메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 122, Issue , 2019, Pages 67-90

Air pollution, environmental chemicals, and smoking may trigger vitamin D deficiency: Evidence and potential mechanisms

Author keywords

Air pollution; Endocrine disrupters; Heavy metals; Tobacco smoke; Vitamin D deficiency

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTION; CHEMICALS; HEAVY METALS; METABOLITES; SMOKE; TISSUE HOMEOSTASIS; TOBACCO; TRANSCRIPTION; VITAMINS;

EID: 85057457326     PISSN: 01604120     EISSN: 18736750     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.052     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (132)

References (172)
  • 1
    • 0033794009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of the Mexico City UV monitoring network: UV-B measurements at ground level in the urban environment
    • Acosta, L., Evans, W., Design of the Mexico City UV monitoring network: UV-B measurements at ground level in the urban environment. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 105 (2000), 5017–5026.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. , vol.105 , pp. 5017-5026
    • Acosta, L.1    Evans, W.2
  • 2
    • 48749085956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of autoimmune diseases by the vitamin D endocrine system
    • Adorini, L., Penna, G., Control of autoimmune diseases by the vitamin D endocrine system. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol., 4, 2008, 404.
    • (2008) Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. , vol.4 , pp. 404
    • Adorini, L.1    Penna, G.2
  • 3
    • 0036312138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of atmospheric pollution on vitamin D status of infants and toddlers in Delhi, India
    • Agarwal, K., Mughal, M., Upadhyay, P., Berry, J., Mawer, E., Puliyel, J., The impact of atmospheric pollution on vitamin D status of infants and toddlers in Delhi, India. Arch. Dis. Child. 87 (2002), 111–113.
    • (2002) Arch. Dis. Child. , vol.87 , pp. 111-113
    • Agarwal, K.1    Mughal, M.2    Upadhyay, P.3    Berry, J.4    Mawer, E.5    Puliyel, J.6
  • 5
    • 63249124697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5‑pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) on vertebral bone mineralization and on thyroxin and vitamin D levels in Sprague–Dawley rats
    • Alvarez-Lloret, P., Lind, P.M., Nyberg, I., Örberg, J., Rodríguez-Navarro, A.B., Effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5‑pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) on vertebral bone mineralization and on thyroxin and vitamin D levels in Sprague–Dawley rats. Toxicol. Lett. 187 (2009), 63–68.
    • (2009) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.187 , pp. 63-68
    • Alvarez-Lloret, P.1    Lind, P.M.2    Nyberg, I.3    Örberg, J.4    Rodríguez-Navarro, A.B.5
  • 8
    • 0141465023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical indicators of metabolic poisoning associated with lead based occupations in nutritionally disadvantaged communities
    • Anetor, J., Adeniyi, F., Taylor, G., Biochemical indicators of metabolic poisoning associated with lead based occupations in nutritionally disadvantaged communities. Afr. J. Med. Med. Sci. 28 (1999), 9–12.
    • (1999) Afr. J. Med. Med. Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 9-12
    • Anetor, J.1    Adeniyi, F.2    Taylor, G.3
  • 10
    • 84867993574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of living in rural and urban areas: vitamin D and medical costs in veterans
    • Bailey, B.A., Manning, T., Peiris, A.N., The impact of living in rural and urban areas: vitamin D and medical costs in veterans. J. Rural. Health 28 (2012), 356–363.
    • (2012) J. Rural. Health , vol.28 , pp. 356-363
    • Bailey, B.A.1    Manning, T.2    Peiris, A.N.3
  • 12
    • 84882746418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of cigarette smoke exposure on vitamin D level and biochemical parameters of mothers and neonates
    • Banihosseini, S.Z., Baheiraei, A., Shirzad, N., Heshmat, R., Mohsenifar, A., The effect of cigarette smoke exposure on vitamin D level and biochemical parameters of mothers and neonates. J. Diabetes Metab. Disord., 12, 2013, 19.
    • (2013) J. Diabetes Metab. Disord. , vol.12 , pp. 19
    • Banihosseini, S.Z.1    Baheiraei, A.2    Shirzad, N.3    Heshmat, R.4    Mohsenifar, A.5
  • 14
    • 0032724355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D-binding protein prevents vitamin D deficiency and presents vitamin D for its renal activation
    • Berg, J.P., Vitamin D-binding protein prevents vitamin D deficiency and presents vitamin D for its renal activation. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 141 (1999), 321–322.
    • (1999) Eur. J. Endocrinol. , vol.141 , pp. 321-322
    • Berg, J.P.1
  • 15
    • 82455162446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D metabolism and function in the skin
    • Bikle, D.D., Vitamin D metabolism and function in the skin. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 347 (2011), 80–89.
    • (2011) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. , vol.347 , pp. 80-89
    • Bikle, D.D.1
  • 16
    • 84897071025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications
    • Bikle, D.D., Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. Chem. Biol. 21 (2014), 319–329.
    • (2014) Chem. Biol. , vol.21 , pp. 319-329
    • Bikle, D.D.1
  • 18
    • 0028988403 scopus 로고
    • Structure-function relationships in the vitamin D endocrine system
    • Bouillon, R., Okamura, W.H., Norman, A.W., Structure-function relationships in the vitamin D endocrine system. Endocr. Rev. 16 (1995), 200–257.
    • (1995) Endocr. Rev. , vol.16 , pp. 200-257
    • Bouillon, R.1    Okamura, W.H.2    Norman, A.W.3
  • 19
    • 0019881501 scopus 로고
    • Plasma vitamin D and blood lead concentrations in Asian children
    • Box, V., Cherry, N., Waldron, H., Dattani, J., Griffiths, K., Hill, F., Plasma vitamin D and blood lead concentrations in Asian children. Lancet, 318, 1981, 373.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.318 , pp. 373
    • Box, V.1    Cherry, N.2    Waldron, H.3    Dattani, J.4    Griffiths, K.5    Hill, F.6
  • 20
    • 0032761761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of smoking on vitamin D status and calcium metabolism
    • Brot, C., Jørgensen, N.R., Sørensen, O.H., The influence of smoking on vitamin D status and calcium metabolism. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 53, 1999, 920.
    • (1999) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.53 , pp. 920
    • Brot, C.1    Jørgensen, N.R.2    Sørensen, O.H.3
  • 21
    • 27744509672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of low-level lifetime exposure to cadmium on calciotropic hormones in aged female rats
    • Brzóska, M.M., Moniuszko-Jakoniuk, J., Effect of low-level lifetime exposure to cadmium on calciotropic hormones in aged female rats. Arch. Toxicol. 79 (2005), 636–646.
