Application of nanoparticle technologies in the combat against anti-microbial resistance

Pharmaceutics

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages

  Kumar, Mayur ^a   Curtis, Anthony ^a   Hoskins, Clare ^a  

^a KEELE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Anti bacterialmodality; Anti microbial resistance; Drug carriers; Nanoparticles; Oxidative stress

Indexed keywords

AMPICILLIN; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BACTERIAL DNA; CHITOSAN; DRUG CARRIER; GOLD NANOPARTICLE; NANOPARTICLE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLE; VANCOMYCIN;

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BACTERIAL METABOLISM; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; BIOFILM; BIOMEDICINE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG USE; HUMAN; NANOTECHNOLOGY; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARTICLE SIZE; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; REVIEW; ZETA POTENTIAL;

EID: 85042502201     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19994923     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10010011     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Ventola, C.L. The Antibiotic Resistance Crisis: Part 1: Causes and Threats. Pharm. Ther. 2015, 40, 277-283.
2. O’Neill, J. Tackling Drug-Resistant Infections Globally: Final Report and Recommendations. The Review on Antimicrobial Resistance. 2016. Available online: https://amr-review.org/Publications.html (accessed on 8 January 2018).
3. O’Neill, J. Antimicrobial Resistance: Tackling a Crisis for the Health and Wealth of Nations. 2014. Available online: https://amr-review.org/Publications.html (accessed on 8 January 2018).
4. World Health Organization. Global Priority List of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria to Guide Research, Discovery, and Development of New Antibiotics. 2017. Available online: http://www.who.int/medicines/ publications/global-priority-list-antibiotic-resistant-bacteria/en/ (accessed on 8 December 2017).
5. Thomson, R. One Small Step for the Gram Stain, One Giant Leap for Clinical Microbiology. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2016, 54, 1416-1417.
6. Navarre, W.W.; Schneewind, O. Surface Proteins of Gram-Positive Bacteria and Mechanisms of Their Targeting to the CellWall Envelope. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 1999, 63, 174-229.
7. Kohler, T.; Weidenmaier, C.; Peschel, A. Wall Teichoic Acid Protects Staphylococcus aureus against Anti-microbial Fatty Acids from Human Skin. J. Bacteriol. 2009, 191, 4482-4484.
8. Salton, R.J.; Kim, K.S. Structure. In Medical Microbiology, 4th ed.; Baron, S., Ed.; University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston: Galveston, TX, USA, 1996; Chapter 2.
9. Beveridge, T.J. Structures of Gram-Negative CellWalls and Their Derived Membrane Vesicles. J. Bacteriol. 1999, 181, 4725-4733.
10. Cooper, B.; Medley, G.; Stone, S.; Kibbler, C.; Cookson, B.; Roberts, J.; Duckworth, G.; Lai, R.; Ebrahim, S. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals and the community: Stealth dynamics and control catastrophes. PNAS 2004, 101, 10223-10228.
11. Kidd, T.; Mills, G.; Sá-Pessoa, J.; Dumigan, A.; Frank, C.; Insua, J.; Ingram, R.; Hobley, L.; Bengoechea, J. A Klebsiella pneumoniae antibiotic resistance mechanism that subdues host defences and promotes virulence. EMBO Mol. Med. 2017, 9, 430-447.
12. Meletis, G. Carbapenem resistance: Overview of the problem and future perspectives. Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis. 2016, 3, 15-21.
13. Zumla, A.; Schito, M.; Chakaya, J.; Marais, B.; Mwaba, P.; Migliori, G.; Hoelscher, M.; Maeurer, M.; Wallis, R. World TB Day 2016: Reflections on the global TB emergency. Lancet Respir. Med. 2016, 4, 249-251.
14. Udwadia, Z.; Amale, R.; Ajbani, K.; Rodrigues, C. Totally Drug Resistant Tuberculosis on India. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2012, 54, 579-581.
15. Miesel, L.; Greene, J.; Black, T. Microbial genetics: Genetic strategies for antibacterial drug discovery. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2003, 4, 442-456.
16. Lee, J.-Y.; Park, Y.; Chung, E.; Na, E.; Ko, K. Evolved resistance to colistin and its loss due to genetic reversion in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 25543.
