Advances in tick vaccinology in Brazil: from gene expression to immunoprotection

Frontiers in Bioscience - Scholar

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 127-142

  Andreotti, Renato ^a   Giachetto, Poliana Fernanda ^b   Cunha, Rodrigo Casquero ^c  

^a EMBRAPA CERRADOS   (Brazil)

^b EMBRAPA INFORMÁTICA AGROPECUÁRIA   (Brazil)

^c FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF PELOTAS   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Bovine; Epitopes; Review; Tick; Vaccine

Indexed keywords

COMPLEMENTARY DNA; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; TRANSCRIPTOME; TRYPSIN INHIBITOR; VACCINE;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; BRAZIL; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE SEQUENCE; HYDROPHOBICITY; IMMEDIATE TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNITY; NONHUMAN; RHIPICEPHALUS (BOOPHILUS) MICROPLUS; RNA SEQUENCE; SANGER SEQUENCING; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; TICK CONTROL; TICK INFESTATION; VACCINATION; ANIMAL; BOVINE; CATTLE DISEASE; GENETICS; IMMUNOLOGY; PARASITOLOGY; RHIPICEPHALUS; VETERINARY;

ANIMALS; BRAZIL; CATTLE; CATTLE DISEASES; GENE EXPRESSION; RHIPICEPHALUS; TICK INFESTATIONS; TRYPSIN INHIBITORS; VACCINATION; VACCINES;

EID: 85038005157     PISSN: 19450516     EISSN: 19450524     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2741/s504     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. Horn, S. C: Prováveis prejuízos causados pelos carrapatos. Boletim de Defesa Sanitária Animal, Brasília, (1983) 29 p.
2. Gomes, A: Aspectos da cadeia produtiva do couro bovino no Brasil e em Mato Grosso do Sul. Divulgação CNPGC EMBRAPA, Campo Grande, MS, Novembro, 2001 (Documento 127) Disponível em http://www.cnpgc.embrapa.br/publicacoes/doc/doc127/08aspectos.html
3. Gomes, A: Controle do carrapato do boi: um problema para quem cria raças europeias. Divulgação CNPGC EMBRAPA, Campo Grande, MS, Agosto, 31 (1998) Disponível em http://www.cnpgc.embrapa. br/publicacoes/divulga/GCD31.html.
4. Gomes, A: Dinâmica populacional de Boophilus microplus (Canestrini, 1987) (Acari: ixodidae) em bovinos nelore (Bos indicus) e cruzamentos em infestações experimentais. 1995. 120 f. Tese (Doutorado em Parasitologia) – Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 1995.
5. Gough, J. M., and D. H. Kemp: Localization of a low abundance membrane protein (Bm86) on the gut cells of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus by immunogold labeling. J Parasitol 79, 900–907 (1993) DOI: 10.2307/3283728
6. Kemp, D. H., R. D. Pearson, J.M. Gough, and P. Willadsen: Vaccination against Boophilus microplus: localization of antigens on tick gut cells and their interaction with the host immune system. Exp Appl Acarol 7 (1), 43–58 (1989) DOI: 10.1007/BF01200452
7. Willadsen, P., G. A. Riding, R. V. McKenna, D. H. Kemp, R. L. Tellam, J. N. Nielsen, J. Lahnstein, G.S. Cobon, and J. M. Gough: Immunologic control of a parasitic arthropod. Identification of a protective antigen from Boophilus microplus. J Immunol 143, 1346–1351 (1989)
8. Rodriguez, M., C. L. Massard, A. H. da Fonseca, N. F. Ramos, H. Machado, V. Labarta, and J. de la Fuente: Effect of vaccination with recombinant Bm86 antigen preparation on natural infestations of Boophilus microplus in grazing dairy and beef pure and cross-bred cattle in Brazil. Vaccine 13, 1804–1808 (1995) DOI: 10.1016/0264-410X(95)00119-L
9. Parizi, L. F., P. C. Pohl, A. Masuda, and I. Silva Vaz Junior: New approaches toward anti-Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick vaccine. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 18 (1), 1–7 (2009) DOI: 10.4322/rbpv.01801001
10. De La Fuente, J. L., M. Rodríguez, C. Montero, M. Redondo, J. C. García-García, L. Méndez, E. Serrano, M. Valdés, A. Enríquez, M. Canales, E. Ramos, O. Boué, H. Machado, and R. Lleonart: Vacination against ticks (Boophilus spp.); the experience with the Bm86-based vaccine Gavac. Genet Anal 15 (3), 143–148 (1999) DOI: 10.1016/S1050-3862(99)00018-2
