메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 130, Issue 6, 2017, Pages S40-S50

Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure

Author keywords

Cardiac function; Ejection fraction; Heart failure; Sodium glucose cotransporter 2; Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Indexed keywords

DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1; INSULIN; SODIUM GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER 2 INHIBITOR; SULFONYLUREA; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; BENZHYDRYL DERIVATIVE; EMPAGLIFLOZIN; GLUCOSIDE;

EID: 85020101939     PISSN: 00029343     EISSN: 15557162     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.04.010     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (126)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 38349086961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of the cardiomyopathies: a position statement from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases
    • Elliott, P., Andersson, B., Arbustini, E., et al. Classification of the cardiomyopathies: a position statement from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J 29 (2008), 270–276.
    • (2008) Eur Heart J , vol.29 , pp. 270-276
    • Elliott, P.1    Andersson, B.2    Arbustini, E.3
  • 3
    • 84861601268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetic cardiomyopathy: myth or reality?
    • Ernande, L., Derumeaux, G., Diabetic cardiomyopathy: myth or reality?. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 105 (2012), 218–225.
    • (2012) Arch Cardiovasc Dis , vol.105 , pp. 218-225
    • Ernande, L.1    Derumeaux, G.2
  • 4
    • 84981715657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC
    • Ponikowski, P., Voors, A.A., Anker, S.D., et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail 18 (2016), 891–975.
    • (2016) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.18 , pp. 891-975
    • Ponikowski, P.1    Voors, A.A.2    Anker, S.D.3
  • 5
    • 33644876070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose abnormalities and heart failure predict poor prognosis in the population-based Reykjavik Study
    • Thrainsdottir, I.S., Aspelund, T., Hardarson, T., et al. Glucose abnormalities and heart failure predict poor prognosis in the population-based Reykjavik Study. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 12 (2005), 465–471.
    • (2005) Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil , vol.12 , pp. 465-471
    • Thrainsdottir, I.S.1    Aspelund, T.2    Hardarson, T.3
  • 6
    • 14644446003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between glucose abnormalities and heart failure in the population-based Reykjavik study
    • Thrainsdottir, I.S., Aspelund, T., Thorgeirsson, G., et al. The association between glucose abnormalities and heart failure in the population-based Reykjavik study. Diabetes Care 28 (2005), 612–616.
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , pp. 612-616
    • Thrainsdottir, I.S.1    Aspelund, T.2    Thorgeirsson, G.3
  • 7
    • 84886295083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediabetes is not an independent risk factor for incident heart failure, other cardiovascular events or mortality in older adults: findings from a population-based cohort study
    • Deedwania, P., Patel, K., Fonarow, G.C., et al. Prediabetes is not an independent risk factor for incident heart failure, other cardiovascular events or mortality in older adults: findings from a population-based cohort study. Int J Cardiol 168 (2013), 3616–3622.
    • (2013) Int J Cardiol , vol.168 , pp. 3616-3622
    • Deedwania, P.1    Patel, K.2    Fonarow, G.C.3
  • 8
    • 42949169911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel metabolic risk factors for incident heart failure and their relationship with obesity: the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study
    • Bahrami, H., Bluemke, D.A., Kronmal, R., et al. Novel metabolic risk factors for incident heart failure and their relationship with obesity: the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 51 (2008), 1775–1783.
    • (2008) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.51 , pp. 1775-1783
    • Bahrami, H.1    Bluemke, D.A.2    Kronmal, R.3
  • 9
    • 3342886026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of congestive heart failure in type 2 diabetes: an update
    • Nichols, G.A., Gullion, C.M., Koro, C.E., Ephross, S.A., Brown, J.B., The incidence of congestive heart failure in type 2 diabetes: an update. Diabetes Care 27 (2004), 1879–1884.
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , pp. 1879-1884
    • Nichols, G.A.1    Gullion, C.M.2    Koro, C.E.3    Ephross, S.A.4    Brown, J.B.5
  • 10
    • 79251478387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes, glycemic control, and new-onset heart failure in patients with stable coronary artery disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study
    • van Melle, J.P., Bot, M., de Jonge, P., de Boer, R.A., van Veldhuisen, D.J., Whooley, M.A., Diabetes, glycemic control, and new-onset heart failure in patients with stable coronary artery disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study. Diabetes Care 33 (2010), 2084–2089.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 2084-2089
    • van Melle, J.P.1    Bot, M.2    de Jonge, P.3    de Boer, R.A.4    van Veldhuisen, D.J.5    Whooley, M.A.6
  • 11
    • 82455163825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and prognostic implications of pre-diabetic state in patients with heart failure
    • Matsue, Y., Suzuki, M., Nakamura, R., et al. Prevalence and prognostic implications of pre-diabetic state in patients with heart failure. Circ J 75 (2011), 2833–2839.
