메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 376, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 254-266

Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and management of obesity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMFEBUTAMONE PLUS NALTREXONE; LIRAGLUTIDE; LORCASERIN; PHENTERMINE; PHENTERMINE PLUS TOPIRAMATE; PLACEBO; TETRAHYDROLIPSTATIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE; ANTIOBESITY AGENT;

EID: 85010931754     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra1514009     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1114)

References (79)
  • 2
    • 33749187111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of obese patients in a primary care setting
    • Stecker T, Sparks S. Prevalence of obese patients in a primary care setting. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14: 373-6.
    • (2006) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.14 , pp. 373-376
    • Stecker, T.1    Sparks, S.2
  • 3
    • 85010983346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Press release of the American Medical Association, June 18
    • AMA adopts new policies on second day of voting at annual meeting. Press release of the American Medical Association, June 18, 2013 (http://www .npr .org/ documents/ 2013/ jun/ ama-resolution-obesity .pdf).
    • (2013) AMA Adopts New Policies on Second Day of Voting at Annual Meeting
  • 4
    • 84862534303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The burden of disease and the changing task of medicine
    • Jones DS, Podolsky SH, Greene JA. The burden of disease and the changing task of medicine. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 2333-8.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 2333-2338
    • Jones, D.S.1    Podolsky, S.H.2    Greene, J.A.3
  • 5
    • 71049121494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The progressive increase of food waste in America and its environmental impact
    • Hall KD, Guo J, Dore M, Chow CC. The progressive increase of food waste in America and its environmental impact. PLoS One 2009; 4(11): e7940.
    • (2009) PLoS One , vol.4 , Issue.11 , pp. e7940
    • Hall, K.D.1    Guo, J.2    Dore, M.3    Chow, C.C.4
  • 6
    • 84958063682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: Patterns, trends, and policy responses
    • Popkin BM, Hawkes C. Sweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: patterns, trends, and policy responses. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016; 4: 174-86.
    • (2016) Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol , vol.4 , pp. 174-186
    • Popkin, B.M.1    Hawkes, C.2
  • 7
    • 79957477218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends over 5 decades in U.S. Occupation-related physical activity and their associations with obesity
    • Church TS, Thomas DM, Tudor-Locke C, et al. Trends over 5 decades in U.S. occupation-related physical activity and their associations with obesity. PLoS One 2011; 6(5): e19657.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , Issue.5
    • Church, T.S.1    Thomas, D.M.2    Tudor-Locke, C.3
  • 8
    • 85020720025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nonexercise activity thermogenesis in human obesity
    • In: De Groot LJ, ed. MA: MDText.com
    • von Loeffelholz C. The role of nonexercise activity thermogenesis in human obesity. In: De Groot LJ, ed. Endotext. South Dartmouth, MA: MDText.com, 2000.
    • (2000) Endotext. South Dartmouth
    • Von Loeffelholz, C.1
  • 9
    • 84922570654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological management of obesity: An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline
    • Apovian CM, Aronne LJ, Bessesen DH, et al. Pharmacological management of obesity: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100: 342-62.
    • (2015) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.100 , pp. 342-362
    • Apovian, C.M.1    Aronne, L.J.2    Bessesen, D.H.3
  • 11
    • 0015133028 scopus 로고
    • The epidemiologic transition: A theory of the epidemiology of population change
    • Omran AR. The epidemiologic transition: a theory of the epidemiology of population change. Milbank Mem Fund Q 1971; 49: 509-38.
    • (1971) Milbank Mem Fund Q , vol.49 , pp. 509-538
    • Omran, A.R.1
  • 12
    • 84951123372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NIH working group report-using genomic information to guide weight management: From universal to precision treatment
    • Bray MS, Loos RJ, McCaffery JM, et al. NIH working group report-using genomic information to guide weight management: from universal to precision treatment. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24: 14-22.
    • (2016) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.24 , pp. 14-22
    • Bray, M.S.1    Loos, R.J.2    McCaffery, J.M.3
  • 13
    • 84973532307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent progress in genetics, epigenetics and metagenomics unveils the pathophysiology of human obesity
    • Pigeyre M, Yazdi FT, Kaur Y, Meyre D. Recent progress in genetics, epigenetics and metagenomics unveils the pathophysiology of human obesity. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130: 943-86.
