메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 10, 2017, Pages

Predicting virus emergence amid evolutionary noise

Author keywords

Emergence; Evolution; Phylogeny; Spill over; Virosphere; Virus

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNICABLE DISEASE; GENETICS; HEALTH SURVEY; HOST PATHOGEN INTERACTION; HUMAN; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; POPULATION GENETICS; TIME FACTOR; TRANSMISSION; VIROLOGY; VIRUS; VIRUS INFECTION;

EID: 85032445057     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20462441     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170189     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (135)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0029171434 scopus 로고
    • Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases
    • Morse SS. 1995 Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 1, 7-15. (doi:10.3201/eid0101.950102)
    • (1995) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.1 , pp. 7-15
    • Morse, S.S.1
  • 2
    • 84862610867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential for respiratory droplet transmissible A/H5N1 influenza virus to evolve in a mammalian host
    • Russell CA et al. 2012 The potential for respiratory droplet transmissible A/H5N1 influenza virus to evolve in a mammalian host. Science 336, 1541-1547. (doi:10.1126/science.1222526)
    • (2012) Science , vol.336 , pp. 1541-1547
    • Russell, C.A.1
  • 3
    • 84878503913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of R0 and transmission heterogeneity from the size distribution of stuttering chains
    • Blumberg S, Lloyd-Smith JO. 2013 Inference of R0 and transmission heterogeneity from the size distribution of stuttering chains. PLoS Comput. Biol. 9, e1002993. (doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002993)
    • (2013) PLoS Comput. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. e1002993
    • Blumberg, S.1    Lloyd-Smith, J.O.2
  • 4
    • 84873460086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple scales of selection influence the evolutionary emergence of novel pathogens
    • Park M, Loverdo C, Schreiber SJ, Lloyd-Smith JO. 2013 Multiple scales of selection influence the evolutionary emergence of novel pathogens. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 368, 20120333. (doi:10.1098/rstb.2012.0333)
    • (2013) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B , vol.368 , pp. 20120333
    • Park, M.1    Loverdo, C.2    Schreiber, S.J.3    Lloyd-Smith, J.O.4
  • 7
    • 84963722864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virological factors that increase the transmissibility of emerging human viruses
    • Geoghegan JL, Senior AM, Di Giallonardo F, Holmes EC. 2016 Virological factors that increase the transmissibility of emerging human viruses. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 4170-4175. (doi:10.1073/pnas.1521582113)
    • (2016) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.113 , pp. 4170-4175
    • Geoghegan, J.L.1    Senior, A.M.2    Di Giallonardo, F.3    Holmes, E.C.4
  • 9
    • 84926447009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissemination, divergence and establishment of H7N9 influenza viruses in China
    • Lam TT et al. 2015 Dissemination, divergence and establishment of H7N9 influenza viruses in China. Nature 522, 102-105. (doi:10.1038/nature14348)
    • (2015) Nature , vol.522 , pp. 102-105
    • Lam, T.T.1
  • 10
    • 85017439030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virus genomes reveal factors that spread and sustained the Ebola epidemic
    • Dudas G et al. 2017 Virus genomes reveal factors that spread and sustained the Ebola epidemic. Nature 544, 309-315. (doi:10.1038/nature22040)
    • (2017) Nature , vol.544 , pp. 309-315
    • Dudas, G.1
  • 11
    • 84994772093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human adaptation of Ebola virus during the West African outbreak
    • Urbanowicz RA et al. 2016 Human adaptation of Ebola virus during the West African outbreak. Cell 167, 1079-1087. (doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.013)
    • (2016) Cell , vol.167 , pp. 1079-1087
    • Urbanowicz, R.A.1
  • 12
    • 84994772159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ebola virus glycoprotein with increased infectivity dominated the 2013-2016 epidemic
    • Diehl WE et al. 2016 Ebola virus glycoprotein with increased infectivity dominated the 2013-2016 epidemic. Cell 167, 1088-1098. (doi:10.1016/j.cell. 2016.10.014)
    • (2016) Cell , vol.167 , pp. 1088-1098
    • Diehl, W.E.1
  • 13
    • 85008220542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential infection patterns and recent evolutionary origins of equine hepaciviruses in donkeys
    • Walter S et al. 2017 Differential infection patterns and recent evolutionary origins of equine hepaciviruses in donkeys. J. Virol. 91, e01711-16. (doi:10.1128/JVI.01711-16)
    • (2017) J. Virol. , vol.91 , pp. e01711-e01716
    • Walter, S.1
  • 14
    • 84877859722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bats are a major natural reservoir for hepaciviruses and pegiviruses
    • Quan P-L et al. 2013 Bats are a major natural reservoir for hepaciviruses and pegiviruses. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, 8194-8199. (doi:10.1073/pnas.1303037110.)
