메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 7, 2021, Pages 757-769

Newer formulations of intravenous iron: a review of their chemistry and key safety aspects–hypersensitivity, hypophosphatemia, and cardiovascular safety

Author keywords

Anemia; ferric carboxymaltose; ferric derisomaltose; ferumoxytol; heart failure; hypersensitivity; hypophosphatemia; intravenous iron; iron deficiency; iron isomaltoside

Indexed keywords

IRON DERIVATIVE;

EID: 85106329524     PISSN: 14740338     EISSN: 1744764X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2021.1912010     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (46)

References (106)
  • 1
    • 79955045302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical use of intravenous iron: administration, efficacy, and safety
    • Auerbach M, Ballard H., Clinical use of intravenous iron: administration, efficacy, and safety. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2010; 2010 (1): 338–347.
    • (2010) Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program , vol.2010 , Issue.1 , pp. 338-347
    • Auerbach, M.1    Ballard, H.2
  • 2
    • 85012085243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-dose intravenous iron for iron deficiency: a new paradigm
    • Auerbach M, DeLoughery T. Single-dose intravenous iron for iron deficiency: a new paradigm. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2016; 2016 (1): 57–66.
    • (2016) Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program , vol.2016 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-66
    • Auerbach, M.1    DeLoughery, T.2
  • 3
    • 45749083839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron: from anathema to standard of care
    • Auerbach M, Coyne D, Ballard H. Intravenous iron: from anathema to standard of care. Am J Hematol. 2008; 83 (7): 580–588.
    • (2008) Am J Hematol , vol.83 , Issue.7 , pp. 580-588
    • Auerbach, M.1    Coyne, D.2    Ballard, H.3
  • 4
    • 79960617268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of the physicochemical properties of iron isomaltoside 1000 (Monofer®), a new intravenous iron preparation and its clinical implications
    • Jahn MR, Andreasen HB, Fütterer S, et al. A comparative study of the physicochemical properties of iron isomaltoside 1000 (Monofer®), a new intravenous iron preparation and its clinical implications. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2011; 78 (3): 480–491.
    • (2011) Eur J Pharm Biopharm , vol.78 , Issue.3 , pp. 480-491
    • Jahn, M.R.1    Andreasen, H.B.2    Fütterer, S.3
  • 5
    • 84976585919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacosmos UK Ltd, Sep
    • Monofer (ferric derisomaltose). Summary of product characteristics. Pharmacosmos UK Ltd; Sep 2020.
    • (2020) Summary of product characteristics
  • 6
    • 85085912322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacosmos A/S, Jul
    • Monoferric (ferric derisomaltose). Product information. Pharmacosmos A/S; Jul 2020.
    • (2020) Product information
  • 7
    • 84976585919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vifor Pharma UK Ltd, Nov
    • Ferinject (ferric carboxymaltose). Summary of product characteristics. Vifor Pharma UK Ltd; Nov 2020.
    • (2020) Summary of product characteristics
  • 8
    • 85087778791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vifor International, Inc, Sep
    • Injectafer (ferric carboxymaltose). Prescribing information. Vifor International, Inc; Sep 2020.
    • (2020) Prescribing information
  • 9
    • 85087778791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Sep
    • Feraheme (ferumoxytol). Prescribing information. AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc; Sep 2020.
    • (2020) Prescribing information
  • 10
    • 85106211015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public statement. Rienso: withdrawal of the marketing authorisation in the European Union
    • 10, Jul,. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from
    • European Medicines Agency. Public statement. Rienso: withdrawal of the marketing authorisation in the European Union. EMA/437901/2015; EMEA/H/C/2215. 10 Jul 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/public-statement/public-statement-rienso-ferumoxytol-withdrawal-marketing-authorisation-european-union_en.pdf
    • (2015) EMA/437901/2015; EMEA/H/C/2215
  • 11
    • 84983311761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of intravenous iron use in chronic kidney disease
    • Kalra PA, Bhandari S. Safety of intravenous iron use in chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2016; 25 (6): 529–535.
    • (2016) Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 529-535
    • Kalra, P.A.1    Bhandari, S.2
  • 12
    • 9644257204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, chemistry, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous iron agents
    • Danielson BG. Structure, chemistry, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous iron agents. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004; 15 (Suppl 2): S93–S98.
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. S93-S98
    • Danielson, B.G.1
  • 13
    • 85068791109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The non-biologic-complex-drug concept
    • Rottembourg J. The non-biologic-complex-drug concept. Int J Biopharm Sci. 2018; 1 (1): 104.
    • (2018) Int J Biopharm Sci , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 104
    • Rottembourg, J.1
  • 14
    • 84868273323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoparticle iron medicinal products–Requirements for approval of intended copies of non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) and the importance of clinical comparative studies
    • Borchard G, Flühmann B, Mühlebach S. Nanoparticle iron medicinal products–Requirements for approval of intended copies of non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) and the importance of clinical comparative studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2012; 64 (2): 324–328.
    • (2012) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 324-328
    • Borchard, G.1    Flühmann, B.2    Mühlebach, S.3
  • 15
    • 85106318177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods and compositions for administration of iron
    • Jan, 8. International filing date:,; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from
    • WO 2007/081744 A2–Methods and compositions for administration of iron. International Application No. PCT/US2007/000176. International filing date: 2007 Jan 8; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2007081744A2/en.