11. De La Fuente, J.L., M. Rodríguez, M. Redondo, C. Montero, J. C. García-García, L. Méndez, E. Serrano, M. Valdés, A. Enriquez, M. Canales, E. Ramos, O. Boué, H. Machado, R. Lleonart, C. A. de Armas, S. Rey, J. L. Rodríguez, M. Artiles, L. García: Field studies and cost-effectiveness analysis of vaccination with GAVAC against the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. Vaccine 16 (4), 366–373 (1998) DOI: 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00208-9
12. Willadsen, P: Novel vaccines for ectoparasites. Vet Parasitol 71, 209–222 (1997) DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4017(97)00028-9
13. Andreotti, R: Performance of two Bm86 antigen vaccine formulation against tick using crossbreed bovines in stall test. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 15 (3), 97–100 (2006)
14. García-García, J. C., C. Montero, M. Redondo, M. Vargas, M. Canales, O. Boue, M. Rodríguez, M. Joglar, H. Machado, I. L. González, M. Valdés, L. Méndez, and J. de la Fuente: Control of ticks resistant to immunization with Bm86 in cattle vaccinated with the recombinant antigen Bm95 isolated from the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Vaccine 18 (21), 2275–87 (2000) DOI: 10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00548-4
15. García-García, J. C., I. L. Gonzalez, D. M. González, M. Valdés, L. Méndez, J. Lamberti, B. D’Agostino, D. Citroni, H. Fragoso, M. Ortiz, M. Rodríguez, and J. de la Fuente: Sequence variations in the Boophilus microplus Bm86 locus and implications for immunoprotection in cattle vaccinated with this antigen. Exp Appl Acarol 23 (11), 883–95 (1999) DOI: 10.1023/A:1006270615158
16. Sossai, S., A. P. Peconick, P. A. Sales-Junior, F. C. Marcelino, M. I. Vargas, E. S. Neves, and J. H. Patarroyo: Polymorphism of the Bm86 gene in South American strains of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. Exp Appl Acarol 37, 199–214 (2005) DOI: 10.1007/s10493-005-3262-7
17. Andreotti, R., M. S. Pedroso, A. R. Caetano, and N. F. Martins: Comparison of predicted binders in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus intestine protein variants Bm86 Campo Grande strain, Bm86 and Bm95. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 17, 93–8 (2008) DOI: 10.1590/S1984-2961200800020 0006
18. De Vos, S., L. Zeinstra, A. Taoufik, P. Willadsen, and F. Jongejan: Evidence for the Utility of the Bm86 Antigen from Boophilus microplus in Vaccination Against Other Tick Species. Exp Appl Acarol 25 (3), 245–261 (2001) DOI: 10.1023/A:1010609007009
19. Fragoso, H., P. H. Rad, M. Ortiz, M. Rodríguez, M. Redondo, L. Herrera, and J. de la Fuente: Protection against Boophilus annulatus infestations in cattle vaccinated with the B. microplus Bm86-containing vaccine Gavac. Vaccine 16 (20), 1990–1992 (1998) DOI: 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00116-9
20. Odongo, D., L. Kamau, R. Skilton, S. Mwaura,C.Nitsch,A.Musoke,E.Taracha,C. Daubenberger, and R. Bishop: Vaccination of cattle with TickGARD induces cross-reactive antibodies binding to conserved linear peptides of Bm86 homologues in Boophilus decoloratus. Vaccine 25 (7), 1287–96 (2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.09.085
21. Andreotti, R., A. Gomes, K. C. Malavazi-Piza, S. D. Sasaki, C. A. Sampaio, and A. S. Tanaka: BmTI antigen induce as bovine protective immune response against Boophilus microplus tick. Int Immunopharmacol 2, 557–563 (2002) DOI: 10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00203-X
22. Willadsen, P., and G. A. Rinding: On the biological role of a proteolytic-enzyme inhibitor from the ectoparasitic tick Boophilus microplus.BiochemJ189(2),295–303(1980) DOI: 10.1042/bj1890295
23. Andreotti, R., A. Gomes, R. J. S. Torquato, and A. S. Tanaka: Parcial purification of serineprotease inhibitor from Boophilus microplus larvae. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 8 (2), 93–8 (1999)