    • (2011) Circ J , vol.75 , pp. 2833-2839
    • Matsue, Y.1    Suzuki, M.2    Nakamura, R.3
  • 12
    • 1542301798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of diabetes and diabetes-gender interaction on the risk of death in patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure
    • Gustafsson, I., Brendorp, B., Seibaek, M., et al. Influence of diabetes and diabetes-gender interaction on the risk of death in patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 43 (2004), 771–777.
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 771-777
    • Gustafsson, I.1    Brendorp, B.2    Seibaek, M.3
  • 13
    • 0026786643 scopus 로고
    • Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction: results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial
    • Pfeffer, M.A., Braunwald, E., Moyé, L.A., et al. Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction: results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. N Engl J Med 327 (1992), 669–677.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , pp. 669-677
    • Pfeffer, M.A.1    Braunwald, E.2    Moyé, L.A.3
  • 14
    • 0037015256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventricular remodeling does not accompany the development of heart failure in diabetic patients after myocardial infarction
    • Solomon, S.D., St John Sutton, M., Lamas, G.A., et al. Ventricular remodeling does not accompany the development of heart failure in diabetic patients after myocardial infarction. Circulation 106 (2002), 1251–1255.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 1251-1255
    • Solomon, S.D.1    St John Sutton, M.2    Lamas, G.A.3
  • 15
    • 20844456796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newly diagnosed and previously known diabetes mellitus and 1-year outcomes of acute myocardial infarction: the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial
    • Aguilar, D., Solomon, S.D., Kober, L., et al. Newly diagnosed and previously known diabetes mellitus and 1-year outcomes of acute myocardial infarction: the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial. Circulation 110 (2004), 1572–1578.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 1572-1578
    • Aguilar, D.1    Solomon, S.D.2    Kober, L.3
  • 16
    • 44949172981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of diabetes on outcomes in patients with low and preserved ejection fraction heart failure: an analysis of the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme
    • MacDonald, M.R., Petrie, M.C., Varyani, F., et al. Impact of diabetes on outcomes in patients with low and preserved ejection fraction heart failure: an analysis of the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme. Eur Heart J 29 (2008), 1377–1385.
    • (2008) Eur Heart J , vol.29 , pp. 1377-1385
    • MacDonald, M.R.1    Petrie, M.C.2    Varyani, F.3
  • 17
    • 84962173633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between left ventricular structural and metabolic remodeling in type 2 diabetes
    • Levelt, E., Mahmod, M., Piechnik, S.K., et al. Relationship between left ventricular structural and metabolic remodeling in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 65 (2016), 44–52.
    • (2016) Diabetes , vol.65 , pp. 44-52
    • Levelt, E.1    Mahmod, M.2    Piechnik, S.K.3
  • 18
    • 84976421868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ectopic and visceral fat deposition in lean and obese patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Levelt, E., Pavlides, M., Banerjee, R., et al. Ectopic and visceral fat deposition in lean and obese patients with type 2 diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol 68 (2016), 53–63.
    • (2016) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.68 , pp. 53-63
    • Levelt, E.1    Pavlides, M.2    Banerjee, R.3
  • 19
    • 80052574249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus worsens diastolic left ventricular dysfunction in aortic stenosis through altered myocardial structure and cardiomyocyte stiffness
    • Falcão-Pires, I., Hamdani, N., Borbély, A., et al. Diabetes mellitus worsens diastolic left ventricular dysfunction in aortic stenosis through altered myocardial structure and cardiomyocyte stiffness. Circulation 124 (2011), 1151–1159.
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.124 , pp. 1151-1159
    • Falcão-Pires, I.1    Hamdani, N.2    Borbély, A.3
  • 20
    • 84897948375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial extracellular volume fraction quantified by cardiovascular magnetic resonance is increased in diabetes and associated with mortality and incident heart failure admission
    • Wong, T.C., Piehler, K.M., Kang, I.A., et al. Myocardial extracellular volume fraction quantified by cardiovascular magnetic resonance is increased in diabetes and associated with mortality and incident heart failure admission. Eur Heart J 35 (2014), 657–664.
    • (2014) Eur Heart J , vol.35 , pp. 657-664
    • Wong, T.C.1    Piehler, K.M.2    Kang, I.A.3
  • 21
    • 77951773194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excessive cardiac insulin signaling exacerbates systolic dysfunction induced by pressure overload in rodents
    • Shimizu, I., Minamino, T., Toko, H., et al. Excessive cardiac insulin signaling exacerbates systolic dysfunction induced by pressure overload in rodents. J Clin Invest 120 (2010), 1506–1514.