    • (2007) International Application No. PCT/US2007/000176
  • 16
    • 85106208374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aqueous iron carbohydrate complexes, their production and medicaments containing them
    • Jul, 24. International filing date:,; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from
    • US 9,376,505 B2–Aqueous iron carbohydrate complexes, their production and medicaments containing them. Application No. 13/556,733. International filing date: 2012 Jul 24; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9376505B2/en.
    • (2012) Application No. 13/556,733
  • 17
    • 85106290265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Product Specification. Maltodextrin 4.0–7.0
    • [cited 2020 Sep 17]. Available from
    • Sigma-Aldrich. Product Specification. Maltodextrin 4.0–7.0. Product Number: 419672. [cited 2020 Sep 17]. Available from: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/substance/maltodextrin12345905036611?lang=en®ion=GB.
    • Product Number: 419672
  • 18
    • 85106248165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyol and polyether iron oxide complexes as pharmacological and/or MRI contrast agents
    • Dec, 8. Filing date:,; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from
    • US 8,501,158 B2–Polyol and polyether iron oxide complexes as pharmacological and/or MRI contrast agents. Application No. 12/963,308. Filing date: 2010 Dec 8; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8501158B2/en.
    • (2010) Application No. 12/963,308
  • 19
    • 85106288213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods and compositions for administration of iron
    • Dec, 9. Filling date:,; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from
    • US 8,895,612 B2–Methods and compositions for administration of iron. Application No. 14/100,717. Filling date: 2013 Dec 9; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8895612B2/en.
    • (2013) Application No. 14/100,717
  • 20
    • 84933277981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physico-chemical properties of the new generation IV iron preparations ferumoxytol, iron isomaltoside 1000 and ferric carboxymaltose
    • Neiser S, Rentsch D, Dippon U, et al. Physico-chemical properties of the new generation IV iron preparations ferumoxytol, iron isomaltoside 1000 and ferric carboxymaltose. Biometals. 2015; 28 (4): 615–635.
    • (2015) Biometals , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 615-635
    • Neiser, S.1    Rentsch, D.2    Dippon, U.3
  • 21
    • 85106270726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jan 2017
    • British Pharmacopoeia 2017. Volume III. Jan 2017.
    • (2017) Volume III
  • 23
    • 84883295547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural characterization of iron oxide/hydroxide nanoparticles in nine different parenteral drugs for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia by electron diffraction (ED) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD)
    • Fütterer S, Andrusenko I, Kolb U, et al. Structural characterization of iron oxide/hydroxide nanoparticles in nine different parenteral drugs for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia by electron diffraction (ED) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2013; 86: 151–160.
    • (2013) J Pharm Biomed Anal , vol.86 , pp. 151-160
    • Fütterer, S.1    Andrusenko, I.2    Kolb, U.3
  • 24
    • 85082804076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing safety and efficacy of intravenous iron-carbohydrate nanomedicines: from production to clinical practice
    • Nikravesh N, Borchard G, Hofmann H, et al. Factors influencing safety and efficacy of intravenous iron-carbohydrate nanomedicines: from production to clinical practice. Nanomedicine. 2020; 26: 102178.
    • (2020) Nanomedicine , vol.26 , pp. 102178
    • Nikravesh, N.1    Borchard, G.2    Hofmann, H.3
  • 25
    • 0019728220 scopus 로고
    • Dissolution of iron oxides and oxyhydroxides in hydrochloric and perchloric acids
    • Sidhu PS, Gilkes RJ, Cornell RM, et al. Dissolution of iron oxides and oxyhydroxides in hydrochloric and perchloric acids. Clays Clay Miner. 1988; 29 (4): 269–276.
    • (1988) Clays Clay Miner , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 269-276
    • Sidhu, P.S.1    Gilkes, R.J.2    Cornell, R.M.3
  • 26
    • 0344154421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labile iron pool: the main determinant of cellular response to oxidative stress
    • Kruszewski M. Labile iron pool: the main determinant of cellular response to oxidative stress. Mutat Res. 2003; 531 (1–2): 81–92.
    • (2003) Mutat Res , vol.531 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 81-92
    • Kruszewski, M.1
  • 27
    • 85093538358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron preparations transiently generate non-transferrin-bound iron from two proposed pathways
    • Garbowski MW, Bansal S, Porter JB, et al. Intravenous iron preparations transiently generate non-transferrin-bound iron from two proposed pathways. Haematologica. 2020.
    • (2020) Haematologica
    • Garbowski, M.W.1    Bansal, S.2    Porter, J.B.3
  • 28
    • 85078905387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of iron isomaltoside vs ferric carboxymaltose on hypophosphatemia in iron-deficiency anemia: two randomized clinical trials
    • Wolf M, Rubin J, Achebe M, et al. Effects of iron isomaltoside vs ferric carboxymaltose on hypophosphatemia in iron-deficiency anemia: two randomized clinical trials. JAMA. 2020; 323 (5): 432–443.
