Arterial stiffness, central haemodynamics and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Links with cardiovascular risk and effects of drug treatment

Current Vascular Pharmacology

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 401-404

  Katsiki, Niki ^a   Imprialos, Konstantinos ^a   Vlachopoulos, Charalambos ^b  

^a ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

Author keywords

Antidiabetic drugs; Antihypertensive; Arterial stiffness; Cardiovascular risk; Central haemodynamics; Hypolipidaemic drugs; Non alcoholic fatty liver disease

Indexed keywords

ATORVASTATIN; CANAGLIFLOZIN; DAPAGLIFLOZIN; DIURETIC AGENT; GLIMEPIRIDE; LINAGLIPTIN; LIRAGLUTIDE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LUSEOGLIFLOZIN; PIOGLITAZONE; ROSUVASTATIN; SAXAGLIPTIN; SITAGLIPTIN;

ARTERIAL STIFFNESS; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; AUGMENTATION INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; CLINICAL OUTCOME; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EDITORIAL; FATTY LIVER; HEART RATE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MORBIDITY; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; PULSE PRESSURE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; ULTRASOUND; VASODILATATION; HYPERTENSION; RISK FACTOR;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE; RISK FACTORS; ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM; VASCULAR STIFFNESS;

EID: 85048869657     PISSN: 15701611     EISSN: 18756212     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666171205105402     Document Type: Editorial

References (84)