    • (2005) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.79 , pp. 636-646
    • Brzóska, M.M.1    Moniuszko-Jakoniuk, J.2
  • 22
    • 78049431943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comprehensive association analysis of nine candidate genes with serum 25‑hydroxy vitamin D levels among healthy Caucasian subjects
    • Bu, F.-X., Armas, L., Lappe, J., Zhou, Y., Gao, G., Wang, H.-W., Recker, R., Zhao, L.-J., Comprehensive association analysis of nine candidate genes with serum 25‑hydroxy vitamin D levels among healthy Caucasian subjects. Hum. Genet. 128 (2010), 549–556.
    • (2010) Hum. Genet. , vol.128 , pp. 549-556
    • Bu, F.-X.1    Armas, L.2    Lappe, J.3    Zhou, Y.4    Gao, G.5    Wang, H.-W.6    Recker, R.7    Zhao, L.-J.8
  • 24
    • 84930934685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mexico City normal weight children exposed to high concentrations of ambient PM2.5 show high blood leptin and endothelin‑1, vitamin D deficiency, and food reward hormone dysregulation versus low pollution controls. Relevance for obesity and Alzheimer disease
    • Calderón-Garcidueñas, L., Franco-Lira, M., D'angiulli, A., Rodríguez-Díaz, J., Blaurock-Busch, E., Busch, Y., Chao, C.-K., Thompson, C., Mukherjee, P.S., Torres-Jardón, R., Mexico City normal weight children exposed to high concentrations of ambient PM2.5 show high blood leptin and endothelin‑1, vitamin D deficiency, and food reward hormone dysregulation versus low pollution controls. Relevance for obesity and Alzheimer disease. Environ. Res. 140 (2015), 579–592.
    • (2015) Environ. Res. , vol.140 , pp. 579-592
    • Calderón-Garcidueñas, L.1    Franco-Lira, M.2    D'angiulli, A.3    Rodríguez-Díaz, J.4    Blaurock-Busch, E.5    Busch, Y.6    Chao, C.-K.7    Thompson, C.8    Mukherjee, P.S.9    Torres-Jardón, R.10
  • 25
    • 0031596178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of vitamin D3 metabolites in smelter workers exposed to lead and cadmium
    • Chalkley, S., Richmond, J., Barltrop, D., Measurement of vitamin D3 metabolites in smelter workers exposed to lead and cadmium. Occup. Environ. Med. 55 (1998), 446–452.
    • (1998) Occup. Environ. Med. , vol.55 , pp. 446-452
    • Chalkley, S.1    Richmond, J.2    Barltrop, D.3
  • 26
    • 84903743502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of 25‑hydroxyvitamin D with Hb and lead in children: a Chinese population-based study
    • Chang, L., Liu, X., Shi, H., Dai, W., Wang, H., Jiang, Y., Association of 25‑hydroxyvitamin D with Hb and lead in children: a Chinese population-based study. Public Health Nutr. 17 (2014), 827–832.
    • (2014) Public Health Nutr. , vol.17 , pp. 827-832
    • Chang, L.1    Liu, X.2    Shi, H.3    Dai, W.4    Wang, H.5    Jiang, Y.6
  • 27
    • 0141831724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of low 25‑hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with elevated parathyroid hormone concentrations and low cortical bone density in early pubertal and prepubertal Finnish girls
    • Cheng, S., Tylavsky, F., Kröger, H., Kärkkäinen, M., Lyytikäinen, A., Koistinen, A., Mahonen, A., Alen, M., Halleen, J., Väänänen, K., Association of low 25‑hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with elevated parathyroid hormone concentrations and low cortical bone density in early pubertal and prepubertal Finnish girls. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 78 (2003), 485–492.
    • (2003) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.78 , pp. 485-492
    • Cheng, S.1    Tylavsky, F.2    Kröger, H.3    Kärkkäinen, M.4    Lyytikäinen, A.5    Koistinen, A.6    Mahonen, A.7    Alen, M.8    Halleen, J.9    Väänänen, K.10
  • 29
    • 85046703068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between vitamin D serum levels and passive smoking exposure in children with asthma
    • Chinellato, I., Piazza, M., Sandri, M., Paiola, G., Tezza, G., Boner, A.L., Correlation between vitamin D serum levels and passive smoking exposure in children with asthma. Allergy Asthma Proc. 39 (2018), 8–14.
    • (2018) Allergy Asthma Proc. , vol.39 , pp. 8-14
    • Chinellato, I.1    Piazza, M.2    Sandri, M.3    Paiola, G.4    Tezza, G.5    Boner, A.L.6
  • 33
    • 33750958849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of tobacco smoking on renal function
    • Cooper, R.G., Effect of tobacco smoking on renal function. Indian J. Med. Res., 124, 2006, 261.
    • (2006) Indian J. Med. Res. , vol.124 , pp. 261
    • Cooper, R.G.1
  • 34
    • 85011385846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals
    • The National Academies Press Washington, DC
    • Council, NR, Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals. 2006, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2006)
    • Council, NR,1
  • 36
    • 34548202165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics
    • Deeb, K.K., Trump, D.L., Johnson, C.S., Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 7, 2007, 684.
    • (2007) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.7 , pp. 684
    • Deeb, K.K.1    Trump, D.L.2    Johnson, C.S.3
  • 41
    • 84864411351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association analyses identify multiple new lung cancer susceptibility loci and their interactions with smoking in the Chinese population
    • Dong, J., Hu, Z., Wu, C., Guo, H., Zhou, B., Lv, J., Lu, D., Chen, K., Shi, Y., Chu, M., Association analyses identify multiple new lung cancer susceptibility loci and their interactions with smoking in the Chinese population. Nat. Genet., 44, 2012, 895.
    • (2012) Nat. Genet. , vol.44 , pp. 895
    • Dong, J.1    Hu, Z.2    Wu, C.3    Guo, H.4    Zhou, B.5    Lv, J.6    Lu, D.7    Chen, K.8    Shi, Y.9    Chu, M.10
  • 42
    • 84872677330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical effects of lead exposure on battery manufacture workers with reference to blood pressure, calcium metabolism and bone mineral density
    • Dongre, N.N., Suryakar, A.N., Patil, A.J., Hundekari, I.A., Devarnavadagi, B.B., Biochemical effects of lead exposure on battery manufacture workers with reference to blood pressure, calcium metabolism and bone mineral density. Indian J. Clin. Biochem. 28 (2013), 65–70.
    • (2013) Indian J. Clin. Biochem. , vol.28 , pp. 65-70
    • Dongre, N.N.1    Suryakar, A.N.2    Patil, A.J.3    Hundekari, I.A.4    Devarnavadagi, B.B.5
  • 44
    • 0021237382 scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal absorption of lead in chicks: involvement of the cholecalciferol endocrine system
    • Edelstein, S., Fullmer, C.S., Wasserman, R.H., Gastrointestinal absorption of lead in chicks: involvement of the cholecalciferol endocrine system. J. Nutr. 114 (1984), 692–700.