    • (2013) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.110 , pp. 8194-8199
    • Quan, P.-L.1
  • 15
    • 84862618108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airborne transmission of influenza A/H5N1 virus between ferrets
    • Herfst S et al. 2012 Airborne transmission of influenza A/H5N1 virus between ferrets. Science 336, 1534-1541. (doi:10.1126/science.1213362)
    • (2012) Science , vol.336 , pp. 1534-1541
    • Herfst, S.1
  • 17
    • 77956499048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza virus evolution, host adaptation and pandemic formation
    • Taubenberger JK, Kash JC. 2010 Influenza virus evolution, host adaptation and pandemic formation. Cell Host Microbe 7, 440-451. (doi:10.1016/j.chom.2010.05.009)
    • (2010) Cell Host Microbe , vol.7 , pp. 440-451
    • Taubenberger, J.K.1    Kash, J.C.2
  • 18
    • 84876308496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pH of activation of the hemagglutinin protein regulates H5N1 influenza virus replication and pathogenesis in mice
    • Zaraket H, Bridges OA, Russell CJ. 2013 The pH of activation of the hemagglutinin protein regulates H5N1 influenza virus replication and pathogenesis in mice. J. Virol. 87, 4826-4834. (doi:10.1128/jvi.03110-12)
    • (2013) J. Virol. , vol.87 , pp. 4826-4834
    • Zaraket, H.1    Bridges, O.A.2    Russell, C.J.3
  • 19
    • 84910631057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nef proteins of epidemic HIV-1 group O strains antagonize human tetherin
    • Kluge SF et al. 2014 Nef proteins of epidemic HIV-1 group O strains antagonize human tetherin. Cell Host Microbe 16, 639-650. (doi:10.1016/j.chom.2014.10.002)
    • (2014) Cell Host Microbe , vol.16 , pp. 639-650
    • Kluge, S.F.1
  • 20
    • 33745070227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nef-mediated suppression of T cell activation was lost in a lentiviral lineage that gave rise to HIV-1
    • Schindler M et al. 2006 Nef-mediated suppression of T cell activation was lost in a lentiviral lineage that gave rise to HIV-1. Cell 125, 1055-1067. (doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.04.033)
    • (2006) Cell , vol.125 , pp. 1055-1067
    • Schindler, M.1
  • 21
    • 27144431628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of equine influenza virus to dogs
    • Crawford PC et al. 2005 Transmission of equine influenza virus to dogs. Science 310, 482-485. (doi:10.1126/science.1117950)
    • (2005) Science , vol.310 , pp. 482-485
    • Crawford, P.C.1
  • 23
    • 84943327552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spillover and pandemic properties of zoonotic viruses with high host plasticity
    • Johnson CK et al. 2015 Spillover and pandemic properties of zoonotic viruses with high host plasticity. Sci. Rep. 5, 14830. (doi:10.1038/srep14830)
    • (2015) Sci. Rep. , vol.5 , pp. 14830
    • Johnson, C.K.1
  • 24
    • 84985898228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogen population bottlenecks and adaptive landscapes: Overcoming the barriers to disease emergence
    • Geoghegan JL, Senior AM, Holmes EC. 2016 Pathogen population bottlenecks and adaptive landscapes: overcoming the barriers to disease emergence. Proc. R. Soc. B 283, 20160727. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.0727)
    • (2016) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.283 , pp. 20160727
    • Geoghegan, J.L.1    Senior, A.M.2    Holmes, E.C.3
  • 25
    • 85006379615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral factors in influenza pandemic risk assessment
    • Lipsitch M et al. 2016 Viral factors in influenza pandemic risk assessment. eLife 5, 18491. (doi:10.7554/eLife.18491)
    • (2016) ELife , vol.5 , pp. 18491
    • Lipsitch, M.1
  • 26
    • 84940547819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expected effect of deleterious mutations on within-host adaptation of pathogens
    • Fonville JM. 2015 Expected effect of deleterious mutations on within-host adaptation of pathogens. J. Virol. 89, 9242-9251. (doi:10.1128/jvi.00832-15)
    • (2015) J. Virol. , vol.89 , pp. 9242-9251
    • Fonville, J.M.1
  • 28
    • 85002520783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere
    • Shi M et al. 2016 Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere. Nature 540, 539-543. (doi:10.1038/nature20167)
    • (2016) Nature , vol.540 , pp. 539-543
    • Shi, M.1
  • 29
    • 84964694285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unprecedented genomic diversity of RNA viruses in arthropods reveals the ancestry of negative-sense RNA viruses
    • Li C-X et al. 2015 Unprecedented genomic diversity of RNA viruses in arthropods reveals the ancestry of negative-sense RNA viruses. eLife 4, e05378. (doi:10.7554/eLife.05378)
    • (2015) ELife , vol.4 , pp. e05378
    • Li, C.-X.1
  • 30
    • 80052310753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How many species are there on Earth and in the ocean?