24. Andreotti, R., A. Gomes, A. S. Tanaka, and C. A. M. Sampaio: Immunoprotection induced in calves by a serine proteinase inhibitor from Boophilus microplus unfed larvae. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet.2(1), 85–9 (2000)
25. Andreotti, R: A synthetic bmti n-terminal fragment as antigen in bovine immunoprotection against the tick Boophilus microplus in a pen trial. Exp Parasitol 116 (1), 66–70 (2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2006.11.009
26. Andreotti, R., R. C. Cunha, M. A. Soares, F. D. Guerrero, F. P. L. Leite, and A. A. P. De León: Protective immunity against tick infestation in cattle vaccinated with recombinant trypsin inhibitor of Rhipicephalus microplus. Vaccine 30 (47), 6678–6685 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.066
27. Sasaki, S. D., S. S. Cotrin, A. K. Carmona, and A. S Tanaka: An unexpected inhibitory activity of Kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitor derived from Boophilus microplus trypsin inhibitor on cathepsin L. Biochem Biophys Res Rommun 341 (1), 266–72 (2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.178
28. Tanaka, A. S., R. Andreotti, A. Gomes, R. J. Torquato, M. U. Sampaio, and C. A. Sampaio: A double headed serine proteinase inhibitor–human plasma kallikrein and elastase inhibitor-from Boophilus microplus larvae. Immunopharmacol 45, 171–177 (1999) DOI: 10.1016/S0162-3109(99)00074-0
29. Sasaki, S. D., and A. S. Tanaka: rBmTI-6, a Kunitz-BPTI domain protease inhibitor from the tick Boophilus microplus, its cloning, expression and biochemical characterization. Vet Parasitol 155, 133–41 (2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.03.031
30. Rodriguez, M., R. Rubiera, M. Penichet, R. Montesinos, J. Cremata, V. Falcon, G. Sanchez, R. Bringas, C. Cordoves, M. Valdes, R. Lleonart, L. Herrera, and J. de la Fuente: High level expression of the B. microplus Bm86 antigen in the yeast Pichia pastoris forming highly immunogenic particles for cattle. J Biotechnol 33, 135–146 (1994) DOI: 10.1016/0168-1656(94)90106-6
31. Veríssimo, C., G. Bechara, and L. Mukai: Mast cell counts correlate with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick load in different cattle breeds. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 1 (2), 81–87 (2008)
32. Nijhof, A. M., A. Taoufik, J. De La Fuente, K. M. Kocam, E. Vries, and F. Jongejan:.Gene silencing of the tick protective antigens, Bm86, Bm91 and subolesin: in theone-host tick Boophilus microplus by RNA interference. Int. J. Parasitol 37, 653–662 (2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.11.005
33. Aguirre, A. A. R., F. P. Lobo, R. C. Cunha, M. V. Garcia, and R. Andreotti: Design of the ATAQ peptide and its evaluation as an immunogen to develop a Rhipicephalus vaccine. Vet Parasitol 221, 30–38 (2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.02.032
34. Nijhof, A. M., J. A. Balk, M. Postigo, A. M. Rhebergen, A. Taoufik, and F. Jongejan: Bm86 homologues and novel ATAQ proteins with multiple epidermal growth factor (EGF)like domains from hard and soft ticks. Int J Parasitol 40,1587–1597 (2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2010.06.003
35. Cunha, R. C., R. Andreotti, M. V. Garcia, A. A. R. Aguirre, and A. Leitão: Calculation of the efficacy of vaccines against tick infestations on cattle. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 22 (4), 571–578 (2013) DOI: 10.1590/S1984-29612013000400019
36. Csordas, B. G., M. V. Garcia, R. C. Cunha, P. F. Giachetto, I. M. Z. Blecha, and R. Andreotti: New insights from molecular characterization of the tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 25 (3), 317–326 (2016) DOI: 10.1590/S1984-29612016053
37. Rappuoli, R: Reverse vaccinology. Curr Opin Microbiol 3, 445–450 (2000) DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00119-3
38. He Y., Xiang Z., Mobley H. L. T: Vaxign: the first web-based vaccine design program for reverse vaccinology and applications for vaccinedevelopment.JournalofBiomedicine and Biotechnology. 2010;2010:15.