    • (1984) J. Nutr. , vol.114 , pp. 692-700
    • Edelstein, S.1    Fullmer, C.S.2    Wasserman, R.H.3
  • 45
  • 46
    • 84861191928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological Profile for Uranium
    • ENDS, PCP, Toxicological Profile for Uranium. 2011.
    • (2011)
    • ENDS, PCP,1
  • 47
    • 84896696025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of serum bisphenol A, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Erden, E.S., Genc, S., Ustun, I., Ulutas, K.T., Bilgic, H.K., Oktar, S., Sungur, S., Erem, C., Gokce, C., Investigation of serum bisphenol A, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Endocrine 45 (2014), 311–318.
    • (2014) Endocrine , vol.45 , pp. 311-318
    • Erden, E.S.1    Genc, S.2    Ustun, I.3    Ulutas, K.T.4    Bilgic, H.K.5    Oktar, S.6    Sungur, S.7    Erem, C.8    Gokce, C.9
  • 49
    • 10044272155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1α‑hydroxylase in human brain
    • Eyles, D.W., Smith, S., Kinobe, R., Hewison, M., McGrath, J.J., Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1α‑hydroxylase in human brain. J. Chem. Neuroanat. 29 (2005), 21–30.
    • (2005) J. Chem. Neuroanat. , vol.29 , pp. 21-30
    • Eyles, D.W.1    Smith, S.2    Kinobe, R.3    Hewison, M.4    McGrath, J.J.5
  • 50
    • 84864404665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between sunscreen layer thickness and vitamin D production after ultraviolet B exposure: a randomized clinical trial
    • Faurschou, A., Beyer, D., Schmedes, A., Bogh, M., Philipsen, P., Wulf, H., The relation between sunscreen layer thickness and vitamin D production after ultraviolet B exposure: a randomized clinical trial. Br. J. Dermatol. 167 (2012), 391–395.
    • (2012) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.167 , pp. 391-395
    • Faurschou, A.1    Beyer, D.2    Schmedes, A.3    Bogh, M.4    Philipsen, P.5    Wulf, H.6
  • 51
    • 26444557707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered retinoid metabolism in female Long-Evans and Han/Wistar rats following long-term 2,3,7,8‑tetrachlorodibenzo‑p‑dioxin (TCDD)-treatment
    • Fletcher, N., Giese, N., Schmidt, C., Stern, N., Lind, P.M., Viluksela, M., Tuomisto, J.T., Tuomisto, J., Nau, H., Håkansson, H., Altered retinoid metabolism in female Long-Evans and Han/Wistar rats following long-term 2,3,7,8‑tetrachlorodibenzo‑p‑dioxin (TCDD)-treatment. Toxicol. Sci. 86 (2005), 264–272.
    • (2005) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 264-272
    • Fletcher, N.1    Giese, N.2    Schmidt, C.3    Stern, N.4    Lind, P.M.5    Viluksela, M.6    Tuomisto, J.T.7    Tuomisto, J.8    Nau, H.9    Håkansson, H.10
  • 55
    • 33745698851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of vitamin D status in adult Crohn's disease patients, with particular emphasis on supplemental vitamin D use
    • Gilman, J., Shanahan, F., Cashman, K., Determinants of vitamin D status in adult Crohn's disease patients, with particular emphasis on supplemental vitamin D use. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 60, 2006, 889.
    • (2006) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.60 , pp. 889
    • Gilman, J.1    Shanahan, F.2    Cashman, K.3
  • 56
    • 0024406978 scopus 로고
    • Acid haze air pollution and breast and colon cancer mortality in 20 Canadian cities
    • Gorham, E.D., Garland, C.F., Garland, F.C., Acid haze air pollution and breast and colon cancer mortality in 20 Canadian cities. Can. J. Public Health 80 (1989), 96–100.
    • (1989) Can. J. Public Health , vol.80 , pp. 96-100
    • Gorham, E.D.1    Garland, C.F.2    Garland, F.C.3
  • 57
    • 0023212584 scopus 로고
    • Increased bone turnover during gonadotropin-releasing hormone superagonist-induced ovulation inhibition
    • Gudmundsson, J.A., Ljunghall, S., Bergquist, C., Wide, L., Nillius, S.J., Increased bone turnover during gonadotropin-releasing hormone superagonist-induced ovulation inhibition. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 65 (1987), 159–163.
    • (1987) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.65 , pp. 159-163
    • Gudmundsson, J.A.1    Ljunghall, S.2    Bergquist, C.3    Wide, L.4    Nillius, S.J.5
  • 58
    • 58149189055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory epithelial cells convert inactive vitamin D to its active form: potential effects on host defense
    • Hansdottir, S., Monick, M.M., Hinde, S.L., Lovan, N., Look, D.C., Hunninghake, G.W., Respiratory epithelial cells convert inactive vitamin D to its active form: potential effects on host defense. J. Immunol. 181 (2008), 7090–7099.
    • (2008) J. Immunol. , vol.181 , pp. 7090-7099
    • Hansdottir, S.1    Monick, M.M.2    Hinde, S.L.3    Lovan, N.4    Look, D.C.5    Hunninghake, G.W.6
  • 59
    • 85057450982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking Disrupts Vitamin D Metabolism in the Lungs. A36 INFLAMMATION AND THE AIRWAY EPITHELIUM
    • American Thoracic Society
    • Hansdottir, S., Monick, M.M., Lovan, N., Powers, L.S., Hunninghake, G.W., Smoking Disrupts Vitamin D Metabolism in the Lungs. A36 INFLAMMATION AND THE AIRWAY EPITHELIUM. 2010, American Thoracic Society.
    • (2010)
    • Hansdottir, S.1    Monick, M.M.2    Lovan, N.3    Powers, L.S.4    Hunninghake, G.W.5
  • 60
    • 0034022451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premenopausal smoking and bone density in 2015 perimenopausal women
    • Hermann, A., Brot, C., Gram, J., Kolthoff, N., Mosekilde, L., Premenopausal smoking and bone density in 2015 perimenopausal women. J. Bone Miner. Res. 15 (2000), 780–787.
    • (2000) J. Bone Miner. Res. , vol.15 , pp. 780-787
    • Hermann, A.1    Brot, C.2    Gram, J.3    Kolthoff, N.4    Mosekilde, L.5
  • 61
    • 0028898668 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors that influence the cutaneous production of vitamin D
    • Holick, M.F., Environmental factors that influence the cutaneous production of vitamin D. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 61 (1995), 638S–645S.
    • (1995) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.61 , pp. 638S-645S
    • Holick, M.F.1
  • 62
    • 33644668623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High Prevalence of Vitamin D Inadequacy and Implications for Health. Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    • Elsevier
    • Holick, M.F., High Prevalence of Vitamin D Inadequacy and Implications for Health. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2006, Elsevier.
    • (2006)
    • Holick, M.F.1
  • 63
    • 34447514029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency
    • Holick, M.F., Vitamin D deficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (2007), 266–281.
