (2002) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.15 , pp. 213-222
    • Ortlepp, K.1    Friedman, M.2
  • 75
    • 21844492268 scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatization: An empirical study of the effects of trauma work on trauma therapists
    • Pearlman, L., & Maclan, P. (1995). Vicarious traumatization: An empirical study of the effects of trauma work on trauma therapists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 26, 558-565.
    • (1995) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, , vol.26 , pp. 558-565
    • Pearlman, L.1    Maclan, P.2
  • 77
    • 84998087118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interview with Charles R.Figley: Burnout in families and implications for the profession
    • Peeples, K. (2000). Interview with Charles R.Figley: Burnout in families and implications for the profession. The Family Journal, 8, 203-206.
    • (2000) The Family Journal, , vol.8 , pp. 203-206
    • Peeples, K.1
  • 78
    • 0006189521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overcoming compassion fatigue
    • Retrieved December 27, 2003, from
    • Pfifferling, J., & Gilley, K. (2000). Overcoming compassion fatigue. Family Practice Management, 7, (4). Retrieved December 27, 2003, from http://web24.epnet.com/citation.
    • (2000) Family Practice Management , vol.7 , Issue.4
    • Pfifferling, J.1    Gilley, K.2
  • 79
    • 70350357192 scopus 로고
    • National survey of psychologists' sexual and physical abuse history and their evaluation of training and competence in these areas
    • Pope, K., & Feldman-Summers, S. (1992). National survey of psychologists' sexual and physical abuse history and their evaluation of training and competence in these areas. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 23, 353-361.
    • (1992) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, , vol.23 , pp. 353-361
    • Pope, K.1    Feldman-Summers, S.2
  • 80
    • 0038485884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attending to embodied responses: A way to identify practice-based and human meanings associated with secondary trauma
    • Raingruber, B., & Kent, M. (2003). Attending to embodied responses: A way to identify practice-based and human meanings associated with secondary trauma. Qualitative Health Research, 13, 449-468.
    • (2003) Qualitative Health Research, , vol.13 , pp. 449-468
    • Raingruber, B.1    Kent, M.2
  • 81
    • 0002536150 scopus 로고
    • Who helps the helpers? The effects of a disaster on the rescue workers
    • Raphael, B., Singh, B., Bradbury, L., & Lambert, F. (1983). Who helps the helpers? The effects of a disaster on the rescue workers. OMEGA, 14, 9-20.
    • (1983) OMEGA , vol.14 , pp. 9-20
    • Raphael, B.1    Singh, B.2    Bradbury, L.3    Lambert, F.4
  • 84
    • 58249128049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating traumatized partners: Producing secondary survivors of PTSD
    • In C.Figley (Ed.), New York: CRC Press
    • Remer, R., & Ferguson, R. (1998). Treating traumatized partners: Producing secondary survivors of PTSD. In C.Figley (Ed.), Burnout infamilies: The systemic costs of caring (pp. 139-170). New York: CRC Press.
    • (1998) Burnout infamilies: The systemic costs of caring , pp. 139-170
    • Remer, R.1    Ferguson, R.2
  • 85
    • 0036588312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared trauma: The therapist's increased vulnerability
    • Saakvitne, K. (2002). Shared trauma: The therapist's increased vulnerability. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 12, 443-449.
    • (2002) Psychoanalytic Dialogues, , vol.12 , pp. 443-449
    • Saakvitne, K.1
  • 86
    • 84970522064 scopus 로고
    • Vicarious trauma: The effects on female counselors working with sexual violence survivors
    • Schauben, L., & Frazier, P. (1995). Vicarious trauma: The effects on female counselors working with sexual violence survivors. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 19, 49-54.
    • (1995) Psychology of Women Quarterly, , vol.19 , pp. 49-54
    • Schauben, L.1    Frazier, P.2
  • 87
    • 21144478481 scopus 로고
    • Traumatic stress studies: What's in a name?
    • Schnitt, J. (1993). Traumatic stress studies: What's in a name? Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6, 405-408.
    • (1993) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.6 , pp. 405-408
    • Schnitt, J.1
  • 89
    • 0036664034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma, coping resources, and family functioning in emergency services personnel: A comparative study
    • Shakespeare-Finch, J., Smith, S., & Obst, P. (2002). Trauma, coping resources, and family functioning in emergency services personnel: A comparative study. Work & Stress, 16, 275-282.
    • (2002) Work & Stress, , vol.16 , pp. 275-282
    • Shakespeare-Finch, J.1    Smith, S.2    Obst, P.3
  • 90
    • 0025274218 scopus 로고
    • The hidden victims of disaster: Helper stress
    • Shepherd, M., & Hodgkinson, P. (1990). The hidden victims of disaster: Helper stress. Stress Medicine, 6, 29-35.
    • (1990) Stress Medicine, , vol.6 , pp. 29-35
    • Shepherd, M.1    Hodgkinson, P.2
  • 92
    • 0002852731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Work-related secondary traumatic stress
    • Stamm. B. (1997). Work-related secondary traumatic stress. NCPTSD Research Quarterly, 8, 1-6.
    • (1997) NCPTSD Research Quarterly, , vol.8 , pp. 1-6
    • Stamm, B.1
  • 93
    • 27544513740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma and the therapist: The experience of therapists working with the perpetrators of sexual abus
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Steed, L., & Bicknell, J. (2001). Trauma and the therapist: The experience of therapists working with the perpetrators of sexual abuse. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 1(3). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (2001) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.1 , Issue.3
    • Steed, L.1    Bicknell, J.2
  • 94
    • 18144408106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moving forward from September 11: A stress/crisis/trauma response model
    • Waters, J. (2002). Moving forward from September 11: A stress/crisis/trauma response model. Brief Treatments and Crisis Intervention, 2, 55-74.
    • (2002) Brief Treatments and Crisis Intervention, , vol.2 , pp. 55-74
    • Waters, J.1
  • 95
    • 21144480664 scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatization among wives of posttraumatic combat veterans: A family typology
    • Waysman, M., Mikulincer, M., Solomon, Z., & Weisenberg, M. (1993). Secondary traumatization among wives of posttraumatic combat veterans: A family typology. Journal of Family Psychology, 1, 104-118.
    • (1993) Journal of Family Psychology, , vol.1 , pp. 104-118
    • Waysman, M.1    Mikulincer, M.2    Solomon, Z.3    Weisenberg, M.4
  • 96
    • 0037709962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and critical incident stress management
    • Wee, D., & Myers, D. (2003). Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and critical incident stress management. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 5, 33-37.
    • (2003) International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, , vol.5 , pp. 33-37
    • Wee, D.1    Myers, D.2
  • 97
    • 0036894685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European history of psychotraumatology
    • Weisaeth, L. (2002). The European history of psychotraumatology. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 443-52.
    • (2002) Journal of Traumatic Stress, , vol.15 , pp. 443-452
    • Weisaeth, L.1
  • 99
    • 0028073122 scopus 로고
    • The historical evolution of PTSD diagnostic criteria: From Freud to DSMIV
    • Wilson, J. (1994a). The historical evolution of PTSD diagnostic criteria: From Freud to DSMIV. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 7, 681-698.
    • (1994) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.7 , pp. 681-698
    • Wilson, J.1
  • 100
    • 0009849759 scopus 로고
    • The need for an integrative theory of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • In M.Williams and J.Sommer (Eds.). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
    • Wilson, J. (1994b). The need for an integrative theory of post-traumatic stress disorder. In M.Williams and J.Sommer (Eds.). Handbook of posttraumatic stress therapy (pp. 3-18). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
    • (1994) Handbook of posttraumatic stress therapy , pp. 3-18
    • Wilson, J.1
  • 101
    • 27644517449 scopus 로고
    • Groupwork with clinicians who have a history of trauma
    • Retrieved May 26, 2003, from
    • Yassen, J. (1993). Groupwork with clinicians who have a history of trauma. NCPTSD Clinical Newsletter, 3, (2). Retrieved May 26, 2003, from http://ncpts.org/publications/cq/v3/n2yassen.hmtl.
    • (1993) NCPTSD Clinical Newsletter , vol.3 , Issue.2
    • Yassen, J.1
  • 104
    • 23044520330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conceptual model and implications for coping with stressful events in police work
    • Anshel, M. (2000). A conceptual model and implications for coping with stressful events in police work. Criminal Justice &Behavior, 27, 375-00.