39. Sette, A: Reverse Vaccinology: Developing vaccines in the era of genomics. Immunity 33, 530–541 (2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2010.09.017
40. Serruto, D., M. J. Bottomley, S. Ram, M. M. Giuliani, and R. Rappuoli: The new multicomponent vaccine against meningococcal serogroup B, 4CMenB: immunological, functional and structural characterization of the antigens. Vaccine 30, B87–97 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.033
41. O’ryan, M.O., J. Stoddard, D. Toneatto, J. Wassil, and P. M. Dull: A Multi-Component Meningococcal Serogroup B Vaccine (4CMenB): The Clinical Development Program. Drugs 74, 15–30 (2014) DOI: 10.1007/s40265-013-0155-7
42. Lew-Tabor, A.E. and Rodriguez Valle, M. A review of reverse vaccinology approaches for the development of vaccines against ticks and tick borne diseases Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 7(4), 573–585 (2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.12.012
43. Geraci, N. S., J. Spencer Johnston, J. Paul Robinson, S. K. Wikel, C. A. Hill: Variation in genome size of argasid and ixodid ticks. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 37, 399–408 (2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2006.12.007
44. Ullmann, A. J., C. M. Lima, F. D. Guerrero, J. Piesman, and W. C. T. Black: Genome size and organization in the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis and the Southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Insect Mol Biol 14 (2), 217–222 (2005) DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2005.00551.x
45. Gulia-Nuss, M., A. B. Nuss, J. M. Meyer, D. E. Sonenshine, R. M. Roe, R. M. Waterhouse, D. B. Sattelle, J. de la Fuente, J. M. Ribeiro, K. Megy, J. Thimmapuram, J. R. Miller, B. P. Walenz, S. Koren, J. B. Hostetler, M. Thiagarajan, V. S. Joardar, L. I. Hannick, S. Bidwell, M. P. Hammond, S. Young, Q. Zeng, J. L. Abrudan, F. C. Almeida, N. Ayllón, K. Bhide, B. W. Bissinger, E. Bonzon-Kulichenko, S. D. Buckingham, D. R. Caffrey, M. J. Caimano, V. Croset, T. Driscoll, D. Gilbert, J. J. Gillespie, G. I. Giraldo-Calderón, J. M. Grabowski, D. Jiang, S. M. Khalil, D. Kim, K. M. Kocan, J. Koči, R. J. Kuhn, T. J. Kurtti, K. Lees, E. G. Lang, R. C. Kennedy, H. Kwon, R. Perera, Y. Qi, J. D. Radolf, J. M. Sakamoto, A. Sánchez-Gracia, M. S. Severo, N. Silverman, L. Šimo, M. Tojo, C. Tornador, J. P. Van Zee, J. Vázquez, F. G. Vieira, M. Villar, A. R. Wespiser, Y. Yang, J. Zhu, P. Arensburger, P. V. Pietrantonio, S. C. Barker, R. Shao, E. M. Zdobnov, F. Hauser, C. J. Grimmelikhuijzen, Y. Park, J. Rozas, R. Benton, J. H. Pedra, D. R. Nelson, M. F. Unger, J. M. Tubio, Z. Tu, H. M. Robertson, M. Shumway, G. Sutton, J. R. Wortman, D. Lawson, S. K. Wikel, V. M. Nene, C. M. Fraser, F. H. Collins, B. Birren, K. E. Nelson, E. Caler, and C. A. Hill: Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease. Nat Commun 7:10507 (2016) DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10507
46. Pop, M., and S.L. Salzberg: Bioinformatics challenges of new sequencing technology. Trends Genet 24 (3), 142–149 (2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2007.12.006
47. Treangen, T. J., and S. L. Salzberg: Repetitive DNA and next-generation sequencing: computational challenges and solutions. Nat Rev Genet 13, 36–46 (2012) DOI: 10.1038/nrg3164
48. Maritz-Olivier, C., W. Van Zyl, and C. Stutzer: A systematic, functional genomics, and reverse vaccinology approach to the identification of vaccine candidates in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 3, 179–187 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.01.003
49. Morozova, O., and M. A. Marra: Applications of next-generation sequencing technologies in functional genomics. Genomics 92, 255–264 (2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2008.07.001
