메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 188, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 342-352

Progressive multi-focal leucoencephalopathy – driven from rarity to clinical mainstream by iatrogenic immunodeficiency

Author keywords

cell trafficking; EAE MS; immunodeficiency diseases; neuroimmunology; viral

Indexed keywords

ALEMTUZUMAB; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT; BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN; ECULIZUMAB; EFALIZUMAB; FINGOLIMOD; FUMARIC ACID DIMETHYL ESTER; FUMARIC ACID ESTER; IBRUTINIB; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; NATALIZUMAB; RITUXIMAB; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 85017376722     PISSN: 00099104     EISSN: 13652249     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/cei.12948     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (20)

References (102)
  • 1
    • 77957184066 scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a hitherto unrecognised complication of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and Hogkin's disease
    • Astrom KE, Mansell EL, Richardson EP Jr. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a hitherto unrecognised complication of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and Hogkin's disease. Brain 1958; 81:93–111.
    • (1958) Brain , vol.81 , pp. 93-111
    • Astrom, K.E.1    Mansell, E.L.2    Richardson, E.P.3
  • 2
    • 0015232447 scopus 로고
    • Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Padgett BL, Walker DL, ZuRhein GM, Eckroade RJ, Dessel BH. Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Lancet 1971; 1:1257–60.
    • (1971) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1257-1260
    • Padgett, B.L.1    Walker, D.L.2    ZuRhein, G.M.3    Eckroade, R.J.4    Dessel, B.H.5
  • 3
    • 0026751888 scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, sclerosing cholangitis, bronchiectasis and disseminated warts in a patient with primary combined immune deficiency
    • Misbah SA, Spickett GP, Zeman A et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, sclerosing cholangitis, bronchiectasis and disseminated warts in a patient with primary combined immune deficiency. J Clin Path 1992; 45:624–7.
    • (1992) J Clin Path , vol.45 , pp. 624-627
    • Misbah, S.A.1    Spickett, G.P.2    Zeman, A.3
  • 4
    • 0035104810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JC virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in individuals with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Koralnik IJ, Du Pasquier RA, Letvin NL. JC virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in individuals with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Virol 2001; 75:3483–7.
    • (2001) J Virol , vol.75 , pp. 3483-3487
    • Koralnik, I.J.1    Du Pasquier, R.A.2    Letvin, N.L.3
  • 6
    • 0028239405 scopus 로고
    • Infection of human polyoma viruses JC and BK in peripheral blood leucocytes from immunocompetent individuals
    • Dorries K, Vogel E, Gunther S, Czub S. Infection of human polyoma viruses JC and BK in peripheral blood leucocytes from immunocompetent individuals. Virology 1994; 198:59–70.
    • (1994) Virology , vol.198 , pp. 59-70
    • Dorries, K.1    Vogel, E.2    Gunther, S.3    Czub, S.4
  • 7
    • 84888048177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-HT2 receptors facilitate JC polyoma virus entry
    • Assetta B, Maginnis MS, Ahufinger IG et al. 5-HT2 receptors facilitate JC polyoma virus entry. J Virol 2013; 87:13490–8.
    • (2013) J Virol , vol.87 , pp. 13490-13498
    • Assetta, B.1    Maginnis, M.S.2    Ahufinger, I.G.3
  • 8
    • 84900472393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JC virus in CD34+ and CD19+ cells in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab
    • Frohman EM, Monaco MC, Remington G et al. JC virus in CD34+ and CD19+ cells in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab. JAMA Neurol 2014; 71:596–602.
    • (2014) JAMA Neurol , vol.71 , pp. 596-602
    • Frohman, E.M.1    Monaco, M.C.2    Remington, G.3
  • 9
    • 84903700329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JC virus reactivation during prolonged natalizumab monotherapy for multiple sclerosis
    • Chalkias S, Dang X, Bord E et al. JC virus reactivation during prolonged natalizumab monotherapy for multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2014; 75:925–34.
    • (2014) Ann Neurol , vol.75 , pp. 925-934
    • Chalkias, S.1    Dang, X.2    Bord, E.3
  • 10
    • 84907512225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of CD34+ cells as a reservoir for JC virus in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Warnke C, Adams O, Kieseier B. Relevance of CD34+ cells as a reservoir for JC virus in patients with multiple sclerosis. JAMA Neurol 2014; 71:1192.
    • (2014) JAMA Neurol , vol.71 , pp. 1192
    • Warnke, C.1    Adams, O.2    Kieseier, B.3
  • 11
    • 55849085378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of JC virus DNA fragments but not proteins in normal brain tissue
    • Perez-Liz G, Del Valle L, Gentilella A, Croul S, Khalili K. Detection of JC virus DNA fragments but not proteins in normal brain tissue. Ann Neurol 2008; 64:379–87.