17. Gold, H. Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci: Mechanisms and Clinical Observations. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2001, 33, 210-219.
18. Koonin, E.; Makarova, K.; Aravind, L. Horizontal Gene Transfer in Prokaryotes: Quantification and Classification. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 2001, 55, 709-742.
19. Furuya, E.; Lowy, F. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the community setting. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2006, 4, 36-45.
20. Fomda, B.A.; Khan, A.; Zahoor, D. NDM-1 (New Delhi metallo beta lactamase-1) producing Gram-negative bacilli: Emergence & clinical implications. Indian J. Med. Res. 2014, 140, 672-678.
21. Périchon, B.; Courvalin, P. VanA-Type Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2009, 53, 4580-4587.
22. Wang, L.; Hu, C.; Shao, L. The anti-microbial activity of nanoparticles: Present situation and prospects for the future. Int. J. Nanomed. 2017, 12, 1227-1249.
23. DiMasi, J.; Grabowski, H.; Hansen, R. Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: New estimates of R&D costs. J. Health Econ. 2016, 47, 20-33.
24. Devasahayam, G.; Scheld, W.; Hoffman, P. Newer anti-bacterial drugs for a new century. Exp. Opin. Investig. Drugs 2010, 19, 215-234.
25. Spellberg, B.; Guidos, R.; Gilbert, D.; Bradley, J.; Boucher, H.; Scheld,W.; Bartlett, J.; Edwards, J. The Epidemic of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections: A Call to Action for the Medical Community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2008, 46, 155-164.
26. Power, E. Impact of antibiotic restrictions: The pharmaceutical perspective. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2006, 12, 25-34.
27. Davies, J. Where have All the Antibiotics Gone? Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol. 2006, 17, 287-290.
28. Biedenbach, D.; Bouchillon, S.; Hackel, M.; Miller, L.; Scangarella-Oman, N.; Jakielaszek, C.; Sahm, D. In vitro Activity of Gepotidacin, a Novel Triazaacenaphthylene Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitor, Against a Broad Spectrum of Bacterial Pathogens. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2016, 60, 1918-1923.
29. World Health Organization (WHO). Antibacterial Agents in Clinical Development: An Analysis of the Antibacterial Clinical Development Pipeline, Including Tuberculosis; WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2017.
30. Lobanovska, M.; Pilla, G. Penicillin’s Discovery and Antibiotic Resistance: Lessons for the Future? Yale J. Biol. Med. 2017, 90, 135-145.
31. Cassir, N.; Rolain, J.; Brouqui, P. A new strategy to fight anti-microbial resistance: The revival of old antibiotics. Front. Microbiol. 2014, 5, 551.
32. Khadka, P.; Ro, J.; Kim, H.; Kim, I.; Kim, J.; Kim, H.; Cho, J.; Yun, G.; Lee, J. Pharmaceutical particle technologies: An approach to improve drug solubility, dissolution and bioavailability. Asian J. Pharm. Sci. 2014, 9, 304-316.
33. Rodzinski, A.; Guduru, R.; Liang, P.; Hadjikhani, A.; Stewart, T.; Stimphil, E.; Runowicz, C.; Cote, R.; Altman, N.; Datar, R.; et al. Targeted and controlled anticancer drug delivery and release with magnetoelectric nanoparticles. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 20867.
34. Shahverdi, A.; Fakhimi, A.; Shahverdi, H.; Minaian, S. Synthesis and effect of silver nanoparticles on the anti-bacterial activity of different antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med. 2007, 3, 168-171.
35. Deng, H.; McShan, D.; Zhang, Y.; Sinha, S.S.; Arslan, Z.; Ray, P.C.; Yu, H. Mechanistic Study of the Synergistic Anti-bacterial Activity of Combined Silver Nanoparticles and Common Antibiotics. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016, 50, 8840-8848.
36. Banoee, M.; Seif, S.; Nazari, Z.; Jafari-Fesharaki, P.; Shahverdi, H.; Moballegh, A.; Moghaddam, K.; Shahverdi, A. ZnO nanoparticles enhanced anti-bacterial activity of ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B 2010, 93B, 557-561.