50. Dhiman, N., R. Bonilla, D. J. O’kane, and G.A Poland: Gene expression microarrays: a 21st century tool for directed vaccine design. Vaccine 20, 22–30 (2001) DOI: 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00319-X
51. Seib, K. L., X. Zhao, and R. Rappuoli: Developing vaccines in the era of genomics: a decade of reverse vaccinology. Clin Microbiol Infect 18, 109–116 (2012) DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03939.x
52. Adams, M. D., J. M. Kelley, J. D. Gocayne, M. Dubnick, M. H. Polymeropoulos, H. Xiao, C. R. Merril, A. Wu, B. Olde, and R. F Moreno: Complementary DNA sequencing: expressed sequence tags and human genome project. Science 252, 1651–1656 (1991) DOI: 10.1126/science.2047873
53. Crampton, A. L., C. Miller, G. D. Baxter, and S. C. Barker: Expressed sequenced tags and new genes from the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Exp Appl Acarol 22, 177–186 (1998) DOI: 10.1023/A:1006058113409
54. Guerrero, F. D., R. J. Miller, M. E. Rousseau, S. Sunkara, J. Quackenbush, Y. Lee, and V. Nene: BmiGI: A database of cDNAs expressed in Boophilus microplus, the tropical/southern cattle tick. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 35, 585–595 (2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2005.01.020
55. Wang, M., F. D. Guerrero, G. Pertea, and V. M Nene: Global comparative analysis of ESTs from the southern cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. BMC Genomics 8:368 (2007) DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-368
56. Bellgard, M., P.M. Moolhuijzen., F.D. Guerrero, D. Schibeci, M. Rodriguez-Valle, D.G. Peterson, S.E. Dowd, R. Barrero, A. Hunter, R.J. Miller and A.E. Lew-Tabor: CattleTickBase: an integrated Internet-based bioinformatics resource for Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Int. J. Parasitol. 42:161–169 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.11.006
57. Santos, I. K. F., M. De, J. G. Valenzuela, J. M. Ribeiro, M. De Castro, J. N. Costa, A. M. Costa, E. R. Da Silva, O. B. Neto, C. Rocha, S. Daffre, B.R. Ferreira, J. S. Da Silva, M. P. Szabó, and G. H. Bechara: Gene discovery in Boophilus microplus, the cattle tick: the transcriptomes of ovaries, salivary glands, and hemocytes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1026, 242–246 (2006) DOI: 10.1196/annals.1307.037
58. Heekin, A. M., F. D. Guerrero, K. G. Bendele, L. Saldivar, G. A. Scoles, S. R. Dowd, C. Gondro, V. Nene, A. Djikeng, and K. A. Brayton: The ovarian transcriptome of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, feeding upon a bovine host infected with Babesia bovis. Par. Vectors 6, 276 (2013) DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-276
59. Zivkovic, Z., E. Esteves, C. Almazan, S. Daffre, A.M. Nijhof, K.M. Kocan, F. Jongejan, and J. de la Fuente: Differential expression of genes in salivary glands of male Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in response to infection with Anaplasma marginale. BMC Genomics. 11: 186. (2010) DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-186
60. Lew-Tabor, A. E., P. M. M. E. Vance, S. Kurscheid, M. Rodriguez Valle, S. Jarrett, C. M. Minchin, L. A. Jackson, N. N. Jonsson, M. I. Bellgard, and F. D. Guerrero: Suppressive subtractive hybridization analysis of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus larval and adult transcript expression during attachment and feeding. Vet Parasitol 167, 304–320 (2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.09.033
61. Costa, G. H: Sequenciamento de genes expressos em larvas infestantes e ninfas de Boophilus microplus Canestrini, 1887 (Acari: ixodidae) 2004. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Jaboticabal, 2004.
