Rethinking residential child care: Positive perspectives

Rethinking Residential Child Care: Positive Perspectives

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 1-210

  Smith, Mark ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85033349346     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (337)

1. Abrams, L. (1998) The orphan country, Edinburgh: John Donald.
2. Ainsworth, F. (1981) ‘The training of personnel for group care with children’, in F. Ainsworth and L.C. Fulcher (eds) Group carefor children: Concept and issues, London: Tavistock, pp 225-47.
3. Ainsworth, F. and Fulcher, L.C. (eds) (1981) Group care for children: Concept and issues, London: Tavistock.
4. Ainsworth, M.D.S., Blehar, M.C., Waters, E. and Wall, S. (1978) Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation, Hillside, NJ: Erlbaum.
5. Anglin, J. (1999) ‘The uniqueness of child and youth care: a personal perspective’, Child and Youth Care Forum, vol 28, no 2, pp 143-50.
6. Anglin, J. (2002) Pain, normality, and the struggle for congruence: Reinterpreting residential care for children and youth, New York: The Haworth Press Inc.
7. Appleton, J. (2006) Don’t touch those kids! (www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/article/144/, accessed 7 August 2008).
8. Atkinson, P. (1997) ‘Narrative turn or blind alley’, Qualitative Health Research, vol 7, no 3, pp 325-44.
9. Audit Scotland (2002) Dealing with offending by young people, Edinburgh: Audit Scotland.
10. Austin, D. and Halpin, W (1988) ‘The embodiment of knowledge: a phenomenological approach to child care’, Journal of Child Care, special issue, pp 7-16 (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0208-austinhalpin.html, accessed 1 August 2008).
11. Austin, D. and Halpin, W (1989) ‘The caring response’ Journal of Child and Youth Care, vol 4, no 3, pp 1-7.
12. Bailey, R. and Brake, M. (eds) (1975) Radical social work, London: Edward Arnold.
13. Balbernie, R. (1966) Residential work with children, Oxford: The Pergamon Press.
14. Bandura, A. (1977) Social learning theory, New York: General Learning Press.
15. Barnes, M. (2006) Caring and social justice, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
16. Barry, M. (2007) Effective approaches to risk assessment in social work: An international literature review, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive.
17. Bauman, Z. (1989) Modernity and the holocaust, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
18. Bauman, Z. (1993) Postmodern ethics, Oxford: Blackwell.
19. Bauman, Z (1998) Globalisation: The human consequences, Cambridge: Polity Press.
20. Bauman, Z. (2000a) Liquid modernity, Cambridge: Polity Press.
21. Bauman, Z. (2000b) Special essay: ‘Am I my brother’s keeper?’, European Journal of Social Work, vol 3, no 1, pp 5-11.
22. Bebbington, A. and Miles, J. (1989) ‘The background of children who enter local authority care’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 19, no 1, pp 349-68.
23. Beck, U. (1992) Risk society: Towards a new modernity, London: Sage Publications.
24. Beckett, C. (2003) Child protection: An introduction, London: Sage Publications.
25. Bengtsson, E., Chamberlain, C., Crimmens, D. and Stanley, J. (2008) Introducing social pedagogy into residential child care in England: An evaluation of a project commissioned by the Social Education Trust (SET) in September 2006 and managed by the National Centre for Excellence in Residential Child Care (NCERCC), London: Social Education Trust and NCERCC.
26. Berridge, D. (2007) ‘Theory and explanation in child welfare: education and looked-after children’, Child and Family Social Work, vol 12, pp 1-10.
27. Berridge, D. and Brodie, I. (1998) Children’s homes revisited, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
28. Berridge, D. and Cleaver, H. (1987) Foster home breakdown, Oxford: Blackwell.
29. Bettelheim, B. (1950) Love is not enough: The treatment of emotionally disturbed children, Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
30. Biddulph, S. (2003) Raising boys: Why boys are different and how to help them become happy and well-balanced men, London: Thorsons.
31. Bion, W.R. (1961) Experiences in groups, London: Tavistock.
32. Blackshaw, T. (2005) Zygmunt Bauman, London: Routledge.
33. Blum, L. (1994) Moral perception and particularity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
34. Boddy, J., Cameron, C., Petrie, P., Simon, A. and Wigfall, V. (2006) Working with children in care. European perspectives, Buckingham: Open University Press.
35. Bowlby, J. (1951) Child care and the growth of love, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
36. Brannan, J. and Moss, P. (2003) Rethinking children’s care, Buckingham: Open University Press.
37. Brearley, J. (1985) ‘Anxiety in the organisational context: experiences of consultancy’, Journal of Social Work Practice, May, pp 33-47.
38. Brendtro, L.K., Brokenleg, M. and Van Bockern, S. (1990) Reclaiming youth at risk: Our hope for the future, Bloomington, IN: National Educational Service.
39. Bridges, W (1991) Managing transitions: Making the most of change, New York: Perseus.
40. Brodie, I. (2001) Children’s homes and school exclusion: Redefining the problem, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
41. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977) ‘Toward an experimental ecology of human development’, American Psychologist, vol 32, pp 513-31.
42. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979) The ecology of human development, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
43. Brown, K. and White, K. (2006) Exploring the evidence base for Integrated Children’s Services, Edinburgh: Scottish Government (www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2006/01/24120649/0, accessed 2 September 2008).
44. Bullock, R., Little, M. and Millham, S. (1993) Going home:The return of children separated from their families, Aldershot: Dartmouth Publishing Company.
45. Burmeister, E. (1960) The professional houseparent, NewYork: Columbia University Press.
46. Burton, J. (1998) Managing residential care, London: Routledge.
47. Butler, I. and Drakeford, M. (2001) ‘Which Blair project? Communitarianism, social authoritarianism and social work’ Journal of Social Work, vol 1, no 1, pp 7-24.
48. Butler, I. and Drakeford, M. (2005) Scandal, social policy and social welfare, Bristol: BASW/The Policy Press.
49. Cameron, C. (2003) ‘An historical perspective on changing child care policy’, in J. Brannan and P. Moss (eds) Rethinking children’s care, Buckingham: Open University Press, pp 80-95.