37. Imlay, J.A. Cellular defenses against superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 2008, 77, 755-776.
38. Iuchi, S.; Weiner, L. Cellular and Molecular Physiology of Escherichia coli in the Adaptation to Aerobic Environments. J. Biochem. 1996, 120, 1055-1063.
39. Birben, E.; Sahiner, U.M.; Sackesen, C.; Erzurum, S.; Kalayci, O. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. World Allergy Organ. J. 2012, 5, 9-19.
40. Glaeser, J.; Nuss, A.M.; Berghoff, B.A.; Klug, G. Singlet oxygen stress in microorganisms. Adv. Microb. Phys. 2011, 58, 141-173.
41. Li, Y.; Zhang, W.; Niu, J.; Chen, Y. Mechanism of Photogenerated Reactive Oxygen Species and Correlation with the Anti-bacterial Properties of Engineered Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS Nano 2012, 6, 5164-5173.
42. Reddy, L.; Nisha, M.; Joice, M.; Shilpa, P. Anti-microbial activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle againstKlebsiella pneumoniae. Pharm. Biol. 2014, 52, 1388-1397.
43. Dwivedi, S.;Wahab, R.; Khan, F.; Mishra, Y.K.; Musarrat, J.; Al-Khedhairy, A.A. Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Bacterial Biofilm Inhibition via Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Statistical Determination. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e111289.
44. Chatterjee, A.; Chakraborty, R.; Basu, T. Mechanism of anti-bacterial activity of copper nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2014, 25, 135101.
45. Padmavathy, N.; Vijayaraghavan, R. Interaction of ZnO Nanoparticles with Microbes-A Physio and Biochemical Assay. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 2011, 7, 813-822.
46. Manikprabhu, D.; Lingappa, K. Anti-bacterial activity of silver nanoparticles against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus synthesized using model Streptomyces sp. pigment by photo-irradiation method. J. Pharm. Res. 2013, 6, 255-260.
47. Xie, Y.; He, Y.; Irwin, P.; Jin, T.; Shi, X. Anti-bacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Campylobacter jejuni. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2011, 77, 2325-2331.
48. Raffi, M.; Mehrwan, S.; Bhatti, T.; Akhter, J.; Hameed, A.; Yawar, W.; ul Hasan, M. Investigations into the anti-bacterial behavior of copper nanoparticles against Escherichia coli. Ann. Microbiol. 2010, 60, 75-80.
49. Arakha, M.; Pal, S.; Samantarrai, D.; Panigrahi, T.; Mallick, B.; Pramanik, K.; Mallick, B.; Jha, S. Anti-microbial activity of iron oxide nanoparticle upon modulation of nanoparticle-bacteria interface. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 14813.
50. Salomoni, R.; Léo, P.; Montemor, A.; Rinaldi, B.; Rodrigues, M. Anti-bacterial effect of silver nanoparticles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nanotechnol. Sci. Appl. 2017, 10, 115-121.
51. Hsueh, Y.; Lin, K.; Ke, W.; Hsieh, C.; Chiang, C.; Tzou, D.; Liu, S. The Anti-microbial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles in Bacillus subtilis are Mediated by Released Ag+ Ions. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0144306.
52. Laursen, B.S.; Sørensen, H.P.; Mortensen, K.K.; Sperling-Petersen, H.U. Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Bacteria. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2005, 69, 101-123.
53. Shamaila, S.; Zafar, N.; Riaz, S.; Sharif, R.; Nazir, J.; Naseem, S. Gold Nanoparticles: An Efficient Anti-microbial Agent against Enteric Bacterial Human Pathogen. Nanomaterials 2016, 6, 71.
54. Health Protection Agency (HPA). Healthcare-Associated Infection and Anti-Microbial Resistance: 2010-2011; HPA: London, UK, 2012.
55. Soto-Giron, M.; Rodriguez-R, L.; Luo, C.; Elk, M.; Ryu, H.; Hoelle, J.; Santo Domingo, J.; Konstantinidis, K. Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2016, 82, 2872-2883.
56. Donlan, R. Biofilms: Microbial Life on Surfaces. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2002, 8, 881-890.
57. Høiby, N.; Bjarnsholt, T.; Givskov, M.; Molin, S.; Ciofu, O. Antibiotic resistance of bacterial biofilms. Int. J. AntiMicrob. Agents 2010, 35, 322-332.