    • (2010) J Clin Invest , vol.120 , pp. 1506-1514
    • Shimizu, I.1    Minamino, T.2    Toko, H.3
  • 22
    • 85015953289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac energetics, oxygenation, and perfusion during increased workload in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Levelt, E., Rodgers, C.T., Clarke, W.T., et al. Cardiac energetics, oxygenation, and perfusion during increased workload in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 37 (2016), 3461–3469.
    • (2016) Eur Heart J , vol.37 , pp. 3461-3469
    • Levelt, E.1    Rodgers, C.T.2    Clarke, W.T.3
  • 23
    • 4043058031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced glycation end products and vascular inflammation: implications for accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes
    • Basta, G., Schmidt, A.M., De Caterina, R., Advanced glycation end products and vascular inflammation: implications for accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 63 (2004), 582–592.
    • (2004) Cardiovasc Res , vol.63 , pp. 582-592
    • Basta, G.1    Schmidt, A.M.2    De Caterina, R.3
  • 24
    • 84864885117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and implications for the pathophysiology of heart failure
    • Ramasamy, R., Schmidt, A.M., Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and implications for the pathophysiology of heart failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 9 (2012), 107–116.
    • (2012) Curr Heart Fail Rep , vol.9 , pp. 107-116
    • Ramasamy, R.1    Schmidt, A.M.2
  • 25
    • 0028299731 scopus 로고
    • Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study
    • Benjamin, E.J., Levy, D., Vaziri, S.M., D'Agostino, R.B., Belanger, A.J., Wolf, P.A., Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA 271 (1994), 840–844.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.271 , pp. 840-844
    • Benjamin, E.J.1    Levy, D.2    Vaziri, S.M.3    D'Agostino, R.B.4    Belanger, A.J.5    Wolf, P.A.6
  • 26
    • 84869453845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in left atrial volume in diabetes mellitus: more than diastolic dysfunction?
    • Kadappu, K.K., Boyd, A., Eshoo, S., et al. Changes in left atrial volume in diabetes mellitus: more than diastolic dysfunction?. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 13 (2012), 1016–1023.
    • (2012) Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging , vol.13 , pp. 1016-1023
    • Kadappu, K.K.1    Boyd, A.2    Eshoo, S.3
  • 27
    • 85006979643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early impairment in left ventricular longitudinal systolic function is associated with an increased risk of incident atrial fibrillation in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Bonapace, S., Valbusa, F., Bertolini, L., et al. Early impairment in left ventricular longitudinal systolic function is associated with an increased risk of incident atrial fibrillation in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 31 (2017), 413–418.
    • (2017) J Diabetes Complications , vol.31 , pp. 413-418
    • Bonapace, S.1    Valbusa, F.2    Bertolini, L.3
  • 28
    • 84906070274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial contractile dysfunction is associated with impaired mitochondrial function and dynamics in type 2 diabetic but not in obese patients
    • Montaigne, D., Marechal, X., Coisne, A., et al. Myocardial contractile dysfunction is associated with impaired mitochondrial function and dynamics in type 2 diabetic but not in obese patients. Circulation 130 (2014), 554–564.
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.130 , pp. 554-564
    • Montaigne, D.1    Marechal, X.2    Coisne, A.3
  • 29
    • 85002595733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid signaling and lipotoxicity in metaflammation: indications for metabolic disease pathogenesis and treatment
    • Ertunc, M.E., Hotamisligil, G.S., Lipid signaling and lipotoxicity in metaflammation: indications for metabolic disease pathogenesis and treatment. J Lipid Res 57 (2016), 2099–2114.
    • (2016) J Lipid Res , vol.57 , pp. 2099-2114
    • Ertunc, M.E.1    Hotamisligil, G.S.2
  • 30
    • 84860441011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and lipid signaling in the etiology of insulin resistance
    • Glass, C.K., Olefsky, J.M., Inflammation and lipid signaling in the etiology of insulin resistance. Cell Metab 15 (2012), 635–645.
    • (2012) Cell Metab , vol.15 , pp. 635-645
    • Glass, C.K.1    Olefsky, J.M.2
  • 31
    • 77955060310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hepatic triglyceride content on myocardial metabolism in type 2 diabetes
    • Rijzewijk, L.J., Jonker, J.T., van der Meer, R.W., et al. Effects of hepatic triglyceride content on myocardial metabolism in type 2 diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol 56 (2010), 225–233.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.56 , pp. 225-233
    • Rijzewijk, L.J.1    Jonker, J.T.2    van der Meer, R.W.3
  • 32
    • 12344305124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction and type 2 diabetes
    • Lowell, B.B., Shulman, G.I., Mitochondrial dysfunction and type 2 diabetes. Science 307 (2005), 384–387.