    • (2020) JAMA , vol.323 , Issue.5 , pp. 432-443
    • Wolf, M.1    Rubin, J.2    Achebe, M.3
  • 29
    • 85042412026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative safety of intravenous ferumoxytol versus ferric carboxymaltose in iron deficiency anemia: a randomized trial
    • Adkinson NF, Strauss WE, Macdougall IC, et al. Comparative safety of intravenous ferumoxytol versus ferric carboxymaltose in iron deficiency anemia: a randomized trial. Am J Hematol. 2018; 93 (5): 683–690.
    • (2018) Am J Hematol , vol.93 , Issue.5 , pp. 683-690
    • Adkinson, N.F.1    Strauss, W.E.2    Macdougall, I.C.3
  • 30
    • 85069823599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, multi-center, randomized comparison of iron isomaltoside 1000 versus iron sucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia; the FERWON-IDA trial
    • Auerbach M, Henry D, Derman RJ, et al. A prospective, multi-center, randomized comparison of iron isomaltoside 1000 versus iron sucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia; the FERWON-IDA trial. Am J Hematol. 2019; 94 (9): 1007–1014.
    • (2019) Am J Hematol , vol.94 , Issue.9 , pp. 1007-1014
    • Auerbach, M.1    Henry, D.2    Derman, R.J.3
  • 31
    • 85099171852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of iron isomaltoside 1000/ferric derisomaltose versus iron sucrose in patients with chronic kidney disease: the FERWON-NEPHRO randomized, open-label, comparative trial
    • Bhandari S, Kalra PA, Berkowitz M, et al. Safety and efficacy of iron isomaltoside 1000/ferric derisomaltose versus iron sucrose in patients with chronic kidney disease: the FERWON-NEPHRO randomized, open-label, comparative trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2021; 36 (1): 111–120.
    • (2021) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 111-120
    • Bhandari, S.1    Kalra, P.A.2    Berkowitz, M.3
  • 32
    • 85093982052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of ferric derisomaltose and iron sucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia: the FERWON-IDA/NEPHRO trials
    • Wolf M, Auerbach M, Kalra PA, et al. Safety of ferric derisomaltose and iron sucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia: the FERWON-IDA/NEPHRO trials. Am J Hematol. 2021; 96 (1): E11–E15.
    • (2021) Am J Hematol , vol.96 , Issue.1 , pp. E11-E15
    • Wolf, M.1    Auerbach, M.2    Kalra, P.A.3
  • 33
    • 85078567877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirect methods of comparison of the safety of ferric derisomaltose, iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia
    • Pollock RF, Biggar P. Indirect methods of comparison of the safety of ferric derisomaltose, iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Expert Rev Hematol. 2020; 13 (2): 187–195.
    • (2020) Expert Rev Hematol , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-195
    • Pollock, R.F.1    Biggar, P.2
  • 34
    • 77956481295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of parenteral iron products and serious anaphylactic-type reactions
    • Wysowski DK, Swartz L, Borders-Hemphill BV, et al. Use of parenteral iron products and serious anaphylactic-type reactions. Am J Hematol. 2010; 85 (9): 650–654.
    • (2010) Am J Hematol , vol.85 , Issue.9 , pp. 650-654
    • Wysowski, D.K.1    Swartz, L.2    Borders-Hemphill, B.V.3
  • 35
    • 85106230297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid response to BMJ. Re: pandemrix vaccine: why was the public not told of early warning signs
    • Jan, 27, [cited,. Available from
    • European Medicines Agency (EMA). Rapid response to BMJ. Re: pandemrix vaccine: why was the public not told of early warning signs. EMA/659264/2018. 2018 [cited 2021] Jan 27. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/other/european-medicines-agency-rapid-response-british-medical-journal-pandemrix_.pdf
    • EMA/659264/2018
  • 36
    • 85068738876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of evidence working group
    • The Oxford
    • OCEBM Levels of evidence working group. The Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence.
    • (2011) Levels of Evidence
  • 37
    • 84908459097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous iron: guidance for risk minimization and management
    • Rampton D, Folkersen J, Fishbane S, et al. Hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous iron: guidance for risk minimization and management. Haematologica. 2014; 99 (11): 1671–1676.
    • (2014) Haematologica , vol.99 , Issue.11 , pp. 1671-1676
    • Rampton, D.1    Folkersen, J.2    Fishbane, S.3
  • 38
    • 85063670820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian expert consensus: management of hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous iron in adults
    • Lim W, Afif W, Knowles S, et al. Canadian expert consensus: management of hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous iron in adults. Vox Sang. 2019; 114 (4): 363–373.
    • (2019) Vox Sang , vol.114 , Issue.4 , pp. 363-373
    • Lim, W.1    Afif, W.2    Knowles, S.3
  • 39
    • 85085888575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical data for intravenous iron–debunking the hype around hypersensitivity
    • Achebe M, DeLoughery TG. Clinical data for intravenous iron–debunking the hype around hypersensitivity. Transfusion. 2020; 60 (6): 1154–1159.