    • (2016) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.130 , pp. 943-986
    • Pigeyre, M.1    Yazdi, F.T.2    Kaur, Y.3    Meyre, D.4
  • 14
    • 84925855354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hunger genes: Pathways to obesity
    • van der Klaauw AA, Farooqi IS. The hunger genes: pathways to obesity. Cell 2015; 161: 119-32.
    • (2015) Cell , vol.161 , pp. 119-132
    • Van Der Klaauw, A.A.1    Farooqi, I.S.2
  • 17
    • 84949631415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic responses to weight loss and weight regain: Report from an American Diabetes Association research symposium
    • Leibel RL, Seeley RJ, Darsow T, Berg EG, Smith SR, Ratner R. Biologic responses to weight loss and weight regain: report from an American Diabetes Association research symposium. Diabetes 2015; 64: 2299-309.
    • (2015) Diabetes , vol.64 , pp. 2299-2309
    • Leibel, R.L.1    Seeley, R.J.2    Darsow, T.3    Berg, E.G.4    Smith, S.R.5    Ratner, R.6
  • 18
    • 84925300900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating obesity seriously: When recommendations for lifestyle change confront biological adaptations
    • Ochner CN, Tsai AG, Kushner RF, Wadden TA. Treating obesity seriously: when recommendations for lifestyle change confront biological adaptations. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 3: 232-4.
    • (2015) Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol , vol.3 , pp. 232-234
    • Ochner, C.N.1    Tsai, A.G.2    Kushner, R.F.3    Wadden, T.A.4
  • 19
    • 84866760547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do individuals not lose more weight from an exercise intervention at a defined dose? An energy balance analysis
    • Thomas DM, Bouchard C, Church T, et al. Why do individuals not lose more weight from an exercise intervention at a defined dose? An energy balance analysis. Obes Rev 2012; 13: 835-47.
    • (2012) Obes Rev , vol.13 , pp. 835-847
    • Thomas, D.M.1    Bouchard, C.2    Church, T.3
  • 20
    • 84895930996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss composition is one-fourth fat-free mass: A critical review and critique of this widely cited rule
    • Heymsfield SB, Gonzalez MC, Shen W, Redman L, Thomas D. Weight loss composition is one-fourth fat-free mass: a critical review and critique of this widely cited rule. Obes Rev 2014; 15: 310-21.
    • (2014) Obes Rev , vol.15 , pp. 310-321
    • Heymsfield, S.B.1    Gonzalez, M.C.2    Shen, W.3    Redman, L.4    Thomas, D.5
  • 21
    • 77952893301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity-induced hypertension: Role of sympathetic nervous system leptin and melanocortins
    • Hall JE, da Silva AA, do Carmo JM, et al. Obesity-induced hypertension: role of sympathetic nervous system, leptin, and melanocortins. J Biol Chem 2010; 285: 17271-6.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , pp. 17271-17276
    • Hall, J.E.1    Da Silva, A.A.2    Do Carmo, J.M.3
  • 22
    • 9444253486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-cell function in obesity: Effects of weight loss
    • Ferrannini E, Camastra S, Gastaldelli A, et al. Beta-cell function in obesity: effects of weight loss. Diabetes 2004; 53: Suppl 3: S26-S33.
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. S26-S33
    • Ferrannini, E.1    Camastra, S.2    Gastaldelli, A.3
  • 23
    • 0038411470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose tissue quantification by imaging methods: A proposed classification
    • Shen W, Wang Z, Punyanita M, et al. Adipose tissue quantification by imaging methods: a proposed classification. Obes Res 2003; 11: 5-16.
    • (2003) Obes Res , vol.11 , pp. 5-16
    • Shen, W.1    Wang, Z.2    Punyanita, M.3
  • 24
    • 84877580638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and metabolic implications of regional differences among fat depots
    • Tchkonia T, Thomou T, Zhu Y, et al. Mechanisms and metabolic implications of regional differences among fat depots. Cell Metab 2013; 17: 644-56.
    • (2013) Cell Metab , vol.17 , pp. 644-656
    • Tchkonia, T.1    Thomou, T.2    Zhu, Y.3
  • 25
    • 84925273129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose tissue as an immunological organ
    • Grant RW, Dixit VD. Adipose tissue as an immunological organ. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23: 512-8.