    • (2008) Ann Neurol , vol.64 , pp. 379-387
    • Perez-Liz, G.1    Del Valle, L.2    Gentilella, A.3    Croul, S.4    Khalili, K.5
  • 12
    • 77949375380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients on immunomodulatory therapies
    • Major EO. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients on immunomodulatory therapies. Ann Rev Med 2010; 61:35–47.
    • (2010) Ann Rev Med , vol.61 , pp. 35-47
    • Major, E.O.1
  • 13
    • 0032898858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Archetypal and rearranged sequences of human polyoma virus JC transcription control region in peripheral blood leucocytes and in cerebrospinal fluid
    • D
    • Ciappi S, Azzi A, De Santis R et al. Archetypal and rearranged sequences of human polyoma virus JC transcription control region in peripheral blood leucocytes and in cerebrospinal fluid. J Gen Virol 1999; 80:1017–23.
    • (1999) J Gen Virol , vol.80 , pp. 1017-1023
    • Ciappi, S.1    Azzi, A.2    Santis, R.3
  • 14
    • 84920767637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JC virus quasispecies analysis reveals a complex viral population underlying progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and supports viral dissemination via the haematogenous route
    • Van Loy T, Thys K, Ryschkewitsch C et al. JC virus quasispecies analysis reveals a complex viral population underlying progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and supports viral dissemination via the haematogenous route. J Virol 2015; 89:1340–7.
    • (2015) J Virol , vol.89 , pp. 1340-1347
    • Van Loy, T.1    Thys, K.2    Ryschkewitsch, C.3
  • 15
    • 0030952823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of CSF-specific oligoclonal antibodies to recombinant JC virus VP1 in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Sindic CJ, Trebst C, Van Antwerpen MP et al. Detection of CSF-specific oligoclonal antibodies to recombinant JC virus VP1 in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neuroimmunol 1997; 76:100–4.
    • (1997) J Neuroimmunol , vol.76 , pp. 100-104
    • Sindic, C.J.1    Trebst, C.2    Van Antwerpen, M.P.3
  • 16
    • 0028027720 scopus 로고
    • The intrathecal synthesis of virus-specific oligoclonal IgG in multiple sclerosis
    • Sindic CJ, Monteyne P, Laterre EC. The intrathecal synthesis of virus-specific oligoclonal IgG in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 1994; 54:75–80.
    • (1994) J Neuroimmunol , vol.54 , pp. 75-80
    • Sindic, C.J.1    Monteyne, P.2    Laterre, E.C.3
  • 17
    • 0029134035 scopus 로고
    • Affinity of antigen-specific IgG distinguishes multiple sclerosis from encephalitis
    • Luxton RW, Zeman A, Holzel H et al. Affinity of antigen-specific IgG distinguishes multiple sclerosis from encephalitis. J Neurol Sci 1995; 132:11–9.
    • (1995) J Neurol Sci , vol.132 , pp. 11-19
    • Luxton, R.W.1    Zeman, A.2    Holzel, H.3
  • 18
    • 0036136313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of prolonged survival in HLA-A2+ progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy patients with a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response specific for a commonly recognised JC virus epitope
    • Koralnik IJ, Du Pasquier RA, Kuroda MJ et al. Association of prolonged survival in HLA-A2+ progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy patients with a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response specific for a commonly recognised JC virus epitope. J Immunol 2002; 168:499–504.
    • (2002) J Immunol , vol.168 , pp. 499-504
    • Koralnik, I.J.1    Du Pasquier, R.A.2    Kuroda, M.J.3
  • 19
    • 4344600302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study demonstrates an association between JC virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the early control of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy
    • Du Pasquier RA, Kuroda MJ, Zheng Y, Jean-Jacques J, Letvin NL, Koralnik IJ. A prospective study demonstrates an association between JC virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the early control of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy. Brain 2004; 127:1970–8.
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , pp. 1970-1978
    • Du Pasquier, R.A.1    Kuroda, M.J.2    Zheng, Y.3    Jean-Jacques, J.4    Letvin, N.L.5    Koralnik, I.J.6
  • 20
    • 33746822397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of lymphocytic infiltrates in progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy: co-localization of CD8 T cells with JCV-infected glial cells
    • Wuthrich C, Kesari S, Kim WK et al. Characterization of lymphocytic infiltrates in progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy: co-localization of CD8 T cells with JCV-infected glial cells. J Neurovirol 2006; 12:116–28.
    • (2006) J Neurovirol , vol.12 , pp. 116-128
    • Wuthrich, C.1    Kesari, S.2    Kim, W.K.3
  • 21
    • 79960418196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses against JC virus in the outcome of patients with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) and PML with immune reconstitution syndrome
    • Gheuens S, Bard E, Kesari S et al. Role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses against JC virus in the outcome of patients with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) and PML with immune reconstitution syndrome. J Virol 2011; 85:7256–63.