    • (2020) Transfusion , vol.60 , Issue.6 , pp. 1154-1159
    • Achebe, M.1    DeLoughery, T.G.2
  • 40
    • 84973130364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron management in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a “Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes” (KDIGO) controversies conference
    • Macdougall IC, Bircher AJ, Eckardt KU, et al. Iron management in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a “Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes” (KDIGO) controversies conference. Kidney Int. 2016; 89 (1): 28–39.
    • (2016) Kidney Int , vol.89 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-39
    • Macdougall, I.C.1    Bircher, A.J.2    Eckardt, K.U.3
  • 41
    • 85000968659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement activation-related pseudo-allergy: a fresh look at hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous iron
    • Macdougall IC, Vernon K. Complement activation-related pseudo-allergy: a fresh look at hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous iron. Am J Nephrol. 2017; 45 (1): 60–62.
    • (2017) Am J Nephrol , vol.45 , Issue.1 , pp. 60-62
    • Macdougall, I.C.1    Vernon, K.2
  • 42
    • 84945930081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypersensitivity to intravenous iron: classification, terminology, mechanisms and management
    • Szebeni J, Fishbane S, Hedenus M, et al. Hypersensitivity to intravenous iron: classification, terminology, mechanisms and management. Br J Pharmacol. 2015; 172 (21): 5025–5036.
    • (2015) Br J Pharmacol , vol.172 , Issue.21 , pp. 5025-5036
    • Szebeni, J.1    Fishbane, S.2    Hedenus, M.3
  • 43
    • 85064341359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention and management of acute reactions to intravenous iron in surgical patients
    • Gómez-Ramírez S, Shander A, Spahn DR, et al. Prevention and management of acute reactions to intravenous iron in surgical patients. Blood Transfus. 2019; 17 (2): 137–145.
    • (2019) Blood Transfus , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-145
    • Gómez-Ramírez, S.1    Shander, A.2    Spahn, D.R.3
  • 44
    • 85017460615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-induced hypophosphatemia: an emerging complication
    • Zoller H, Schaefer B, Glodny B. Iron-induced hypophosphatemia: an emerging complication. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2017; 26 (4): 266–275.
    • (2017) Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 266-275
    • Zoller, H.1    Schaefer, B.2    Glodny, B.3
  • 45
    • 85084814794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron supplementation therapy
    • Schaefer B, Meindl E, Wagner S, et al. Intravenous iron supplementation therapy. Mol Aspects Med. 2020; 75: 100862.
    • (2020) Mol Aspects Med , vol.75 , pp. 100862
    • Schaefer, B.1    Meindl, E.2    Wagner, S.3
  • 46
    • 85106320265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphatemia after treatment of iron deficiency with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose or iron isomaltoside–a systematic review and meta‐analysis
    • Schaefer B, Tobiasch M, Viveiros A, et al. Hypophosphatemia after treatment of iron deficiency with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose or iron isomaltoside–a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020.
    • (2020) Br J Clin Pharmacol
    • Schaefer, B.1    Tobiasch, M.2    Viveiros, A.3
  • 47
    • 85083430832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphatemia associated with intravenous iron therapies for iron deficiency anemia: a systematic literature review
    • Glaspy JA, Lim-Watson MZ, Libre MA, et al. Hypophosphatemia associated with intravenous iron therapies for iron deficiency anemia: a systematic literature review. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2020; 16: 245–259.
    • (2020) Ther Clin Risk Manag , vol.16 , pp. 245-259
    • Glaspy, J.A.1    Lim-Watson, M.Z.2    Libre, M.A.3
  • 48
    • 84881241741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of iron deficiency anemia and its treatment on fibroblast growth factor 23 and phosphate homeostasis in women
    • Wolf M, Koch TA, Bregman DB. Effects of iron deficiency anemia and its treatment on fibroblast growth factor 23 and phosphate homeostasis in women. J Bone Miner Res. 2013; 28 (8): 1793–1803.
    • (2013) J Bone Miner Res , vol.28 , Issue.8 , pp. 1793-1803
    • Wolf, M.1    Koch, T.A.2    Bregman, D.B.3
  • 49
    • 85063244190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of intravenous iron-induced hypophosphatemia
    • Wolf M, Chertow GM, Macdougall IC, et al. Randomized trial of intravenous iron-induced hypophosphatemia. JCI Insight. 2018; 3 (23): e124486.
    • (2018) JCI Insight , vol.3 , Issue.23 , pp. e124486
    • Wolf, M.1    Chertow, G.M.2    Macdougall, I.C.3
  • 50
    • 85106289405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent hypophosphatemia after ferric carboxymaltose is associated with persistent changes in biomarkers of bone metabolism
    • Wolf M, Schaefer B, Zoller H. Persistent hypophosphatemia after ferric carboxymaltose is associated with persistent changes in biomarkers of bone metabolism. Blood. 2020; 136 (Suppl 1): 13–14.
    • (2020) Blood , vol.136 , pp. 13-14
    • Wolf, M.1    Schaefer, B.2    Zoller, H.3
  • 51
    • 85106277702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PHOSPHARE studies: important changes in phosphate homeostasis and bone metabolism after IV iron
    • Glasgow: 17–20, Jun
    • Iqbal TH, Wolf M, Schaffalitzky de Muckadell P, et al. PHOSPHARE studies: important changes in phosphate homeostasis and bone metabolism after IV iron. Poster presented at the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) Annual Meeting, Glasgow, 17–20 Jun, 2019.