    • Mora C, Tittensor DP, Adl S, Simpson AGB, Worm B. 2011 How many species are there on Earth and in the ocean? PLoS Biol. 9, e1001127. (doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127)
    • (2011) PLoS Biol. , vol.9 , pp. e1001127
    • Mora, C.1    Tittensor, D.P.2    Adl, S.3    Simpson, A.G.B.4    Worm, B.5
  • 31
    • 84938723471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The discovery, distribution, and evolution of viruses associated with Drosophila melanogaster
    • Webster CL et al. 2015 The discovery, distribution, and evolution of viruses associated with Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Biol. 13, e1002210.(doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002210)
    • (2015) PLoS Biol. , vol.13 , pp. e1002210
    • Webster, C.L.1
  • 32
    • 33745513227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metagenomic analysis of coastal RNA virus communities
    • Culley AI, Lang AS, Suttle CA. 2006 Metagenomic analysis of coastal RNA virus communities. Science 312, 1795-1798. (doi:10.1126/science.1127404)
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1795-1798
    • Culley, A.I.1    Lang, A.S.2    Suttle, C.A.3
  • 33
    • 41149159700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and biogeography of phages in modern stromatolites and thrombolites
    • Desnues C et al. 2008 Biodiversity and biogeography of phages in modern stromatolites and thrombolites. Nature 452, 340-343. (doi:10.1038/nature06735)
    • (2008) Nature , vol.452 , pp. 340-343
    • Desnues, C.1
  • 35
    • 85019265089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting influenza antigenicity from Hemagglutintin sequence data based on a joint random forest method
    • Yao Y et al. 2017 Predicting influenza antigenicity from Hemagglutintin sequence data based on a joint random forest method. Sci. Rep. 7, 1545. (doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01699-z)
    • (2017) Sci. Rep. , vol.7 , pp. 1545
    • Yao, Y.1
  • 36
    • 85020414428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can we identify viruses with pandemic potential?
    • Woolhouse MEJ, Ashworth JL. 2017 Can we identify viruses with pandemic potential? The Biochemist 39, 8-11.
    • (2017) The Biochemist , vol.39 , pp. 8-11
    • Woolhouse, M.E.J.1    Ashworth, J.L.2
  • 37
    • 77950572893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza virus receptor specificity: Disease and transmission
    • García-Sastre A. 2010 Influenza virus receptor specificity: disease and transmission. Am. J. Pathol. 176, 1584-1585. (doi:10.2353/ajpath.2010.100066)
    • (2010) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.176 , pp. 1584-1585
    • García-Sastre, A.1
  • 38
    • 27344438916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bats are natural reservoirs of SARSlike coronaviruses
    • Li W et al. 2005 Bats are natural reservoirs of SARSlike coronaviruses. Science 310, 676-679. (doi:10.1126/science.1118391)
    • (2005) Science , vol.310 , pp. 676-679
    • Li, W.1
  • 39
    • 85108623167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global patterns in coronavirus diversity
    • Anthony SJ et al. 2017 Global patterns in coronavirus diversity. Virus Evol. 3, vex012. (doi:10.1093/ve/vex012)
    • (2017) Virus Evol. , vol.3 , pp. vex012
    • Anthony, S.J.1
  • 40
    • 84873469384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: Are bats special
    • Luis AD et al. 2013 A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are bats special. Proc. R. Soc. B 280, 20122753. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.2753)
    • (2013) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.280 , pp. 20122753
    • Luis, A.D.1
  • 41
    • 49749225192 scopus 로고
    • Zika virus. I. Isolations and serological specificity
    • Dick GW, Kitchen SF, Haddow AJ. 1952 Zika virus. I. Isolations and serological specificity. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 46, 509-520. (doi:10.1016/0035-9203(52)90042-4)
    • (1952) Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.46 , pp. 509-520
    • Dick, G.W.1    Kitchen, S.F.2    Haddow, A.J.3
  • 42
    • 84902811628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
    • Milne-Price S, Miazgowicz KL, Munster VJ. 2014 The emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Pathog. Dis. 71, 119-134. (doi:10.1111/2049-632X.12166)