    • (2011) J Virol , vol.85 , pp. 7256-7263
    • Gheuens, S.1    Bard, E.2    Kesari, S.3
  • 22
    • 80052942855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central role of JC virus-specific CD4+ lymphocytes in PML-immune reconstitution syndrome
    • Aly L, Yousef S, Schippling S et al. Central role of JC virus-specific CD4+ lymphocytes in PML-immune reconstitution syndrome. Brain 2011; 134:2687–702.
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 2687-2702
    • Aly, L.1    Yousef, S.2    Schippling, S.3
  • 23
    • 84866564112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TCR bias and HLA cross-restriction are strategies of human brain-infiltrating JC virus specific CD4+ T cells during viral infection
    • Yousef S, Planas R, Chakroun K et al. TCR bias and HLA cross-restriction are strategies of human brain-infiltrating JC virus specific CD4+ T cells during viral infection. J Immunol 2012; 189:3618–30.
    • (2012) J Immunol , vol.189 , pp. 3618-3630
    • Yousef, S.1    Planas, R.2    Chakroun, K.3
  • 24
    • 84977134209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type I interferons regulate the magnitude and functionality of mouse polyomavirus-specific CD8 T cells in a virus strain-dependent manner
    • Qin Q, Shwetank, Frost EL, Maru S, Lukacher AE. Type I interferons regulate the magnitude and functionality of mouse polyomavirus-specific CD8 T cells in a virus strain-dependent manner. J Virol 2016; 90:5187–99.
    • (2016) J Virol , vol.90 , pp. 5187-5199
    • Qin, Q.1    Shwetank2    Frost, E.L.3    Maru, S.4    Lukacher, A.E.5
  • 25
    • 39149139287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon β1-a and selective anti-5HT2a receptor antagonists inhibit infection of human glial cells by JC virus
    • O'Hara BA, Atwood WJ. Interferon β1-a and selective anti-5HT2a receptor antagonists inhibit infection of human glial cells by JC virus. Virus Research 2008; 132:97–103.
    • (2008) Virus Research , vol.132 , pp. 97-103
    • O'Hara, B.A.1    Atwood, W.J.2
  • 26
    • 84986559324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JC polyomavirus infection of primary human renal epithelial cells is controlled by a type I IFN-induced response
    • Assetta B, De Cecco M, O'Hara B, Atwood WJ. JC polyomavirus infection of primary human renal epithelial cells is controlled by a type I IFN-induced response. mBio 2016; 7:e00903-16
    • (2016) mBio , vol.7 , pp. e00903-e00916
    • Assetta, B.1    De Cecco, M.2    O'Hara, B.3    Atwood, W.J.4
  • 27
    • 34047148541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JC virus viraemia in interferon-β-treated and untreated Italian multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls
    • Delbue S, Guerini FR, Mancuso R et al. JC virus viraemia in interferon-β-treated and untreated Italian multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls. J Neurovirol 2007; 13:73–7.
    • (2007) J Neurovirol , vol.13 , pp. 73-77
    • Delbue, S.1    Guerini, F.R.2    Mancuso, R.3
  • 28
    • 84964854355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in primary immune deficiencies: STAT-1 gain of function and review of the literature
    • Zerbe CS, Marciano BE, Katial RK et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in primary immune deficiencies: STAT-1 gain of function and review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 62:986–94.
    • (2016) Clin Infect Dis , vol.62 , pp. 986-994
    • Zerbe, C.S.1    Marciano, B.E.2    Katial, R.K.3
  • 29
    • 84864313687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased programmed cell death-1 expression on T lymphocytes of patients with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy
    • Tan CS, Bord E, Broge TA Jr et al. Increased programmed cell death-1 expression on T lymphocytes of patients with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy. J Acquir Immune Def Syn 2012; 60:244–8.
    • (2012) J Acquir Immune Def Syn , vol.60 , pp. 244-248
    • Tan, C.S.1    Bord, E.2    Broge, T.A.3
  • 30
    • 84876266893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML diagnostic criteria. Consensus statement from the American Academy for Neurology Neuroinfectious Disease Section
    • Berger JR, Aksamit AJ, Clifford DB et al. PML diagnostic criteria. Consensus statement from the American Academy for Neurology Neuroinfectious Disease Section. Neurology 2013; 80:1430–8.
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.80 , pp. 1430-1438
    • Berger, J.R.1    Aksamit, A.J.2    Clifford, D.B.3
  • 31
    • 84864824084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case definition for progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy following treatment with monoclonal antibodies
    • Mentzer D, Prestel J, Adams O et al. Case definition for progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy following treatment with monoclonal antibodies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012; 83:927–33.
    • (2012) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.83 , pp. 927-933
    • Mentzer, D.1    Prestel, J.2    Adams, O.3
  • 32
    • 34547488545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML in rheumatic diseases: evolving clinical and pathologic patterns of disease
    • Calabrese LH, Molloy ES, Huang D, Ransohoff RM. PML in rheumatic diseases: evolving clinical and pathologic patterns of disease. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56:2116–28.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , pp. 2116-2128
    • Calabrese, L.H.1    Molloy, E.S.2    Huang, D.3    Ransohoff, R.M.4
  • 33
    • 56349103348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML in patients with rheumatic diseases: are patients with SLE at particular risk?