    • (2000) Criminal Justice &Behavior, , vol.27 , pp. 375-400
    • Anshel, M.1
  • 105
    • 0034923980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short communication: Relation between social problemsolving appraisals, work stress and psychological distress in male firefighters
    • Baker, S., & Williams, K. (2001). Short communication: Relation between social problemsolving appraisals, work stress and psychological distress in male firefighters. Stress and Health, 17, 219-229.
    • (2001) Stress and Health, , vol.17 , pp. 219-229
    • Baker, S.1    Williams, K.2
  • 107
    • 0003250416 scopus 로고
    • Stress research at a crossroads
    • In L.Goldberger and S.Breznitz (Eds.), New York: Free Press
    • Breznitz, S., & Goldberger, L. (1993). Stress research at a crossroads. In L.Goldberger and S.Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects (pp. 3-6). New York: Free Press.
    • (1993) Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects , pp. 3-6
    • Breznitz, S.1    Goldberger, L.2
  • 108
    • 22544431907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traumatic experiences of new recruits and serving polic
    • Retrieved May 26 2003, from
    • Buchanan, G., Stephens, C., & Long, N. (2001). Traumatic experiences of new recruits and serving police. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 2(1). Retrieved May 26, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (2001) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.2 , Issue.1
    • Buchanan, G.1    Stephens, C.2    Long, N.3
  • 109
    • 0034204043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors related to stress and coping among Chinese nurses in Hong Kong
    • Callaghan, P., Tak-Ying, S., & Wyatt, P. (2000). Factors related to stress and coping among Chinese nurses in Hong Kong. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31, 1518-1527.
    • (2000) Journal of Advanced Nursing, , vol.31 , pp. 1518-1527
    • Callaghan, P.1    Tak-Ying, S.2    Wyatt, P.3
  • 110
    • 33847304502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fighting the enemy within: Helping officers deal with stress
    • Childress, R., Talucci, V., Wood, J. (1999). Fighting the enemy within: Helping officers deal with stress. Corrections Today, 61, 70-73.
    • (1999) Corrections Today, , vol.61 , pp. 70-73
    • Childress, R.1    Talucci, V.2    Wood, J.3
  • 111
    • 0033290768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and burnout in forensic community mental health nurses: An investigation of its causes and effects
    • Coffey, M. (1999). Stress and burnout in forensic community mental health nurses: An investigation of its causes and effects. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 6, 433-443.
    • (1999) Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, , vol.6 , pp. 433-443
    • Coffey, M.1
  • 112
    • 0035348630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between support and stress in forensic community mental health nursing
    • Coffey, M., & Coleman, M. (2001). The relationship between support and stress in forensic community mental health nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 34, 397-408.
    • (2001) Journal of Advanced Nursing, , vol.34 , pp. 397-408
    • Coffey, M.1    Coleman, M.2
  • 113
    • 33845267959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating fact from fiction about police stress
    • Curran, S. (2003). Separating fact from fiction about police stress. Behavioral Health Management, 23, 38-40.
    • (2003) Behavioral Health Management, , vol.23 , pp. 38-40
    • Curran, S.1
  • 115
    • 0036915159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress management for mental health professionals: A review of effective techniques
    • Edwards, D., Hannigan, B., Fothergill, A., & Burnard, P. (2002). Stress management for mental health professionals: A review of effective techniques. Stress and Health, 18, 203-215.
    • (2002) Stress and Health, , vol.18 , pp. 203-215
    • Edwards, D.1    Hannigan, B.2    Fothergill, A.3    Burnard, P.4
  • 116
    • 0038143354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of stress and stress management interventions for mental health nurses
    • Edwards, D., & Burnard, P. (2003). A systematic review of stress and stress management interventions for mental health nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42, 169-200.
    • (2003) Journal of Advanced Nursing, , vol.42 , pp. 169-200
    • Edwards, D.1    Burnard, P.2
  • 118
    • 0037172008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exploration of district nurses' perception of occupational stress
    • Evans, L. (2002). An exploration of district nurses' perception of occupational stress. British Journal of Nursing, 11, 576-585.
    • (2002) British Journal of Nursing, , vol.11 , pp. 576-585
    • Evans, L.1
  • 119
    • 0032236936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correctional officer stress: A cause for concern and additional help
    • Finn, P. (1998). Correctional officer stress: A cause for concern and additional help. Federal Probation, 62, 65-75.
    • (1998) Federal Probation , vol.62 , pp. 65-75
    • Finn, P.1
  • 120
    • 0036674493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction and job stress in correction nurses
    • Flanagan, N., & Flanagan, T. (2002). An analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction and job stress in correction nurses. Research in Nursing & Health, 2002, 25, 282-294.
    • (2002) Research in Nursing & Health, 2002 , vol.25 , pp. 282-294
    • Flanagan, N.1    Flanagan, T.2
  • 123
    • 0037734302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and burnout in forensic psychiatric nursing
    • Happell, B., Pinikahana, J., & Martin, T. (2003). Stress and burnout in forensic psychiatric nursing. Stress and Health, 19, 63-68.
    • (2003) Stress and Health, , vol.19 , pp. 63-68
    • Happell, B.1    Pinikahana, J.2    Martin, T.3
  • 124
    • 0033253804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying sources of stress and job satisfaction in the nursing environment
    • Healy C., & McKay, M. (1999). Identifying sources of stress and job satisfaction in the nursing environment. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing 11, 30-35.
    • (1999) Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing , vol.11 , pp. 30-35
    • Healy, C.1    McKay, M.2
  • 125
    • 0034146762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nursing stress: The effects of coping strategies and job satisfaction in a sample of Australian nurses
    • Healy, C., & McKay, M. (2000). Nursing stress: The effects of coping strategies and job satisfaction in a sample of Australian nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31, 681-688.
    • (2000) Journal of Advanced Nursing, , vol.31 , pp. 681-688
    • Healy, C.1    McKay, M.2
  • 126
    • 84929228399 scopus 로고
    • Some considerations on personal reactions to emergency stress in employed and volunteer disaster organizational personnel
    • Innes, J., & Slack, J. (1990). Some considerations on personal reactions to emergency stress in employed and volunteer disaster organizational personnel. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 8, 379-00.
    • (1990) International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, , vol.8 , pp. 379-440
    • Innes, J.1    Slack, J.2
  • 127
    • 84937317161 scopus 로고
    • What's so special about HIV and AIDS? Stresses and strains for clients and counsellors
    • Kiemle, G. (1994). What's so special about HIV and AIDS? Stresses and strains for clients and counsellors. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 22, 343-352.
    • (1994) British Journal of Guidance and Counselling , vol.22 , pp. 343-352
    • Kiemle, G.1
  • 129
    • 0036800052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The occupational stress and health outcome profiles of clinical directors in child and adolescent psychiatry
    • Kirkcaldy, B., & Siefen, G. (2002). The occupational stress and health outcome profiles of clinical directors in child and adolescent psychiatry. Stress and Health, 18, 161-172.
    • (2002) Stress and Health, , vol.18 , pp. 161-172
    • Kirkcaldy, B.1    Siefen, G.2
  • 130
    • 0037384249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Job satisfaction, stress and burnout in Australian specialist anaesthetists
    • Kluger, M., Townend, K., & Laidlaw, T. (2003). Job satisfaction, stress and burnout in Australian specialist anaesthetists. Anaesthesia, 58, 339-345.
    • (2003) Anaesthesia, , vol.58 , pp. 339-345
    • Kluger, M.1    Townend, K.2    Laidlaw, T.3
  • 131
    • 0033532973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "If I work hard(er), I will be loved." Roots of Physician Stress Explored
    • Lamberg, L. (1999). "If I work hard(er), I will be loved." Roots of Physician Stress Explored. Journal of the American Medical Association, 282, 13-15.
    • (1999) Journal of the American Medical Association, , vol.282 , pp. 13-15
    • Lamberg, L.1
  • 133
    • 0035659172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological stress among hospital doctors caring for HIV patients in the late nineties
    • Lert, F., Chastang, J., & Castano, I. (2001). Psychological stress among hospital doctors caring for HIV patients in the late nineties. Aids Care, 13, 763-778.
    • (2001) Aids Care, , vol.13 , pp. 763-778
    • Lert, F.1    Chastang, J.2    Castano, I.3
  • 137
    • 0035806673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reported stress and its effects on nurses
    • McGowan B. (2001). Self-reported stress and its effects on nurses. Nursing Standard, 15, 33-38.