    • (2007) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.357 , pp. 266-281
    • Holick, M.F.1
  • 64
    • 58949093000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D status: measurement, interpretation, and clinical application
    • Holick, M.F., Vitamin D status: measurement, interpretation, and clinical application. Ann. Epidemiol. 19 (2009), 73–78.
    • (2009) Ann. Epidemiol. , vol.19 , pp. 73-78
    • Holick, M.F.1
  • 65
    • 85056705103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Call to action: pregnant women in-deed require vitamin D supplementation for better health outcomes
    • Holick, M.F.A., Call to action: pregnant women in-deed require vitamin D supplementation for better health outcomes. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 104 (2018), 13–15.
    • (2018) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.104 , pp. 13-15
    • Holick, M.F.A.1
  • 66
    • 42249090551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences
    • Holick, M.F., Chen, T.C., Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 87 (2008), 1080S–1086S.
    • (2008) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.87 , pp. 1080S-1086S
    • Holick, M.F.1    Chen, T.C.2
  • 68
    • 0021249236 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of equilibrium and disequilibrium assay conditions for ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol and their major metabolites
    • Hollis, B.W., Comparison of equilibrium and disequilibrium assay conditions for ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol and their major metabolites. J. Steroid Biochem. 21 (1984), 81–86.
    • (1984) J. Steroid Biochem. , vol.21 , pp. 81-86
    • Hollis, B.W.1
  • 69
  • 70
    • 77956460411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of air pollution on vitamin D status in healthy women: a cross sectional study
    • Hosseinpanah, F., Heibatollahi, M., Moghbel, N., Asefzade, S., Azizi, F., The effects of air pollution on vitamin D status in healthy women: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health, 10, 2010, 519.
    • (2010) BMC Public Health , vol.10 , pp. 519
    • Hosseinpanah, F.1    Heibatollahi, M.2    Moghbel, N.3    Asefzade, S.4    Azizi, F.5
  • 71
    • 33750632195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The case against ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as a vitamin supplement
    • Houghton, L.A., Vieth, R., The case against ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as a vitamin supplement. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 84 (2006), 694–697.
    • (2006) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.84 , pp. 694-697
    • Houghton, L.A.1    Vieth, R.2
  • 72
    • 0041525827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in elderly women in Italy: clinical consequences and risk factors
    • Isaia, G., Giorgino, R., Rini, G., Bevilacqua, M., Maugeri, D., Adami, S., Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in elderly women in Italy: clinical consequences and risk factors. Osteoporos. Int. 14 (2003), 577–582.
    • (2003) Osteoporos. Int. , vol.14 , pp. 577-582
    • Isaia, G.1    Giorgino, R.2    Rini, G.3    Bevilacqua, M.4    Maugeri, D.5    Adami, S.6
  • 75
    • 84976628365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and serum vitamin D in older Chinese people: cross-sectional analysis based on the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study
    • Jiang, C., Chan, Y., Xu, L., Jin, Y., Zhu, T., Zhang, W., Cheng, K., Lam, T., Smoking and serum vitamin D in older Chinese people: cross-sectional analysis based on the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. BMJ Open, 6, 2016, e010946.
    • (2016) BMJ Open , vol.6
    • Jiang, C.1    Chan, Y.2    Xu, L.3    Jin, Y.4    Zhu, T.5    Zhang, W.6    Cheng, K.7    Lam, T.8
  • 76
    • 84994812742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between urinary phthalate metabolite and bisphenol A concentrations and vitamin D levels in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005–2010
    • Johns, L.E., Ferguson, K.K., Meeker, J.D., Relationships between urinary phthalate metabolite and bisphenol A concentrations and vitamin D levels in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005–2010. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 101 (2016), 4062–4069.
    • (2016) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.101 , pp. 4062-4069
    • Johns, L.E.1    Ferguson, K.K.2    Meeker, J.D.3
  • 77
    • 85031721330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary BPA and phthalate metabolite concentrations and plasma vitamin D levels in pregnant women: a repeated measures analysis
    • Johns, L.E., Ferguson, K.K., Cantonwine, D.E., McElrath, T.F., Mukherjee, B., Meeker, J.D., Urinary BPA and phthalate metabolite concentrations and plasma vitamin D levels in pregnant women: a repeated measures analysis. Environ. Health Perspect., 87026, 2017, 1.
    • (2017) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.87026 , pp. 1
    • Johns, L.E.1    Ferguson, K.K.2    Cantonwine, D.E.3    McElrath, T.F.4    Mukherjee, B.5    Meeker, J.D.6
  • 78
    • 13244273747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in smokers and non-smokers. The fifth Tromsø study
    • Jorde, R., Saleh, F., Figenschau, Y., Kamycheva, E., Haug, E., Sundsfjord, J., Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in smokers and non-smokers. The fifth Tromsø study. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 152 (2005), 39–45.
    • (2005) Eur. J. Endocrinol. , vol.152 , pp. 39-45
    • Jorde, R.1    Saleh, F.2    Figenschau, Y.3    Kamycheva, E.4    Haug, E.5    Sundsfjord, J.6
  • 80
    • 84863274663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of embryonic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on zebrafish skeletal development
    • Ju, L., Tang, K., Guo, X.-R., Yang, Y., Zhu, G.-Z., Lou, Y., Effects of embryonic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on zebrafish skeletal development. Mol. Med. Rep. 5 (2012), 1227–1231.
    • (2012) Mol. Med. Rep. , vol.5 , pp. 1227-1231
    • Ju, L.1    Tang, K.2    Guo, X.-R.3    Yang, Y.4    Zhu, G.-Z.5    Lou, Y.6
  • 82
    • 0033750378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent epidemiological studies on itai-itai disease as a chronic cadmium poisoning in Japan
    • Kasuya, M., Recent epidemiological studies on itai-itai disease as a chronic cadmium poisoning in Japan. Water Sci. Technol. 42 (2000), 147–154.
    • (2000) Water Sci. Technol. , vol.42 , pp. 147-154
    • Kasuya, M.1
  • 83
    • 0025847325 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary study on serum levels of 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D and 25‑hydroxyvitamin D in cadmium-induced renal tubular dysfunction
    • Keiko, A., Minoru, K., Preliminary study on serum levels of 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D and 25‑hydroxyvitamin D in cadmium-induced renal tubular dysfunction. Toxicol. Lett. 57 (1991), 91–99.
    • (1991) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.57 , pp. 91-99
    • Keiko, A.1    Minoru, K.2
  • 87
    • 0035941997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matrix metalloproteinase‑1 and skin ageing in smokers
    • Lahmann, C., Bergemann, J., Harrison, G., Young, A.R., Matrix metalloproteinase‑1 and skin ageing in smokers. Lancet 357 (2001), 935–936.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 935-936
    • Lahmann, C.1    Bergemann, J.2    Harrison, G.3    Young, A.R.4
  • 88
    • 0034778193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency and bone health in healthy adults in Finland: could this be a concern in other parts of Europe?