    • Molloy ES, Calabrese LH. PML in patients with rheumatic diseases: are patients with SLE at particular risk? Autoimmunity Rev 2008; 8:144–6.
    • (2008) Autoimmunity Rev , vol.8 , pp. 144-146
    • Molloy, E.S.1    Calabrese, L.H.2
  • 34
    • 0026506799 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by antibodies against α4β1 integrin
    • Yednock TA, Cannon C, Fritz LC, Sanchez-Madrid F, Steinman L, Karin N. Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by antibodies against α4β1 integrin. Nature 1992; 356:63–6.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 63-66
    • Yednock, T.A.1    Cannon, C.2    Fritz, L.C.3    Sanchez-Madrid, F.4    Steinman, L.5    Karin, N.6
  • 36
    • 22844439662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML complicating treatment with Natalizumab and interferon β-1a for multiple sclerosis
    • Kleinschmidt-De Masters BK, Tyler KL. PML complicating treatment with Natalizumab and interferon β-1a for multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:369–74.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 369-374
    • Kleinschmidt-De Masters, B.K.1    Tyler, K.L.2
  • 37
    • 33644605483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of patients treated with Natalizumab for PML
    • Yousry TA, Major EO, Ryschkewitsch C et al. Evaluation of patients treated with Natalizumab for PML. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:924–33.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 924-933
    • Yousry, T.A.1    Major, E.O.2    Ryschkewitsch, C.3
  • 38
    • 84957539597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reassessing the risk of natalizumab-associated PML
    • Berger JR, Fox RJ. Reassessing the risk of natalizumab-associated PML. J Neurovirol 2016; 22:533–5.
    • (2016) J Neurovirol , vol.22 , pp. 533-535
    • Berger, J.R.1    Fox, R.J.2
  • 39
    • 84890541041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple sclerosis
    • Chalkley JJ, Berger JR. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple sclerosis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2013; 13:408.
    • (2013) Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep , vol.13 , pp. 408
    • Chalkley, J.J.1    Berger, J.R.2
  • 40
    • 84857043047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD49d expression as a promising biomarker to monitor natalizumab efficacy
    • Defer G, Mariotte D, Derache N et al. CD49d expression as a promising biomarker to monitor natalizumab efficacy. J Neurol Sci 2012; 314:138–42.
    • (2012) J Neurol Sci , vol.314 , pp. 138-142
    • Defer, G.1    Mariotte, D.2    Derache, N.3
  • 41
    • 84884619479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-selectin is a possible biomarker for individual PML risk in natalizumab-treated MS patients
    • Schwab N, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Posevitz V et al. L-selectin is a possible biomarker for individual PML risk in natalizumab-treated MS patients. Neurology 2013; 81:865–71.
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 865-871
    • Schwab, N.1    Schneider-Hohendorf, T.2    Posevitz, V.3
  • 42
    • 85002996836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD62L test at 2 years of Natalizumab predicts progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Pignolet B, Schwab N, Schneider-Hohendorf T et al. CD62L test at 2 years of Natalizumab predicts progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 2016; 87:1–3.
    • (2016) Neurology , vol.87 , pp. 1-3
    • Pignolet, B.1    Schwab, N.2    Schneider-Hohendorf, T.3
  • 43
    • 84956716000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD62L is not a reliable marker for predicting PML risk in natalizumab-treated relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients
    • Lieberman LA, Zeng W, Singh C et al. CD62L is not a reliable marker for predicting PML risk in natalizumab-treated relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Neurology 2016; 86:375–81.
    • (2016) Neurology , vol.86 , pp. 375-381
    • Lieberman, L.A.1    Zeng, W.2    Singh, C.3
  • 44
    • 84960145681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety of vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
    • [Epub ahead of print
    • Colombel JF, Sands BE, Rutgeerts P et al. The safety of vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Gut 2016; pii: gutjnl-2015-311079. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-311079. [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2016) Gut
    • Colombel, J.F.1    Sands, B.E.2    Rutgeerts, P.3
  • 45
    • 67651158993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibody-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients treated with rituximab, natalizumab and efalizumab: a review from the research on adverse drug events and reports (RADAR) project
    • Crason KR, Focosi D, Major EO et al. Monoclonal antibody-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients treated with rituximab, natalizumab and efalizumab: a review from the research on adverse drug events and reports (RADAR) project. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10:816–24.