1. Mitsiou E, Boutari C, Kotsis V, et al. Effect of low (5 mg) vs. high (20-40 mg) rosuvastatin dose on 24h arterial stiffness, central haemodynamics, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with optimally controlled arterial hypertension. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2017; 16(4): 393-400.
2. Athyros VG, Katsiki N, Doumas M, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Effect of tobacco smoking and smoking cessation on plasma lipoproteins and associated major cardiovascular risk factors: A narrative review. Curr Med Res Opin 2013; 29: 1263-74.
3. Cardoso CR, Salles GF. Aortic stiffness as a surrogate endpoint to micro-and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17: 17(12): 2044.
4. Li P, Wang L, Liu C. Overweightness, obesity and arterial stiffness in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature studies. Postgrad Med 2017; 129: 224-30.
5. Katsiki N, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Characteristics other than the diagnostic criteria associated with metabolic syndrome: An overview. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2014; 12: 627-41.
6. Katsiki N, Koumaras C, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A. Thinking beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors: the role of arterial stiffness in targeting residual risk. Angiology 2012; 63: 9-11.
7. Cheng HM, Park S, Huang Q, et al. Characteristics on the management of hypertension in Asia-morning hypertension discussion group (COME Asia MHDG). Vascular aging and hypertension: Implications for the clinical application of central blood pressure. Int J Cardiol 2017; 230: 209-13.
8. Katsiki N, Kolovou G. Smoking and arterial stiffness. Angiology 2015; 66: 969-70.
9. Boesen ME, Singh D, Menon BK, Frayne R. A systematic literature review of the effect of carotid atherosclerosis on local vessel stiffness and elasticity. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243: 211-22.
10. László A, Reusz G, Nemcsik J. Ambulatory arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease: A methodological review. Hypertens Res 2016; 39: 192-8.
11. Husmann M, Jacomella V, Thalhammer C, Amann-Vesti BR. Markers of arterial stiffness in peripheral arterial disease. Vasa 2015; 44: 341-8.
12. Siasos G, Mourouzis K, Oikonomou E, et al. The role of endothelial dysfunction in aortic aneurysms. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 21: 4016-34.
13. Villela-Nogueira CA, Leite NC, Cardoso CR, Salles GF. NAFLD and increased aortic stiffness: Parallel or common physiopathological mechanisms? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17(4): 460.
14. Athyros VG, Tziomalos K, Katsiki N, Doumas M, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Cardiovascular risk across the histological spectrum and the clinical manifestations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An update. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 6820-34.
15. Vlachopoulos C, Manesis E, Baou K, et al. Increased arterial stiffness and impaired endothelial function in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A pilot study. Am J Hypertens 2010; 23: 1183-9.
16. Vlachopoulos C, Aznaouridis K, Stefanadis C. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: 1318-27.
17. Ben-Shlomo Y, Spears M, Boustred C, et al. Aortic pulse wave velocity improves cardiovascular event prediction: An individual participant meta-analysis of prospective observational data from 17,635 subjects. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63: 636-46.
18. Townsend RR, Wilkinson IB, Schiffrin EL, et al. Recommendations for improving and standardizing vascular research on arterial stiffness: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension 2015; 66: 698-722.
19. Vlachopoulos C, Xaplanteris P, Aboyans V, et al. The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European society of cardiology working group on peripheral circulation: Endorsed by the association for research into arterial structure and physiology (ARTERY) society. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241: 507-32.
20. Catapano AL, Graham I, De Backer G, et al. 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2999-3058.
21. Vlachopoulos C, Aznaouridis K, O' Rourke MF, Safar ME, Baou K, Stefanadis C. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with central haemodynamics: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 1865-71.
22. McEniery CM, Cockcroft JR, Roman MJ, Franklin SS, Wilkinson IB. Central blood pressure: Current evidence and clinical importance. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 1719-25.
23. Mitchell GF. Does measurement of central blood pressure have treatment consequences in the clinical praxis? Curr Hypertens Rep 2015; 17: 66.
24. Kollias A, Lagou S, Zeniodi ME, Boubouchairopoulou N, Stergiou GS. Association of central versus brachial blood pressure with target-organ damage: Systematic review and meta-analysis. hypertension 2016; 67: 183-90.
25. Pucci G, Battista F, Crocetti A, Tilocca G, Boschetti E. How to measure 24-hour central blood pressure and its potential clinical implications. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2017; 24: 141-8.
26. Yuan M, Moody WE, Townend JN. Central blood pressure in chronic kidney disease: Latest evidence and clinical relevance. Curr Hypertens Rev 2014; 10: 99-106.
27. Yannoutsos A, Rinaldi ER, Zhang Y, Protogerou AD, Safar ME, Blacher J. Central hemodynamics in risk assessment strategies: Additive value over and above brachial blood pressure. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 21: 719-29.
28. Katsiki N, Perez-Martinez P, Anagnostis P, Mikhailidis DP, Karagiannis A. Is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease indeed the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2017; 16(3): 219-27.
29. Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Mantzoros CS. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia: An update. Metabolism 2016; 65: 1109-23.
30. Katsiki N, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A, Wierzbicki AS, Mikhailidis DP. Should we expand the concept of coronary heart disease equivalents? Curr Opin Cardiol 2014; 29: 389-95.
31. Madan SA, John F, Pyrsopoulos N, Pitchumoni CS. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid artery atherosclerosis in children and adults: A meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 27: 1237-48.
32. Jaruvongvanich V, Wirunsawanya K, Sanguankeo A, Upala S. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary artery calcification: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48: 1410-7.
33. Bonci E, Chiesa C, Versacci P, Anania C, Silvestri L, Pacifico L. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with subclinical cardiovascular changes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015: 213737.
34. Katsiki N, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Hyperuricaemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A relationship with implications for vascular risk? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2011; 9: 698-705.
35. Musso G, Gambino R, Tabibian JH, et al. Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2014; 11: e1001680.
36. Katsagoni CN, Georgoulis M, Papatheodoridis GV, Panagiotakos DB, Kontogianni MD. Effects of lifestyle interventions on clinical characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis. Metabolism 2017; 68: 119-32.
37. Iurciuc S, Avram C, Turi V, et al. Physical training, hemodynamic parameters and arterial stiffness: Friends or foes of the hypertensive patient? In vivo 2016; 30: 521-8.
38. Petersen KS, Clifton PM, Lister N, Keogh JB. Effect of weight loss induced by energy restriction on measures of arterial compliance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 247: 7-20.
39. Rinaldi ER, Yannoutsos A, Borghi C, Safar ME, Blacher J. Central hemodynamics for risk reduction strategies: Additive value over and above brachial blood pressure. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 21: 730-6.
40. McGaughey TJ, Fletcher EA, Shah SA. Impact of antihypertensive agents on central systolic blood pressure and augmentation index: A meta-analysis. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29: 448-57.
41. Papademetriou V, Katsiki N, Doumas M, Faselis C. Halting arterial aging in patients with cardiovascular disease: hypolipidemic and antihypertensive therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20: 6339-49.
42. Koumaras C, Tziomalos K, Stavrinou E, et al. Effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and beta-blockers on markers of arterial stiffness. J Am Soc Hypertens 2014; 8: 74-82.
43. Koumaras C, Tzimou M, Stavrinou E, et al. Role of antihypertensive drugs in arterial 'de-stiffening' and central pulsatile hemodynamics. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2012; 12: 143-56.
44. Pietri P, Vlachopoulos C, Terentes-Printzios D, et al. Beneficial effects of low-dose aspirin on aortic stiffness in hypertensive patients. Vasc Med 2014; 19: 452-7.
45. Nagayama D, Saiki A, Endo K, et al. Improvement of cardio-ankle vascular index by glimepiride in type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Clin Pract 2010; 64: 1796-801.
46. Duvnjak L, Blaslov K. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors improve arterial stiffness, blood pressure, lipid profile and inflammation parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2016; 8: 26.
47. Koren S, Shemesh-Bar L, Tirosh A, et al. The effect of sitagliptin versus glibenclamide on arterial stiffness, blood pressure, lipids, and inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Diabetes Technol Ther 2012; 14: 561-7.
48. Tomiyama H, Miwa T, Kan K, et al. Impact of glycemic control with sitagliptin on the 2-year progression of arterial stiffness: a sub-analysis of the PROLOGUE study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15: 150.
49. Forst T, Michelson G, Ratter F, et al. Addition of liraglutide in patients with Type 2 diabetes well controlled on metformin monotherapy improves several markers of vascular function. Diabet Med 2012; 29: 1115-8.
50. Dell'Oro R, Maloberti A, Nicoli F, et al. Long-term Saxagliptin Treatment Improves Endothelial Function but not Pulse Wave Velocity Intima-Media Thickness in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2017; 24(4): 393-400.
51. Scalzo RL, Moreau KL, Ozemek C, et al. Exenatide improves diastolic function and attenuates arterial stiffness but does not alter exercise capacity in individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31: 449-55.
52. Hong JY, Park KY, Kim BJ, Hwang WM, Kim DH, Lim DM. Effects of short-term exenatide treatment on regional fat distribution, glycated hemoglobin levels, and aortic pulse wave velocity of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2016; 31: 80-5.
53. Ohira M, Yamaguchi T, Saiki A, et al. Pioglitazone improves the cardio-ankle vascular index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2014; 7: 313-9.
54. de Boer SA, Heerspink HJ, Juárez Orozco LE, et al. Effect of linagliptin on pulse wave velocity in early type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, controlled 26-week trial (RELEASE). Diabetes Obes Metab 201; 19(8): 1147-54.
55. Ott C, Jumar A, Striepe K, et al. A randomised study of the impact of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on microvascular and macrovascular circulation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16: 26.
56. Chilton R, Tikkanen I, Cannon CP, et al. Effects of empagliflozin on blood pressure and markers of arterial stiffness and vascular resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2015; 17: 1180-93.