50. Cameron, C. (2004) ‘Social pedagogy and care; Danish and German practice in young people’s residential care’, Journal of Social Work, vol 4, no 2, pp 133-51.
51. Carlebach, J. (1970) Caring for children in trouble, London: RKP
52. Caulfield-Dow, A. (2005) ‘Throughcare and aftercare’, in M. Smith (ed) Secure in the knowledge: Perspectives on practice in secure accommodation, Glasgow: Scottish Institute for Residential Child Care, ch 4.27.
53. Chase, E., Simon, A. and Jackson, S. (2006) Children and young people in and after care: A positive perspective, London: Routledge.
54. Children in Scotland (2008) Working it out: Developing the children’s sector workforce, Edinburgh: Children in Scotland
55. Clark, C. (2006) ‘Moral character in social work’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 36, pp 75-89.
56. Clark, M. (2001) ‘Influencing positive behaviour change: increasing the therapeutic approach of juvenile courts’, Federal Probation, vol 65, no 1, pp 18-28.
57. Clarke, J. and Newman, J. (1997) The managerial state: Power, politics and ideology in the remaking of social welfare, London: Sage Publications.
58. Clough, R., Bullock, R. and Ward, A. (2006) What works in residential child care? A review of research evidence and the practical considerations, London: National Children’s Bureau.
59. Clyde, J.J. (1992) Report of the Inquiry into the Removal of Children from Orkney in February 1991 (Clyde Report), Edinburgh: HMSO.
60. Collingwood, P. (2005) ‘Integrating theory and practice: the three-stage theory framework’, Journal of Practice Teaching in Health and Social Work, vol 6, no 1, pp 6-23.
61. Colton, M., Vanstone, M. and Walby, C. (2002) ‘Victimization, care and justice: reflections on the experiences of victims/survivors involved in large-scale historical investigations of child sexual abuse in residential institutions’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 32, pp 541-51.
62. Corby, B. (2000) ‘The impact of public enquiries’, in D. Crimmens and J. Pitts (eds) Positive residential practice: Learning the lessons of the 1990s, Lyme Regis: Russell House.
63. Corby, B. (2006) ‘Book review: “The secret of Bryn Estyn: The making of a modern witch hunt” by R. Webster, 2005’, Child Abuse Review, vol 15, pp 285-7.
64. Corby, B., Doig, A. and Roberts, V (2001) Public inquiries into abuse of children in residential care, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
65. Costelloe, J.E. (2002) John Macmurray, Edinburgh: Floris Books.
66. Coulshed, V. and Orme, J. (2006) Social work practice: An introduction, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
67. Cree, V and Davis, A. (2007) Social work: Voices from the inside, Abingdon: Routledge.
68. Cree, V. and Wallace, S. (2005) ‘Risk and protection’, in R. Adams, L. Dominelli and M. Payne (eds) Social workfutures, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
69. Crimmens, D. and Milligan, I. (eds) (2005) Facing forward: Residential child care in the 21st century, Lyme Regis: Russell House.
70. Dahlberg, G. and Moss, P. (2005) Ethics and politics in early childhood education, London: RoutledgeFalmer.
71. Daniel, B., Wassell, S. and Gilligan, R. (1999) Child development for child care and protection workers, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
72. Daniel, B. and Taylor, V. (2001) Engaging with fathers: Practice issues for health and social care, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
73. Daniel, B., Featherstone, B., Hooper, C.-A. and Scourfield, J. (2005) ‘Why gender matters for Every Child Matters’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 35, no 8, pp 1343-55.
74. Davidson, J., McCullough, D., Steckley, L. and Warren, T. (2005) Holding safely, Glasgow: The Scottish Institute for Residential Child Care.
75. Dean, M. (1999) ‘Risk: calculable and incalculable’, in D. Lupton (ed) Risk and socio-cultural theory, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
76. de Shazer, S. (1985) Keys to solutions in brief therapy, New York: Norton &Co.
77. DfES (Department for Education and Skills) (2003) Every Child Matters: the Green Paper, Norwich: The Stationery Office.
78. DfES (2006) Care Matters: Transforming the Lives of Children and Young People in Care, Norwich: The Stationery Office.
79. DfES (2007) Care matters: Time for change, Norwich: The Stationery Office.
80. DH (Department of Health), Department of Education and Employment and The Home Office (2000) The framework for the assessment of children in need and their families, London: The Stationery Office.
81. Dixon, J. and Stein, M. (2002b) A study of throughcare and aftercare services in Scotland, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive.
82. Dockar-Drysdale, B. (1990) The provision of primary experience, London: Free Association Books.
83. Dorling, D. and Thomas, B. (2004) People and places: A 2001 Census atlas of the UK, Bristol: The Policy Press.
84. Douglas, R. and Payne, C. (1981) ‘Alarm bells for the clock-on philosophy’, Social Work Today, vol 12, no 23, pp 110-11.
85. du Toit, L. (2000) ‘Child and youth care work in South Africa: recognition and regulation through registration - at last!’, cyc-online, issue 12 (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0100-registration.html, accessed 1 September 2008).
86. Easen, P., Atkins, M. and Dyson, A. (2000) ‘Inter-professional collaboration and conceptualisations of practice’, Children and Society, vol 14, pp 355-67.
87. Emond, R. (2000) ‘Survival of the skilful: an ethnographic study of two groups of young people in residential care’, Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Stirling.
88. Emond, R. (2004) ‘Rethinking our understanding of the resident group in group care’, Child and Youth Care Forum, vol 33, no 3, pp 93-208.
89. Emond, R. (2007) ‘Children’s voices, children’s rights’, in A. Kendrick (ed) Residential child care: Prospects and challenges, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, pp 183-96.
90. Erikson, E.H. (1995) Childhood and society, London:Vintage.
91. Ferguson, H. (2007) ‘Abuse and looked-after children as “moral dirt”: child abuse and institutional care in historical perspective’ Journal of Social Policy, vol 36, no 1, pp 123-39.
92. Ferguson, I. (2008) Reclaiming social work: Challenging neo-liberalism and promoting social justice, London: Sage Publications.
93. Ferguson, R. and Anglin, J. (1985) ‘The child care profession: a vision for the future’, Child and Youth Care Quarterly, vol 14, no 2, pp 85-102.