    • (2009) Lancet Oncol , vol.10 , pp. 816-824
    • Crason, K.R.1    Focosi, D.2    Major, E.O.3
  • 46
    • 84858146335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal PML associated with efalizumab therapy – insights into integrin αLβ2 in JC virus control
    • Schwab N, Ulzheimer JC, Fox RJ et al. Fatal PML associated with efalizumab therapy – insights into integrin αLβ2 in JC virus control. Neurology 2012; 78:458–67.
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.78 , pp. 458-467
    • Schwab, N.1    Ulzheimer, J.C.2    Fox, R.J.3
  • 47
    • 68949107635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, efalizumab and immunosuppression – a cautionary tale for dermatologists
    • Korman BD, Tyler KL, Korman NJ. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, efalizumab and immunosuppression – a cautionary tale for dermatologists. Arch Dermatol 2009; 145:937–42.
    • (2009) Arch Dermatol , vol.145 , pp. 937-942
    • Korman, B.D.1    Tyler, K.L.2    Korman, N.J.3
  • 48
    • 84942373937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive neurologic dysfunction in a psoriasis patient treated with dimethyl fumarate
    • Bartsch T, Rempe T, Wrede A et al. Progressive neurologic dysfunction in a psoriasis patient treated with dimethyl fumarate. Ann Neurol 2015; 78:501–14.
    • (2015) Ann Neurol , vol.78 , pp. 501-514
    • Bartsch, T.1    Rempe, T.2    Wrede, A.3
  • 49
    • 84927144781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML in a patient without severe lymphocytopenia receiving dimethyl fumarate
    • Nieuwkamp DJ, Murk JL, van Oosten BW et al. PML in a patient without severe lymphocytopenia receiving dimethyl fumarate. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:1474–6.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , pp. 1474-1476
    • Nieuwkamp, D.J.1    Murk, J.L.2    van Oosten, B.W.3
  • 50
    • 85018525287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA Alert Rituximab-PML [12/, (accessed 1 November 2016)
    • US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Alert Rituximab-PML [12/ 2006]. Available at: www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/…/ucm126519.htm (accessed 1 November 2016).
    • (2006)
  • 51
    • 85018515452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA Alert Rituximab-PML posted 23.10., (accessed 1 November 2016)
    • US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Alert Rituximab-PML posted 23.10. 2009 https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/UCM187792.pdf (accessed 1 November 2016).
    • (2009)
  • 52
    • 77958572934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients without HIV
    • Amend KL, Turnbull B, Foskett N, Napalkov P, Kurth T, Seeger J. Incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients without HIV. Neurology 2010; 75:1326–32.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.75 , pp. 1326-1332
    • Amend, K.L.1    Turnbull, B.2    Foskett, N.3    Napalkov, P.4    Kurth, T.5    Seeger, J.6
  • 53
    • 80052777262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Clifford DB, Ances B, Costello C et al. Rituximab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Neurol 2011; 68:1156–64.
    • (2011) Arch Neurol , vol.68 , pp. 1156-1164
    • Clifford, D.B.1    Ances, B.2    Costello, C.3
  • 54
    • 84886790652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab-induced T cell depletion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: association with clinical response
    • Melet J, Mulleman D, Goupille P, Ribourtout B, Watier H, Thibault G. Rituximab-induced T cell depletion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: association with clinical response. Arthritis Rheum 2013; 65:2783–90.
    • (2013) Arthritis Rheum , vol.65 , pp. 2783-2790
    • Melet, J.1    Mulleman, D.2    Goupille, P.3    Ribourtout, B.4    Watier, H.5    Thibault, G.6
  • 55
    • 73249115641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depletion of functionally active CD20+ T cells by rituximab treatment
    • Wilk E, Witte T, Marquardt N et al. Depletion of functionally active CD20+ T cells by rituximab treatment. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 60:3563–71.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.60 , pp. 3563-3571
    • Wilk, E.1    Witte, T.2    Marquardt, N.3
  • 56
    • 84975318326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of cases of PML associated with new biologicals and targeted cancer therapies from the FDA's adverse drug reporting system
    • Raisch DW, Rafi JA, Cheng C, Bennett CL. Detection of cases of PML associated with new biologicals and targeted cancer therapies from the FDA's adverse drug reporting system. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2016; 15:1003–11.
    • (2016) Expert Opin Drug Saf , vol.15 , pp. 1003-1011
    • Raisch, D.W.1    Rafi, J.A.2    Cheng, C.3    Bennett, C.L.4
  • 57
    • 84905667133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with brentuximab vedotin therapy – a report of 5 cases from the Southern Network on Adverse Reactions (SONAR) project
    • Carson KR, Newsome SD, Kim EJ et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with brentuximab vedotin therapy – a report of 5 cases from the Southern Network on Adverse Reactions (SONAR) project. Cancer 2014; 120:2464–71.