62. Costa, G. H: Identificação de antígenos de intestino, ovário e glândula salivar de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Canestrini, 1887 (Acari: ixodidae) 2008. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Jaboticabal, 2008.
63. Schena, M, D. Shalon, R. W. Davis, and P. O. Brown: Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarranjo. Science 270, 467–470 (1995) DOI: 10.1126/science.270.5235.467
64. Jensen, K., I. K. F. De Miranda Santos, and E. J. Glass. Using genomic approaches to unravel livestock (host)-tick-pathogen interactions. Trends Parasitol 23, 439–444 (2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2007.07.006
65. Brazma, A., P. Hingamp, J. Quackenbush, G. Sherlock, P. Spell-Man, C. Stoeckert, J. Aach, W. Ansorge, C. A. Ball, H. C. Caus-Ton, T. Gaasterland, P. Glenisson, F. C. Holstege, I. F. Kim, V. Markowitz, J. C. Matese, H. Parkinson, A. Robinson, U. Sarkans, S. Schulze-Kremer, J. Stewart, R. Taylor, J. Vilo, and M. Vingron: Minimum information about a microarranjo experiment (MIAME)-toward standards for microarray data. Nat Genet 29 (4), 365–371 (2001) DOI: 10.1038/ng1201-365
66. Seixas, A., P. Oliveira, C. Termignoni, C. Logullo, A. Masuda and I. da Silva Vaz Junior: Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Vet. Immunol. and Immunopathol.148 (1–2),149–156 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.05.011
67. Ali, A., L.F. Parizi, M.G. Guizzo, L. Tirlone, A. Seixas, I. Silva Vaz Junior, and C. Termignoni: Immunoprotective potential of a Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus metalloprotease. Veterinary Parasitol. 207,107–114 (2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.11.007
68. Rodriguez-Valle, M., A. Lew-Tabor, C. Gondro, P. Moolhuijzen, M. Vance, F. D. Guerrero, M. Bellgard, and W. Jorgensen. Comparative microarray analysis of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus expression profiles of larvae pre-attachment and feeding adult female stages on Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle. BMC Genomics 11:437 (2010) DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-437
69. Mercado-Curiel, R. F., G. H. Palmer, F. D. Guerrero, and K. A. Brayton: Temporal characterisation of the organ-specific Rhipicephalus microplus transcriptional response to Anaplasma marginale infection. Int J Parasitol 41, 851–860 (2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.03.003
70. Doytchinova, I. A., and D. R. Flower: VaxiJen: a server for prediction of protective antigens, tumour antigens and subunit vaccines. BMC Bioinformatics 8:4 (2007) DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-8-4
71. Stutzer, C., W. A. van Zyl, N. A. Olivier, S. Richards and C. Maritz-Olivier: Gene expression profiling of adult female tissues in feeding Rhipicephalus microplus cattle ticks Int. J. for Parasitol. 43(7),541–554(2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.01.009
72. Van Zyl, W. A., C. Stutzer, N. A. Olivier, and C. Maritz-Olivier: Comparative microarray analyses of adult female midgut tissues from feeding Rhipicephalus species. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 6, 84–90 (2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.09.008
73. Royce, T.E., J.S. Rozowskyand, M.B. Gerstein: Toward a universal microarray: prediction of gene expression through nearest-neighbor probe sequence identification. Nucleic Acids Res., 35, 15, (2007) DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkm549
74. Wang, Z., M. Gerstein, and M Snyder: RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics. Nature Reviews Genetics. 10, 57–63, (2009) DOI: 10.1038/nrg2484
75. Metzker M. L: Sequencing technologies – the next generation. Nature Reviews Genetics,11,31–46, (2010) DOI: 10.1038/nrg2626
76. Westermann, A.J., S. A. Gorski, and J. Vogel: Dual RNA-seq of pathogen and host. Nat Rev Microbiol 10, 618–630 (2012) DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2852