    • (2015) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.23 , pp. 512-518
    • Grant, R.W.1    Dixit, V.D.2
  • 26
    • 84930767138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bariatric surgery or non-surgical weight loss for obstructive sleep apnoea? A systematic review and comparison of meta-analyses
    • Ashrafian H, Toma T, Rowland SP, et al. Bariatric surgery or non-surgical weight loss for obstructive sleep apnoea? A systematic review and comparison of meta-analyses. Obes Surg 2015; 25: 1239-50.
    • (2015) Obes Surg , vol.25 , pp. 1239-1250
    • Ashrafian, H.1    Toma, T.2    Rowland, S.P.3
  • 28
    • 23044493202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: Obesity and the risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications
    • Hampel H, Abraham NS, El-Serag HB. Meta-analysis: obesity and the risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143: 199-211.
    • (2005) Ann Intern Med , vol.143 , pp. 199-211
    • Hampel, H.1    Abraham, N.S.2    El-Serag, H.B.3
  • 29
    • 84949623378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging technologies and their applications in lipid compartment measurement
    • Heymsfield SB, Hu HH, Shen W, Carmichael O. Emerging technologies and their applications in lipid compartment measurement. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26: 688-98.
    • (2015) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.26 , pp. 688-698
    • Heymsfield, S.B.1    Hu, H.H.2    Shen, W.3    Carmichael, O.4
  • 30
    • 4344628555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical features, diagnosis and natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • McCullough AJ. The clinical features, diagnosis and natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Liver Dis 2004; 8: 521-33.
    • (2004) Clin Liver Dis , vol.8 , pp. 521-533
    • McCullough, A.J.1
  • 31
    • 84897522177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome
    • Kaur J. A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome. Cardiol Res Pract 2014; 2014: 943162.
    • (2014) Cardiol Res Pract , vol.2014 , pp. 943162
    • Kaur, J.1
  • 32
    • 4444237280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and cancer
    • Calle EE, Thun MJ. Obesity and cancer. Oncogene 2004; 23: 6365-78.
    • (2004) Oncogene , vol.23 , pp. 6365-6378
    • Calle, E.E.1    Thun, M.J.2
  • 33
    • 81355164060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, psychiatric status, and psychiatric medications
    • Berkowitz RI, Fabricatore AN. Obesity, psychiatric status, and psychiatric medications. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2011; 34: 747-64.
    • (2011) Psychiatr Clin North Am , vol.34 , pp. 747-764
    • Berkowitz, R.I.1    Fabricatore, A.N.2
  • 34
    • 33746326305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral assessment of candidates for bariatric surgery: A patient-oriented approach
    • Wadden TA, Sarwer DB. Behavioral assessment of candidates for bariatric surgery: a patient-oriented approach. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14: Suppl 2: 53S-62S.
    • (2006) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.14 , pp. 53S-62S
    • Wadden, T.A.1    Sarwer, D.B.2
  • 35
    • 79955013404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for prospective associations among depression and obesity in population- based studies
    • Faith MS, Butryn M, Wadden TA, Fabricatore A, Nguyen AM, Heymsfield SB. Evidence for prospective associations among depression and obesity in population- based studies. Obes Rev 2011; 12(5): e438-e453.
    • (2011) Obes Rev , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. e438-e453
    • Faith, M.S.1    Butryn, M.2    Wadden, T.A.3    Fabricatore, A.4    Nguyen, A.M.5    Heymsfield, S.B.6
  • 36
    • 80052203917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight
    • Hall KD, Sacks G, Chandramohan D, et al. Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight. Lancet 2011; 378: 826-37.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.378 , pp. 826-837
    • Hall, K.D.1    Sacks, G.2    Chandramohan, D.3
  • 37
    • 80054955347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss
    • Sumithran P, Prendergast LA, Delbridge E, et al. Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 1597-604.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 1597-1604
    • Sumithran, P.1    Prendergast, L.A.2    Delbridge, E.3
  • 38
    • 85011300210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for medical care of patients with obesity
    • Garvey WT, Mechanick JI, Brett EM, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for medical care of patients with obesity. Endocr Pract 2016; 22: Suppl 3: 1-203.
    • (2016) Endocr Pract , vol.22 , pp. 1-203
    • Garvey, W.T.1    Mechanick, J.I.2    Brett, E.M.3
  • 39
    • 84903273253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity Expert Panel, 2013. Expert Panel Report: Guidelines 2013) for the management of overweight and obesity in adults
    • American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, Obesity Expert Panel, 2013. Expert Panel Report: guidelines (2013) for the management of overweight and obesity in adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22: Suppl 2: S41-410.