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , pp. 384-387
    • Lowell, B.B.1    Shulman, G.I.2
  • 33
    • 84875906572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of nutrient utilization and energy expenditure
    • Liesa, M., Shirihai, O.S., Mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of nutrient utilization and energy expenditure. Cell Metab 17 (2013), 491–506.
    • (2013) Cell Metab , vol.17 , pp. 491-506
    • Liesa, M.1    Shirihai, O.S.2
  • 34
    • 84990923870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired utilization of membrane potential by complex II-energized mitochondria of obese, diabetic mice assessed using ADP recycling methodology
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Fink, B.D., Bai, F., Yu, L., Sivitz, W.I., Impaired utilization of membrane potential by complex II-energized mitochondria of obese, diabetic mice assessed using ADP recycling methodology. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2016, 10.1152/ajpregu.00232.2016 [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2016) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
    • Fink, B.D.1    Bai, F.2    Yu, L.3    Sivitz, W.I.4
  • 35
    • 78349297565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and diabetic complications
    • Giacco, F., Brownlee, M., Oxidative stress and diabetic complications. Circ Res 107 (2010), 1058–1070.
    • (2010) Circ Res , vol.107 , pp. 1058-1070
    • Giacco, F.1    Brownlee, M.2
  • 36
    • 84971265146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders in diabetes
    • Shah, M.S., Brownlee, M., Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders in diabetes. Circ Res 118 (2016), 1808–1829.
    • (2016) Circ Res , vol.118 , pp. 1808-1829
    • Shah, M.S.1    Brownlee, M.2
  • 37
    • 84997770282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species mediate cardiac structural, functional, and mitochondrial consequences of diet-induced metabolic heart disease
    • Sverdlov, A.L., Elezaby, A., Qin, F., et al. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species mediate cardiac structural, functional, and mitochondrial consequences of diet-induced metabolic heart disease. J Am Heart Assoc, 5, 2016, 10.1161/JAHA.115.002555.
    • (2016) J Am Heart Assoc , vol.5
    • Sverdlov, A.L.1    Elezaby, A.2    Qin, F.3
  • 38
    • 33947239659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The failing heart–an engine out of fuel
    • Neubauer, S., The failing heart–an engine out of fuel. N Engl J Med 356 (2007), 1140–1151.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , pp. 1140-1151
    • Neubauer, S.1
  • 39
    • 84862137804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventricular assist device implantation corrects myocardial lipotoxicity, reverses insulin resistance, and normalizes cardiac metabolism in patients with advanced heart failure
    • Chokshi, A., Drosatos, K., Cheema, F.H., et al. Ventricular assist device implantation corrects myocardial lipotoxicity, reverses insulin resistance, and normalizes cardiac metabolism in patients with advanced heart failure. Circulation 125 (2012), 2844–2853.
    • (2012) Circulation , vol.125 , pp. 2844-2853
    • Chokshi, A.1    Drosatos, K.2    Cheema, F.H.3
  • 40
    • 84908294192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic impairment in heart failure: the myocardial and systemic perspective
    • Doehner, W., Frenneaux, M., Anker, S.D., Metabolic impairment in heart failure: the myocardial and systemic perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol 64 (2014), 1388–1400.
    • (2014) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.64 , pp. 1388-1400
    • Doehner, W.1    Frenneaux, M.2    Anker, S.D.3
  • 41
    • 24944519346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired insulin sensitivity as an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with stable chronic heart failure
    • Doehner, W., Rauchhaus, M., Ponikowski, P., et al. Impaired insulin sensitivity as an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with stable chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 46 (2005), 1019–1026.
    • (2005) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.46 , pp. 1019-1026
    • Doehner, W.1    Rauchhaus, M.2    Ponikowski, P.3
  • 42
    • 84975775436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for intramyocardial disruption of lipid metabolism and increased myocardial ketone utilization in advanced human heart failure
    • Bedi, K.C. Jr., Snyder, N.W., Brandimarto, J., et al. Evidence for intramyocardial disruption of lipid metabolism and increased myocardial ketone utilization in advanced human heart failure. Circulation 133 (2016), 706–716.
    • (2016) Circulation , vol.133 , pp. 706-716
    • Bedi, K.C.1    Snyder, N.W.2    Brandimarto, J.3
  • 43
    • 84975775560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The failing heart relies on ketone bodies as a fuel
    • Aubert, G., Martin, O.J., Horton, J.L., et al. The failing heart relies on ketone bodies as a fuel. Circulation 133 (2016), 698–705.