57. Cherney DZ, Perkins BA, Soleymanlou N, et al. The effect of empagliflozin on arterial stiffness and heart rate variability in subjects with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13: 28.
58. Katsiki N, Athyros VG, Mikhailidis DP. Cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: Multiple actions. Curr Med Res Opin 2016; 32: 1513-4.
59. Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Theodorakis MJ. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i): Their role in cardiometabolic risk management. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 23: 1522-32.
60. Hussein AM, Shaaya G, Arora R, Al-Khazaali A, Al-Khafaji K, Helu HK. Therapeutic Modulation of Aortic Stiffness. Am J Ther 2016; 23: 1644-53.
61. Upala S, Wirunsawanya K, Jaruvongvanich V, Sanguankeo A. Effects of statin therapy on arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. Int J Cardiol 2017; 227: 338-41.
62. Sahebkar A, Pećin I, Tedeschi-Reiner E, Derosa G, Maffioli P, Reiner ž. Effects of statin therapy on augmentation index as a measure of arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2016; 212: 160-8.
63. Miyashita Y, Endo K, Saiki A, et al. Effect of ezetimibe monotherapy on lipid metabolism and arterial stiffness assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index in type 2 diabetic patients. J Atheroscler Thromb 2010; 17: 1070-6.
64. Athyros VG, Katsiki N, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Statins and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 241-2.
65. Kargiotis K, Athyros VG, Giouleme O, et al. Resolution of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by rosuvastatin monotherapy in patients with metabolic syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 7860-8.
66. Athyros VG, Katsiki N, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Are statins 'IDEAL' for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? Curr Med Res Opin 2014; 30: 229-31.
67. Athyros VG, Tziomalos K, Gossios TD, et al. Safety and efficacy of long-term statin treatment for cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease and abnormal liver tests in the Greek Atorvastatin and Coronary Heart Disease Evaluation (GREACE) study: A post-hoc analysis. Lancet 2010; 376: 1916-22.
68. Katsiki N, Theocharidou E, Karagiannis A, Athyros VG, Mikhailidis DP. Ezetimibe therapy for dyslipidemia: An update. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19: 3107-14.
69. Nakade Y, Murotani K, Inoue T, et al. Ezetimibe for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis. Hepatol Res 2017; 47(13): 1417-28
70. Le TA, Chen J, Changchien C, et al. Effect of colesevelam on liver fat quantified by magnetic resonance in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology 2012; 56: 922-32.
71. Katsiki N, Christou GA, Kiortsis DN. Liraglutide and cardiometabolic effects: More than just another antiobesity drug? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2016; 14: 76-9.
72. Armstrong MJ, Gaunt P, Aithal GP, et al. Liraglutide safety and efficacy in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (LEAN): A multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 study. Lancet 2016; 387: 679-90.
73. Olaywi M, Bhatia T, Anand S, Singhal S. Novel anti-diabetic agents in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A mini-review. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2013; 12: 584-8.
74. Gluud LL, Knop FK, Vilsbøll T. Effects of lixisenatide on elevated liver transaminases: Systematic review with individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials on patients with type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open 2014; 4: e005325.
75. Macauley M, Hollingsworth KG, Smith FE, et al. Effect of vildagliptin on hepatic steatosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100: 1578-85.
76. Mashitani T, Noguchi R, Okura Y, et al. Efficacy of alogliptin in preventing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression in patients with type 2 diabetes. Biomed Rep 2016; 4: 183-87.
77. Michurina SV, Ishenko IJ, Klimontov VV, et al. Linagliptin alleviates fatty liver disease in diabetic db/db mice. World J Diabetes 2016; 7: 534-46.
78. Joy TR, McKenzie CA, Tirona RG, et al. Sitagliptin in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23: 141-50.
79. Yilmaz Y, Yonal O, Deyneli O, Celikel CA, Kalayci C, Duman DG. Effects of sitagliptin in diabetic patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2012; 75: 240-4.
80. Athyros VG, Alexandrides TK, Bilianou H, et al. The use of statins alone, or in combination with pioglitazone and other drugs, for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and related cardiovascular risk. An expert panel statement. Metabolism 2017; 71: 17-32.
81. Milic S, Mikolasevic I, Krznaric-Zrnic I, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Emerging targeted therapies to optimize treatment options. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9: 4835-45.
82. Athyros VG, Giouleme O, Ganotakis ES, et al. Safety and impact on cardiovascular events of long-term multifactorial treatment in patients with metabolic syndrome and abnormal liver function tests: A post hoc analysis of the randomised ATTEMPT study. Arch Med Sci 2011; 7: 796-805.
83. Katsiki N, Athyros VG, Mikhailidis DP. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Effects of statins and antidiabetic drugs. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31: 521-2.
84. Athyros VG, Katsiki N, Karagiannis A. Can glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP1) agonists or sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors ameliorate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in people with or without diabetes? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2016; 14: 494-7.