    • Lamberg-Allardt, C.J., Outila, T.A., Kärkkäinen, M.U., Rita, H.J., Valsta, L.M., Vitamin D deficiency and bone health in healthy adults in Finland: could this be a concern in other parts of Europe?. J. Bone Miner. Res. 16 (2001), 2066–2073.
    • (2001) J. Bone Miner. Res. , vol.16 , pp. 2066-2073
    • Lamberg-Allardt, C.J.1    Outila, T.A.2    Kärkkäinen, M.U.3    Rita, H.J.4    Valsta, L.M.5
  • 89
    • 0028938284 scopus 로고
    • Serum intact parathyroid hormone in a random population sample of men and women: relationship to anthropometry, life-style factors, blood pressure, and vitamin D
    • Landin-Wilhelmsen, K., Wilhelmsen, L., Lappas, G., Rosen, T., Lindstedt, G., Lundberg, P.-A., Wilske, J., Bengtsson, B.-Å., Serum intact parathyroid hormone in a random population sample of men and women: relationship to anthropometry, life-style factors, blood pressure, and vitamin D. Calcif. Tissue Int. 56 (1995), 104–108.
    • (1995) Calcif. Tissue Int. , vol.56 , pp. 104-108
    • Landin-Wilhelmsen, K.1    Wilhelmsen, L.2    Lappas, G.3    Rosen, T.4    Lindstedt, G.5    Lundberg, P.-A.6    Wilske, J.7    Bengtsson, B.-Å.8
  • 91
    • 84879212221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy with bone-mineral content in offspring: a prospective cohort study
    • Lawlor, D.A., Wills, A.K., Fraser, A., Sayers, A., Fraser, W.D., Tobias, J.H., Association of maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy with bone-mineral content in offspring: a prospective cohort study. Lancet 381 (2013), 2176–2183.
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.381 , pp. 2176-2183
    • Lawlor, D.A.1    Wills, A.K.2    Fraser, A.3    Sayers, A.4    Fraser, W.D.5    Tobias, J.H.6
  • 92
    • 84884221251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between 25‑hydroxyvitamin D and immunologic, metabolic, inflammatory markers in treatment-naive HIV-infected persons: the ANRS CO9 «COPANA» cohort study
    • Legeai, C., Vigouroux, C., Souberbielle, J.-C., Bouchaud, O., Boufassa, F., Bastard, J.-P., Carlier, R., Capeau, J., Goujard, C., Meyer, L., Associations between 25‑hydroxyvitamin D and immunologic, metabolic, inflammatory markers in treatment-naive HIV-infected persons: the ANRS CO9 «COPANA» cohort study. PLoS One, 8, 2013, e74868.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Legeai, C.1    Vigouroux, C.2    Souberbielle, J.-C.3    Bouchaud, O.4    Boufassa, F.5    Bastard, J.-P.6    Carlier, R.7    Capeau, J.8    Goujard, C.9    Meyer, L.10
  • 94
    • 0033800180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced levels of 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat dams and offspring after exposure to a reconstituted PCB mixture
    • Lilienthal, H., Fastabend, A., Hany, J., Kaya, H., Roth-Härer, A., Dunemann, L., Winneke, G., Reduced levels of 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat dams and offspring after exposure to a reconstituted PCB mixture. Toxicol. Sci. 57 (2000), 292–301.
    • (2000) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.57 , pp. 292-301
    • Lilienthal, H.1    Fastabend, A.2    Hany, J.3    Kaya, H.4    Roth-Härer, A.5    Dunemann, L.6    Winneke, G.7
  • 95
    • 77954362186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worldwide status of vitamin D nutrition
    • Lips, P., Worldwide status of vitamin D nutrition. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 121 (2010), 297–300.
    • (2010) J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.121 , pp. 297-300
    • Lips, P.1
  • 96
    • 84884743241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worldwide Vitamin D Status. Vitamin D
    • Third edition Elsevier
    • Lips, P., van Schoor, N., Worldwide Vitamin D Status. Vitamin D. Third edition, 2011, Elsevier.
    • (2011)
    • Lips, P.1    van Schoor, N.2
  • 98
    • 33846982935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking is associated with lower bone mineral density and reduced cortical thickness in young men
    • Lorentzon, M., Mellström, D., Haug, E., Ohlsson, C., Smoking is associated with lower bone mineral density and reduced cortical thickness in young men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92 (2006), 497–503.
    • (2006) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.92 , pp. 497-503
    • Lorentzon, M.1    Mellström, D.2    Haug, E.3    Ohlsson, C.4
  • 99
    • 33745793905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cadmium concentration in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) from different countries and its relationship with other elements
    • Lugon-Moulin, N., Martin, F., Krauss, M.R., Ramey, P.B., Rossi, L., Cadmium concentration in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) from different countries and its relationship with other elements. Chemosphere 63 (2006), 1074–1086.
    • (2006) Chemosphere , vol.63 , pp. 1074-1086
    • Lugon-Moulin, N.1    Martin, F.2    Krauss, M.R.3    Ramey, P.B.4    Rossi, L.5
  • 100
    • 0020318881 scopus 로고
    • Spectral character of sunlight modulates photosynthesis of previtamin D3 and its photoisomers in human skin
    • MacLaughlin, J.A., Anderson, R., Holick, M.F., Spectral character of sunlight modulates photosynthesis of previtamin D3 and its photoisomers in human skin. Science 216 (1982), 1001–1003.
    • (1982) Science , vol.216 , pp. 1001-1003
    • MacLaughlin, J.A.1    Anderson, R.2    Holick, M.F.3
  • 102
    • 0020320071 scopus 로고
    • Association between age, blood lead concentration, and serum 1,25‑dihydroxycholecalciferol levels in children
    • Mahaffey, K.R., Rosen, J.F., Chesney, R.W., Peeler, J.T., Smith, C.M., DeLuca, H.F., Association between age, blood lead concentration, and serum 1,25‑dihydroxycholecalciferol levels in children. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 35 (1982), 1327–1331.
    • (1982) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.35 , pp. 1327-1331
    • Mahaffey, K.R.1    Rosen, J.F.2    Chesney, R.W.3    Peeler, J.T.4    Smith, C.M.5    DeLuca, H.F.6
  • 103
    • 84922887200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of serum cotinine on vitamin D serum concentrations among American females with different ethnic backgrounds
    • Manavi, K.R., Alston-Mills, B.P., Thompson, M.P., Allen, J.C., Effect of serum cotinine on vitamin D serum concentrations among American females with different ethnic backgrounds. Anticancer Res. 35 (2015), 1211–1218.