    • (2014) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.22 , pp. S41-410
  • 40
    • 84963647264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of moderate and subsequent progressive weight loss on metabolic function and adipose tissue biology in humans with obesity
    • Magkos F, Fraterrigo G, Yoshino J, et al. Effects of moderate and subsequent progressive weight loss on metabolic function and adipose tissue biology in humans with obesity. Cell Metab 2016; 23: 591-601.
    • (2016) Cell Metab , vol.23 , pp. 591-601
    • Magkos, F.1    Fraterrigo, G.2    Yoshino, J.3
  • 41
    • 34249864128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: One-year results of the look AHEAD trial
    • The Look AHEAD Research Group, Pi-Sunyer X, Blackburn G, et al. Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: one-year results of the look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1374-83.
    • (2007) Diabetes Care , vol.30 , pp. 1374-1383
    • Pi-Sunyer, X.1    Blackburn, G.2
  • 42
    • 79960969194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes
    • Wing RR, Lang W, Wadden TA, et al. Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1481-6.
    • (2011) Diabetes Care , vol.34 , pp. 1481-1486
    • Wing, R.R.1    Lang, W.2    Wadden, T.A.3
  • 43
    • 0037034257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
    • Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 393-403.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 393-403
  • 44
    • 70449517253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 10-Year follow-up of diabetes incidence and weight loss in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
    • Knowler WC, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, et al. 10-Year follow-up of diabetes incidence and weight loss in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Lancet 2009; 374: 1677-86.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 1677-1686
    • Knowler, W.C.1    Fowler, S.E.2    Hamman, R.F.3
  • 45
    • 84944742419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-year outcomes of bariatric surgery vs lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment: A randomized clinical trial
    • Courcoulas AP, Belle SH, Neiberg RH, et al. Three-year outcomes of bariatric surgery vs lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2015; 150: 931-40.
    • (2015) JAMA Surg , vol.150 , pp. 931-940
    • Courcoulas, A.P.1    Belle, S.H.2    Neiberg, R.H.3
  • 46
    • 38349136266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjustable gastric banding and conventional therapy for type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial
    • Dixon JB, O'Brien PE, Playfair J, et al. Adjustable gastric banding and conventional therapy for type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2008; 299: 316-23.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , pp. 316-323
    • Dixon, J.B.1    O'Brien, P.E.2    Playfair, J.3
  • 47
    • 84929957930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for diabetes (the Diabetes Surgery Study): 2-year outcomes of a 5-year, randomised, controlled trial
    • Ikramuddin S, Billington CJ, Lee WJ, et al. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for diabetes (the Diabetes Surgery Study): 2-year outcomes of a 5-year, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 3: 413-22.
    • (2015) Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol , vol.3 , pp. 413-422
    • Ikramuddin, S.1    Billington, C.J.2    Lee, W.J.3
  • 48
    • 84859419232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bariatric surgery versus conventional medical therapy for type 2 diabetes
    • Mingrone G, Panunzi S, De Gaetano A, et al. Bariatric surgery versus conventional medical therapy for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1577-85.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 1577-1585
    • Mingrone, G.1    Panunzi, S.2    De Gaetano, A.3
  • 49
    • 84900335025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy for diabetes - 3-year outcomes
    • Schauer PR, Bhatt DL, Kirwan JP, et al. Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy for diabetes - 3-year outcomes. N Engl J Med 2014; 370: 2002-13.
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.370 , pp. 2002-2013
    • Schauer, P.R.1    Bhatt, D.L.2    Kirwan, J.P.3
  • 50
    • 84903783176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidisciplinary diabetes care with and without bariatric surgery in overweight people: A randomised controlled trial
    • Wentworth JM, Playfair J, Laurie C, et al. Multidisciplinary diabetes care with and without bariatric surgery in overweight people: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014; 2: 545-52.
    • (2014) Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol , vol.2 , pp. 545-552
    • Wentworth, J.M.1    Playfair, J.2    Laurie, C.3
  • 51
    • 84971328473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcomes of metabolic surgery: Microvascular and macrovascular complications
    • Adams TD, Arterburn DE, Nathan DM, Eckel RH. Clinical outcomes of metabolic surgery: microvascular and macrovascular complications. Diabetes Care 2016; 39: 912-23.