94. Fewster, G. (1990) Being in care: A journey into self, New York: The Haworth Press Inc.
95. Fewster, G. (2000) ‘Morality, empathy, and sexuality’, Journal of Child &Youth Care, vol 14, no 4, pp 1-17.
96. Fewster, G. (2004) ‘Making contact: personal boundaries in professional practice’, Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, vol 17, no 4, pp 8-18.
97. Fewster, G. (2005) ‘Just between you and me: personal boundaries in professional relationships’, Relational Child andYouth Care Practice, vol 18, no 2, pp 7-14.
98. Forrest, R. (1976) ‘Theories of delinquency’, in F.M. Martin and K. Murray (eds), Children’s hearings, Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, pp 79-98.
99. Francis, J. (2006) ‘Could do better! Supporting the education oflooked-after children’, in A. Kendrick (ed) Residential child care: Prospects and challenges, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
100. Freire, P (1995) Pedagogy of hope: Reliving pedagogy of the oppressed, New York: Continuum.
101. Frost, N., Mills, S. and Stein, M. (1999) Understanding residential child care, Aldershot: Ashgate.
102. Fulcher, L.C. (1998) ‘Acknowledging culture in child and youth care practice’, Social Work Education, vol 17, no 3, pp 321-38.
103. Fulcher, L.C. (2001) ‘Differential assessment of residential group care for children and young people’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 31, pp 417-35.
104. Fulcher, L.C. (2002) ‘The duty of care in child and youth care practice’, Journal of Child and Youth Care Work, vol 17, pp 76-93.
105. Fulcher, L.C. (2004) ‘Programmes and praxis: A review of taken-for-granted knowledge’, Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care, vol 3, no 2, pp 33-45.
106. Fulcher, L.C. (2007) ‘Residential child and youth care is fundamentally about team work’, Journal of Relational Child &Youth Care Practice, vol 20, no 4, pp 30-6.
107. Fulcher, L.C. and Ainsworth, F. (1983) A practice curriculum in group care, CCETSW Paper 14.2, London: Central Council for Education &Training in Social Work.
108. Fulcher, L.C. and Ainsworth, F. (eds) (1985) Group care practice with children, London: Tavistock.
109. Fulcher, L.C. and Ainsworth, F. (eds) (2006) Group care practice with children and young people revisited, New York: The Haworth Press Inc.
110. Fullan, M. (2003) The moral imperative of school leadership, Ontario and Thousand Oaks, CA: Ontario Principals’ Council/Corwin Press.
111. Furedi, F. (2005) The politics of fear, London: Continuum.
112. Furedi, F. (2008) History-as-therapy, Spiked-online, 5 March (www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/article/4721/, accessed 16 May).
113. Furnivall, J., Macquarrie, A. and Smith, M. (unpublished) ‘A review of residential child care in Scotland’, Glasgow: Scottish Institute for Residential Child Care.
114. Gabor, P. and Ing, C. (1991) ‘Stop and think: the application of cognitive-behavioral approaches in work with young people’ Journal of Child and Youth Care, vol 6, no 1, pp 43-53.
115. Gallagher, B. (2000) ‘The extent and nature of known cases of institutional child sex abuse’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 30, pp 795-817.
116. Garfat, T. (1998) ‘The effective child and youth care intervention: a phenomenological inquiry’, Journal of Child and Youth Care, special edition, vol 12, nos 1-2.
117. Garfat, T. (1999) ‘On hanging-out (and hanging-in)’, cyc-online, no 8, September (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0999-editorial.html, accessed 12 December 2007).
118. Garfat, T. (2001) ‘Developmental stages of child and youth care workers: an interactional perspective’, The International Child and Youth Care Network, issue 24 (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0101-garfat. html, accessed 2 October 2008).
119. Garfat, T. (2003a) ‘Four parts magic: the anatomy of a child and youth care intervention’, cyc-online, issue 50 (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0303-thom.html, accessed 2 March 2008).
120. Garfat, T. (2003b) A child and youth care approach to working with families, New York: The Haworth Press Inc.
121. Garfat, T. and McElwee, N. (2004) Developing effective interventions with families, Cape Town: Pretext.
122. Garrett, P.M. (2008) ‘Social work practices: silences and elisions in the plan to “transform” the lives of children “looked after” in England’, Child &Family Social Work, vol 13, no 3, pp 311-18.
123. Gerhardt, S. (2004) Why love matters: How affection shapes a baby’s brain, London: Routledge.
124. Giddens, A. (1991) The consequences of modernity, Cambridge: Polity.
125. Gilligan, C. (1993) In a different voice: Psychological theory and women’s development, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
126. Gilligan, R. (1996) ‘A view from abroad: changes in residential child care in Ireland and Europe’, in A Kendrick and A. McQuarrie (eds) A Better Kind of Home, Centre for Residential Child Care Practice Paper no 3, Glasgow: Centre for Residential Child Care, pp 27-41.
127. Gilligan, R. (2001) ‘Working with social networks: key resources in helping children at risk’, in M. Hill (ed) Effective ways of working with children and their families, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, pp 70-91.
128. Gilligan, R. (2005) ‘Resilience and residential care for children and young people’, in D. Crimmens and I. Milligan (eds) Facing forward: Residential child care in the 21st century, Lyme Regis: Russell House, pp 105-13.
129. Goffman, E. (1968) Asylums, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
130. Goldson, B. (2002) ‘New Labour, social justice and children: political calculation and the deserving-undeserving schism’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 32, pp 683-95.
131. Goldson, B. (2005) ‘Differential justice? A critical introduction to youth justice policy in UK jurisdictions’ in J. McGhee, M. Mellon and B. Whyte (eds) Meeting needs, addressing deeds: Working with young people who offend, Glasgow: NCH Scotland, pp 27-47.
132. Grant, C. and Gabor, P. (2006) ‘An historical perspective on residential services for troubled and troubling youth in Canada revisited’, Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, vol 19, no 4, pp 17-25.
133. Grant, A., Ennis, J. and Stuart, F. (2002) ‘Looking after health: a joint working approach to improving the health outcomes of looked after and accommodated children and young people’, Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care, vol 1, no 1, pp 23-30.
134. Hacking, I. (1992) ‘World-making by kind-making: child abuse for example’, in M. Douglas and D. Hull (eds) How classification works: Nelson Goodman among the social sciences, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp 180-238.