    • (2015) Anticancer Res. , vol.35 , pp. 1211-1218
    • Manavi, K.R.1    Alston-Mills, B.P.2    Thompson, M.P.3    Allen, J.C.4
  • 104
    • 53749097460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban tropospheric ozone increases the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Belgian postmenopausal women with outdoor activities during summer
    • Manicourt, D.-H., Devogelaer, J.-P., Urban tropospheric ozone increases the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Belgian postmenopausal women with outdoor activities during summer. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93 (2008), 3893–3899.
    • (2008) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.93 , pp. 3893-3899
    • Manicourt, D.-H.1    Devogelaer, J.-P.2
  • 106
    • 0036220629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The coming of age of 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogs as immunomodulatory agents
    • Mathieu, C., Adorini, L., The coming of age of 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogs as immunomodulatory agents. Trends Mol. Med. 8 (2002), 174–179.
    • (2002) Trends Mol. Med. , vol.8 , pp. 174-179
    • Mathieu, C.1    Adorini, L.2
  • 107
    • 65549157442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aryl hydrocarbon receptor activator benzo[a]pyrene enhances vitamin D3 catabolism in macrophages
    • Matsunawa, M., Amano, Y., Endo, K., Uno, S., Sakaki, T., Yamada, S., Makishima, M., The aryl hydrocarbon receptor activator benzo[a]pyrene enhances vitamin D3 catabolism in macrophages. Toxicol. Sci. 109 (2009), 50–58.
    • (2009) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.109 , pp. 50-58
    • Matsunawa, M.1    Amano, Y.2    Endo, K.3    Uno, S.4    Sakaki, T.5    Yamada, S.6    Makishima, M.7
  • 108
    • 84976614959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status of serum calcium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone and hematological indices among lead exposed jewelry workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh
    • Mazumdar, I., Goswami, K., Ali, M.S., Status of serum calcium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone and hematological indices among lead exposed jewelry workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Indian J. Clin. Biochem. 32 (2017), 110–116.
    • (2017) Indian J. Clin. Biochem. , vol.32 , pp. 110-116
    • Mazumdar, I.1    Goswami, K.2    Ali, M.S.3
  • 111
    • 0033799701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking, dietary calcium and vitamin D deficiency in women: a population-based study
    • Morabia, A., Bernstein, M., Antonini, S., Smoking, dietary calcium and vitamin D deficiency in women: a population-based study. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 54, 2000, 684.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.54 , pp. 684
    • Morabia, A.1    Bernstein, M.2    Antonini, S.3
  • 113
    • 0035078762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium and vitamin D in osteoporosis
    • Morgan, S.L., Calcium and vitamin D in osteoporosis. Rheum. Dis. Clin. 27 (2001), 101–130.
    • (2001) Rheum. Dis. Clin. , vol.27 , pp. 101-130
    • Morgan, S.L.1
  • 114
    • 85009836770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis and air pollution exposure: mechanisms toward brain autoimmunity
    • Mousavi, S.E., Heydarpour, P., Reis, J., Amiri, M., Sahraian, M.A., Multiple sclerosis and air pollution exposure: mechanisms toward brain autoimmunity. Med. Hypotheses 100 (2017), 23–30.
    • (2017) Med. Hypotheses , vol.100 , pp. 23-30
    • Mousavi, S.E.1    Heydarpour, P.2    Reis, J.3    Amiri, M.4    Sahraian, M.A.5
  • 115
    • 84905571955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoke exposure is associated with vitamin D3 deficiencies in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
    • Mulligan, J.K., Nagel, W., O'connell, B.P., Wentzel, J., Atkinson, C., Schlosser, R.J., Cigarette smoke exposure is associated with vitamin D3 deficiencies in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 134 (2014), 342–349.e341.
    • (2014) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. , vol.134 , pp. 342-349.e341
    • Mulligan, J.K.1    Nagel, W.2    O'connell, B.P.3    Wentzel, J.4    Atkinson, C.5    Schlosser, R.J.6
  • 116
    • 0033306808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative regulations of the renal 25‑hydroxyvitamin D3 1α‑hydroxylase gene by parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1α,25(OH)2D3 in intact animals
    • Murayama, A., Takeyama, K.-i., Kitanaka, S., Kodera, Y., Kawaguchi, Y., Hosoya, T., Kato, S., Positive and negative regulations of the renal 25‑hydroxyvitamin D3 1α‑hydroxylase gene by parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1α,25(OH)2D3 in intact animals. Endocrinology 140 (1999), 2224–2231.
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 2224-2231
    • Murayama, A.1    Takeyama, K.-I.2    Kitanaka, S.3    Kodera, Y.4    Kawaguchi, Y.5    Hosoya, T.6    Kato, S.7
  • 117
    • 23744437421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncalcemic actions of vitamin D receptor ligands
    • Nagpal, S., Na, S., Rathnachalam, R., Noncalcemic actions of vitamin D receptor ligands. Endocr. Rev. 26 (2005), 662–687.
    • (2005) Endocr. Rev. , vol.26 , pp. 662-687
    • Nagpal, S.1    Na, S.2    Rathnachalam, R.3
  • 118
    • 0036168730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between intestinal calcium absorption, serum vitamin D metabolites and smoking in postmenopausal women
    • Need, A., Kemp, A., Giles, N., Morris, H., Horowitz, M., Nordin, B., Relationships between intestinal calcium absorption, serum vitamin D metabolites and smoking in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos. Int. 13 (2002), 83–88.
    • (2002) Osteoporos. Int. , vol.13 , pp. 83-88
    • Need, A.1    Kemp, A.2    Giles, N.3    Morris, H.4    Horowitz, M.5    Nordin, B.6
  • 119
    • 0023133615 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism for bone disease found in inhabitants environmentally exposed to cadmium: decreased serum 1α,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D level
    • Nogawa, K., Tsuritani, I., Kido, T., Honda, R., Yamada, Y., Ishizaki, M., Mechanism for bone disease found in inhabitants environmentally exposed to cadmium: decreased serum 1α,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D level. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 59 (1987), 21–30.
    • (1987) Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health , vol.59 , pp. 21-30
    • Nogawa, K.1    Tsuritani, I.2    Kido, T.3    Honda, R.4    Yamada, Y.5    Ishizaki, M.6
  • 121
    • 49449100141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From vitamin D to hormone D: fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system essential for good health
    • Norman, A.W., From vitamin D to hormone D: fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system essential for good health. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 88 (2008), 491S–499S.
    • (2008) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.88 , pp. 491S-499S
    • Norman, A.W.1
  • 122
    • 84897114244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic CCl4 intoxication causes liver and bone damage similar to the human pathology of hepatic osteodystrophy: a mouse model to analyse the liver–bone axis
    • Nussler, A.K., Wildemann, B., Freude, T., Litzka, C., Soldo, P., Friess, H., Hammad, S., Hengstler, J.G., Braun, K.F., Trak-Smayra, V., Chronic CCl4 intoxication causes liver and bone damage similar to the human pathology of hepatic osteodystrophy: a mouse model to analyse the liver–bone axis. Arch. Toxicol. 88 (2014), 997–1006.