    • (2014) Pathog. Dis. , vol.71 , pp. 119-134
    • Milne-Price, S.1    Miazgowicz, K.L.2    Munster, V.J.3
  • 43
    • 0035104467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and the dilution effect in disease ecology
    • Schmidt KA, Ostfeld RS. 2001 Biodiversity and the dilution effect in disease ecology. Ecology 82, 609-619.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 609-619
    • Schmidt, K.A.1    Ostfeld, R.S.2
  • 44
    • 84873696547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity decreases disease through predictable changes in host community competence
    • Johnson PTJ, Preston DL, Hoverman JT, Richgels KLD. 2013 Biodiversity decreases disease through predictable changes in host community competence. Nature 494, 230-233. (doi:10.1038/nature11883)
    • (2013) Nature , vol.494 , pp. 230-233
    • Johnson, P.T.J.1    Preston, D.L.2    Hoverman, J.T.3    Richgels, K.L.D.4
  • 45
    • 57749206649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological correlates of risk and incidence of West Nile virus in the United States
    • Allan BF et al. 2009 Ecological correlates of risk and incidence of West Nile virus in the United States. Oecologia 158, 699-708. (doi:10.1007/s00442-008- 1169-9)
    • (2009) Oecologia , vol.158 , pp. 699-708
    • Allan, B.F.1
  • 46
    • 68149154953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sin Nombre virus and rodent species diversity: A test of the dilution and amplification hypotheses
    • Clay CA, Lehmer EM, Jeor SS, Dearing MD. 2009 Sin Nombre virus and rodent species diversity: a test of the dilution and amplification hypotheses. PLoS ONE 4, e6467. (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006467)
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4 , pp. e6467
    • Clay, C.A.1    Lehmer, E.M.2    Jeor, S.S.3    Dearing, M.D.4
  • 47
    • 80053645705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest species diversity reduces disease risk in a generalist plant pathogen invasion
    • Haas SE, Hooten MB, Rizzo DM, Meentemeyer RK. 2011 Forest species diversity reduces disease risk in a generalist plant pathogen invasion. Ecol. Lett. 14, 1108-1116. (doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01679.x)
    • (2011) Ecol. Lett. , vol.14 , pp. 1108-1116
    • Haas, S.E.1    Hooten, M.B.2    Rizzo, D.M.3    Meentemeyer, R.K.4
  • 48
    • 0037458040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecology of infectious disease: Effects of host diversity and community composition on Lyme disease risk
    • LoGiudice K, Ostfeld RS, Schmidt KA, Keesing F. 2003 The ecology of infectious disease: effects of host diversity and community composition on Lyme disease risk. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 567-571. (doi:10.1073/pnas.0233733100)
    • (2003) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 567-571
    • LoGiudice, K.1    Ostfeld, R.S.2    Schmidt, K.A.3    Keesing, F.4
  • 49
    • 85014111455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis estimates the relative frequencies of co-divergence and cross-species transmission within viral families
    • Geoghegan JL, Duchêne S, Holmes EC. 2017 Comparative analysis estimates the relative frequencies of co-divergence and cross-species transmission within viral families. PLoS Pathog. 13, e1006215. (doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006215)
    • (2017) PLoS Pathog. , vol.13 , pp. e1006215
    • Geoghegan, J.L.1    Duchêne, S.2    Holmes, E.C.3
  • 50
    • 0028326175 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of virulence
    • Read AF. 1994 The evolution of virulence. Trends Microbiol. 2, 73-76. (doi:10.1016/0966-842X(94)90537-1)
    • (1994) Trends Microbiol. , vol.2 , pp. 73-76
    • Read, A.F.1
  • 51
    • 84895858301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A predictive fitness model for influenza
    • Luksza M, Lassig M. 2014 A predictive fitness model for influenza. Nature 507, 57-61. (doi:10.1038/nature13087)
    • (2014) Nature , vol.507 , pp. 57-61
    • Luksza, M.1    Lassig, M.2
  • 52
    • 84983479595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct viral lineages from fish and amphibians reveal the complex evolutionary history of hepadnaviruses
    • Dill JA, Camus AC, Leary JH, Di Giallonardo F, Holmes EC, Ng TF. 2016 Distinct viral lineages from fish and amphibians reveal the complex evolutionary history of hepadnaviruses. J. Virol. 90, 7920-7933. (doi:10.1128/jvi.00832-16)