    • (2016) Circulation , vol.133 , pp. 698-705
    • Aubert, G.1    Martin, O.J.2    Horton, J.L.3
  • 44
    • 84979743506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA focused update on new pharmacological therapy for heart failure: an update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America
    • Yancy, C., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., et al. 2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA focused update on new pharmacological therapy for heart failure: an update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America. J Card Fail 22 (2016), 659–669.
    • (2016) J Card Fail , vol.22 , pp. 659-669
    • Yancy, C.1    Jessup, M.2    Bozkurt, B.3
  • 45
    • 84908177699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical implications of chronic heart failure phenotypes defined by cluster analysis
    • Ahmad, T., Pencina, M.J., Schulte, P.J., et al. Clinical implications of chronic heart failure phenotypes defined by cluster analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 64 (2014), 1765–1774.
    • (2014) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.64 , pp. 1765-1774
    • Ahmad, T.1    Pencina, M.J.2    Schulte, P.J.3
  • 46
    • 84969871823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA focused update on new pharmacological therapy for heart failure: an update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America
    • Writing Committee Members, Yancy, C.W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., et al. 2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA focused update on new pharmacological therapy for heart failure: an update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America. Circulation 134 (2016), e282–e293.
    • (2016) Circulation , vol.134 , pp. e282-e293
    • Yancy, C.W.1    Jessup, M.2    Bozkurt, B.3
  • 47
    • 84992333051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jardiance (empagliflozin) to be studied for the treatment of people with chronic heart failure
    • Available at: Accessed December 19
    • Boehringer Ingelheim. Jardiance (empagliflozin) to be studied for the treatment of people with chronic heart failure. Available at: www.boehringer-ingelheim.com/press-release/jardiance-empagliflozin-be-studied-treatment-people-chronic-heart-failure Accessed December 19, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 48
    • 84880323061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes
    • Look AHEAD Research Group, Wing, R.R., Bolin, P., Brancati, F.L., et al. Cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 369 (2013), 145–154.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 145-154
    • Wing, R.R.1    Bolin, P.2    Brancati, F.L.3
  • 49
    • 84993315699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of the magnitude of weight loss and changes in physical fitness with long-term cardiovascular disease outcomes in overweight or obese people with type 2 diabetes: a post-hoc analysis of the Look AHEAD randomised clinical trial
    • Look AHEAD Research Group. Association of the magnitude of weight loss and changes in physical fitness with long-term cardiovascular disease outcomes in overweight or obese people with type 2 diabetes: a post-hoc analysis of the Look AHEAD randomised clinical trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 4 (2016), 913–921.
    • (2016) Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol , vol.4 , pp. 913-921
  • 50
    • 84887894171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of weight reduction and cardiometabolic risk factor management on symptom burden and severity in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial
    • Abed, H.S., Wittert, G.A., Leong, D.P., et al. Effect of weight reduction and cardiometabolic risk factor management on symptom burden and severity in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 310 (2013), 2050–2060.
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.310 , pp. 2050-2060
    • Abed, H.S.1    Wittert, G.A.2    Leong, D.P.3
  • 51
    • 84929629900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effect of goal-directed weight management in an atrial fibrillation cohort: a long-term follow-up study (LEGACY)
    • Pathak, R.K., Middeldorp, M.E., Meredith, M., et al. Long-term effect of goal-directed weight management in an atrial fibrillation cohort: a long-term follow-up study (LEGACY). J Am Coll Cardiol 65 (2015), 2159–2169.
    • (2015) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.65 , pp. 2159-2169
    • Pathak, R.K.1    Middeldorp, M.E.2    Meredith, M.3
  • 52
    • 84994501747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS
    • Kirchhof, P., Benussi, S., Kotecha, D., et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J 37 (2016), 2893–2962.
    • (2016) Eur Heart J , vol.37 , pp. 2893-2962
    • Kirchhof, P.1    Benussi, S.2    Kotecha, D.3
  • 53
    • 79960959816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intensive glucose lowering treatment on all cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and microvascular events in type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • Boussageon, R., Bejan-Angoulvant, T., Saadatian-Elahi, M., et al. Effect of intensive glucose lowering treatment on all cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and microvascular events in type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ, 343, 2011, d4169.
    • (2011) BMJ , vol.343 , pp. d4169
    • Boussageon, R.1    Bejan-Angoulvant, T.2    Saadatian-Elahi, M.3
  • 54
    • 85009168575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment
    • American Diabetes Association. 8. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment. Diabetes Care 40 (2017), S64–S74.
    • (2017) Diabetes Care , vol.40 , pp. S64-S74
  • 55
    • 79952260043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin use and mortality in ambulatory patients with diabetes and heart failure
    • Aguilar, D., Chan, W., Bozkurt, B., Ramasubbu, K., Deswal, A., Metformin use and mortality in ambulatory patients with diabetes and heart failure. Circ Heart Fail 4 (2011), 53–58.