    • (2014) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.88 , pp. 997-1006
    • Nussler, A.K.1    Wildemann, B.2    Freude, T.3    Litzka, C.4    Soldo, P.5    Friess, H.6    Hammad, S.7    Hengstler, J.G.8    Braun, K.F.9    Trak-Smayra, V.10
  • 123
    • 0036403421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxylase enzymes of the vitamin D pathway: expression, function, and regulation
    • Omdahl, J.L., Morris, H.A., May, B.K., Hydroxylase enzymes of the vitamin D pathway: expression, function, and regulation. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 22 (2002), 139–166.
    • (2002) Annu. Rev. Nutr. , vol.22 , pp. 139-166
    • Omdahl, J.L.1    Morris, H.A.2    May, B.K.3
  • 124
    • 0003494949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air Quality Guidelines for Europe
    • Organization, WH, Air Quality Guidelines for Europe. 2000.
    • (2000)
    • Organization, WH,1
  • 125
    • 84906789975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is vitamin D deficiency a major global public health problem?
    • Palacios, C., Gonzalez, L., Is vitamin D deficiency a major global public health problem?. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 144 (2014), 138–145.
    • (2014) J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.144 , pp. 138-145
    • Palacios, C.1    Gonzalez, L.2
  • 126
    • 84925601899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Pereira-Santos, M., Costa, P., Assis, A., Santos, C., Santos, D., Obesity and vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Rev. 16 (2015), 341–349.
    • (2015) Obes. Rev. , vol.16 , pp. 341-349
    • Pereira-Santos, M.1    Costa, P.2    Assis, A.3    Santos, C.4    Santos, D.5
  • 127
    • 14644419663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet radiation and skin aging: roles of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and protease activation, and strategies for prevention of inflammation-induced matrix degradation—a review
    • Pillai, S., Oresajo, C., Hayward, J., Ultraviolet radiation and skin aging: roles of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and protease activation, and strategies for prevention of inflammation-induced matrix degradation—a review. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 27 (2005), 17–34.
    • (2005) Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 17-34
    • Pillai, S.1    Oresajo, C.2    Hayward, J.3
  • 128
    • 78649697894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D, disease and therapeutic opportunities
    • Plum, L.A., DeLuca, H.F., Vitamin D, disease and therapeutic opportunities. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 9 (2010), 941–955.
    • (2010) Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. , vol.9 , pp. 941-955
    • Plum, L.A.1    DeLuca, H.F.2
  • 130
    • 85042662409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead affects vitamin D metabolism in rats
    • Rahman, A., Al-Awadi, A.A., Khan, K.M., Lead affects vitamin D metabolism in rats. Nutrients, 10, 2018, 264.
    • (2018) Nutrients , vol.10 , pp. 264
    • Rahman, A.1    Al-Awadi, A.A.2    Khan, K.M.3
  • 131
    • 84954306666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of cigarette smoking on vitamin D level and depression in male patients with acute ischemic stroke
    • Ren, W., Gu, Y., Zhu, L., Wang, L., Chang, Y., Yan, M., Han, B., He, J., The effect of cigarette smoking on vitamin D level and depression in male patients with acute ischemic stroke. Compr. Psychiatry 65 (2016), 9–14.
    • (2016) Compr. Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 9-14
    • Ren, W.1    Gu, Y.2    Zhu, L.3    Wang, L.4    Chang, Y.5    Yan, M.6    Han, B.7    He, J.8
  • 132
    • 85057504624 scopus 로고
    • BOOK REVIEWS. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene
    • Roe, F.J.C., BOOK REVIEWS. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene. 37, 1993, 341.
    • (1993) , vol.37 , pp. 341
    • Roe, F.J.C.1
  • 133
    • 0018902508 scopus 로고
    • Reduction in 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D in children with increased lead absorption
    • Rosen, J.F., Chesney, R.W., Hamstra, A., DeLuca, H.F., Mahaffey, K.R., Reduction in 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D in children with increased lead absorption. N. Engl. J. Med. 302 (1980), 1128–1131.
    • (1980) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.302 , pp. 1128-1131
    • Rosen, J.F.1    Chesney, R.W.2    Hamstra, A.3    DeLuca, H.F.4    Mahaffey, K.R.5
  • 137
    • 33749585599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway as a target for endocrine-disrupting chemicals
    • Sanderson, J.T., The steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway as a target for endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Toxicol. Sci. 94 (2006), 3–21.
    • (2006) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 3-21
    • Sanderson, J.T.1
  • 141
    • 0026721445 scopus 로고
    • Parathyroid hormone inhibits 25‑hydroxyvitamin D3‑24‑hydroxylase mRNA expression stimulated by 1alpha,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat kidney but not in intestine
    • Shinki, T., Jin, C.H., Nishimura, A., Nagai, Y., Ohyama, Y., Noshiro, M., Okuda, K., Suda, T., Parathyroid hormone inhibits 25‑hydroxyvitamin D3‑24‑hydroxylase mRNA expression stimulated by 1alpha,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat kidney but not in intestine. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992), 13757–13762.
    • (1992) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.267 , pp. 13757-13762
    • Shinki, T.1    Jin, C.H.2    Nishimura, A.3    Nagai, Y.4    Ohyama, Y.5    Noshiro, M.6    Okuda, K.7    Suda, T.8
  • 142
    • 84924557596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter 25‑hydroxyvitamin D levels in young urban adults are affected by smoking, body mass index and educational level
    • Shinkov, A., Borissova, A., Dakovska, L., Vlahov, J., Kassabova, L., Svinarov, D., Winter 25‑hydroxyvitamin D levels in young urban adults are affected by smoking, body mass index and educational level. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 69, 2015, 355.
    • (2015) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.69 , pp. 355
    • Shinkov, A.1    Borissova, A.2    Dakovska, L.3    Vlahov, J.4    Kassabova, L.5    Svinarov, D.6
  • 143
    • 0033855942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative toxicity of compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke condensate
    • Smith, C., Hansch, C., The relative toxicity of compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke condensate. Food Chem. Toxicol. 38 (2000), 637–646.
    • (2000) Food Chem. Toxicol. , vol.38 , pp. 637-646
    • Smith, C.1    Hansch, C.2
  • 144
    • 79956191039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid hormone levels associated with passive and active smoking
    • Soldin, O.P., Makambi, K.H., Soldin, S.J., O'Mara, D.M., Steroid hormone levels associated with passive and active smoking. Steroids 76 (2011), 653–659.
    • (2011) Steroids , vol.76 , pp. 653-659
    • Soldin, O.P.1    Makambi, K.H.2    Soldin, S.J.3    O'Mara, D.M.4
  • 145
    • 0017744132 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of lead, calcium, vitamin D, and nutrition in lead-burdened children
    • Sorrell, M., Rosen, J.F., Roginsky, M., Interactions of lead, calcium, vitamin D, and nutrition in lead-burdened children. Arch. Environ. Health 32 (1977), 160–164.