    • (2014) Cancer , vol.120 , pp. 2464-2471
    • Carson, K.R.1    Newsome, S.D.2    Kim, E.J.3
  • 59
    • 70349172267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy: targeted but not trouble-free
    • Molloy ES, Calabrese LH. Therapy: targeted but not trouble-free. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2009; 5:418–9.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Rheumatol , vol.5 , pp. 418-419
    • Molloy, E.S.1    Calabrese, L.H.2
  • 60
    • 84892706368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with CLL treated with alemtuzumab
    • Isidoro L, Pires P, Rito L, Cordeiro G. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with CLL treated with alemtuzumab. BMJ Case Rep 2014; 2014: bcr2013201781.
    • (2014) BMJ Case Rep , vol.2014
    • Isidoro, L.1    Pires, P.2    Rito, L.3    Cordeiro, G.4
  • 61
    • 85018487828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in CLL: a report of three cases and review of the literature
    • D'Souza A, Wilson J, Mukherjee S, Jaiyesimi I. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in CLL: a report of three cases and review of the literature. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2010; 4:e2012043.
    • (2010) Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk , vol.4
    • D'Souza, A.1    Wilson, J.2    Mukherjee, S.3    Jaiyesimi, I.4
  • 62
    • 62949120130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following heightened immunosuppression after lung transplant
    • Waggoner J, Martinu T, Palmer SM. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following heightened immunosuppression after lung transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009; 28:395–8.
    • (2009) J Heart Lung Transplant , vol.28 , pp. 395-398
    • Waggoner, J.1    Martinu, T.2    Palmer, S.M.3
  • 63
    • 84984655351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease modifying therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • Wingerchuk DM, Weinshenker BG. Disease modifying therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis. Br Med J 2016; 354:i3518.
    • (2016) Br Med J , vol.354 , pp. i3518
    • Wingerchuk, D.M.1    Weinshenker, B.G.2
  • 64
    • 84921319094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis: long term safety and efficacy
    • Tuohy O, Costelloe L, Hill-Cawthorne G et al. Alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis: long term safety and efficacy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86:208–15.
    • (2015) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.86 , pp. 208-215
    • Tuohy, O.1    Costelloe, L.2    Hill-Cawthorne, G.3
  • 65
    • 84890285333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human autoimmunity after lymphocyte depletion is caused by homeostatic T cell proliferation
    • Jones JL, Thompson SA, Loh P et al. Human autoimmunity after lymphocyte depletion is caused by homeostatic T cell proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2013; 110:20200–5.
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.110 , pp. 20200-20205
    • Jones, J.L.1    Thompson, S.A.2    Loh, P.3
  • 67
    • 78249286239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in a patient treated with infliximab
    • Kumar D, Bouldin TW, Berger RG. A case of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in a patient treated with infliximab. Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62:3191–5.
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheum , vol.62 , pp. 3191-3195
    • Kumar, D.1    Bouldin, T.W.2    Berger, R.G.3
  • 68
    • 84990038846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy associated with infliximab
    • Sammut L, Wallis D, Holroyd C. Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy associated with infliximab. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2016; 46:163–5.
    • (2016) J R Coll Physicians Edinb , vol.46 , pp. 163-165
    • Sammut, L.1    Wallis, D.2    Holroyd, C.3
  • 69
    • 84902279363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case report of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) associated with adalimumab
    • Ray M, Curtis JR, Baddley JW. A case report of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) associated with adalimumab. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73:1429–30.
    • (2014) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.73 , pp. 1429-1430
    • Ray, M.1    Curtis, J.R.2    Baddley, J.W.3
  • 71
    • 0345732760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethyl fumarate is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human T cells
    • Treumer F, Zhu K, Glaser R, Mrowietz U. Dimethyl fumarate is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human T cells. J Invest Dermatol 2003; 121:1383–8.
    • (2003) J Invest Dermatol , vol.121 , pp. 1383-1388
    • Treumer, F.1    Zhu, K.2    Glaser, R.3    Mrowietz, U.4
  • 73
    • 0035132636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethylfumarate is an inhibitor of cytokine-induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB1, but not ReIA in normal human dermal fibroblast cells
    • Vandermeeren M, Janssens S, Wouters H et al. Dimethylfumarate is an inhibitor of cytokine-induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB1, but not ReIA in normal human dermal fibroblast cells. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 116:124–30.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol , vol.116 , pp. 124-130
    • Vandermeeren, M.1    Janssens, S.2    Wouters, H.3
  • 74
    • 38149083332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethy fumarate reduces leukocyte rolling in vivo through modulation of adhesion molecule expression
    • Rubant SA, Ludwig RJ, Diehl S et al. Dimethy fumarate reduces leukocyte rolling in vivo through modulation of adhesion molecule expression. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 128:326–31.