77. Karim, S., and J. M. C. Ribeiro: An insight into the sialome of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, with a glimpse on its time dependent gene expression. PLoS One 10:7 (2015) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131292
78. Karim, S., P. Sing and J. M. C. Ribeiro: A Deep Insight into the Sialotranscriptome of the Gulf Coast Tick, Amblyomma maculatum. PLoS ONE. 6(12): e28525, (2011) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028525
79. Schwarz, A., B.M. von Reumont, J. Erhart, A. C. Chagas, J.M.C. Ribeiro and M. A. Kotsyfakis: De novo Ixodes ricinus salivary gland transcriptome analysis using two next-generation sequencing methodologies. The FASEB Journal. 27, 12, 4745–4756, (2013) DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-232140
80. Schwarz, A., S. Tenzer, M. Hackenberg, J. Erhart, A. Gerhold-Ay, J. Mazur, J. Kuharev, J.M.C. Ribeiro and M. A. Kotsyfakis: Systems level analysis reveals transcriptomic and proteomic complexity in Ixodes Ricinus midgut and salivary glands during early attachment and feeding. Mol Cell Proteomics 13, 2725–2735 (2014) DOI: 10.1074/mcp.M114.039289
81. Kotsyfakis, M., P. Kopáček, Z. Franta, J.H.F. Pedra and J.M.C. Ribeiro: Correction: Deep Sequencing Analysis of the Ixodes ricinus Haemocytome. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9(7): e0003909. (2015) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003909
82. Mudenda, L., S. A. Pierlé, J. E. Turse, G.A. Scoles, S. Purvined, C.D. Nicora, T.R.W. Clausse, M.W. Uetic and W.C. Brown: Proteomics informed by transcriptomics identifies novel secreted proteins in Dermacentor andersoni saliva. Int. J. for Parasitol 44, 1029–1037 (2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.07.003
83. Garcia, G.R., L. G. Gardinassi, J. M. Ribeiro, E. Anatriello, B. R. Ferreira, H. N. S. Moreira, C. Mafra, M. M. Martins, M. P. J. Szabó, I. K. F. Miranda-Santos and S. R. Maruyama: The sialotranscriptome of Amblyomma triste, Amblyomma parvum and Amblyomma cajennense ticks, uncovered by 454-based RNA-seq. Par Vectors 7:430. (2014) DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-430
84. Xu, X-L., T-Y. Cheng, H. Yang, F. Yan and Y. Yan: De novo sequencing, assembly and analysis of salivary gland transcriptome of Haemaphysalis flava and identification of sialoprotein genes. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 32, 135–142, (2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.03.010
85. Tan, A.W.L., I.M.B. Francischetti,S. Mirko, K.R. Manjunatha and J.M.C. Ribeiro: Sexual differences in the sialomes of the zebra tick, Rhipicephalus pulchellus. J Proteomics. 18, (117), 120–144. (2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.12.014
86. Castro, M.H., D. Klerka, R. Pienaar, A.A. Latif, D.J.G. Rees and B.J. Mans: De novo assembly and annotation of the salivary gland transcriptome of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus male and female ticks during blood feeding. Ticks and Tick-borne Dis. 7 (4), 536–548. (2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.01.014
87. Anderson, J.M., D.E. Sonenshine, and J.G. Valenzuela: Exploring the mialome of ticks: an annotated catalogue of midgut transcripts from the hard tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) BMC Genomics; 9:552 (2008) DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-552
88. Cramaro, W. J., D. Revets, O. E. Hunewald, R. Sinner, A. L. Reye, and C. P. Mulleret: Integration of Ixodes ricinus genome sequencing with transcriptome and proteome annotation of the naïve midgut. BMC Genomics 16:871 (2015) DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1981-7
89. Higa L. O. S., M. V. Garcia, J. C. Barros, W. W. Koller, and R. Andreotti: Acaricide resistance status of the Rhipicephalus microplus in Brazil: a literature overview. Med Chem 5 (7), 326–333 (2015)
90. Plus vaccine against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus induce similar reproductive suppression to three initial vaccinations under production conditions. BMC Vet Res 6:43. (2010) DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-6-43