135. Harris, J. (2002) The social work business, London: Routledge.
136. Harris, R. and Timms, N. (1993) Secure accommodation in child care: Between hospital and prison or thereabouts?, London: Routledge.
137. Hart, N. and Monteaux, A. (2006) ‘The BA in curative education’, in R. Jackson (ed) Holistic special education, Edinburgh: Floris Books, pp 199-213.
138. Harvey, D. (2005) A brief history of neoliberalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
139. Heifetz, R.A. (1994) Leadership without easy answers, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
140. Heron, G. and Chakrabarti, M. (2002) ‘Examining the perceptions and attitudes of staff working in community based children’s homes’, Qualitative Social Work, vol 1, no 3, pp 341-58.
141. Heywood, J. (1959) Children in care, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, quoted in I. Butler and M. Drakeford (eds) (2005) Scandal, social policy and social welfare, Bristol: BASW/The Policy Press.
142. Hicks, L., Gibbs, I., Weatherly, H. and Byford, S. (2008) ‘Management, leadership and resources in children’s homes: what influences outcomes in residential child-care settings?’, British Journal of Social Work, advanced access, published online 11 March, accessed 22 August.
143. Hill, M., Walker, M., Moodie, K., Wallace, B., Bannister, J., Khan, F., McIvor, G. and Kendrick, A. (2005) Fast track children’s hearings pilot: Final report of the evaluation of the pilot, Universities of Glasgow, Stirling and Strathclyde.
144. Higham, P. (2001) ‘Changing practice and an emerging social pedagogue paradigm in England: the role of the personal advisor’, Social Work In Europe, vol 8, no 1, pp 21-31.
145. Home Affairs Committee (2002) The conduct of investigations into past cases of abuse in children’s homes (www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmhaff/836/83603.htm#a1, accessed 7 June 2008).
146. Horwath, J. (2000) ‘Childcare with gloves on: protecting children and young people in residential care’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 30, pp 179-91.
147. Humphrey, J.C. (2003) ‘New Labour and the regulatory reform of social care’, Critical Social Policy, vol 23, no 1, pp 5-24.
148. Infed (2007) Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (www.infed.org/thinkers/et-pest.htm, accessed 22 August 2008).
149. Jack, G. (2001) ‘Ecological perspectives in assessing children and families’, in J. Horwath (ed) The child’s world:Assessing children in need, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
150. Jackson, P. (2004) ‘Rights and representation in the Scottish children’s hearings system’, in J. McGhee, M. Mellon and B. Whyte, Meeting needs, addressing deeds: Working with young people who offend, Glasgow: NCH, pp 71-9.
151. Jackson, R. (2006) ‘The role of social pedagogy in the training of residential child care workers’, Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, vol 10, no 1, pp 61-73.
152. Jackson, S. (2006) ‘Looking after children away from home: past and present’, in E. Chase, A. Simon and S. Jackson (eds) In care and after: A positive perspective, London: Routledge, pp 9-25.
153. Jackson, S. and Martin, P.Y. (1998) ‘Surviving the care system: education and resilience’, Journal of Adolescence, vol 21, no 5, pp 569-83.
154. Jackson, S., Ajayi, S. and Quigley, M. (2005) Going to university from care: Final report of the By Degrees project, London: Institute of Education.
155. Jones, A. and Waul, D. (2005) ‘Residential care for Black children’, in D. Crimmens and I. Milligan (eds) Facing forward: Residential care in the 21st century, Lyme Regis: Russell House.
156. Jones, C. (1983) State social work and the working class, London: Macmillan.
157. Jones, C. and Novak, T. (1999) Poverty, welfare and the disciplinary state, London: Routledge.
158. Jones, K. and Fowles, A.J. (1984) Ideas on institutions: Analysing the literature on long-term care and custody, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
159. Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2006) Monitoring poverty and social exclusion in the UK 2006 (www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/1979.asp, accessed 2 October 2008).
160. Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2008) A minimum income standard for Britain: What people think (www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/2244.asp, accessed 14 August 2008).
161. Kahan, B. (1994) Growing up in groups, London: HMSO.
162. Kahan, B. (1995) Highlight:An introduction to residential child care: Part 1, London: National Children’s Bureau.
163. Keenan, C. (2002) ‘Working Within the Life-Space’ in J. Lishman (ed) Handbook of theory for practice teachers in social work, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, pp 220-32.
164. Kellmer-Pringle, M.K. (1975) The needs of children, London: Hutchinson.
165. Kelly, G. (1998) ‘The influence of research on child care policy and practice: the case of “children who wait” and the development of the permanence movement in the United Kingdom’, in D. Iwaniec and J. Pinkerton (eds) Making research work: Promoting child care policy and practice, Chichester: Wiley, pp 47-58.
166. Kemshall, H. (2002) Risk, Social Policy and Welfare, Buckingham: Open University Press.
167. Kendrick, A. (1998) Abuse of children in residential and foster care: A brief review, Scottish Institute for Residential Child Care (SIRCC) (www.sircc.strath.ac.uk/research/kendrick.html, accessed 9 September 2008).
168. Kendrick, A. and Fraser, A. (1992) ‘Summary of the literature review’, in Another kind of home: A review of residential child care, Edinburgh: HMSO.
169. Kent, R. (1997) Children’s safeguards review, Edinburgh: Stationery Office.
170. Kilbrandon, Lord (1964) The Kilbrandon Report: Children and Young Persons Scotland, Edinburgh: HMSO.
171. Kohlberg, L. (1984) The psychology of moral development: The nature and validity of moral stages, San Francisco, CA: Harper & Row.
172. Krueger, M. (1991) ‘Central themes in child and youth care’, Journal of Child and Youth Care, vol 5, no 1, pp 77-87.
173. Kubler-Ross, E. (1973) On death and dying, London: Routledge.
174. La Fontaine, J. (1994) Extent and nature of organized ritual abuse, London: Department of Health.
175. La Fontaine, J. (1998) Speak of the devil: Tales of satanic abuse in contemporary England, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
176. Lamb, M.E. (2004) The role of the father in child development (4th edn), Hoboken, NJ:Wiley.
177. Lane, D. (2001) The Radisson Report, Manchester: The Social Education Trust.
178. Larrabee, MJ. (ed) (1993) An ethic of care: Feminist and interdisciplinary perspectives, New York: Routledge.
179. Lave, J. and Wenger, E. (1991) Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
180. Lee, P. and Pithers, D. (1980) ‘Radical residential child care: Trojan horse or non-runner’, in M. Brake and R. Bailey, Radical social work and practice, London: Edward Arnold, pp 86-123.
