Current Status of Gender and Racial/Ethnic Disparities Among Academic Emergency Medicine Physicians

Academic Emergency Medicine

Volumn 24, Issue 10, 2017, Pages 1182-1192

  Madsen, Tracy E ^a   Linden, Judith A ^b   Rounds, Kirsten ^a   Hsieh, Yu Hsiang ^c   Lopez, Bernard L ^d   Boatright, Dowin ^e   Garg, Nidhi ^f   Heron, Sheryl L ^g   Jameson, Amy ^h   Kass, Dara ⁱ   Lall, Michelle D ^g   Melendez, Ashley M ^j   Scheulen, James J ^c   Sethuraman, Kinjal N ^k   Westafer, Lauren M ^l   Safdar, Basmah ^e  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f DONALD AND BARBARA ZUCKER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT HOFSTRA NORTHWELL   (United States)

^g EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

ⁱ NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^j University of Louisville School of Medicine   (United States)

^k UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^l BAYSTATE MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASIAN; BLACK PERSON; CAUCASIAN; CERTIFICATION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY MEDICINE; EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; GENDER; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HUMAN; INDIAN; MALE; MEDICAL EDUCATION; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PERSONAL EXPERIENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE; SALARY; ANCESTRY GROUP; CULTURAL DIVERSITY; MANPOWER; MEDICAL SCHOOL; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; QUESTIONNAIRE; SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFIT; SEX RATIO; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; UNITED STATES;

CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; CULTURAL DIVERSITY; EMERGENCY MEDICINE; FACULTY, MEDICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; SALARIES AND FRINGE BENEFITS; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SURVEYS AND QUESTIONNAIRES; UNITED STATES;

EID: 85030236464     PISSN: 10696563     EISSN: 15532712     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/acem.13269     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Martin ML. The value of diversity in academic emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med 2000;7:1027–31.
2. Nunez-Smith M, Ciarleglio MM, Sandoval-Schaefer T, et al. Institutional variation in the promotion of racial/ethnic minority faculty at US medical schools. Am J Public Health 2012;102:852–8.
3. The State of Women in Academic Medicine. The Pipeline and Pathway to Leadershi. Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges, 2013:2013–2014.
4. Wehner MR, Nead KT, Linos K, Linos E. Plenty of moustaches but not enough women: cross sectional study of medical leaders. BMJ 2015;351:h6311.
5. Carr PL, Gunn CM, Kaplan SA, Anita R, Freund KM. Inadequate progress for women in academic medicine: findings from the national faculty study. J Women's Health 2015;24:190–9.
6. Fang D, Moy E, Colburn L, Hurley J. Racial and ethnic disparities in faculty promotion in academic medicine. J Am Med Assoc 2000;284:1085–92.
7. Watts SH, Promes SB, Hockberger R. The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine and Association of Academic Chairs in Emergency Medicine 2009-2010 emergency medicine faculty salary and benefits survey. Acad Emerg Med 2012;19:852–60.
8. Castillo-Page L. Diversity in the Physician Workforce: Facts & Figures 2010. Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges, 2010.
9. Kuhn GJ, Abbuhl SB, Clem KJ. Recommendations from the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) taskforce on women in academic emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med 2008;15:762–7.
10. Jagsi R, Griffith KA, Stewart A, Sambuco D, DeCastro R, Ubel PA. Gender differences in the salaries of physician researchers. JAMA 2012;307:2410–7.
11. Kristal SL, Randall-Kristal KA, Thompson BM. 2001-2002 SAEM emergency medicine faculty salary and benefits survey. Acad Emerg Med 2002;9:1435–44.
12. Freund KM, Raj A, Kaplan SE, et al. Inequities in academic compensation by gender: a follow-up to the national faculty survey cohort study. Acad Med 2016;91:1068–73.
13. Westring A, McDonald JM, Carr P, Grisso JA. An integrated framework for gender equity in academic medicine. Acad Med 2016;91:1041–4.
14. Small DA, Gelfand M, Babcock L, Gettman H. Who goes to the bargaining table? The influence of gender and framing on the initiation of negotiation. J Pers Soc Psychol 2007;93:600–13.
15. Sarfaty S, Kolb D, Barnett R, et al. Negotiation in academic medicine: a necessary career skill. J Women's Health 2007;16:235–44.
16. Stevens CK, Bavetta AG, Gist ME. Gender differences in the acquisition of salary negotiation skills: the role of goals, self-efficacy, and perceived control. J Appl Psychol 1993;78:723–35.
17. Bowles HR, Babcock L, Lai L. Social incentives for gender differences in the propensity to initiate negotiations. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 2007;103:84–103.
18. Carney D, Nosek BA, Greenwald AG, Banaji MR, Baumeister R, Vohs K. Implicit Association Test (IAT). In: Baumeister R, Vohs K, editors. Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc, 2007:463–6.
19. Edmunds LD, Ovseiko PV, Shepperd S, et al. Why do women choose or reject careers in academic medicine? A narrative review of empirical evidence. Lancet 2016;388:2948–58.
20. Smedley BD, Stith AY, Nelson AR. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2003.
21. Parker RB, Stack SJ, Schneider SM, et al. Why diversity and inclusion are critical to the American College of Emergency Physicians’ future success. Ann Emerg Med 2017;69:714–7.
22. James T. SAEM diversity position statement. The SAEM Diversity Interest Group. Acad Emerg Med 2000;7:1055.
23. ADIEM. Academy for Diversity & Inclusion in Emergency Medicine. Available at: http://community.saem.org/communities/community-home?CommunityKey=a8136ffe-42c0-4939-956d-fa23d3b786f3. Accessed Mar 1, 2017.