    • (2011) Circ Heart Fail , vol.4 , pp. 53-58
    • Aguilar, D.1    Chan, W.2    Bozkurt, B.3    Ramasubbu, K.4    Deswal, A.5
  • 56
    • 77956971910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of metformin on mortality in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Evans, J.M., Doney, A.S., AlZadjali, M.A., et al. Effect of metformin on mortality in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol 106 (2010), 1006–1010.
    • (2010) Am J Cardiol , vol.106 , pp. 1006-1010
    • Evans, J.M.1    Doney, A.S.2    AlZadjali, M.A.3
  • 57
    • 85020396651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucophage (metformin hydrochloride) prescribing information. January 2009
    • Available at: Accessed August 8
    • Bristol-Myers Squibb. Glucophage (metformin hydrochloride) prescribing information. January 2009. Available at: http://packageinserts.bms.com/pi/pi_glucophage.pdf Accessed August 8, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 58
    • 85010063732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA revises warnings regarding use of the diabetes medicine metformin in certain patients with reduced kidney function
    • Available at: Accessed May 12, 2016
    • US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA revises warnings regarding use of the diabetes medicine metformin in certain patients with reduced kidney function. Available at: www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/UCM494140.pdf, April 8, 2016 Accessed May 12, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 59
    • 85020379385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcomes of metformin use in populations with chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, or chronic liver disease: a systematic review
    • Crowley, M.J., Diamantidis, C.J., McDuffie, J.R., et al. Clinical outcomes of metformin use in populations with chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, or chronic liver disease: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 166 (2017), 191–200.
    • (2017) Ann Intern Med , vol.166 , pp. 191-200
    • Crowley, M.J.1    Diamantidis, C.J.2    McDuffie, J.R.3
  • 60
    • 84860167144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reappraisal of metformin efficacy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • Boussageon, R., Supper, I., Bejan-Angoulvant, T., et al. Reappraisal of metformin efficacy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. PLoS Med, 9, 2012, e1001204.
    • (2012) PLoS Med , vol.9 , pp. e1001204
    • Boussageon, R.1    Supper, I.2    Bejan-Angoulvant, T.3
  • 61
    • 84884294190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines
    • Yancy, C.W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 62 (2013), e147–e239.
    • (2013) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.62 , pp. e147-e239
    • Yancy, C.W.1    Jessup, M.2    Bozkurt, B.3
  • 62
    • 0032511583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 352 (1998), 837–853.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 837-853
  • 63
    • 84946124911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects on clinical outcomes of adding dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors versus sulfonylureas to metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Ou, S.M., Shih, C.J., Chao, P.W., et al. Effects on clinical outcomes of adding dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors versus sulfonylureas to metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 163 (2015), 663–672.
    • (2015) Ann Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 663-672
    • Ou, S.M.1    Shih, C.J.2    Chao, P.W.3
  • 64
    • 84860117993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed oral antidiabetes drugs: retrospective cohort study using UK general practice research database
    • Tzoulaki, I., Molokhia, M., Curcin, V., et al. Risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed oral antidiabetes drugs: retrospective cohort study using UK general practice research database. BMJ, 339, 2009, b4731.
    • (2009) BMJ , vol.339 , pp. b4731
    • Tzoulaki, I.1    Molokhia, M.2    Curcin, V.3
  • 65
    • 67149142042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of therapies for type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease
    • BARI 2D Study Group, Frye, R.L., August, P., Brooks, M.M., et al. A randomized trial of therapies for type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 360 (2009), 2503–2515.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , pp. 2503-2515
    • Frye, R.L.1    August, P.2    Brooks, M.M.3
  • 66
    • 85019723199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin provision therapy and mortality in older adults with diabetes mellitus and stable ischemic heart disease: insights from BARI-2D trial
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Damluji, A.A., Cohen, E.R., Moscucci, M., et al. Insulin provision therapy and mortality in older adults with diabetes mellitus and stable ischemic heart disease: insights from BARI-2D trial. Int J Cardiol, 2017, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.048 [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2017) Int J Cardiol
    • Damluji, A.A.1    Cohen, E.R.2    Moscucci, M.3
  • 67
    • 12344272776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-treated diabetes is associated with a marked increase in mortality in patients with advanced heart failure
    • Smooke, S., Horwich, T.B., Fonarow, G.C., Insulin-treated diabetes is associated with a marked increase in mortality in patients with advanced heart failure. Am Heart J 149 (2005), 168–174.