    • (2016) Diabetes Care , vol.39 , pp. 912-923
    • Adams, T.D.1    Arterburn, D.E.2    Nathan, D.M.3    Eckel, R.H.4
  • 52
    • 34548090763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of bariatric surgery on mortality in Swedish obese subjects
    • Sjostrom L, Narbro K, Sjostrom CD, et al. Effects of bariatric surgery on mortality in Swedish obese subjects. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 741-52.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 741-752
    • Sjostrom, L.1    Narbro, K.2    Sjostrom, C.D.3
  • 53
    • 84880323061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes
    • The Look AHEAD Research Group
    • The Look AHEAD Research Group. Cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 145-54.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 145-154
  • 54
    • 84947093551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric disorders and weight change in a prospective study of bariatric surgery patients: A 3-year follow-up
    • Kalarchian MA, King WC, Devlin MJ, et al. Psychiatric disorders and weight change in a prospective study of bariatric surgery patients: a 3-year follow-up. Psychosom Med 2016; 78: 373-81.
    • (2016) Psychosom Med , vol.78 , pp. 373-381
    • Kalarchian, M.A.1    King, W.C.2    Devlin, M.J.3
  • 56
    • 85010926599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Obesity Network. 5As Team project. 2016 (http://www .obesitynetwork .ca/ 5As-Team).
    • (2016) 5As Team Project
  • 57
    • 85044672448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment of obesity
    • In: De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, et al., eds., MA: MDText.com, January 19
    • O'Brien P. Surgical treatment of obesity. In: De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, et al., eds. Endotext. South Dartmouth, MA: MDText.com, January 19, 2016.
    • (2016) Endotext. South Dartmouth
    • O'Brien, P.1
  • 58
    • 77950187800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mediators of weight loss and weight loss maintenance in middle-aged women
    • Teixeira PJ, Silva MN, Coutinho SR, et al. Mediators of weight loss and weight loss maintenance in middle-aged women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2010; 18: 725-35.
    • (2010) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.18 , pp. 725-735
    • Teixeira, P.J.1    Silva, M.N.2    Coutinho, S.R.3
  • 59
    • 84974851096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of pharmacological treatments for obesity with weight loss and adverse events: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Khera R, Murad MH, Chandar AK, et al. Association of pharmacological treatments for obesity with weight loss and adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2016; 315: 2424-34.
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.315 , pp. 2424-2434
    • Khera, R.1    Murad, M.H.2    Chandar, A.K.3
  • 60
    • 84936166069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, controlled trial of 3.0 mg of liraglutide in weight management
    • Pi-Sunyer X, Astrup A, Fujioka K, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of 3.0 mg of liraglutide in weight management. N Engl J Med 2015; 373: 11-22.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.373 , pp. 11-22
    • Pi-Sunyer, X.1    Astrup, A.2    Fujioka, K.3
  • 61
    • 79954561234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low-dose, controlled-release, phentermine plus topiramate combination on weight and associated comorbidities in overweight and obese adults (CONQUER): A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
    • Gadde KM, Allison DB, Ryan DH, et al. Effects of low-dose, controlled-release, phentermine plus topiramate combination on weight and associated comorbidities in overweight and obese adults (CONQUER): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2011; 377: 1341-52.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 1341-1352
    • Gadde, K.M.1    Allison, D.B.2    Ryan, D.H.3
  • 62
    • 84879324574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, phase 3 trial of naltrexone SR/bupropion SR on weight and obesityrelated risk factors (COR-II)
    • Apovian CM, Aronne L, Rubino D, et al. A randomized, phase 3 trial of naltrexone SR/bupropion SR on weight and obesityrelated risk factors (COR-II). Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21: 935-43.
    • (2013) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.21 , pp. 935-943
    • Apovian, C.M.1    Aronne, L.2    Rubino, D.3
  • 64
    • 84908689206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral treatment of obesity in patients encountered in primary care settings: A systematic review
    • Wadden TA, Butryn ML, Hong PS, Tsai AG. Behavioral treatment of obesity in patients encountered in primary care settings: a systematic review. JAMA 2014; 312: 1779-91.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.312 , pp. 1779-1791
    • Wadden, T.A.1    Butryn, M.L.2    Hong, P.S.3    Tsai, A.G.4
  • 66
    • 84943737225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized comparative effectiveness trial for preventing type 2 diabetes
    • Ackermann RT, Liss DT, Finch EA, et al. A randomized comparative effectiveness trial for preventing type 2 diabetes. Am J Public Health 2015; 105: 2328-34.