    • (2016) J. Virol. , vol.90 , pp. 7920-7933
    • Dill, J.A.1    Camus, A.C.2    Leary, J.H.3    Di Giallonardo, F.4    Holmes, E.C.5    Ng, T.F.6
  • 53
    • 78649718268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes
    • Katzourakis A, Gifford RJ. 2010 Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes. PLoS Genet. 6, e1001191. (doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1001191)
    • (2010) PLoS Genet. , vol.6 , pp. e1001191
    • Katzourakis, A.1    Gifford, R.J.2
  • 54
    • 85028503322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deciphering the origin and evolution of hepatitis B viruses by means of a family of non-enveloped fish viruses
    • Lauber C et al. 2017 Deciphering the origin and evolution of hepatitis B viruses by means of a family of non-enveloped fish viruses. Cell Host Microbe pii S1931-3128. (doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.07.019)
    • (2017) Cell Host Microbe
    • Lauber, C.1
  • 55
    • 22944457912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza: Lessons from past pandemics, warnings from current incidents
    • Horimoto T, Kawaoka Y. 2005 Influenza: lessons from past pandemics, warnings from current incidents. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 3, 591-600. (doi:10.1038/nrmicro1208)
    • (2005) Nat. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.3 , pp. 591-600
    • Horimoto, T.1    Kawaoka, Y.2
  • 56
    • 84936817697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring hostpathogen interactions through biological control
    • Di Giallonardo F, Holmes EC. 2015 Exploring hostpathogen interactions through biological control. PLoS Pathog. 11, e1004865. (doi:10.1371/journal. ppat.1004865)
    • (2015) PLoS Pathog. , vol.11 , pp. e1004865
    • Di Giallonardo, F.1    Holmes, E.C.2
  • 57
    • 85019096629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of host species range in plant viruses
    • Moury B, Fabre F, Hébrard E, Froissart R. 2017 Determinants of host species range in plant viruses. J. Gen. Virol. 98, 862-873. (doi:10.1099/jgv.0. 000742)
    • (2017) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.98 , pp. 862-873
    • Moury, B.1    Fabre, F.2    Hébrard, E.3    Froissart, R.4
  • 58
    • 85021187296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission bottleneck size estimation from pathogen deep-sequencing data, with an application to human influenza A virus
    • Leonard AS, Weissman D, Greenbaum B, Ghedin E, Koelle K. 2017 Transmission bottleneck size estimation from pathogen deep-sequencing data, with an application to human influenza A virus. J. Virol. 91, e00171-17. (doi:10.1128/JVI.00171-17)
    • (2017) J. Virol. , vol.91 , pp. e00171-e00217
    • Leonard, A.S.1    Weissman, D.2    Greenbaum, B.3    Ghedin, E.4    Koelle, K.5
  • 59
    • 84969264802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matters of size: Genetic bottlenecks in virus infection and their potential impact on evolution
    • Zwart MP, Elena SF. 2015 Matters of size: genetic bottlenecks in virus infection and their potential impact on evolution. Annu. Rev. Virol. 2, 161-179. (doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-055135)
    • (2015) Annu. Rev. Virol. , vol.2 , pp. 161-179
    • Zwart, M.P.1    Elena, S.F.2
  • 60
    • 85018669795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mosquitoes transmit unique West Nile virus populations during each feeding episode
    • Grubaugh ND et al. 2017 Mosquitoes transmit unique West Nile virus populations during each feeding episode. Cell Rep. 19, 709-718. (doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.076)
    • (2017) Cell Rep. , vol.19 , pp. 709-718
    • Grubaugh, N.D.1
  • 61
    • 84869753388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inferring the inter-host transmission of influenza A virus using patterns of intra-host genetic variation
    • Stack JC, Murcia PR, Grenfell BT, Wood JL, Holmes EC. 2013 Inferring the inter-host transmission of influenza A virus using patterns of intra-host genetic variation. Proc R. Soc. B 280, 20122173. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.2173)
    • (2013) Proc R. Soc. B , vol.280 , pp. 20122173
    • Stack, J.C.1    Murcia, P.R.2    Grenfell, B.T.3    Wood, J.L.4    Holmes, E.C.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.