    • (1977) Arch. Environ. Health , vol.32 , pp. 160-164
    • Sorrell, M.1    Rosen, J.F.2    Roginsky, M.3
  • 148
    • 27744533661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between serum parathyroid hormone levels, vitamin D sufficiency, and calcium intake
    • Steingrimsdottir, L., Gunnarsson, O., Indridason, O.S., Franzson, L., Sigurdsson, G., Relationship between serum parathyroid hormone levels, vitamin D sufficiency, and calcium intake. JAMA 294 (2005), 2336–2341.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 2336-2341
    • Steingrimsdottir, L.1    Gunnarsson, O.2    Indridason, O.S.3    Franzson, L.4    Sigurdsson, G.5
  • 150
    • 0026051479 scopus 로고
    • Hyperparathyroidism and abnormal 1,25(OH)2vitamin D3 metabolism in experimental lead intoxication
    • Szabo, A., Merke, J., Hügel, U., Mall, G., Stoeppler, M., Ritz, E., Hyperparathyroidism and abnormal 1,25(OH)2vitamin D3 metabolism in experimental lead intoxication. Eur. J. Clin. Investig. 21 (1991), 512–520.
    • (1991) Eur. J. Clin. Investig. , vol.21 , pp. 512-520
    • Szabo, A.1    Merke, J.2    Hügel, U.3    Mall, G.4    Stoeppler, M.5    Ritz, E.6
  • 152
    • 79960579902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and obesity development in humans: a review
    • Tang-Péronard, J.L., Andersen, H.R., Jensen, T.K., Heitmann, B.L., Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and obesity development in humans: a review. Obes. Rev. 12 (2011), 622–636.
    • (2011) Obes. Rev. , vol.12 , pp. 622-636
    • Tang-Péronard, J.L.1    Andersen, H.R.2    Jensen, T.K.3    Heitmann, B.L.4
  • 154
  • 159
    • 0027092903 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of vitamin D metabolism due to environmental cadmium exposure, and possible relevance to sex-related differences in vulnerability to the bone damage
    • Tsuritani, I., Honda, R., Ishizaki, M., Yamada, Y., Kido, T., Nogawa, K., Impairment of vitamin D metabolism due to environmental cadmium exposure, and possible relevance to sex-related differences in vulnerability to the bone damage. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A 37 (1992), 519–533.
    • (1992) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A , vol.37 , pp. 519-533
    • Tsuritani, I.1    Honda, R.2    Ishizaki, M.3    Yamada, Y.4    Kido, T.5    Nogawa, K.6
  • 160
    • 33947657522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated urinary levels of vitamin D-binding protein in the inhabitants of a cadmium polluted area, Jinzu River basin, Japan
    • Uchida, M., Teranishi, H., Aoshima, K., Katoh, T., Kasuya, M., Inadera, H., Elevated urinary levels of vitamin D-binding protein in the inhabitants of a cadmium polluted area, Jinzu River basin, Japan. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 211 (2007), 269–274.
    • (2007) Tohoku J. Exp. Med. , vol.211 , pp. 269-274
    • Uchida, M.1    Teranishi, H.2    Aoshima, K.3    Katoh, T.4    Kasuya, M.5    Inadera, H.6
  • 162
    • 84865286549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women: a national cross-sectional survey
    • Vandevijvere, S., Amsalkhir, S., Van Oyen, H., Moreno-Reyes, R., High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women: a national cross-sectional survey. PLoS One, 7, 2012, e43868.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Vandevijvere, S.1    Amsalkhir, S.2    Van Oyen, H.3    Moreno-Reyes, R.4
  • 163
    • 33646890257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive dose–response effect of vitamin D supplementation on site-specific bone mineral augmentation in adolescent girls: a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled 1-year intervention
    • Viljakainen, H.T., Natri, A.M., Kärkkäinen, M., Huttunen, M.M., Palssa, A., Jakobsen, J., Cashman, K.D., Mølgaard, C., Lamberg-Allardt, C.A., Positive dose–response effect of vitamin D supplementation on site-specific bone mineral augmentation in adolescent girls: a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled 1-year intervention. J. Bone Miner. Res. 21 (2006), 836–844.
    • (2006) J. Bone Miner. Res. , vol.21 , pp. 836-844
    • Viljakainen, H.T.1    Natri, A.M.2    Kärkkäinen, M.3    Huttunen, M.M.4    Palssa, A.5    Jakobsen, J.6    Cashman, K.D.7    Mølgaard, C.8    Lamberg-Allardt, C.A.9
  • 166
    • 77951262787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly prevalent vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in an urban cohort of HIV-infected men under care
    • Wasserman, P., Rubin, D.S., Highly prevalent vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in an urban cohort of HIV-infected men under care. AIDS Patient Care STDs 24 (2010), 223–227.
    • (2010) AIDS Patient Care STDs , vol.24 , pp. 223-227
    • Wasserman, P.1    Rubin, D.S.2
  • 167
    • 0033786061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The multifunctional properties and characteristics of vitamin D-binding protein
    • White, P., Cooke, N., The multifunctional properties and characteristics of vitamin D-binding protein. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 11 (2000), 320–327.
    • (2000) Trends Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.11 , pp. 320-327
    • White, P.1    Cooke, N.2
  • 168
    • 80053643013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of uranium depletion on 1α‑hydroxylase in kidney of rats
    • Yan, M., Zhong, G., Gao, L., Xia, X., Wang, L., Hu, H., Weng, S., Effects of uranium depletion on 1α‑hydroxylase in kidney of rats. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 30 (2011), 786–790.
    • (2011) Hum. Exp. Toxicol. , vol.30 , pp. 786-790
    • Yan, M.1    Zhong, G.2    Gao, L.3    Xia, X.4    Wang, L.5    Hu, H.6    Weng, S.7
  • 169
    • 84856264450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between organochlorine pesticides and vitamin D deficiency in the US population
    • Yang, J.-H., Lee, Y.-M., Bae, S.-G., Jacobs, D.R. Jr., Lee, D.-H., Associations between organochlorine pesticides and vitamin D deficiency in the US population. PLoS One, 7, 2012, e30093.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Yang, J.-H.1    Lee, Y.-M.2    Bae, S.-G.3    Jacobs, D.R.4    Lee, D.-H.5
  • 170
  • 172
    • 84908610866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among middle-aged and elderly individuals in northwestern China: its relationship to osteoporosis and lifestyle factors
    • Zhen, D., Liu, L., Guan, C., Zhao, N., Tang, X., High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among middle-aged and elderly individuals in northwestern China: its relationship to osteoporosis and lifestyle factors. Bone 71 (2015), 1–6.
    • (2015) Bone , vol.71 , pp. 1-6
    • Zhen, D.1    Liu, L.2    Guan, C.3    Zhao, N.4    Tang, X.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.