    • (2001) Nursing Standard, , vol.15 , pp. 33-38
    • McGowan, B.1
  • 138
    • 0028004003 scopus 로고
    • Emergency work experience and reactions to traumatic incidents
    • Moran, C., & Britton, N. (1994). Emergency work experience and reactions to traumatic incidents. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1, 575-585.
    • (1994) Journal of Traumatic Stress, , vol.1 , pp. 575-585
    • Moran, C.1    Britton, N.2
  • 140
    • 0036341855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of subjective stress in the municipal police force of the city of Rome
    • Pancheri, P., Martini, A., Tarsitani, L., Rosati, M., Biodi, M., & Tomei, F. (2002). Assessment of subjective stress in the municipal police force of the city of Rome. Stress and Health, 18, 127-132.
    • (2002) Stress and Health , vol.18 , pp. 127-132
    • Pancheri, P.1    Martini, A.2    Tarsitani, L.3    Rosati, M.4    Biodi, M.5    Tomei, F.6
  • 141
    • 33845761637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconceptualizing traumatic incidents experienced by law enforcement personne
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Patterson, G. (2001). Reconceptualizing traumatic incidents experienced by law enforcement personnel. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 2(4). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (2001) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.2 , Issue.4
    • Patterson, G.1
  • 142
    • 0036594486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a law enforcement stress and coping questionnaire
    • Patterson, G. (2002). Development of a law enforcement stress and coping questionnaire. Psychological Reports, 90, 789-799.
    • (2002) Psychological Reports, , vol.90 , pp. 789-799
    • Patterson, G.1
  • 143
    • 0002588727 scopus 로고
    • Burnout
    • In LGoldberger and S.Breznitz (Eds.), (2nd ed.,). New York: Free Press.
    • Pines, A. (1993). Burnout. In L.Goldberger and S.Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects (2nd ed., pp. 386-302). New York: Free Press.
    • (1993) Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects , pp. 386-402
    • Pines, A.1
  • 144
    • 0034541055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When nurses cry: Coping with occupational stress in Thailand
    • Pongruengphant, R., & Tyson, P. (2000). When nurses cry: Coping with occupational stress in Thailand. International Journal of Nursing, 37, 535-544.
    • (2000) International Journal of Nursing, , vol.37 , pp. 535-544
    • Pongruengphant, R.1    Tyson, P.2
  • 145
    • 0033628731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse stress associated with aggression in people with dementia: Is relationship to hardiness, cognitive appraisal and coping
    • Rodney, V. (2000). Nurse stress associated with aggression in people with dementia: Is relationship to hardiness, cognitive appraisal and coping. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31, 172-180.
    • (2000) Journal of Advanced Nursing, , vol.31 , pp. 172-180
    • Rodney, V.1
  • 146
    • 0036272438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress in doctors and dentists who teach
    • Rutter, H., Herzberg, J., & Paice, E. (2002). Stress in doctors and dentists who teach. Medical Education, 26, 543-549.
    • (2002) Medical Education, , vol.26 , pp. 543-549
    • Rutter, H.1    Herzberg, J.2    Paice, E.3
  • 148
    • 0037313584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact on work-related stress of mental health teams following team-based learning on clinical risk management
    • Sharkey, S., & Sharples, A. (2003). The impact on work-related stress of mental health teams following team-based learning on clinical risk management. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 10, 73-81.
    • (2003) Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, , vol.10 , pp. 73-81
    • Sharkey, S.1    Sharples, A.2
  • 149
    • 0036015318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Police officer performance under stress: A pilot study on the effects of visuo-motor behavior rehearsal
    • Shipley, P., & Baranski, J. (2002). Police officer performance under stress: A pilot study on the effects of visuo-motor behavior rehearsal. International Journal of Stress Management, 9, 71-80.
    • (2002) International Journal of Stress Management, , vol.9 , pp. 71-80
    • Shipley, P.1    Baranski, J.2
  • 150
    • 0141830461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probation officer stress: Is there an organizational solution?
    • Slate, R., Johnson, W., & Wells, T. (2000). Probation officer stress: Is there an organizational solution? Federal Probation, 64, 56-59.
    • (2000) Federal Probation , vol.64 , pp. 56-59
    • Slate, R.1    Johnson, W.2    Wells, T.3
  • 151
    • 0002814699 scopus 로고
    • Occupational stress within the counseling profession: Implications for counselor training
    • Sowa, C., & May, K. (1994). Occupational stress within the counseling profession: Implications for counselor training. Counselor Education and Supervision, 34, 19-31.
    • (1994) Counselor Education and Supervision, , vol.34 , pp. 19-31
    • Sowa, C.1    May, K.2
  • 152
    • 0002954923 scopus 로고
    • A coping/rest model of relaxation and stress management
    • In LGoldberger and S.Breznitz (Eds.), (2nd ed.,). New York: Free Press.
    • Stoyva, J., & Carlson, J. (1993). A coping/rest model of relaxation and stress management. In L.Goldberger and S.Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects (2nd ed., pp. 724-756). New York: Free Press.
    • (1993) Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects , pp. 724-756
    • Stoyva, J.1    Carlson, J.2
  • 153
    • 0013221821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women police: The impact of work stress on family members
    • In P.Hancock and P.Desmond (Eds.), Lawrence, NJ: Erlbaum Associates
    • Thompson, B., Kirk-Brown, A., & Brown, D. (2001). Women police: The impact of work stress on family members. In P.Hancock and P.Desmond (Eds.), Stress, workload, andfatigue (pp. 200-210). Lawrence, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
    • (2001) Stress, workload, andfatigue , pp. 200-210
    • Thompson, B.1    Kirk-Brown, A.2    Brown, D.3
  • 156
    • 0035642078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress management with law enforcement personnel: A controlled outcome study of EMDR versus a traditional stress management program
    • Wilson, S., Tinker, R., Becker, L., & Logan, C. (2001). Stress management with law enforcement personnel: A controlled outcome study of EMDR versus a traditional stress management program. International Journal of Stress Management, 8, 179-200.
    • (2001) International Journal of Stress Management, , vol.8 , pp. 179-200
    • Wilson, S.1    Tinker, R.2    Becker, L.3    Logan, C.4
  • 157
    • 84993660651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting five dimensions of police officer stress: Looking more deeply into organizational settings for sources of police stress
    • Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (2002). Predicting five dimensions of police officer stress: Looking more deeply into organizational settings for sources of police stress. Police Quarterly, 5, 43-63.
    • (2002) Police Quarterly, , vol.5 , pp. 43-63
    • Zhao, J.1    He, N.2    Lovrich, N.3
  • 159
    • 0030721650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute stress disorder: A critical review of diagnostic issues
    • Bryant, R., & Harvey, A. (1997). Acute stress disorder: A critical review of diagnostic issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 17, 757-773.
    • (1997) Clinical Psychology Review, , vol.17 , pp. 757-773
    • Bryant, R.1    Harvey, A.2
  • 162
    • 0034095695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute stress disorder scale: A self-report measure of acute stress disorder
    • Bryant, R., & Moulds, M. (2000). Acute stress disorder scale: A self-report measure of acute stress disorder. Psychological Assessment, 12, 61-69.
    • (2000) Psychological Assessment, , vol.12 , pp. 61-69
    • Bryant, R.1    Moulds, M.2
  • 163
    • 0034095695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute stress disorder scale: A self-report measure of acute stress disorder
    • Bryant, R., Moulds, M., & Guthrie, R. (2000). Acute stress disorder scale: A self-report measure of acute stress disorder. Psychological Assessment, 12, 61-68.
    • (2000) Psychological Assessment, , vol.12 , pp. 61-68
    • Bryant, R.1    Moulds, M.2    Guthrie, R.3
  • 164
    • 85047669552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute stress disorder: A synthesis and critique
    • Harvey, A., & Bryant, R. (2002). Acute stress disorder: A synthesis and critique. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 886-902.
    • (2002) Psychological Bulletin, , vol.128 , pp. 886-902
    • Harvey, A.1    Bryant, R.2
  • 165
    • 0034321509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New DSM-IV diagnosis of acute stress disorder
    • Koopman, C. (2000). New DSM-IV diagnosis of acute stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1888.
    • (2000) American Journal of Psychiatry, , vol.157 , pp. 1888
    • Koopman, C.1
  • 166
    • 0036015318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Police officer performance under stress: A pilot study on the effects of visuo-motor behavior rehearsal
    • Shipley, P., & Baranski, J. (2002). Police officer performance under stress: A pilot study on the effects of visuo-motor behavior rehearsal. International Journal of Stress Management, 9, 71-80.