    • (2005) Am Heart J , vol.149 , pp. 168-174
    • Smooke, S.1    Horwich, T.B.2    Fonarow, G.C.3
  • 68
    • 84864270406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia
    • ORIGIN Trial Investigators, Gerstein, H.C., Bosch, J., Dagenais, G.R., et al. Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia. N Engl J Med 367 (2012), 319–328.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 319-328
    • Gerstein, H.C.1    Bosch, J.2    Dagenais, G.R.3
  • 69
    • 85006721048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of insulin dosage with mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events: a retrospective cohort study
    • Gamble, J.M., Chibrikov, E., Twells, L.K., et al. Association of insulin dosage with mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 5 (2017), 43–52.
    • (2017) Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol , vol.5 , pp. 43-52
    • Gamble, J.M.1    Chibrikov, E.2    Twells, L.K.3
  • 70
    • 79953236112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones and risk of heart failure in patients with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials
    • Hernandez, A.V., Usmani, A., Rajamanickam, A., Moheet, A., Thiazolidinediones and risk of heart failure in patients with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 11 (2011), 115–128.
    • (2011) Am J Cardiovasc Drugs , vol.11 , pp. 115-128
    • Hernandez, A.V.1    Usmani, A.2    Rajamanickam, A.3    Moheet, A.4
  • 71
    • 85020476443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidance for industry: diabetes mellitus—evaluating cardiovascular risk in new antidiabetic therapies to treat type 2 diabetes
    • Available at: Accessed November 9
    • US Department of Health and Human Services. Guidance for industry: diabetes mellitus—evaluating cardiovascular risk in new antidiabetic therapies to treat type 2 diabetes. Available at: www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/ucm071627.pdf Accessed November 9, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 72
    • 84883765959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Scirica, B.M., Bhatt, D.L., Braunwald, E., et al. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 369 (2013), 1317–1326.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 1317-1326
    • Scirica, B.M.1    Bhatt, D.L.2    Braunwald, E.3
  • 73
    • 84883745765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alogliptin after acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • White, W.B., Cannon, C.P., Heller, S.R., et al. Alogliptin after acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 369 (2013), 1327–1335.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 1327-1335
    • White, W.B.1    Cannon, C.P.2    Heller, S.R.3
  • 74
    • 84937053742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes
    • Green, J.B., Bethel, M.A., Armstrong, P.W., et al. Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 373 (2015), 232–242.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.373 , pp. 232-242
    • Green, J.B.1    Bethel, M.A.2    Armstrong, P.W.3
  • 75
    • 84917723836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure, saxagliptin, and diabetes mellitus: observations from the SAVOR-TIMI 53 randomized trial
    • Scirica, B.M., Braunwald, E., Raz, I., et al. Heart failure, saxagliptin, and diabetes mellitus: observations from the SAVOR-TIMI 53 randomized trial. Circulation 130 (2014), 1579–1588.
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.130 , pp. 1579-1588
    • Scirica, B.M.1    Braunwald, E.2    Raz, I.3
  • 76
    • 85012105540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors with mortality in hospitalized heart failure patients with diabetes mellitus
    • Sato, A., Yoshihisa, A., Kanno, Y., et al. Associations of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors with mortality in hospitalized heart failure patients with diabetes mellitus. ESC Heart Fail 3 (2016), 77–85.
    • (2016) ESC Heart Fail , vol.3 , pp. 77-85
    • Sato, A.1    Yoshihisa, A.2    Kanno, Y.3
  • 77
    • 84973495982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk for hospitalized heart failure among new users of saxagliptin, sitagliptin, and other antihyperglycemic drugs: a retrospective cohort study
    • Toh, S., Hampp, C., Reichman, M.E., et al. Risk for hospitalized heart failure among new users of saxagliptin, sitagliptin, and other antihyperglycemic drugs: a retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med 164 (2016), 705–714.
    • (2016) Ann Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 705-714
    • Toh, S.1    Hampp, C.2    Reichman, M.E.3
  • 78
    • 84962323033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter observational study of incretin-based drugs and heart failure
    • Filion, K.B., Azoulay, L., Platt, R.W., et al. A multicenter observational study of incretin-based drugs and heart failure. N Engl J Med 374 (2016), 1145–1154.
    • (2016) N Engl J Med , vol.374 , pp. 1145-1154
    • Filion, K.B.1    Azoulay, L.2    Platt, R.W.3
  • 79
    • 84870054636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLP-1 receptor agonists for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Meier, J.J., GLP-1 receptor agonists for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 8 (2012), 728–742.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Endocrinol , vol.8 , pp. 728-742
    • Meier, J.J.1
  • 80
    • 84948740668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lixisenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome
    • Pfeffer, M.A., Claggett, B., Diaz, R., et al. Lixisenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med 373 (2015), 2247–2257.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.373 , pp. 2247-2257
    • Pfeffer, M.A.1    Claggett, B.2    Diaz, R.3
  • 81
    • 57649232757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular, pharmacological and clinical aspects of liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue
    • Russell-Jones, D., Molecular, pharmacological and clinical aspects of liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue. Mol Cell Endocrinol 297 (2009), 137–140.