181. Levitas, R. (1998) The inclusive society? Social exclusion and New Labour, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
182. Levy, A. and Kahan, B. (1991) The Pindown experience and the protection of children: The Report of the Staffordshire Child Care Inquiry, Staffordshire County Council.
183. Lister, R. (2003) ‘Investing in the citizen-workers of the future: transformations in citizenship and the state under New Labour’, Social Policy &Administration, vol 37, no 5, pp 427-43.
184. Lister, R. (2004) Poverty, Cambridge: Polity Press.
185. Lynch, K. (2007) ‘Love labour as a distinct and non-commodifiable form of care labour’, Sociological Review, vol 55, no 3, pp 550-70.
186. Lyotard, J.-F. (1984) The postmodern condition, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
187. McBeath, G. and Webb, S. (2002) ‘Virtue ethics and social work: being lucky, realistic, and not doing one’s duty’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 32, pp 1015-36.
188. McCluskey, S., Greaves, E. and Kean, C. (2004) ‘Scottish Health Network: promoting the health and well-being of children and young people in and leaving care’, Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care, vol 3, no 2, pp 55-8.
189. McGhee, J. and Waterhouse, L. (1998) ‘Justice and welfare: has the Children (Scotland) Act 1995 shifted the balance?’, Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, vol 20, no 1, pp 49-63.
190. McGuire, J. (ed) (1995) What works - Reducing reoffending: Guidelines from research and practice, Chichester: Wiley.
191. Macintyre, A. (1984) After virtue, Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
192. McKenzie, R. (1996) The home:A memoir of growing up in an orphanage, New York: Basic Books.
193. McLaughlin, K. (2007) ‘Regulation and risk in social work: the General Social Care Council and the Social Care Register in context’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 37, no 7, pp 1263-77.
194. McNeill, F., Batchelor, S., Burnett, R. and Knox, J. (2005) 21st century social work: Reducing re-offending: Key practice skills, Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
195. McPheat, G. (2007) ‘Evaluation of City of Edinburgh Residential Child Care Recruitment and Development Centre’, unpublished MSc thesis, University of Strathclyde.
196. McWilliam, E. (1999) Pedagogical pleasures, New York: Peter Lang.
197. McWilliam, E. and Jones, A. (2005) ‘An unprotected species? On teachers as risky subjects’, British Educational Research Journal, vol 31, no 1, pp 109-21.
198. Magnuson, D. (2003) ‘Preface’, in T. Garfat (ed) A child and youth care approach to working with families, New York: The Haworth Press Inc.
199. Maier, H.W (1979) ‘The core of care: essential ingredients for the development of children at home and away from home’, Child Care Quarterly, vol 8, no 4, pp 161-73.
200. Maier, H.W (1981) ‘Essential components in care and treatment environments for children’, in F. Ainsworth and L.C. Fulcher (eds) Group care for children: Concepts and issues, London: Tavistock, pp 1970.
201. Maier, H.W. (1982) ‘The space we create controls us’, Residential Group Care and Treatment, vol 1, no 1, pp 51-9.
202. Maier, H.W (1985) ‘Primary care in secondary settings: inherent strains’, in L.C. Fulcher and F. Ainsworth (eds) Group care practice with children, London: Tavistock, pp 21-47.
203. Maier, H.W (1987) Developmental group care of children and youth: Concepts and practice, New York: Haworth.
204. Maier, H.W (2002) ‘Hugging and physical touch’, cyc-online, issue 36, January (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0102-maier.html, accessed 12 August 2008).
205. Mandell, D. (2003) Deadbeat dads: Subjectivity and social construction, Toronto: University ofToronto Press.
206. Marris, P. (1974) Loss and change, London: Routledge &Kegan Paul.
207. Marshall, K. and Parvis, P (2004) Honouring children:The human rights of the child in Christian perspective, Edinburgh: St Andrew’s Press.
208. Martin, F.M. and Murray, K. (eds) (1976) Children’s hearings, Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.
209. Martin, F.M. and Murray, K. (eds) (1982) The Scottish juvenile justice system, Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.
210. Mattingly, M. (2006) ‘Managing occupational stress for group care personnel’, in L.C. Fulcher and F. Ainsworth (eds) Group care practice with children and young people revisited, New York: The Haworth Press Inc.
211. Meagher, G. and Parton, N. (2004) ‘Modernising social work and the ethics of care’, Social Work and Society (www.socwork.net/2004/1/articles/426/meagher-Parton2004.pdf, accessed 2 October 2008).
212. Meltzer, H. (2000) The mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain, London: Office of National Statistics.
213. Menzies Lyth, I.E.P (1970) ‘The functioning of social systems as a defence against anxiety’, Human Relations, vol 13, pp 95-121.
214. Menzies Lyth, I.E.P (1979) ‘Staff support systems: task and anti-task in adolescent institutions’, in R.D. Hinshelwood and M. Manning (eds) Therapeutic communities: Reflections and progress, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
215. Millham, S., Bullock, R. and Hosie, K. (1978) Locking up children:Secure provision within the child-care system, Farnborough: Saxon House.
216. Millham, S., Bullock, R., Hosie, K. and Haak, M. (1981) Issues of control in residential child care, London: HMSO.
217. Milligan, I. (1998) ‘Residential care is not social work’, Social Work Education, vol 17, no 3, pp 275-86.
218. Milner, J. and O’Byrne, P. (2002) Assessment in social work, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
219. Milligan, I. and Stevens, I. (2006) Residential child care: Collaborative practice, London: Sage.
220. Morgan, R. (2006) ‘Teachers “have lost courage to tackle bad behaviour”’, The Times, 21 August (www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article614678.ece, accessed 19 June 2008).
221. Moss, P. and Petrie, P. (2002) From children’s services to children’s spaces, London: RoutledgeFalmer.
222. Munro, E. (1999) ‘Common errors of reasoning in child protection’, Child Abuse and Neglect, vol 23, no 8, pp 745-58.