    • (2002) International Journal of Stress Management, , vol.9 , pp. 71-80
    • Shipley, P.1    Baranski, J.2
  • 167
    • 0037106754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of acute stress symptoms and nitric oxide concentration in young rescue workers in Taiwan
    • Yeh, C., Leckman, J., Wan, F., Shiah, I., & Lu, R. (2002). Characteristics of acute stress symptoms and nitric oxide concentration in young rescue workers in Taiwan. Psychiatry Research, 112, 59-68.
    • (2002) Psychiatry Research, , vol.112 , pp. 59-68
    • Yeh, C.1    Leckman, J.2    Wan, F.3    Shiah, I.4    Lu, R.5
  • 169
    • 0020571087 scopus 로고
    • Samuel Pepys and post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Daly, R. (1983). Samuel Pepys and post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 6-68.
    • (1983) British Journal of Psychiatry, , vol.143 , pp. 6-68
    • Daly, R.1
  • 171
    • 0033086240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review
    • Flannery, R. (1999). Psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 2, 135-140.
    • (1999) International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, , vol.2 , pp. 135-140
    • Flannery, R.1
  • 172
    • 0141939905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A single case study of a UK police office
    • Kitchiner, N., & Aylard, P. (2002). Psychological treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A single case study of a UK police office. Mental Health Practice, 5, 3-39.
    • (2002) Mental Health Practice, , vol.5 , pp. 3-39
    • Kitchiner, N.1    Aylard, P.2
  • 173
    • 85119527775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Police officers who panic during traumatic event have greatest risk of PTSD
    • March 4, 2002. Retrieved June 5, 2003 from
    • Kohn, C., Hasty, S., & Henderson, C. (2002). Police officers who panic during traumatic event have greatest risk of PTSD. Pain & Central Nervous System Week, March 4, 2002. Retrieved June 5, 2003 from http://weblinks1.epnet.com.
    • (2002) Pain & Central Nervous System Week
    • Kohn, C.1    Hasty, S.2    Henderson, C.3
  • 174
    • 0037213541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder in the emergency room: Exploration of a cognitive model
    • Laposa, J., & Alden, L. (2003). Posttraumatic stress disorder in the emergency room: Exploration of a cognitive model. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 49-65.
    • (2003) Behaviour Research and Therapy, , vol.41 , pp. 49-65
    • Laposa, J.1    Alden, L.2
  • 175
    • 0037326233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Work stress and posttraumatic stress disorder in ED nurses/personnel
    • Laposa, J., Alden, L., & Fullerton, L. (2003). Work stress and posttraumatic stress disorder in ED nurses/personnel. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 29, 23-28.
    • (2003) Journal of Emergency Nursing, , vol.29 , pp. 23-28
    • Laposa, J.1    Alden, L.2    Fullerton, L.3
  • 177
    • 0033971632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of recent findings in posttraumatic stress disorder and the role of pharmacotherapy
    • Marshall, R., & Pierce, D. (2000). Implications of recent findings in posttraumatic stress disorder and the role of pharmacotherapy. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 1, 247-256.
    • (2000) Harvard Review of Psychiatry, , vol.1 , pp. 247-256
    • Marshall, R.1    Pierce, D.2
  • 179
    • 0034825859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of PTSD on interpersonal relationships: Issues for emergency service workers
    • McFarlane, A., & Bookless, C. (2001). The effect of PTSD on interpersonal relationships: Issues for emergency service workers. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 16, 261-267.
    • (2001) Sexual and Relationship Therapy, , vol.16 , pp. 261-267
    • McFarlane, A.1    Bookless, C.2
  • 182
    • 18344396042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress reactions in police officers after a disaster rescue operation
    • Renck, B., Weisaeth, L., & Skarbo, S. (2002). Stress reactions in police officers after a disaster rescue operation. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 56, 7-14.
    • (2002) Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, , vol.56 , pp. 7-14
    • Renck, B.1    Weisaeth, L.2    Skarbo, S.3
  • 183
    • 0000712009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring thriving in the context of clinical trauma theory: Constructivist self development theory
    • Saakvitne, K., Tennen, H., & Affleck, G. (1998). Exploring thriving in the context of clinical trauma theory: Constructivist self development theory. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 279-299.
    • (1998) Journal of Social Issues, , vol.54 , pp. 279-299
    • Saakvitne, K.1    Tennen, H.2    Affleck, G.3
  • 184
    • 84873278400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder intervention in law enforcement: Differing perspective
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Violanti, J. (2001). Posttraumatic stress disorder intervention in law enforcement: Differing perspectives. The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 2(6). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (2001) The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.2 , Issue.6
    • Violanti, J.1
  • 185
    • 0031766269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in German professional firefighters
    • Wagner, D., Heinrichs, M., & Ehlert, U. (1998). Prevalence of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in German professional firefighters. American Journal ofPsychiatry, 155, 1727-1732.
    • (1998) American Journal ofPsychiatry, , vol.155 , pp. 1727-1732
    • Wagner, D.1    Heinrichs, M.2    Ehlert, U.3
  • 187
    • 20744436932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatic stress among trauma counsellors: What does the research say?
    • Arvay, M. (2001). Secondary traumatic stress among trauma counsellors: What does the research say? International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 23, 283-293.
    • (2001) International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling , vol.23 , pp. 283-293
    • Arvay, M.1
  • 188
    • 0038842300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding secondary traumatic stress
    • Badger, J. (2001). Understanding secondary traumatic stress. American Journal of Nursing, 101, 26-32.
    • (2001) American Journal of Nursing, , vol.101 , pp. 26-32
    • Badger, J.1
  • 189
    • 2442503326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatization and burnout in professionals working with torture victims
    • Birck, A. (2002). Secondary traumatization and burnout in professionals working with torture victims. Traumatology, 1, 85-90.
    • (2002) Traumatology, , vol.1 , pp. 85-90
    • Birck, A.1
  • 190
    • 0002299434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When trauma hits home: Personal trauma and the family therapist
    • Carbonell, J., & Figley, C. (1996). When trauma hits home: Personal trauma and the family therapist. Journal of Marriage and Family Therapy, 22, 53-58.
    • (1996) Journal of Marriage and Family Therapy, , vol.22 , pp. 53-58
    • Carbonell, J.1    Figley, C.2
  • 191
    • 85119507419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women and trauma: A clinical forum
    • Cloitre, M. (1998). Women and trauma: A clinical forum. NCPTSD Clinical Quarterly, 8, 12-13.
    • (1998) NCPTSD Clinical Quarterly, , vol.8 , pp. 12-13
    • Cloitre, M.1
  • 192
    • 85090744385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatic stress among child protective service workers: Prevalence, severity, and predictive factors
    • Retrieved May 19, 2003, from
    • Cornille, T., & Woodward Meyers, T. (1999). Secondary traumatic stress among child protective service workers: Prevalence, severity, and predictive factors. Traumatology 5, (4). Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.fsu.edu/~trauma/v6ia3.htm.
    • (1999) Traumatology , vol.5 , Issue.4
    • Cornille, T.1    Woodward Meyers, T.2
  • 193
    • 0034559149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Child welfare workers: An innovative approach for interacting with secondary trauma
    • Dane, B. (2000). Child welfare workers: An innovative approach for interacting with secondary trauma. Journal of Social Work Education, 36, 27-38.
    • (2000) Journal of Social Work Education, , vol.36 , pp. 27-38
    • Dane, B.1
  • 195
    • 0010668674 scopus 로고
    • Systemic traumatization: Secondary traumatic stress disorder in family therapists
    • In R.Mikesell, D.Lusterman, & S.McDaniel (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • Figley, C. (1995a). Systemic traumatization: Secondary traumatic stress disorder in family therapists. In R.Mikesell, D.Lusterman, & S.McDaniel (Eds.), Integrating family therapy: Handbook of Family Psychology and systems theory (pp. 571-581). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1995) Integrating family therapy: Handbook of Family Psychology and systems theory , pp. 571-581
    • Figley, C.1
  • 197
    • 0036841455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compassion fatigue: Psychotherapist's chronic lack of self-care
    • Figley, C. (2002). Compassion fatigue: Psychotherapist's chronic lack of self-care. In session: Psychotherapy in Practice, 58, 1433-1441.