    • (2009) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.297 , pp. 137-140
    • Russell-Jones, D.1
  • 82
    • 84942280009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of the once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue semaglutide
    • Lau, J., Bloch, P., Schaffer, L., et al. Discovery of the once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue semaglutide. J Med Chem 58 (2015), 7370–7380.
    • (2015) J Med Chem , vol.58 , pp. 7370-7380
    • Lau, J.1    Bloch, P.2    Schaffer, L.3
  • 83
    • 84978839381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes
    • Marso, S.P., Daniels, G.H., Brown-Frandsen, K., et al. Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 375 (2016), 311–322.
    • (2016) N Engl J Med , vol.375 , pp. 311-322
    • Marso, S.P.1    Daniels, G.H.2    Brown-Frandsen, K.3
  • 84
    • 84994813253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Marso, S.P., Bain, S.C., Consoli, A., et al. Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 375 (2016), 1834–1844.
    • (2016) N Engl J Med , vol.375 , pp. 1834-1844
    • Marso, S.P.1    Bain, S.C.2    Consoli, A.3
  • 85
    • 84856014919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of incretin-based therapies
    • Lehrke, M., Marx, N., Cardiovascular effects of incretin-based therapies. Rev Diabet Stud 8 (2011), 382–391.
    • (2011) Rev Diabet Stud , vol.8 , pp. 382-391
    • Lehrke, M.1    Marx, N.2
  • 86
    • 84982082404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of liraglutide on clinical stability among patients with advanced heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial
    • Margulies, K.B., Hernandez, A.F., Redfield, M.M., et al. Effects of liraglutide on clinical stability among patients with advanced heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 316 (2016), 500–508.
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.316 , pp. 500-508
    • Margulies, K.B.1    Hernandez, A.F.2    Redfield, M.M.3
  • 87
    • 84996938099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on left ventricular function in stable chronic heart failure patients with and without diabetes (LIVE)-a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
    • Jorsal, A., Kistorp, C., Holmager, P., et al. Effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on left ventricular function in stable chronic heart failure patients with and without diabetes (LIVE)-a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Heart Fail 19 (2017), 69–77.
    • (2017) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.19 , pp. 69-77
    • Jorsal, A.1    Kistorp, C.2    Holmager, P.3
  • 88
    • 84962068591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the novel long-acting GLP-1 agonist, albiglutide, on cardiac function, cardiac metabolism, and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
    • Lepore, J.J., Olson, E., Demopoulos, L., et al. Effects of the novel long-acting GLP-1 agonist, albiglutide, on cardiac function, cardiac metabolism, and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. JACC Heart Fail 4 (2016), 559–566.
    • (2016) JACC Heart Fail , vol.4 , pp. 559-566
    • Lepore, J.J.1    Olson, E.2    Demopoulos, L.3
  • 89
    • 84944800184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes
    • Zinman, B., Wanner, C., Lachin, J.M., et al. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 373 (2015), 2117–2128.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.373 , pp. 2117-2128
    • Zinman, B.1    Wanner, C.2    Lachin, J.M.3
  • 90
    • 84975698839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure outcomes with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk: results of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial
    • Fitchett, D., Zinman, B., Wanner, C., et al. Heart failure outcomes with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk: results of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Eur Heart J 37 (2016), 1526–1534.
    • (2016) Eur Heart J , vol.37 , pp. 1526-1534
    • Fitchett, D.1    Zinman, B.2    Wanner, C.3
  • 91
    • 84975853831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CV protection in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial: a “thrifty substrate” hypothesis
    • Ferrannini, E., Mark, M., Mayoux, E., CV protection in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial: a “thrifty substrate” hypothesis. Diabetes Care 39 (2016), 1108–1114.
    • (2016) Diabetes Care , vol.39 , pp. 1108-1114
    • Ferrannini, E.1    Mark, M.2    Mayoux, E.3
  • 92
    • 85015765803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition for the reduction of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus
    • Marx, N., McGuire, D.K., Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition for the reduction of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 37 (2016), 3192–3200.
    • (2016) Eur Heart J , vol.37 , pp. 3192-3200
    • Marx, N.1    McGuire, D.K.2
  • 93
    • 0032511566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34)
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 352 (1998), 854–865.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 854-865


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.