    • (2019) Poster presented at the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) Annual Meeting
    • Iqbal, T.H.1    Wolf, M.2
  • 52
    • 85087887338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphatemia after high-dose iron repletion with ferric carboxymaltose and ferric derisomaltose–the randomized controlled HOMe aFers study
    • Emrich IE, Lizzi F, Siegel JD, et al. Hypophosphatemia after high-dose iron repletion with ferric carboxymaltose and ferric derisomaltose–the randomized controlled HOMe aFers study. BMC Med. 2020; 18 (1): 178.
    • (2020) BMC Med , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 178
    • Emrich, I.E.1    Lizzi, F.2    Siegel, J.D.3
  • 53
    • 85069935425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of hypophosphatemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with ferric carboxymaltose or iron isomaltoside
    • Detlie TE, Lindstrøm JC, Jahnsen ME, et al. Incidence of hypophosphatemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with ferric carboxymaltose or iron isomaltoside. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2019; 50 (4): 397–406.
    • (2019) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 397-406
    • Detlie, T.E.1    Lindstrøm, J.C.2    Jahnsen, M.E.3
  • 54
    • 85061480417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled study of the effects of ferric carboxymaltose on bone and haematinic biomarkers in chronic kidney disease and pregnancy
    • Huang LL, Lee D, Troster SM, et al. A controlled study of the effects of ferric carboxymaltose on bone and haematinic biomarkers in chronic kidney disease and pregnancy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2018; 33 (9): 1628–1635.
    • (2018) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.33 , Issue.9 , pp. 1628-1635
    • Huang, L.L.1    Lee, D.2    Troster, S.M.3
  • 55
    • 85046782503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dose ferric carboxymaltose in patients with HFrEF induces significant hypophosphatemia
    • Stöhr R, Sandstede L, Heine GH, et al. High-dose ferric carboxymaltose in patients with HFrEF induces significant hypophosphatemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 71 (19): 2270–2271.
    • (2018) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.71 , Issue.19 , pp. 2270-2271
    • Stöhr, R.1    Sandstede, L.2    Heine, G.H.3
  • 56
    • 85086354820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphataemia after ferric carboxymaltose is unrelated to symptoms, intestinal inflammation or vitamin D status
    • Fang W, Kenny R, Rizvi QU, et al. Hypophosphataemia after ferric carboxymaltose is unrelated to symptoms, intestinal inflammation or vitamin D status. BMC Gastroenterol. 2020; 20 (1): 183.
    • (2020) BMC Gastroenterol , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 183
    • Fang, W.1    Kenny, R.2    Rizvi, Q.U.3
  • 57
    • 33644818657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphatemia: an evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management
    • Amanzadeh J, Reilly RF, Jr. Hypophosphatemia: an evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2006; 2 (3): 136–148.
    • (2006) Nat Clin Pract Nephrol , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 136-148
    • Amanzadeh, J.1    Reilly, R.F.2
  • 58
    • 77955113732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hypophosphatemia in the intensive care unit: a review
    • Geerse DA, Bindels AJ, Kuiper MA, et al. Treatment of hypophosphatemia in the intensive care unit: a review. Crit Care. 2010; 14 (4): R147.
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. R147
    • Geerse, D.A.1    Bindels, A.J.2    Kuiper, M.A.3
  • 59
    • 0023891068 scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphatemia-associated respiratory muscle weakness in a general inpatient population
    • Gravelyn TR, Brophy N, Siegert C, et al. Hypophosphatemia-associated respiratory muscle weakness in a general inpatient population. Am J Med. 1988; 84 (5): 870–876.
    • (1988) Am J Med , vol.84 , Issue.5 , pp. 870-876
    • Gravelyn, T.R.1    Brophy, N.2    Siegert, C.3
  • 60
    • 84903272965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphate metabolism and vitamin D
    • Fukumoto S. Phosphate metabolism and vitamin D. Bonekey Rep. 2014; 3: 497.
    • (2014) Bonekey Rep , vol.3 , pp. 497
    • Fukumoto, S.1
  • 61
    • 84929352912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron administration and hypophosphatemia in clinical practice
    • Hardy S, Vandemergel X. Intravenous iron administration and hypophosphatemia in clinical practice. Int J Rheumatol. 2015; 2015: 468675.
    • (2015) Int J Rheumatol , vol.2015 , pp. 468675
    • Hardy, S.1    Vandemergel, X.2
  • 62
    • 84858042043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach to the hypophosphatemic patient
    • Imel EA, Econs MJ. Approach to the hypophosphatemic patient. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012; 97 (3): 696–706.
    • (2012) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.97 , Issue.3 , pp. 696-706
    • Imel, E.A.1    Econs, M.J.2
  • 63
    • 84925780905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcitriol/calcifediol ratio: an indicator of vitamin D hydroxylation efficiency?
    • Pasquali M, Tartaglione L, Rotondi S, et al. Calcitriol/calcifediol ratio: an indicator of vitamin D hydroxylation efficiency? BBA Clin. 2015; 3: 251–256.