    • (2002) In session: Psychotherapy in Practice, , vol.58 , pp. 1433-1441
    • Figley, C.1
  • 199
    • 0036297709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary trauma: How working with trauma survivors affects therapists
    • Hesse, A. (2002). Secondary trauma: How working with trauma survivors affects therapists. Clinical Social Work Journal, 30, 293-309.
    • (2002) Clinical Social Work Journal, , vol.30 , pp. 293-309
    • Hesse, A.1
  • 200
    • 0037299380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compassion fatigue: How much can I give?
    • Huggard, P. (2003). Compassion fatigue: How much can I give? Medical Education, 37, 163-164.
    • (2003) Medical Education , vol.37 , pp. 163-164
    • Huggard, P.1
  • 201
    • 33845718039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma and compassion fatigue: Helping the helpers
    • Inbar, J., & Ganor, M. (2003). Trauma and compassion fatigue: Helping the helpers. Journal of Jewish Communal Service, 19, 109-111.
    • (2003) Journal of Jewish Communal Service, , vol.19 , pp. 109-111
    • Inbar, J.1    Ganor, M.2
  • 202
    • 84883221149 scopus 로고
    • Overwhelmed corrections workers can seek therapy
    • Janik, J. (1995). Overwhelmed corrections workers can seek therapy. Corrections Today, 57, 7.
    • (1995) Corrections Today, , vol.57 , pp. 7
    • Janik, J.1
  • 204
    • 0026843677 scopus 로고
    • Coping with compassion fatigue
    • Joinson, C. (1992). Coping with compassion fatigue. Nursing, 22, 116-121.
    • (1992) Nursing, , vol.22 , pp. 116-121
    • Joinson, C.1
  • 206
    • 84885744700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compassion fatigue and school personnel: Remaining open to the affective needs of students
    • Kees, N., & Lashwood, P. (1996). Compassion fatigue and school personnel: Remaining open to the affective needs of students. Educational Horizons, 75, 41-44.
    • (1996) Educational Horizons, , vol.75 , pp. 41-44
    • Kees, N.1    Lashwood, P.2
  • 208
    • 0026132381 scopus 로고
    • Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review
    • MacLeod, C. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 163-203.
    • (1991) Psychological Bulletin, , vol.109 , pp. 163-203
    • MacLeod, C.1
  • 209
  • 211
    • 0030720273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary trauma: Assessing intergenerational transmission of war experiences with a Modified Stroop Procedure
    • Motta, R., Joseph, J., Rose, R., Suozzi, J., & Leiderman, L. (1997). Secondary trauma: Assessing intergenerational transmission of war experiences with a Modified Stroop Procedure. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53, 895-903.
    • (1997) Journal of Clinical Psychology, , vol.53 , pp. 895-903
    • Motta, R.1    Joseph, J.2    Rose, R.3    Suozzi, J.4    Leiderman, L.5
  • 212
    • 0033251419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial evaluation of the secondary trauma questionnaire
    • Motta, R., Kefer, J., Hertz, M., & Hafeez, S. (1999). Initial evaluation of the secondary trauma questionnaire. Psychological Reports, 85, 997-1002.
    • (1999) Psychological Reports, , vol.85 , pp. 997-1002
    • Motta, R.1    Kefer, J.2    Hertz, M.3    Hafeez, S.4
  • 214
    • 0035591761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatic stress in the classroom: Ameliorating stress in graduate students
    • Retrieved December 23, 2003, from
    • O'Halloran, S. (2001). Secondary traumatic stress in the classroom: Ameliorating stress in graduate students. Teaching of Psychology, 28, (2). Retrieved December 23, 2003, from http://web5.epnet.com
    • (2001) Teaching of Psychology , vol.28 , Issue.2
    • O'Halloran, S.1
  • 215
    • 0035985816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and correlates of secondary traumatic stress in workplace lay trauma counselors
    • Ortlepp, K., & Friedman, M. (2002). Prevalence and correlates of secondary traumatic stress in workplace lay trauma counselors. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 213-222.
    • (2002) Journal of Traumatic Stress, , vol.15 , pp. 213-222
    • Ortlepp, K.1    Friedman, M.2
  • 217
    • 70350357192 scopus 로고
    • National survey of psychologists' sexual and physical abuse history and their evaluation of training and competence in these areas
    • Pope, K., & Feldman-Summers, S. (1992). National survey of psychologists' sexual and physical abuse history and their evaluation of training and competence in these areas. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 23, 353-361.
    • (1992) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, , vol.23 , pp. 353-361
    • Pope, K.1    Feldman-Summers, S.2
  • 218
    • 0038485884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attending to embodied responses: A way to identify practice-based and human meanings associated with secondary trauma
    • Raingruber, B., & Kent, M. (2003). Attending to embodied responses: A way to identify practice-based and human meanings associated with secondary trauma. Qualitative Health Research, 13, 449-468.
    • (2003) Qualitative Health Research, , vol.13 , pp. 449-468
    • Raingruber, B.1    Kent, M.2
  • 219
    • 0037388721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary traumatic stress effects of working with survivors of criminal victimization
    • Salston, M., & Figley, C. (2003). Secondary traumatic stress effects of working with survivors of criminal victimization. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 16, 167-174.
    • (2003) Journal of Traumatic Stress, , vol.16 , pp. 167-174
    • Salston, M.1    Figley, C.2
  • 221
    • 0345755616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and grief reactions among rehabilitation professionals: Dealing effectively with empathy fatigue
    • Stebnicki, M. (2000). Stress and grief reactions among rehabilitation professionals: Dealing effectively with empathy fatigue. Journal of Rehabilitation, 66, 23-30.
    • (2000) Journal of Rehabilitation, , vol.66 , pp. 23-30
    • Stebnicki, M.1
  • 222
    • 27544513740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma and the therapist: The experience of therapists working with the perpetrators of sexual abus
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Steed, L., & Bicknell, J. (2001). Trauma and the therapist: The experience of therapists working with the perpetrators of sexual abuse. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 1(3). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (2001) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.1 , Issue.3
    • Steed, L.1    Bicknell, J.2
  • 223
    • 0041075326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress debriefing: A health promotion model for workplace violence
    • Antai-Otong, D. (2001). Critical incident stress debriefing: A health promotion model for workplace violence. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 37, 125-139.
    • (2001) Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, , vol.37 , pp. 125-139
    • Antai-Otong, D.1
  • 224
    • 0031180604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of psychological debriefing for victims of acute burn trauma
    • Bisson, J., Jenkins, P., Alexander, J., & Bannister, C. (1997). Randomized controlled trial of psychological debriefing for victims of acute burn trauma. British Journal of Psychiatry, 171, 78-81.
    • (1997) British Journal of Psychiatry, , vol.171 , pp. 78-81
    • Bisson, J.1    Jenkins, P.2    Alexander, J.3    Bannister, C.4
  • 225
    • 0036491080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress management and the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner: Preliminary inquiry
    • Crawford, K., & Flannery, R. (2002). Critical incident stress management and the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner: Preliminary inquiry. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 4, 93-97.
    • (2002) International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, , vol.4 , pp. 93-97
    • Crawford, K.1    Flannery, R.2
  • 227
    • 0032851362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of psychological debriefing with vicarious trauma: A meta-analysis
    • Everly, G., Boyle, S., & Lating, J. (1999). The effectiveness of psychological debriefing with vicarious trauma: A meta-analysis. Stress Medicine, 15, 229-233.
    • (1999) Stress Medicine, , vol.15 , pp. 229-233
    • Everly, G.1    Boyle, S.2    Lating, J.3
  • 228
    • 0033992572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress management (CISM): A review of the literature
    • Everly, G., Flannery, R., & Mitchell, J. (2000). Critical incident stress management (CISM): A review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 5, 23-0.
    • (2000) Aggression and Violent Behavior, , vol.5 , pp. 23-30
    • Everly, G.1    Flannery, R.2    Mitchell, J.3
  • 229
    • 0033086240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review
    • Flannery, R. (1999). Psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 2, 135-140.
    • (1999) International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, , vol.2 , pp. 135-140
    • Flannery, R.1
  • 231
    • 0037036958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-trauma debriefing: The road too frequently traveled
    • Gist, R., & Devilly, G. (2002). Post-trauma debriefing: The road too frequently traveled. Lancet, 360, 741-743.