223. Murphy, E. (2001) The solution focused residential unit: A whole-team approach: Helping children and young people to thrive in care, London: Eileen Murphy Consultants.
224. Myers, C.L. (2000) ‘Dilemmas of children’s welfare policies and practices: a critical and discursive perspective’ (www.well.com/user/clmyers/children, accessed 20 August 2008).
225. NCERCC (National Centre for Excellence in Residential Child Care) (2007) Social pedagogy seminars: Building a pedagogic workforce in residential child care, Cheadle: NCERCC and National Children’s Bureau.
226. NEF (New Economics Foundation) (2007) Unintended consequences: How the efficiency agenda erodes local public services and a new public benefit model to restore them (www.neweconomics.org/gen/z_sys_PublicationDetail.aspx?pid=248, accessed 20 February 2008).
227. Neil, A.S. (1966) Summerhill, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
228. Nicholson, D. and Artz, S. (2003) ‘Preventing youthful offending: where do we go from here?’, Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, vol 16, no 4, pp 32-46.
229. Noddings, N. (1996a) ‘The cared for’, in S. Gordon, P. Benner and N. Noddings (eds) Caregiving: Readings in knowledge, practice, ethics and politics, Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
230. Noddings, N. (1996b) ‘The caring professional’, in S. Gordon, P. Benner and N. Noddings (eds) Caregiving: Readings in knowledge, practice, ethics and politics, Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
231. Oliver, C. (2003) ‘The care of the illegitimate child: the Coram experience 1900-45’, in J. Brannan and P. Moss (eds) Rethinking children’s care, Buckingham: Open University Press, pp 44-60.
232. Orme, J. (2001) ‘Regulation or fragmentation? Directions for social work under New Labour’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 31, pp 611-24.
233. Parton, N. (1985) The politics of child abuse, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
234. Parton, N. (1991) Governing the family, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
235. Parton, N. (1999) ‘Reconfiguring child welfare practices: risk, advanced liberalism and the governance of freedom’, in A.S. Chambon, A. Irving and L. Epstein (eds) Reading Foucault for social work, New York: Columbia University Press.
236. Parton, N. (2002) ‘Postmodern and constructionist approaches to social work’, in L. Dominelli, R. Adams and M. Payne (eds) Social work: Themes, issues and critical debates, Basingstoke: Palgrave.
237. Parton, N. (2006) Safeguarding childhood: Early intervention and surveillance in a late-modern society, Basingstoke: Palgrave.
238. Petrie, P. (2001) ‘The potential of pedagogy/education for work in the children’s sector in the UK’, Social Work in Europe, vol 8, no 3, pp 23-6.
239. Petrie, P. (2004) ‘Pedagogy - a holistic, personal approach to work with children and young people across services: European models for practice, training and qualification’, Unpublished paper, London: Thomas Coram Research Unit, Institute of Education, University ofLondon.
240. Petrie, P., Boddy, J., Cameron, C., Wigfall, V. and Simon, A. (2006) Working with children in care: European perspectives, Maidenhead: Open University Press.
241. Petrie, P., Boddy, J., Cameron, C., Heptinstall, E., McQuail, S., Simon, A. and Wigfall, V. (2008) Pedagogy - a holistic, personal approach to work with children and young people, across services: European models for practice, training, education and qualification, London: Thomas Coram Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London Briefing Paper, Update 2008.
242. Phelan, J. (1990) ‘Child care supervision: the neglected skill of evaluation’, in J.P. Anglin, CJ. Denholm, R.V Ferguson and A.R. Pence (eds) Perspectives in professional child and youth care, New York: Haworth.
243. Phelan, J. (1999) ‘Experiments with experience’, Journal of Child and Youth Care Work, vol 14, pp 25-8.
244. Phelan, J. (2001a) ‘Another look at activities’, Journal of Child andYouth Care, vol 14, no 2, pp 1-7.
245. Phelan, J. (2001b) ‘Experiential counselling and the CYC practitioner’, Journal of Child and Youth Care Work, vols 15 and 16, special edition, pp 256-63.
246. Phelan, J. (2001c) ‘Notes on using plain language in child and youth care work’ (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-1101-phelan.html, accessed 1 September 2008).
247. Phelan, J. (2006) ‘Articulating treatment dynamics in residential care’, Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, vol 19, no 4, pp 27-31.
248. Piaget, J. (1971) The child’s conception of the world, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
249. Piper, H. and Smith, H. (2003) ‘“Touch” in educational and child care settings: dilemmas and responses’, British Educational Research Journal, vol 29, no 6, pp 879-94.
250. Piper, H., Powell, J. and Smith, H. (2006) ‘Parents, professionals and paranoia: the touching of children in a culture of fear’, Journal of Social Work, vol 6, no 2, pp 151-67.
251. Pitts, J. (2001) ‘Youth justice’, Community Care Research Matters, vol 11, pp 38-42.
252. Pitts, J. (2005) ‘The dismal fate of the secure estate’, in D. Crimmens and I. Milligan (eds) Facing forward: Residential child care in the 21st century, Lyme Regis: Russell House, pp 186-97.
253. Pollitt, C. (1990) Managerialism and the public services, Oxford: Blackwell.
254. Polsky, H.W. (1962) Cottage six, New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
255. Ramsden, I. (1997) ‘Cultural safety: implementing the concept. The social force of nursing and midwifery’, in P. Te Whaiti, M. McCarthy and A. Durie (eds) Mai I Rangiatea: Maori wellbeing and development, Auckland: Auckland University Press, pp 113-25.
256. Rayner, E. (1978) Human development:An introduction to the psychodynamics of growth, maturity and ageing, London: Allen &Unwin.
257. Redl, F. and Wineman, D. (1951) Children who hate, Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
258. Redl, F. and Wineman, D. (1957) Controls from within: Techniques for treatment of the aggressive child, New York: Free Press.
259. Ricks, F. (1992) ‘A feminist’s view of caring’, Journal of Child and Youth Care, vol 7, no 2, pp 49-57 (available at www.cyc-net.org/features/ft-ricks-fem.html, accessed 21 September 2008).