58. Johnson, L. Microcolony and biofilm formation as a survival strategy for bacteria. J. Theor. Biol. 2008, 251, 24-34.
59. Keenan, C.; Sedlak, D. Factors Affecting the Yield of Oxidants from the Reaction of Nanoparticulate Zero-Valent Iron and Oxygen. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42, 1262-1267.
60. Chávez de Paz, L.E.; Resin, A.; Howard, K.A.; Sutherland, D.S.; Wejse, P.L. Anti-microbial Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans Biofilms. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2011, 77, 3892-3895.
61. Shi, S.; Jia, J.; Guo, X.; Zhao, Y.; Chen, D.; Guo, Y.; Zhang, X. Reduced Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in the presence of chitosan-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. Int. J. Nanomed. 2016, 11, 6499-6506.
62. Shrifian-Esfahni, A.; Salehi, M.; Nasr-Esfahni, M.; Ekramian, E. Chitosan-modifed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: Design, fabrication, characterization and antibacterial activity. CHEMIK 2015, 69, 19-32.
63. Jesline, A.; John, N.; Narayanan, P.; Vani, C.; Murugan, S. Anti-microbial activity of zinc and titanium dioxide nanoparticles against biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Appl. Nanosci. 2014, 5, 157-162.
64. Roy, A.; Parveen, A.; Koppalkar, A.R.; Prasad, M. Effect of Nano-Titanium Dioxide with Different Antibiotics against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. J. Biomater. Nanobiotechnol. 2010, 1, 37-41.
65. Cao, H.; Qin, H.; Zhao, Y.; Jin, G.; Lu, T.; Meng, F.; Zhang, X.; Liu, X. Nano-thick calcium oxide armed titanium: Boosts bone cells against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 21761.
66. Morones, J.; Elechiguerra, J.; Camacho, A.; Holt, K.; Kouri, J.; Ramírez, J.; Yacaman, M. The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2005, 16, 2346-2353.
67. Sadeghi, B.; Garmaroudi, F.; Hashemi, M.; Nezhad, H.; Nasrollahi, A.; Ardalan, S.; Ardalan, S. Comparison of the anti-bacterial activity on the nanosilver shapes: Nanoparticles, nanorods and nanoplates. Adv. Powder Technol. 2012, 23, 22-26.
68. Ayala, V.; Herrera, A.; Latorre-Esteves, M.; Torres-Lugo, M.; Rinaldi, C. Effect of surface charge on the colloidal stability and in vitro uptake of carboxymethyl dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. J. Nanopart. Res. 2013, 15, 1874.
69. Halder, S.; Yadav, K.; Sarkar, R.; Mukherjee, S.; Saha, P.; Haldar, S.; Karmakar, S.; Sen, T. Alteration of Zeta potential and membrane permeability in bacteria: A study with cationic agents. SpringerPlus 2015, 4, 672.
70. Meléndrez, M.; Cárdenas, G.; Arbiol, J. Synthesis and characterization of gallium colloidal nanoparticles. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2010, 346, 279-287.
71. Jacobson, K.H.; Gunsolus, I.L.; Kuech, T.R.; Troiano, J.M.; Melby, E.S.; Lohse, S.E.; Hu, D.; Chrisler, W.B.; Murphy, C.J.; Orr, G.; et al. Lipopolysaccharide Density and Structure Govern the Extent and Distance of Nanoparticle Interaction with Actual and Model Bacterial Outer Membranes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49, 10642-10650.
72. Snyder, D.; McIntosh, T. The Lipopolysaccharide Barrier: Correlation of Antibiotic Susceptibility with Antibiotic Permeability and Fluorescent Probe Binding Kinetics. Biochemistry 2000, 39, 11777-11787.
73. Bolla, J.-M.; Alibert-Franco, S.; Handzlik, J.; Chevalier, J.; Mahamoud, A.; Boyer, G.; Kieć-Kononowicz, K.; Pagès, J.-M. Strategies for bypassing the membrane barrier in multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. FEBS Lett. 2011, 585, 1682-1690.