    • (2002) Lancet, , vol.360 , pp. 741-743
    • Gist, R.1    Devilly, G.2
  • 232
    • 0012536772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social science versus social movements: The origins and natural history of debriefin
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Gist, R., & Woodall, S. (1998). Social science versus social movements: The origins and natural history of debriefing. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 2(1). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (1998) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.2 , Issue.1
    • Gist, R.1    Woodall, S.2
  • 233
    • 0036660039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental Health of trauma-exposed firefighters and critical incident stress debriefing
    • Harris, M., Baloglu, M., & Stacks, J. (2002). Mental Health of trauma-exposed firefighters and critical incident stress debriefing. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 1, 223-238.
    • (2002) Journal of Loss and Trauma, , vol.1 , pp. 223-238
    • Harris, M.1    Baloglu, M.2    Stacks, J.3
  • 234
    • 0001960679 scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD): Value and limitations in disaster response
    • Retrieved May 26, 2003, from
    • Hiley-Young, B., & Gerrity, E. (1994). Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD): Value and limitations in disaster response. NCPTSD Clinical Quarterly, 4, (2). Retrieved May 26, 2003, from http://www.ncptsd.org/publications.
    • (1994) NCPTSD Clinical Quarterly , vol.4 , Issue.2
    • Hiley-Young, B.1    Gerrity, E.2
  • 235
    • 0029929390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress debriefing and the community health nurse
    • Hollister, R. (1996). Critical incident stress debriefing and the community health nurse. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 13, 43-9.
    • (1996) Journal of Community Health Nursing, , vol.13 , pp. 43-49
    • Hollister, R.1
  • 236
    • 0035436515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress debriefing following traumatic life experiences
    • Irving, P., & Long, A. (2001). Critical incident stress debriefing following traumatic life experiences. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 8, 307-314.
    • (2001) Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, , vol.8 , pp. 307-314
    • Irving, P.1    Long, A.2
  • 237
    • 85119515744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress debriefing: An examination of public services personnel and their responses to critical incident stress
    • Jambois-Rankin, K. (2000). Critical incident stress debriefing: An examination of public services personnel and their responses to critical incident stress. Illness, Crisis, & Loss, 8, 71-90.
    • (2000) Illness, Crisis, & Loss, , vol.8 , pp. 71-90
    • Jambois-Rankin, K.1
  • 238
    • 0009916249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • After school violence: An adapted critical incident stress debriefing model for student survivors
    • Juhnke, G. (1997). After school violence: An adapted critical incident stress debriefing model for student survivors. Elementary School Guidance and Counseling, 31, 163-171.
    • (1997) Elementary School Guidance and Counseling, , vol.31 , pp. 163-171
    • Juhnke, G.1
  • 239
    • 33750676071 scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress among funeral directors: Identifying factors relevant for mental health counseling
    • Retrieved June 3, 2003, from June 3, 2003
    • Kroshus, J., & Swarthout, D. (1995). Critical incident stress among funeral directors: Identifying factors relevant for mental health counseling. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 11, 4. Retrieved June 3, 2003, from http://www.web2.epnet.com. June 3, 2003.
    • (1995) Journal of Mental Health Counseling, , vol.11 , pp. 4
    • Kroshus, J.1    Swarthout, D.2
  • 240
    • 0038178376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishing a bereavement program: Caring for the bereaved families and staff in the emergency department
    • LeBrocq, P., Charles, A., Chan, T., & Buchana, M. (2003). Establishing a bereavement program: Caring for the bereaved families and staff in the emergency department. Accident and Emergency Nursing, 11, 85-90.
    • (2003) Accident and Emergency Nursing, , vol.11 , pp. 85-90
    • LeBrocq, P.1    Charles, A.2    Chan, T.3    Buchana, M.4
  • 241
    • 0032823640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress debriefing and its effects on coping strategies and anger in a sample of Australian police officers involved in shooting incidents
    • Leonard, R., & Alison, L. (1999). Critical incident stress debriefing and its effects on coping strategies and anger in a sample of Australian police officers involved in shooting incidents. Work &Stress, 13, 144-161.
    • (1999) Work &Stress, , vol.13 , pp. 144-161
    • Leonard, R.1    Alison, L.2
  • 242
    • 0034825859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of PTSD on interpersonal relationships: Issues for emergency service workers
    • McFarlane, A., & Bookless, C. (2001). The effect of PTSD on interpersonal relationships: Issues for emergency service workers. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 16, 261-267.
    • (2001) Sexual and Relationship Therapy, , vol.16 , pp. 261-267
    • McFarlane, A.1    Bookless, C.2
  • 243
    • 4143049485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences and debriefing effectivenes
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Moran, C. (1998). Individual differences and debriefing effectiveness. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 1(2). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (1998) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.1 , Issue.2
    • Moran, C.1
  • 245
    • 0034920178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A field study of critical incident stress debriefing versus critical incident stress management
    • Richards, D. (2001). A field study of critical incident stress debriefing versus critical incident stress management. Journal of Mental Health, 10, 351-362.
    • (2001) Journal of Mental Health, , vol.10 , pp. 351-362
    • Richards, D.1
  • 246
    • 0040756394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Care after chaos: Use of Critical Incident Stress Debriefing after traumatic workplace events
    • Sacks, S., Clements, P., & Fay-Hillier, T. (2001). Care after chaos: Use of Critical Incident Stress Debriefing after traumatic workplace events. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 37, 133-136.
    • (2001) Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, , vol.37 , pp. 133-136
    • Sacks, S.1    Clements, P.2    Fay-Hillier, T.3
  • 247
    • 0027589367 scopus 로고
    • A critical incident stress debriefing program for hospitalbased health care personnel
    • Spitzer, W., & Burke, L. (1993). A critical incident stress debriefing program for hospitalbased health care personnel. Health &Social Work, 18, 149-157.
    • (1993) Health &Social Work, , vol.18 , pp. 149-157
    • Spitzer, W.1    Burke, L.2
  • 248
    • 0036632285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiences of threats and violence in the Swedish ambulance service
    • Suserud, B., Blomquist, M., & Johansson, I. (2002). Experiences of threats and violence in the Swedish ambulance service. Accident and Emergency Nursing, 10, 127-135.
    • (2002) Accident and Emergency Nursing, , vol.10 , pp. 127-135
    • Suserud, B.1    Blomquist, M.2    Johansson, I.3
  • 249
    • 85047683231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do ambulance personnel experience work at a disaster site?
    • Suserud, B. (2001). How do ambulance personnel experience work at a disaster site? Accident &Emergency Nursing, 9, 56-66.
    • (2001) Accident &Emergency Nursing , vol.9 , pp. 56-66
    • Suserud, B.1
  • 250
    • 0035214539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The limitations of critical incident stress debriefing
    • Tobin, J. (2001). The limitations of critical incident stress debriefing. Irish Journal of Psychiatric Medicine, 18, 142-143.
    • (2001) Irish Journal of Psychiatric Medicine, , vol.18 , pp. 142-143
    • Tobin, J.1
  • 252
    • 0037036959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single session debriefing after psychological trauma: A meta-analysis
    • van Emmerik, A., Kamphuis, J., Hulsbosch, A., & Emmelkamp, P. (2002). Single session debriefing after psychological trauma: A meta-analysis. Lancet, 360, 766-771.
    • (2002) Lancet, , vol.360 , pp. 766-771
    • van Emmerik, A.1    Kamphuis, J.2    Hulsbosch, A.3    Emmelkamp, P.4
  • 253
    • 84992863142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical incident stress and the child homicide investigator
    • Van Patten, L, & Burke, T. (2001). Critical incident stress and the child homicide investigator. Homicide Studies, 5, 131-152.
    • (2001) Homicide Studies, , vol.5 , pp. 131-152
    • Van Patten, L.1    Burke, T.2
  • 254
    • 84900869626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exploration of counselling identity in counsellors who deal with trauma
    • Retrieved May 19, 2003, from
    • Black, S., & Weinreich, P. (2001). An exploration of counselling identity in counsellors who deal with trauma. Traumatology 6, (3). Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.fsu.edu/~trauma.
    • (2001) Traumatology , vol.6 , Issue.3
    • Black, S.1    Weinreich, P.2
  • 258
    • 0035176314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of caring for patients with an illness: Contagion to the social worker
    • Dane, B., & Chachkes, E. (2001). The cost of caring for patients with an illness: Contagion to the social worker. Social Work in Health Care, 33, 31-51.