260. Ricks, F. (2001) ‘Without the self there is no other’, cyc-online, issue 27, April (www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0401-ricks.html, accessed 21 November 2008).
261. Ricks, F. and Bellefeuille, G. (2003) ‘Knowing: the critical error of ethics in family work’, in T. Garfat (ed) A child and youth care approach to working with families, New York: The Haworth Press Inc.
262. Ricks, F., Charlesworth, J., Bellefeuille, G. and Field, A. (1999) All together now: Creating a social capital mosaic, Ontario: Vanier Institute of the Family.
263. Rowe, J. and Lambert, L. (1973) Children who wait: A study of children needing substitute families, London: British Association for Adoption and Fostering.
264. Ruch, G. (2005) ‘Relationship-based practice and reflective practice: holistic approaches to contemporary child care social work’, Child and Family Social Work, vol 10, pp 111-23.
265. Sachs, J. (2003) ‘Teacher activism: mobilising the profession’, Plenary Address to British Educational Research Association Conference, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, September.
266. Sachs, J. and Mellor, L. (2005) ‘Risk anxiety, child panic and child protection: a critical examination of policies from Queensland and New South Wales’, Journal of Education Policy, vol 20, no 2, pp 131-46.
267. Saleebey, D. (ed) (1997) The strengths perspective in social work practice (2nd edn), New York: Longman.
268. Scott, K. (1999) ‘Connecting kids with their world’, Child & Youth Care, vol 17, no 2, pp 3-4.
269. Scottish Executive (2005a) Letter from Peter Peacock, Minister for Children and Young People, to Michael McMahon MSP, 25 August.
270. Scottish Executive (2005b) Getting It Right For Every Child: Proposals For Action, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive.
271. Scottish Executive (2006) Changing lives: 21st century social work review, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive.
272. Scottish Government (2007a) Looked After Children and Young People: We Can and Must Do Better (www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2007/01/15084446/0, accessed 20 February 2008).
273. Scottish Government (2007b) The Crerar Review: The Report of the Independent Review of Regulation, Audit, Inspection and Complaints Handling of Public Services in Scotland (www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2007/09/25120506/0, accessed 2 October 2008).
274. Scottish Office (1992) Another Kind of Home: A Review of Residential Child Care, (The Skinner Report) Edinburgh: HMSO.
275. Scourfield, P. (2007) ‘Are there reasons to be worried about the “cartelisation” of residential care?’, Critical Social Policy, vol 27, no 2, pp 155-81.
276. Search Institute (1997, 2007) ‘40 developmental assets for adolescents (ages 12-18)’ (www.search-institute.org/content/40-developmental-assets-adolescents-ages-12-18, accessed 1 September 2008).
277. Seed, P. (1974) ‘Should any child be placed in care? The forgotten great debate 1841-74’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 3, no 3, pp 321-30.
278. Sen, R., Kendrick, A., Milligan, I. and Hawthorn, M. (2007) ‘Historical abuse in residential child care in Scotland 1950-1995: A literature review’, in T. Shaw, Historical abuse systemic review, Edinburgh: Scottish Government, App 2.
279. Sevenhuijsen, S. (1998) Citizenship and the ethics of care. Feminist considerations on justice, morality and politics, Abingdon: Routledge.
280. Sewpal, V (2005) ‘Global standards: promise and pitfalls for re-inscribing social work into civil society’, International Journal of Social Welfare, vol 14, pp 210-17.
281. Shaw, T. (2007) Historical abuse systemic review: Residential schools and children’s homes in Scotland 1950 to 1995, Edinburgh: Scottish Government (www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2007/11/20104729/0, accessed 21 February 2008).
282. Short Report (1984) Second Report from the Social Services Committee: Children in Care, vol 1, London: HMSO.
283. Singh, S. (2005) ‘Thinking beyond “diversity”: Black and minority ethnic children in Scotland’, in D. Crimmens and I. Milligan (eds) Facing forward: Residential child care in the 21st century, Lyme Regis: Russell House, pp 45-56.
284. Skinner, A. (1992) Another kind of home: A review of residential child care, Edinburgh: The Scottish Office.
285. Skinner, B.F. (1938) The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
286. Smart, M. (2006) ‘Making more sense of transitions’, Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, vol 19, no 4, pp 33-43.
287. Smith, M. (2003a) ‘Towards a professional identity: is residential child care still social work?’, Journal of Social Work, vol 3, no 2, pp 235-52.
288. Smith, M. (2003b) ‘Boys to men: exploring masculinity in child and youth care’, Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, vol 16, no 4, pp 12-21.
289. Smith, M. (2005a) ‘Rethinking residential child care: a child and youth care approach’, in D. Crimmens and I. Milligan (eds) Facing forward: Residential child care in the 21st century, Lyme Regis: Russell House, pp 115-26.
290. Smith, M. (2005b) ‘Applying ideas from learning and teaching in higher education to develop professional identity: the case of the MSc in Advanced Residential Child Care’, Child and Youth Care Forum, vol 34, no 4, pp 261-76.
291. Smith, M. Forrest, B., Garland, P. and Hunter, L. (2005) Secure in the knowledge: Perspectives on practice in secure accommodation, Glasgow: Scottish Institute for Residential Child Care.
292. Smith, M. (2008) ‘Historical abuse in residential child care: an alternative view’, Practice, vol 20, no 1, pp 29-41.
293. Smith, M. and Milligan, I. (2005) ‘The expansion of secure care places in Scotland: in the best interests of the child?’, Youth Justice, vol 4, no 3, pp 178-91.
294. Smith, M. and Whyte, B. (2008) ‘Social education and social pedagogy: reclaiming a Scottish tradition in social work’, European Journal of Social Work, vol 11, no 1, pp 15-28.
295. Smith, M., McKay, E. and Chakrabarti, M. (2004) ‘What works for us - boys’ views of their experience in a former List D school’, British Journal of Special Education, vol 31, no 2, pp 89-93.
296. Spalek, B. (2006) Crime victims: Theory, policy and practice, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
297. Statham, J. and Mooney, A. (2006) ‘Location, location, location: the importance of place in care work with children’, in J. Boddy, C. Cameron and P. Moss (eds) Care work: Present and future, Abingdon: Routledge.