    • (2008) J Invest Dermatol , vol.128 , pp. 326-331
    • Rubant, S.A.1    Ludwig, R.J.2    Diehl, S.3
  • 75
    • 84876539679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML in a patient treated with fumaric acid
    • Ermis U, Weis J, Schulz JB. PML in a patient treated with fumaric acid. N Engl J Med 2013; 368:1657–8.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.368 , pp. 1657-1658
    • Ermis, U.1    Weis, J.2    Schulz, J.B.3
  • 77
    • 84927155177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML in a patient with lymphocytopenia treated with dimethyl fumarate
    • Rosenkranz T, Novas M, Terborg C. PML in a patient with lymphocytopenia treated with dimethyl fumarate. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:1476–8.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , pp. 1476-1478
    • Rosenkranz, T.1    Novas, M.2    Terborg, C.3
  • 79
    • 85018465745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing absolute lymphocyte count profiles in dimethyl fumarate-treated patients with MS
    • Fox RJ, Chan A, Gold R et al. Characterizing absolute lymphocyte count profiles in dimethyl fumarate-treated patients with MS. Neurology Clin Pract 2016; 6:1–10.
    • (2016) Neurology Clin Pract , vol.6 , pp. 1-10
    • Fox, R.J.1    Chan, A.2    Gold, R.3
  • 81
    • 84999280602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sphingosine-1- phosphate receptor: a novel therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases
    • Draayer YM, Sarazin J, Fox D, Schiopu E. The sphingosine-1- phosphate receptor: a novel therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. Clin Immunol 2017; 175:10–5.
    • (2017) Clin Immunol , vol.175 , pp. 10-15
    • Draayer, Y.M.1    Sarazin, J.2    Fox, D.3    Schiopu, E.4
  • 82
    • 85018480645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New recommendations to minimise risk of the rare brain infection PML and a type of skin cancer with Gilenya., (accessed 13 December 2016)
    • European Medicines Agency. New recommendations to minimise risk of the rare brain infection PML and a type of skin cancer with Gilenya. Available at: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2015/12/news_detail_002447.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058004d5c1 (accessed 13 December 2016).
  • 83
    • 61549088471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic, clinical and radiologic status 14 months after cessation of Natalizumab therapy
    • Stuve O, Cravens PD, Frohman EM et al. Immunologic, clinical and radiologic status 14 months after cessation of Natalizumab therapy. Neurology 2009; 72:396–401.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , pp. 396-401
    • Stuve, O.1    Cravens, P.D.2    Frohman, E.M.3
  • 84
    • 85018482758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after Ibrutinib treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
    • Lutz M, Schulze AB, Rebber E et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after Ibrutinib treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Cancer Res Treat 2016; doi 10.4143.
    • (2016) Cancer Res Treat
    • Lutz, M.1    Schulze, A.B.2    Rebber, E.3
  • 85
    • 84997701866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy among ibrutinib-treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
    • Bennett CL, Berger JR, Sartor O et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy among ibrutinib-treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haem 2016; doi 10.1111/bjh 14322
    • (2016) Br J Haem
    • Bennett, C.L.1    Berger, J.R.2    Sartor, O.3
  • 86
    • 84888216911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ibrutinib is an irreversible inhibitor of ITK driving a TH1-selective pressure in T lymphocytes
    • Dobovsky JA, Beckwith KA, Natarajan G et al. Ibrutinib is an irreversible inhibitor of ITK driving a TH1-selective pressure in T lymphocytes. Blood 2013; 122:2539–49.
    • (2013) Blood , vol.122 , pp. 2539-2549
    • Dobovsky, J.A.1    Beckwith, K.A.2    Natarajan, G.3
  • 87
    • 84991735336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in previously untreated patients with CLL on single agent ibrutinib
    • Ahn IE, Jerussi T, Farooqui M, Wiestner A, Gea-Banacloche J. Atypical pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in previously untreated patients with CLL on single agent ibrutinib. Blood 2016; 128:1940–3.
    • (2016) Blood , vol.128 , pp. 1940-1943
    • Ahn, I.E.1    Jerussi, T.2    Farooqui, M.3    Wiestner, A.4    Gea-Banacloche, J.5
  • 88
    • 84880323178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with ruxolitinib
    • Wathes R, Moule S, Milojkovic D. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with ruxolitinib. N Engl J Med 2013; 369:197–8.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 197-198
    • Wathes, R.1    Moule, S.2    Milojkovic, D.3
  • 89
    • 84946556636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a comprehensive analysis of the WHO adverse drug database
    • Melis M, Biagi C, Smabrekke L et al. Drug-induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a comprehensive analysis of the WHO adverse drug database. CNS Drugs 2015; 29:879–91.
    • (2015) CNS Drugs , vol.29 , pp. 879-891
    • Melis, M.1    Biagi, C.2    Smabrekke, L.3
  • 90
    • 84936818553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFN-gamma inhibits JC virus replication in glial cells by suppressing T-antigen expression
    • De-Simone FI, Sariyar R, Otalora YL et al. IFN-gamma inhibits JC virus replication in glial cells by suppressing T-antigen expression. PLOS ONE 2015; 10:e0129694.