    • (2001) Social Work in Health Care, , vol.33 , pp. 31-51
    • Dane, B.1    Chachkes, E.2
  • 259
    • 0034439147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supervising counselors who work with survivors of childhood sexual abuse
    • Etherington, K. (2000). Supervising counselors who work with survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 13, 377-390.
    • (2000) Counseling Psychology Quarterly, , vol.13 , pp. 377-390
    • Etherington, K.1
  • 260
    • 0032851362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of psychological debriefing with vicarious trauma: A meta-analysis
    • Everly, G., Boyle, S., & Lating, J. (1999). The effectiveness of psychological debriefing with vicarious trauma: A meta-analysis. Stress Medicine, 15, 229-233.
    • (1999) Stress Medicine, , vol.15 , pp. 229-233
    • Everly, G.1    Boyle, S.2    Lating, J.3
  • 261
    • 65249103141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact on the interviewer of holocaust survivor narratives: Vicarious traumatization or transformation?
    • Goldenberg, J. (2002). The impact on the interviewer of holocaust survivor narratives: Vicarious traumatization or transformation? Traumatology, 8, 215-231.
    • (2002) Traumatology , vol.8 , pp. 215-231
    • Goldenberg, J.1
  • 262
    • 0039918238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social worker trauma: Building resilience in child protection social workers
    • Horwitz, M. (1998). Social worker trauma: Building resilience in child protection social workers. Smith College Studies in Social Work, 68, 363-377.
    • (1998) Smith College Studies in Social Work, , vol.68 , pp. 363-377
    • Horwitz, M.1
  • 263
    • 0034164075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the counselor's experience of working with perpetrators and survivors of domestic violence
    • Iliffe, G., & Steed, L. (2000). Exploring the counselor's experience of working with perpetrators and survivors of domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15, 393-412.
    • (2000) Journal of Interpersonal Violence, , vol.15 , pp. 393-412
    • Iliffe, G.1    Steed, L.2
  • 264
    • 0031410358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatization in counsellors working in the New Wales Sexual Assault Service: An exploratory study
    • Johnson, C., & Hunter, M. (1997). Vicarious traumatization in counsellors working in the New Wales Sexual Assault Service: An exploratory study. Work & Stress, 11, 319-328.
    • (1997) Work & Stress, , vol.11 , pp. 319-328
    • Johnson, C.1    Hunter, M.2
  • 265
    • 0036781369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatisation
    • Little, S. (2002). Vicarious traumatisation. Emergency Nurse, 10, 27-30.
    • (2002) Emergency Nurse, , vol.10 , pp. 27-30
    • Little, S.1
  • 267
    • 0026917967 scopus 로고
    • Care for the caregivers
    • September
    • Miller, D. (1992, September). Care for the caregivers. Registered Nurse, 58-60.
    • (1992) Registered Nurse , pp. 58-60
    • Miller, D.1
  • 268
    • 0028850105 scopus 로고
    • Issues in the professional development of psychotherapists: Countertransference and vicarious traumatization in the new trauma therapist
    • Neumann, D., & Gamble, S. (1995). Issues in the professional development of psychotherapists: Countertransference and vicarious traumatization in the new trauma therapist. Psychotherapy, 32, 341-347.
    • (1995) Psychotherapy , vol.32 , pp. 341-347
    • Neumann, D.1    Gamble, S.2
  • 269
    • 21844492268 scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatization: An empirical study of the effects of trauma work on trauma therapists
    • Pearlman, L., & Maclan, P. (1995). Vicarious traumatization: An empirical study of the effects of trauma work on trauma therapists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 26, 558-565.
    • (1995) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, , vol.26 , pp. 558-565
    • Pearlman, L.1    Maclan, P.2
  • 272
    • 84949584670 scopus 로고
    • Professionals coping with vicarious traumatization
    • Retrieved May 26, 2003, from
    • Ruzek, J. (1993). Professionals coping with vicarious traumatization. NCPTSD Clinical Newsletter, 3, (2). Retrieved May 26, 2003, from http://www.ncptsd.orgVpublications/cq/v3/n2/ruzek.html.
    • (1993) NCPTSD Clinical Newsletter, , vol.3 , Issue.2
    • Ruzek, J.1
  • 273
    • 0347676751 scopus 로고
    • Therapists' responses to dissociative clients: Countertransference and vicarious traumatization
    • In L.Cohen, J.Berzoff, & M.Elin (Eds.), Northvale, NJ: Aronson
    • Saakvitne, K. (1995). Therapists' responses to dissociative clients: Countertransference and vicarious traumatization. In L.Cohen, J.Berzoff, & M.Elin (Eds.), Dissociative identity disorder: Theoretical and treatment controversies (pp. 467-92). Northvale, NJ: Aronson.
    • (1995) Dissociative identity disorder: Theoretical and treatment controversies , pp. 467-492
    • Saakvitne, K.1
  • 275
    • 0037405994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatization: Implications for the mental health of health workers?
    • Sabin-Farrell, R., & Turpin, G. (2003). Vicarious traumatization: Implications for the mental health of health workers? Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 449-80.
    • (2003) Clinical Psychology Review , vol.23 , pp. 449-480
    • Sabin-Farrell, R.1    Turpin, G.2
  • 276
    • 84970522064 scopus 로고
    • Vicarious trauma: The effects on female counselors working with sexual violence survivors
    • Schauben, L., & Frazier, P. (1995). Vicarious trauma: The effects on female counselors working with sexual violence survivors. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 19, 49-54.
    • (1995) Psychology of Women Quarterly, , vol.19 , pp. 49-54
    • Schauben, L.1    Frazier, P.2
  • 277
    • 0033468247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vicarious traumatisation of counsellors and effects on their workplaces
    • Sexton, L. (1999). Vicarious traumatisation of counsellors and effects on their workplaces. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 21, 393-404.
    • (1999) British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, , vol.21 , pp. 393-404
    • Sexton, L.1
  • 278
    • 0042096863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phenomenological study of vicarious traumatisation among psychologists and professional counsellors working in the field of sexual abuse/assaul
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Steed, L., & Downing, R. (1998). A phenomenological study of vicarious traumatisation among psychologists and professional counsellors working in the field of sexual abuse/assault. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 2(3). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (1998) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.2 , Issue.3
    • Steed, L.1    Downing, R.2
  • 282
    • 0038314373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Professional nursing burnout and irrational thinking
    • Balevre P. (2001). Professional nursing burnout and irrational thinking. Journal of Nurses Staff Development, 11, 264-271.
    • (2001) Journal of Nurses Staff Development, , vol.11 , pp. 264-271
    • Balevre, P.1
  • 284
    • 0021430080 scopus 로고
    • Using peer support to prevent worker burnout
    • Carrilio, T., & Eisenberg, D. (1984). Using peer support to prevent worker burnout. Social Casework, 65, 307-310.
    • (1984) Social Casework, , vol.65 , pp. 307-310
    • Carrilio, T.1    Eisenberg, D.2
  • 285
    • 21844454357 scopus 로고
    • Burnout: Typical racket systems of professional helpers
    • Clarkson, P. (1992). Burnout: Typical racket systems of professional helpers. Transactional Analysis Journal, 22, 153-158.
    • (1992) Transactional Analysis Journal, , vol.22 , pp. 153-158
    • Clarkson, P.1
  • 286
    • 0037241586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of stress and burnout among staff caregivers in nursing homes and acute geriatric wards
    • Cocco, E., Gatti, M., Lima, C., & Camus, V. (2002). A comparative study of stress and burnout among staff caregivers in nursing homes and acute geriatric wards. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18, 78-85.
    • (2002) International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, , vol.18 , pp. 78-85
    • Cocco, E.1    Gatti, M.2    Lima, C.3    Camus, V.4
  • 287
    • 35548991424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encouragement exchange: Avoiding therapist burnout
    • Evans, T., & Villavisanis, R. (1997). Encouragement exchange: Avoiding therapist burnout. The Family Journal, 5, 342-345.
    • (1997) The Family Journal, , vol.5 , pp. 342-345
    • Evans, T.1    Villavisanis, R.2
  • 292
    • 0035137198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new look at nurse burnout: The effects of environmental uncertainty and social climate
    • Garrett, D., & McDaniel, A. (2001). A new look at nurse burnout: The effects of environmental uncertainty and social climate. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31, 91-96.
    • (2001) Journal of Nursing Administration, , vol.31 , pp. 91-96
    • Garrett, D.1    McDaniel, A.2
  • 294
    • 0037079362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and burnout in doctors
    • Graham, J., Potts, W., & Ramirez, A. (2002). Stress and burnout in doctors. Lancet, 360, 1975-1976.