    • (2015) Am J Public Health , vol.105 , pp. 2328-2334
    • Ackermann, R.T.1    Liss, D.T.2    Finch, E.A.3
  • 67
    • 81855218115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in clinical practice
    • Appel LJ, Clark JM, Yeh H-C, et al. Comparative effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in clinical practice. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 1959-68.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 1959-1968
    • Appel, L.J.1    Clark, J.M.2    Yeh, H.-C.3
  • 68
    • 77954816428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internet delivered behavioral obesity treatment
    • Harvey-Berino J, West D, Krukowski R, et al. Internet delivered behavioral obesity treatment. Prev Med 2010; 51: 123-8.
    • (2010) Prev Med , vol.51 , pp. 123-128
    • Harvey-Berino, J.1    West, D.2    Krukowski, R.3
  • 69
    • 56749102580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended-care programs for weight management in rural communities: The Treatment of Obesity in Underserved Rural Settings (TOURS) randomized trial
    • Perri MG, Limacher MC, Durning PE, et al. Extended-care programs for weight management in rural communities: the Treatment of Obesity in Underserved Rural Settings (TOURS) randomized trial. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168: 2347-54.
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , pp. 2347-2354
    • Perri, M.G.1    Limacher, M.C.2    Durning, P.E.3
  • 70
    • 84891919414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term drug treatment for obesity: A systematic and clinical review
    • Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA. Long-term drug treatment for obesity: a systematic and clinical review. JAMA 2014; 311: 74-86.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , pp. 74-86
    • Yanovski, S.Z.1    Yanovski, J.A.2
  • 71
    • 0033585499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight control and risk factor reduction in obese subjects treated for 2 years with orlistat: A randomized controlled trial
    • Davidson MH, Hauptman J, DiGirolamo M, et al. Weight control and risk factor reduction in obese subjects treated for 2 years with orlistat: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1999; 281: 235-42.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.281 , pp. 235-242
    • Davidson, M.H.1    Hauptman, J.2    DiGirolamo, M.3
  • 72
    • 77954635020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of lorcaserin for weight management
    • Smith SR, Weissman NJ, Anderson CM, et al. Multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of lorcaserin for weight management. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 245-56.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.363 , pp. 245-256
    • Smith, S.R.1    Weissman, N.J.2    Anderson, C.M.3
  • 73
    • 84882257874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbid obesity rates continue to rise rapidly in the United States
    • Sturm R, Hattori A. Morbid obesity rates continue to rise rapidly in the United States. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 37: 889-91.
    • (2013) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.37 , pp. 889-891
    • Sturm, R.1    Hattori, A.2
  • 74
    • 84971201943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcomes of metabolic surgery: Efficacy of glycemic control, weight loss, and remission of diabetes
    • Schauer PR, Mingrone G, Ikramuddin S, Wolfe B. Clinical outcomes of metabolic surgery: efficacy of glycemic control, weight loss, and remission of diabetes. Diabetes Care 2016; 39: 902-11.
    • (2016) Diabetes Care , vol.39 , pp. 902-911
    • Schauer, P.R.1    Mingrone, G.2    Ikramuddin, S.3    Wolfe, B.4
  • 75
    • 84878534607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roux-en-Y gastric bypass vs intensive medical management for the control of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia: The Diabetes Surgery Study randomized clinical trial
    • Ikramuddin S, Korner J, Lee WJ, et al. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass vs intensive medical management for the control of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia: the Diabetes Surgery Study randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2013; 309: 2240-9.
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.309 , pp. 2240-2249
    • Ikramuddin, S.1    Korner, J.2    Lee, W.J.3
  • 76
    • 84860136615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes
    • Schauer PR, Kashyap SR, Wolski K, et al. Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1567-76.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 1567-1576
    • Schauer, P.R.1    Kashyap, S.R.2    Wolski, K.3
  • 77
    • 68049123594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative safety in the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery
    • Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Consortium. Perioperative safety in the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 445-54.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.361 , pp. 445-454
  • 78
    • 84907379847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bariatric surgery for obesity and metabolic conditions in adults
    • Arterburn DE, Courcoulas AP. Bariatric surgery for obesity and metabolic conditions in adults. BMJ 2014; 349: g3961.
    • (2014) BMJ , vol.349 , pp. g3961
    • Arterburn, D.E.1    Courcoulas, A.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.