    • (2015) BBA Clin , vol.3 , pp. 251-256
    • Pasquali, M.1    Tartaglione, L.2    Rotondi, S.3
  • 64
    • 84868019347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphate homeostasis and its role in bone health
    • Penido MG, Alon US. Phosphate homeostasis and its role in bone health. Pediatr Nephrol. 2012; 27 (11): 2039–2048.
    • (2012) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.27 , Issue.11 , pp. 2039-2048
    • Penido, M.G.1    Alon, U.S.2
  • 65
    • 64949097327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latest findings in phosphate homeostasis
    • Prié D, Ureña Torres P, Friedlander G. Latest findings in phosphate homeostasis. Kidney Int. 2009; 75 (9): 882–889.
    • (2009) Kidney Int , vol.75 , Issue.9 , pp. 882-889
    • Prié, D.1    Ureña Torres, P.2    Friedlander, G.3
  • 67
    • 85042718160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hypophosphatemia on the withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Zhao Y, Li Z, Shi Y, et al. Effect of hypophosphatemia on the withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biomed Rep. 2016; 4 (4): 413–416.
    • (2016) Biomed Rep , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 413-416
    • Zhao, Y.1    Li, Z.2    Shi, Y.3
  • 68
    • 84893020532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron administration
    • Blazevic A, Hunze J, Boots JMM. Severe hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron administration. Neth J Med. 2014; 72 (1): 49–53.
    • (2014) Neth J Med , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-53
    • Blazevic, A.1    Hunze, J.2    Boots, J.M.M.3
  • 69
    • 84897979053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe and prolonged hypophosphatemia after intravenous iron administration in a malnourished patient
    • Fierz YC, Kenmeni R, Gonthier A, et al. Severe and prolonged hypophosphatemia after intravenous iron administration in a malnourished patient. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014; 68 (4): 531–533.
    • (2014) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.68 , Issue.4 , pp. 531-533
    • Fierz, Y.C.1    Kenmeni, R.2    Gonthier, A.3
  • 70
    • 85015322728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron administration
    • bcr2016219160
    • Anand G, Schmid C. Severe hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron administration. BMJ Case Rep. 2017; 2017: bcr2016219160.
    • (2017) BMJ Case Rep , vol.2017
    • Anand, G.1    Schmid, C.2
  • 71
    • 85076220249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron therapy: an underrated adverse reaction
    • Ifie E, Oyibo SO, Joshi H, et al. Symptomatic hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron therapy: an underrated adverse reaction. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2019; 2019 (1): 19-0065.
    • (2019) Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep , vol.2019 , Issue.1 , pp. 19
    • Ifie, E.1    Oyibo, S.O.2    Joshi, H.3
  • 72
    • 85068624285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe hypophosphataemia following ferric carboxymaltose infusion in paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • Harris RE, Armstrong L, Curtis L, et al. Severe hypophosphataemia following ferric carboxymaltose infusion in paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Frontline Gastroenterol. 2019; 11 (4): 324–326.
    • (2019) Frontline Gastroenterol , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 324-326
    • Harris, R.E.1    Armstrong, L.2    Curtis, L.3
  • 73
    • 85106233665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life-threatening hypophosphatemia following intravenous iron infusion
    • 30071-0
    • Vasquez-Rios G, Chapel A, Philip I, et al. Life-threatening hypophosphatemia following intravenous iron infusion. Nefrologia. 2020; S0211-6995 (20):30071-0.
    • (2020) Nefrologia , vol.S0211-6995 , Issue.20
    • Vasquez-Rios, G.1    Chapel, A.2    Philip, I.3
  • 74
    • 85106244358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rusty man … or how iron can be responsible for bone pain. Symptomatic hypophosphataemic osteomalacia after iron carboxymaltose treatment
    • Bart G, Glemarec J, Lerhun M, et al. A rusty man … or how iron can be responsible for bone pain. Symptomatic hypophosphataemic osteomalacia after iron carboxymaltose treatment. The Rheumatologist’s Newsletter. No. 428; 2017.
    • (2017) The Rheumatologist’s Newsletter , vol.428
    • Bart, G.1    Glemarec, J.2    Lerhun, M.3
  • 75
    • 85059486161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-induced osteomalacia
    • Burckhardt P. Iron-induced osteomalacia. Osteologie. 2018; 27 (1): 20–23.
    • (2018) Osteologie , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-23
    • Burckhardt, P.1
  • 76
    • 85052243748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe FGF23-based hypophosphataemic osteomalacia due to ferric carboxymaltose administration
    • Klein K, Asaad S, Econs M, et al. Severe FGF23-based hypophosphataemic osteomalacia due to ferric carboxymaltose administration. BMJ Case Rep. 2018. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222851.
    • (2018) BMJ Case Rep
    • Klein, K.1    Asaad, S.2    Econs, M.3
  • 77
    • 85096811219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose–real world experience from a tertiary centre in the UK
    • Fragkos KC, Sehgal V, Rogers J, et al. Hypophosphataemia after intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose–real world experience from a tertiary centre in the UK. GastroHep. 2020; 2 (5): 205–214.