    • (2015) PLOS ONE , vol.10
    • De-Simone, F.I.1    Sariyar, R.2    Otalora, Y.L.3
  • 91
    • 84925506408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole genome sequencing reveals a chromosome 9p deletion causing DOCK8 deficiency in an adult with diagnosed with hyper-IgE syndrome who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Day-Williams AG, Sun C, Jelcic I et al. Whole genome sequencing reveals a chromosome 9p deletion causing DOCK8 deficiency in an adult with diagnosed with hyper-IgE syndrome who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Clin Immunol 2015; 35:92–6.
    • (2015) J Clin Immunol , vol.35 , pp. 92-96
    • Day-Williams, A.G.1    Sun, C.2    Jelcic, I.3
  • 92
    • 0035207494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a child with hyperimmunoglobulin E recurrent infection syndrome and review of the literature
    • Angelini L, Pietrogrande MC, Delle Paine MR et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a child with hyperimmunoglobulin E recurrent infection syndrome and review of the literature. Neuropediatrics 2001; 32:250–5.
    • (2001) Neuropediatrics , vol.32 , pp. 250-255
    • Angelini, L.1    Pietrogrande, M.C.2    Delle Paine, M.R.3
  • 93
    • 78149481209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful management of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and immune reconstitution syndrome in a patient with multiple sclerosis
    • Schroder A, Lee DH, Hellwig K, Lukas C, Linker RA, Gold R. Successful management of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and immune reconstitution syndrome in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 2010; 67:1391–4.
    • (2010) Arch Neurol , vol.67 , pp. 1391-1394
    • Schroder, A.1    Lee, D.H.2    Hellwig, K.3    Lukas, C.4    Linker, R.A.5    Gold, R.6
  • 95
    • 84937002532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and immunologic effects of maraviroc in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Middel A, Arends JE, van Lelyveld SFL et al. Clinical and immunologic effects of maraviroc in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 2015; 85:104–6.
    • (2015) Neurology , vol.85 , pp. 104-106
    • Middel, A.1    Arends, J.E.2    van Lelyveld, S.F.L.3
  • 96
    • 60549087519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mirtazapine use in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Cettomai D, McArthur JC. Mirtazapine use in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Arch Neurol 2009; 66:255–8.
    • (2009) Arch Neurol , vol.66 , pp. 255-258
    • Cettomai, D.1    McArthur, J.C.2
  • 97
    • 0344743110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of cytarabine in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection
    • Hall CD, Dafni U, Simpson D et al. Failure of cytarabine in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:1345–51.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 1345-1351
    • Hall, C.D.1    Dafni, U.2    Simpson, D.3
  • 98
    • 66149113825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cidofovir in addition to antiretroviral treatment is not effective for AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a multi-cohort analysis
    • De Luca A, Ammassari A, Pezzotti P et al. Cidofovir in addition to antiretroviral treatment is not effective for AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a multi-cohort analysis. AIDS 2008; 22:1759–67.
    • (2008) AIDS , vol.22 , pp. 1759-1767
    • De Luca, A.1    Ammassari, A.2    Pezzotti, P.3
  • 99
    • 66149083981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterisation of mefloquine efficacy against JC virus in-vitro
    • Brickelmaier M, Lugovsky A, Kartikeyan R et al. Identification and characterisation of mefloquine efficacy against JC virus in-vitro. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother 2009; 53:1840–9.
    • (2009) Antimicrobial Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 1840-1849
    • Brickelmaier, M.1    Lugovsky, A.2    Kartikeyan, R.3
  • 100
    • 84963669794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressive effects of topoisomerase inhibitors on JC polyomavirus propagation in human neuroblastoma cells
    • Nukuzuma S, Nakamichi K, Kameoka M et al. Suppressive effects of topoisomerase inhibitors on JC polyomavirus propagation in human neuroblastoma cells. Microbiol Immunol 2016; 60:253–60.
    • (2016) Microbiol Immunol , vol.60 , pp. 253-260
    • Nukuzuma, S.1    Nakamichi, K.2    Kameoka, M.3
  • 101
    • 72049104419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of survival in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Marzocchetti A, Tompkins T, Clifford DB et al. Determinants of survival in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 2009; 73:1551–8.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.73 , pp. 1551-1558
    • Marzocchetti, A.1    Tompkins, T.2    Clifford, D.B.3
  • 102
    • 28544447603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the natural history of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-negative lymphoproliferative disorders: impact of novel therapies
    • Garcia-Suarez J, de Miguel D, Krsnik I, Bañas H, Arribas I, Burgaleta C. Changes in the natural history of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-negative lymphoproliferative disorders: impact of novel therapies. Am J Hematol 2005; 80:271–81.
    • (2005) Am J Hematol , vol.80 , pp. 271-281
    • Garcia-Suarez, J.1    de Miguel, D.2    Krsnik, I.3    Bañas, H.4    Arribas, I.5    Burgaleta, C.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.