74. Arakha, M.; Saleem, M.; Mallick, B.; Jha, S. The effects of interfacial potential on anti-microbial propensity of ZnO nanoparticle. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 9578.
75. Wang, J.; Zhou, H.; Guo, G.; Cheng, T.; Peng, X.; Mao, X.; Li, J.; Zhang, X. A functionalized surface modification with vanadium nanoparticles of various valences against implant-associated bloodstream infection. Int. J. Nanomed. 2017, 12, 3121-3136.
76. Begg, E.J.; Barclay, M.L.; Kirkpatrick, C.J.M. The therapeutic monitoring of anti-microbial agents. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1999, 47, 23-30.
77. Triggs, E.; Charles, B. Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Gentamicin in the Elderly. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1999, 37, 331-341.
78. Saha, B.; Bhattacharya, J.; Mukherjee, A.; Ghosh, A.; Santra, C.; Dasgupta, A.; Karmakar, P. In Vitro Structural and Functional Evaluation of Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated Antibiotics. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2007, 2, 614-622.
79. Brown, A.N.; Smith, K.; Samuels, T.A.; Lu, J.; Obare, S.O.; Scott, M.E. Nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin destroy multi-antibiotic-resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aerunginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2012, 78, 2768-2774.
80. Hassan, M.H.; Ranzoni, A.; Phetsang, W.; Blaskovich, M.A.T.; Cooper, M.A. Surface ligand density of anti-biotic-nanoparticle conjugates enhances target avidity and membrane permabilization of vancomycin-resistant bacteria. Bioconjug. Chem. 2017, 28, 353-361.
81. Turos, E.; Shim, J.-Y.;Wang, Y.; Greenhalgh, K.; Suresh, G.; Reddy, K.; Dickey, S.; Lim, D.V. Antibiotic-conjugated polyacrylate nanoparticles: New opportunities for development of anti-MRSA agents. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2007, 17, 53-56.
82. Nguyen, T.-K.; Selvanayagam, R.; Ho, K.K.K.; Chen, R.; Kutty, S.K.; Rice, S.A.; Kumar, N.; Barraud, N.; Duong, H.T.T.; Boyer, C. Co-delivery of nitric oxide and antibiotic using polymeric nanoparticles. Chem. Sci. 2016, 7, 1016-1027.
83. Hammes, W.P.; Neuhaus, F.C. On the Mechanism of Action of Vancomycin: Inhibition of Peptidoglycan Synthesis in Gaffkya homari. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1974, 6, 722-728.
84. Marshall, C.; Broadhead, G.; Leskiw, B.;Wright, G. D-Ala-D-Ala ligases from glycopeptide antibiotic-producing organisms are highly homologous to the enterococcal vancomycin-resistance ligases VanA and VanB. PNAS 1997, 94, 6480-6483.
85. Hughes, D. Microbial genetics: Exploiting genomics, genetics and chemistry to combat antibiotic resistance. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2003, 4, 432-441.
86. Kobayashi, S.; Musser, J.; DeLeo, F. Genomic Analysis of the Emergence of Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. mBio 2012, 3, e00170-12.
87. Chakraborty, S.; Sahu, S.; Mahapatra, S.; Santra, S.; Bal, M.; Roy, S.; Pramanik, P. Nanoconjugated vancomycin:New opportunities for the development of anti-VRSA agents. Nanotechnology 2010, 21, 105103.
88. Abdelghany, S.; Quinn, D.; Ingram, R.; Gilmore, B.; Donnelly, R.; Taggart, C.; Scott, C. Gentamicin-loaded nanoparticles show improved anti-microbial effects towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Int. J. Nanomed. 2012, 7, 4053-4063.
89. Smith, I.Mycobacteriumtuberculosis Pathogenesis andMolecularDeterminants of Virulence. Clin.Microbiol. Rev. 2003, 16, 463-496.
90. Kalluru, R.; Fenaroli, F.;Westmoreland, D.; Ulanova, L.; Maleki, A.; Roos, N.; Paulsen Madsen, M.; Koster, G.; Egge-Jacobsen, W.; Wilson, S.; et al. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-rifampicin nanoparticles efficiently clear Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection in macrophages and remain membrane-bound in phago-lysosomes. J. Cell Sci. 2013, 126, 3043-3054.