    • (2002) Lancet, , vol.360 , pp. 1975-1976
    • Graham, J.1    Potts, W.2    Ramirez, A.3
  • 297
    • 3242729958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burnout and job satisfaction: A comparative study of psychiatric nurses from forensic and a mainstream mental health service
    • Happell, B., Martin, T., & Pinikahana, J. (2003). Burnout and job satisfaction: A comparative study of psychiatric nurses from forensic and a mainstream mental health service. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 12, 39-7.
    • (2003) International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, , vol.12 , pp. 39-47
    • Happell, B.1    Martin, T.2    Pinikahana, J.3
  • 298
    • 84993825025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Police officer burnout: A partial replication of Maslach's Burnout Inventory
    • Hawkins, H. (2001). Police officer burnout: A partial replication of Maslach's Burnout Inventory. Police Quarterly, 4, 343-360.
    • (2001) Police Quarterly , vol.4 , pp. 343-360
    • Hawkins, H.1
  • 299
    • 84929640444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physician, heal thyself
    • Hope, J. (2000). Physician, heal thyself. Modern Physician, 4, 88-91.
    • (2000) Modern Physician, , vol.4 , pp. 88-91
    • Hope, J.1
  • 300
    • 21144470651 scopus 로고
    • Professionals under stress: A review of burnout among the helping professions with implications for school psychologists
    • Huebner, S. (1993). Professionals under stress: A review of burnout among the helping professions with implications for school psychologists. Psychology in the Schools, 30, 40-49.
    • (1993) Psychology in the Schools, , vol.30 , pp. 40-49
    • Huebner, S.1
  • 301
    • 0037384249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Job satisfaction, stress and burnout in Australian specialist anaesthetists
    • Kluger, M., Townend, K., & Laidlaw, T. (2003). Job satisfaction, stress and burnout in Australian specialist anaesthetists. Anaesthesia, 58, 339-345.
    • (2003) Anaesthesia, , vol.58 , pp. 339-345
    • Kluger, M.1    Townend, K.2    Laidlaw, T.3
  • 302
    • 0028902549 scopus 로고
    • The impact of overinvolvement on burnout and job satisfaction
    • Koeske, G., & Kelly, T. (1995). The impact of overinvolvement on burnout and job satisfaction. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 65, 282-292.
    • (1995) American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, , vol.65 , pp. 282-292
    • Koeske, G.1    Kelly, T.2
  • 304
    • 0032212370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The correspondence of patient satisfaction and nurse burnout
    • Leiter, M., Harvie, P., & Frizzell, C. (1998). The correspondence of patient satisfaction and nurse burnout. Social Science &Medicine, 47, 1611-1618.
    • (1998) Social Science &Medicine, , vol.47 , pp. 1611-1618
    • Leiter, M.1    Harvie, P.2    Frizzell, C.3
  • 305
    • 0034495415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic burnout among borderline personality disordered clients and their therapists: Development and evaluation of two adaptations of the Maslach Burnout Inventory
    • Linehan, M., Cochran, B., Mar, C., Levensky, E., & Comtois, K. (2000). Therapeutic burnout among borderline personality disordered clients and their therapists: Development and evaluation of two adaptations of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 1, 329-337.
    • (2000) Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, , vol.1 , pp. 329-337
    • Linehan, M.1    Cochran, B.2    Mar, C.3    Levensky, E.4    Comtois, K.5
  • 307
    • 0001959183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative aspects of therapy: Client perceptions of therapists' social influence, burnout, and quality of care
    • McCarthy, W., & Frieze, I. (1999). Negative aspects of therapy: Client perceptions of therapists' social influence, burnout, and quality of care. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 33-50.
    • (1999) Journal of Social Issues, , vol.55 , pp. 33-50
    • McCarthy, W.1    Frieze, I.2
  • 309
    • 0037709965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the Respiratory One method (ROM) in reducing emotional exhaustion among family physician residents
    • Ospina-Kammerer, V., & Figley, C. (2003). An evaluation of the Respiratory One method (ROM) in reducing emotional exhaustion among family physician residents. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 5, 29-32.
    • (2003) International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, , vol.5 , pp. 29-32
    • Ospina-Kammerer, V.1    Figley, C.2
  • 311
  • 312
    • 0021046172 scopus 로고
    • Job burnout and the helping professional
    • Potter, B. (1983). Job burnout and the helping professional. Clinical Gerontologist, 2 63-65.
    • (1983) Clinical Gerontologist , vol.2 , pp. 63-65
    • Potter, B.1
  • 314
    • 0037373153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Job satisfaction, burnout, and perceived effectiveness of "in-house" versus traditional school psychologists
    • Proctor, B., & Steadman, T. (2003). Job satisfaction, burnout, and perceived effectiveness of "in-house" versus traditional school psychologists. Psychology in the Schools, 40, 237-243.
    • (2003) Psychology in the Schools, , vol.40 , pp. 237-243
    • Proctor, B.1    Steadman, T.2
  • 315
    • 0033034771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of job satisfaction and burnout in child abuse professionals: Coping, cognition, and victimization history
    • Shapiro, J., Dorman, R., Burkey, W., & Welker, C. (1999). Predictors of job satisfaction and burnout in child abuse professionals: Coping, cognition, and victimization history. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 1, 23-42.
    • (1999) Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, , vol.1 , pp. 23-42
    • Shapiro, J.1    Dorman, R.2    Burkey, W.3    Welker, C.4
  • 316
    • 0033841710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burnout in substance abuse counselors: Impact of environment, attitudes, and clients with HIV
    • Shoptaw, S., Stein, J., & Rawson, R. (2000). Burnout in substance abuse counselors: Impact of environment, attitudes, and clients with HIV. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 19, 117-126.
    • (2000) Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, , vol.19 , pp. 117-126
    • Shoptaw, S.1    Stein, J.2    Rawson, R.3
  • 318
    • 9144248548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Career counseling for longevity: Selfcare and burnout prevention strategies for counselor resilience
    • Skovholt, T., Grier, T., & Hanson, M. (2001). Career counseling for longevity: Selfcare and burnout prevention strategies for counselor resilience. Journal of Career Development, 21, 167-176.
    • (2001) Journal of Career Development, , vol.21 , pp. 167-176
    • Skovholt, T.1    Grier, T.2    Hanson, M.3
  • 321
    • 84937382234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of risk and protective factors on burnout experienced by those who work with maltreated children
    • Stevens, M., & Higgins, D. (2002). The influence of risk and protective factors on burnout experienced by those who work with maltreated children. Child Abuse Review, 11, 313-331.
    • (2002) Child Abuse Review, , vol.11 , pp. 313-331
    • Stevens, M.1    Higgins, D.2
  • 322
  • 323
    • 0038320626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of clinical supervision on burnout amongst community mental health nurses in Wales
    • Tilley, S., & Chambers, M. (2003). The effectiveness of clinical supervision on burnout amongst community mental health nurses in Wales. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 10, 231-238.
    • (2003) Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, , vol.10 , pp. 231-238
    • Tilley, S.1    Chambers, M.2
  • 324
    • 0002648465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role stressors, burnout, mediators, and job satisfaction: A stress-strain-outcome model and an empirical test
    • Um, M., & Harrison, D. (1998). Role stressors, burnout, mediators, and job satisfaction: A stress-strain-outcome model and an empirical test. Social Work Research, 22, 100-116.
    • (1998) Social Work Research, , vol.22 , pp. 100-116
    • Um, M.1    Harrison, D.2
  • 325
    • 84873278400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder intervention in law enforcement: Differing perspective
    • Retrieved June 5 2003, from
    • Violanti, J. (2001). Posttraumatic stress disorder intervention in law enforcement: Differing perspectives. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 2(6). Retrieved June 5, 2003, from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma.
    • (2001) Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies , vol.2 , Issue.6
    • Violanti, J.1
  • 326
    • 0024689014 scopus 로고
    • Empathy and burnout in male and female helping professionals
    • Williams, C. (1989). Empathy and burnout in male and female helping professionals. Research in Nursing and Health, 12, 169-178.
    • (1989) Research in Nursing and Health, , vol.12 , pp. 169-178
    • Williams, C.1
  • 327
    • 0035420910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of physician burnout
    • Zaslove, M. (2001). A case of physician burnout. American Family Physician, 64, 517-519.
    • (2001) American Family Physician, , vol.64 , pp. 517-519
    • Zaslove, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.