298. Steckley, L. (2005a) ‘Just a game? The therapeutic potential of football’, in D. Crimmens and I. Milligan (eds) Facing forward: Residential child care in the 21st century, Lyme Regis: Russell House, pp 137-48.
299. Steckley, L. (2005b) ‘Activities’, in M. Smith (ed) Secure in the knowledge: Perspectives on practice in secure accommodation, Glasgow: Scottish Institute for Residential Child Care, ch 4.08.
300. Steckley, L. and Kendrick, A. (2007) ‘Young people’s experiences of physical restraint in residential care: subtlety and complexity in policy and practice’, in M. Nunno, L. Bullard and D.M. Day (eds) For our own safety: Examining the safety of high-risk interventions for children and young people, Washington, DC: Child Welfare League of America.
301. Steckley, L. and Kendrick, A. (forthcoming) ‘Physical restraint in residential child care: the experiences of young people and residential workers’, Childhood (accepted for publication).
302. Stein, M. (2006) ‘Missing years of abuse in children’s homes’, Child and Family Social Work, vol 11, no 1, pp 11-21.
303. Stevens, I. (2004) ‘Cognitive-behavioural interventions for adolescents in residential child care in Scotland: an examination of practice and lessons from research’, Child and Family Social Work, vol 9, no 3, pp 237-46.
304. Stewart, G. and Tutt, N. (1987) Children in custody, Aldershot: Avebury.
305. Summit, R. (1983) ‘The child abuse accommodation syndrome’, Child Abuse &Neglect, vol 7, pp 177-93.
306. Taylor, C. and White, S. (2006) ‘Knowledge and reasoning in social work: educating for humane judgement’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 36, no 6, pp 937-54.
307. Taylor, L. (2005) ‘Theoretical perspectives’, in M. Smith (ed) Secure in the knowledge: Perspectives on practice in secure accommodation, Glasgow: Scottish Institute of Residential Child Care, ch 3.
308. Thomas, N. (2005) Social work with young people in care, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
309. Trieschman, A., Whittaker, J.K. and Brendtro, L.K. (1969) The other 23 hours: Child-care work with emotionally disturbed children in a therapeutic milieu, New York: Aldine De Gruiter.
310. Triseliotis, J. (1988) ‘Residential care from a historical perspective’, in J.E. Wilkinson and G. O’Hara (eds) Our children: Residential and community care, London: National Children’s Bureau.
311. Tronto, J. (1994) Moral boundaries: A political argument for an ethic of care, New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall Inc.
312. Trotter, C. (1999) Working with involuntary clients: A guide to practice, London: Sage Publications.
313. UNICEF (2007) The state of the world’s children (www.unicef.org/sowc07, accessed 20 February 2008).
314. Utting, W. (1991) Children in the public care: A review of residential child care, London: HMSO.
315. Utting, W (1997) People like us: The report of the review of the safeguards for children living away from home, London: The Stationery Office.
316. van Beinum, M., Martin, A. and Bonnett, C. (2002) ‘Catching children as they fall: mental health promotion in residential child care in East Dunbartonshire’, Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care, vol 1, no 1, pp 14-22.
317. Vander Ven, K. (1985) ‘Activity programming: its developmental and therapeutic role in group care’, in L.C. Fulcher and F. Ainsworth (eds) Group care practice with children, London: Tavistock, pp 155-86.
318. Visser, J.G. (2002) ‘Eternal verities: the strongest links’, Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, vol 7, no 2, pp 68-84.
319. Vorrath, H.H. and Brendtro, L.K. (2000) Positive peer culture, New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
320. Vygotsky, L.S. (1962) Thought and language, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
321. Wade, J. (2008) ‘The ties that bind: support from birth families and substitute families for young people leaving care’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 38, no 1, pp 39-54.
322. Wagner, G. (1988) Residential care: A positive choice: Report of the Independent Review of Residential Care, London: HMSO/National Institute for Social Work.
323. Walker, M., Barclay, A., Hunter, L., Kendrick, A., Malloch, M., Hill, M. and McIvor, G. (2006) Secure accommodation in Scotland: Its role and relationship with ‘alternative services’ (www.scottishexecutive.gov.uk/Publications/2006/09/01153312/0, accessed 21 February 2008).
324. Ward, A. (1993) Working in group care: Social work in residential and day care settings, Birmingham: Venture Press.
325. Ward, A. (2000) ‘Opportunity led work’, Paper given to Scottish Institute of Residential Child Care Conference, Glasgow, 28 September.
326. Ward, A. (2006) ‘Towards a theory of the everyday: the ordinary and the special in daily living in residential care: international perspectives on rethinking residential care’, Child and Youth Care Forum, vol 33, no 3, pp 209-25.
327. Warner, N. (1992) Choosing with care: Report of the Committee of Inquiry into the Selection, Development and Management of Staff in Children’s Homes, London: HMSO.
328. Waterhouse, R. (2000) Report of the Tribunal of Inquiry into the Abuse of Children in Care in the Former County Council Areas of Gwynedd and Clwyd since 1974: Lost in care, London: The Stationery Office.
329. Webb, S. (2006) Social work in a risk society: Social and political perspectives, Basingstoke: Palgrave.
330. Webster, R. (1994) The politics of the body and the body politic (www.richardwebster.net/thepoliticsofthebody.html, accessed 21 August 2008).
331. Webster, R. (2005) The secret of Bryn Estyn, Oxford: Orwell Press.
332. Whitaker, J. (1981) ‘Major approaches to residential treatment’, in F. Ainsworth and L.C. Fulcher (eds) Group care for children: Concept and issues, London: Tavistock, pp 89-127.
333. White, K. (2008) The growth of love: Understanding the five essential elements of child development, Wiltshire: Barnabas.
334. Wilkinson, R.G. and Pickett, K.E. (2007) ‘The problems of relative deprivation: why some societies do better than others?’, Social Science and Medicine, vol 65, pp 1965-78.
335. Wilks, T. (2005) ‘Social work and narrative ethics’, British Journal of Social Work, vol 35, pp 1249-64.
336. Winnicott, DW (1971) Playing and reality, Routledge: London.
337. Young, C. (2001) ‘Where the boys are’, cyc-net, 21 February (www.cyc-net.org/today2001/today010221.html, accessed 18 July 2008).