    • (2020) GastroHep , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 205-214
    • Fragkos, K.C.1    Sehgal, V.2    Rogers, J.3
  • 78
    • 85079251163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation and effects of FGF23 in chronic kidney disease
    • Musgrove J, Wolf M. Regulation and effects of FGF23 in chronic kidney disease. Annu Rev Physiol. 2020; 82 (1): 365–390.
    • (2020) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.82 , Issue.1 , pp. 365-390
    • Musgrove, J.1    Wolf, M.2
  • 79
    • 84945464418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NIGRAM investigators. Phosphate and FGF-23 homeostasis after kidney transplantation
    • Baia LC, Heilberg IP, Navis G, et al. NIGRAM investigators. Phosphate and FGF-23 homeostasis after kidney transplantation. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015; 11 (11): 656–666.
    • (2015) Nat Rev Nephrol , vol.11 , Issue.11 , pp. 656-666
    • Baia, L.C.1    Heilberg, I.P.2    Navis, G.3
  • 80
    • 85014954966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferric carboxymaltose-induced hypophosphataemia after kidney transplantation
    • Sari V, Atiqi R, Hoorn EJ, et al. Ferric carboxymaltose-induced hypophosphataemia after kidney transplantation. Neth J Med. 2017; 75 (2): 65–73.
    • (2017) Neth J Med , vol.75 , Issue.2 , pp. 65-73
    • Sari, V.1    Atiqi, R.2    Hoorn, E.J.3
  • 81
    • 85106291791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vifor (International) Inc, Sep
    • Ferinject (ferric carboxymaltose). Prescribing information [Brazil]. Vifor (International) Inc; Sep 2020.
    • (2020) Prescribing information [Brazil
  • 83
    • 85030651472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron deficiency in heart failure: efficacy and safety of intravenous iron therapy
    • Kang CK, Pope M, Lang CC, et al. Iron deficiency in heart failure: efficacy and safety of intravenous iron therapy. Cardiovasc Ther. 2017; 35 (6): e12301.
    • (2017) Cardiovasc Ther , vol.35 , Issue.6 , pp. e12301
    • Kang, C.K.1    Pope, M.2    Lang, C.C.3
  • 84
    • 34247112583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A precious metal: iron, an essential nutrient for all cells
    • Cairo G, Bernuzzi F, Recalcati S. A precious metal: iron, an essential nutrient for all cells. Genes Nutr. 2006; 1 (1): 25–39.
    • (2006) Genes Nutr , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-39
    • Cairo, G.1    Bernuzzi, F.2    Recalcati, S.3
  • 85
    • 70350500386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian iron transport
    • Anderson GJ, Vulpe CD. Mammalian iron transport. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009; 66 (20): 3241–3261.
    • (2009) Cell Mol Life Sci , vol.66 , Issue.20 , pp. 3241-3261
    • Anderson, G.J.1    Vulpe, C.D.2
  • 86
    • 85011614591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species: a key hallmark of cardiovascular disease
    • Panth N, Paudel KR, Parajuli K. Reactive oxygen species: a key hallmark of cardiovascular disease. Adv Med. 2016; 2016: 9152732.
    • (2016) Adv Med , vol.2016 , pp. 9152732
    • Panth, N.1    Paudel, K.R.2    Parajuli, K.3
  • 87
    • 72449156527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency
    • Anker SD, Comin Colet J, Filippatos G, et al. Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2009; 361 (25): 2436–2448.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.361 , Issue.25 , pp. 2436-2448
    • Anker, S.D.1    Comin Colet, J.2    Filippatos, G.3
  • 88
    • 84925275800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CONFIRM-HF investigators. Beneficial effects of long-term intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose in patients with symptomatic heart failure and iron deficiency
    • Ponikowski P, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Comin-Colet J, et al. CONFIRM-HF investigators. Beneficial effects of long-term intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose in patients with symptomatic heart failure and iron deficiency. Eur Heart J. 2015; 36 (11): 657–668.
    • (2015) Eur Heart J , vol.36 , Issue.11 , pp. 657-668
    • Ponikowski, P.1    Van Veldhuisen, D.J.2    Comin-Colet, J.3
  • 89
    • 85024483330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ferric carboxymaltose on exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency
    • Van Veldhuisen DJ, Ponikowski P, Van Der Meer P, et al. Effect of ferric carboxymaltose on exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency. Circulation. 2017; 136 (15): 1374–1383.
    • (2017) Circulation , vol.136 , Issue.15 , pp. 1374-1383
    • Van Veldhuisen, D.J.1    Ponikowski, P.2    Van Der Meer, P.3
  • 90
    • 85096879690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferric carboxymaltose for iron deficiency at discharge after acute heart failure: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
    • Ponikowski P, Kirwan B-A, Anker SD, et al. Ferric carboxymaltose for iron deficiency at discharge after acute heart failure: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2020; 396 (10266): 1895–1904.
    • (2020) Lancet , vol.396 , Issue.10266 , pp. 1895-1904
    • Ponikowski, P.1    Kirwan, B.-A.2    Anker, S.D.3
  • 91
    • 84897463862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with iron-deficiency anemia and impaired renal function: the REPAIR-IDA trial
    • Onken JE, Bregman DB, Harrington RA, et al. Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with iron-deficiency anemia and impaired renal function: the REPAIR-IDA trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014; 29 (4): 833–842.
    • (2014) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 833-842
    • Onken, J.E.1    Bregman, D.B.2    Harrington, R.A.3
  • 92
    • 84894054748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter, randomized, active-controlled study to investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in patients with iron deficiency anemia
    • Onken JE, Bregman DB, Harrington RA, et al. A multicenter, randomized, active-controlled study to investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Transfusion. 2014; 54 (2): 306–315.
    • (2014) Transfusion , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 306-315
    • Onken, J.E.1    Bregman, D.B.2    Harrington, R.A.3
  • 93
    • 85056137737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
    • Macdougall IC, White C, Anker SD, et al. Intravenous iron in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2019; 380 (5): 447–458.
    • (2019) N Engl J Med , vol.380 , Issue.5 , pp. 447-458
    • Macdougall, I.C.1    White, C.2    Anker, S.D.3
  • 94
    • 84942990469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of intravenous and oral iron in chronic kidney disease
    • Agarwal R, Kusek JW, Pappas MK. A randomized trial of intravenous and oral iron in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2015; 88 (4): 905–914.
    • (2015) Kidney Int , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 905-914
    • Agarwal, R.1    Kusek, J.W.2    Pappas, M.K.3
  • 96
    • 84949779219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New data on the safety of IV iron–but why the discrepancy with FIND-CKD?
    • Macdougall IC, Roger SD. New data on the safety of IV iron–but why the discrepancy with FIND-CKD? Kidney Int. 2015; 88 (6): 1445–1446.
    • (2015) Kidney Int , vol.88 , Issue.6 , pp. 1445-1446
    • Macdougall, I.C.1    Roger, S.D.2
  • 97
    • 85066456084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of iron isomaltoside on skeletal muscle energetics in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency
    • Charles-Edwards G, Amaral N, Sleigh A, et al. Effect of iron isomaltoside on skeletal muscle energetics in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency. Circulation. 2019; 139 (21): 2386–2398.
    • (2019) Circulation , vol.139 , Issue.21 , pp. 2386-2398
    • Charles-Edwards, G.1    Amaral, N.2    Sleigh, A.3
  • 98
    • 85106279230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron supplement for iron deficiency in cardiac transplant recipients (IronIC)
    • 2, Mar
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Intravenous iron supplement for iron deficiency in cardiac transplant recipients (IronIC). NCT03662789. 2 Mar 2020.
    • (2020) NCT03662789
  • 99
    • 85106302177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron supplement for iron deficiency in patients with severe aortic stenosis (IIISAS)
    • 3, Apr
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Intravenous iron supplement for iron deficiency in patients with severe aortic stenosis (IIISAS). NCT04206228. 3 Apr 2020.
    • (2020) NCT04206228
  • 100
    • 85106271531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron treatment in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency: IRONMAN (IRONMAN)
    • 6, Oct
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Intravenous iron treatment in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency: IRONMAN (IRONMAN). NCT02642562. 6 Oct 2020.
    • (2020) NCT02642562
  • 101
    • 85106308030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous iron in patients with systolic heart failure and iron deficiency to improve morbidity & mortality (FAIR-HF2)
    • May
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Intravenous iron in patients with systolic heart failure and iron deficiency to improve morbidity & mortality (FAIR-HF2). NCT03036462. 8 May 2020.
    • (2020) NCT03036462 , pp. 8
  • 102
    • 85106271607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized placebo-controlled trial of FCM as treatment for heart failure with iron deficiency (HEART-FID)
    • 3, Nov
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of FCM as treatment for heart failure with iron deficiency (HEART-FID). NCT03037931. 3 Nov 2020.
    • (2020) NCT03037931
  • 103
    • 84894067309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010
    • Kassebaum NJ, Jasrasaria R, Naghavi M, et al. A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. Blood. 2014; 123 (5): 615–624.
    • (2014) Blood , vol.123 , Issue.5 , pp. 615-624
    • Kassebaum, N.J.1    Jasrasaria, R.2    Naghavi, M.3
  • 104
    • 85031738724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease and injury incidence and prevalence collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
    • Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016. Disease and injury incidence and prevalence collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017; 390 (10100): 1211–1259.
    • (2017) Lancet , vol.390 , Issue.10100 , pp. 1211-1259
  • 105
    • 85088680573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel use of burosumab in refractory iron-induced FGF23-mediated hypophosphataemic osteomalacia
    • Amarnani R, Travis S, Javaid MK. Novel use of burosumab in refractory iron-induced FGF23-mediated hypophosphataemic osteomalacia. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020; 59 (8): 2166–2168.
    • (2020) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.59 , Issue.8 , pp. 2166-2168
    • Amarnani, R.1    Travis, S.2    Javaid, M.K.3
  • 106
    • 77952118055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [cited 2020 Nov 4]. Available from
    • CRYSVITA (burosumab). Summary of product characteristics. [cited 2020 Nov 4]. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/crysvita-epar-product-information_en.pdf
    • Summary of product characteristics


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.