The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation improved the cognitive function in the Chinese elderly with mild cognitive impairment: A double-blind randomized controlled trial

Nutrients

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages

  Bo, Yacong ^a   Zhang, Xueyuan ^a   Wang, Youli ^b   You, Jie ^a   Cui, Han ^a   Zhu, Yiwei ^a   Pang, Wei ^c   Liu, Wei ^c   Jiang, Yugang ^c   Lu, Quanjun ^a  

^a ZHENGZHOU UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China Pingmei Shenma Group   (China)

^c Institute of Health and Environment Medicine   (China)

Author keywords

Basic cognitive aptitude tests; Cognition; Elderly; Mild cognitive impairment; n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Indexed keywords

OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; IL6 PROTEIN, HUMAN; INTERLEUKIN 6; LIPOXYGENASE; PHOSPHOLIPASE A2; PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHASE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR;

ACTIVITY OF DAILY LIVING ASSESSMENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL DEMENTIA RATING; COGNITION; COGNITIVE FUNCTION TEST; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION; OCCLUSIVE CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; WORKING MEMORY; AGED; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; BLOOD; CHINA; COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION; DIET; DIETARY SUPPLEMENT; DRUG EFFECTS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

AGED; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; CHINA; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION; DIET; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACIDS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-3; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERLEUKIN-6; LIPOXYGENASE; MALE; PHOSPHOLIPASES A2; PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE SYNTHASES; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA;

EID: 85010402904     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20726643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/nu9010054     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Eshkoor, S.A.; Hamid, T.A.; Mun, C.Y.; Ng, C.K. Mild cognitive impairment and its management in older people. Clin. Interv. Aging 2015, 10, 687-693.
2. Ward, A.; Arrighi, H.M.; Michels, S.; Cedarbaum, J.M. Mild cognitive impairment: Disparity of incidence and prevalence estimates. Alzheimers Dement. 2012, 8, 14-21.
3. Nie, H.; Xu, Y.; Liu, B.; Zhang, Y.; Lei, T.; Hui, X.; Zhang, L.; Wu, Y. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment about elderly population in china: A meta-analysis. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 2011, 26, 558-563.
4. Petersen, R.C. Clinical practice. Mild cognitive impairment. N. Engl. J. Med. 2011, 364, 2227-2234.
5. Van de Rest, O.; Geleijnse, J.M.; Kok, F.J.; van Staveren, W.A.; Dullemeijer, C.; Olderikkert, M.G.; Beekman, A.T.; de Groot, C.P. Effect of fish oil on cognitive performance in older subjects: A randomized, controlled trial. Neurology 2008, 71, 430-438.
6. Dangour, A.D.; Allen, E.; Elbourne, D.; Fasey, N.; Fletcher, A.E.; Hardy, P.; Holder, G.E.; Knight, R.; Letley, L.; Richards, M et al. Effect of 2-y n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive function in older people: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2010, 91, 1725-1732.
7. Witte, A.V.; Kerti, L.; Hermannstaedter, H.M.; Fiebach, J.B.; Schreiber, S.J.; Schuchardt, J.P.; Hahn, A.; Floeel, A. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids improve brain function and structure in older adults. Cereb. Cortex 2014, 24, 3059-3068.
8. Kotani, S.; Sakaguchi, E.; Warashina, S.; Matsukawa, N.; Ishikura, Y.; Kiso, Y.; Sakakibara, M.; Yoshimoto, T.; Guo, J.; Yamashima, T. Dietary supplementation of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids improves cognitive dysfunction. Neurosci. Res. 2006, 56, 159-164.
9. Sinn, N.; Milte, C.M.; Street, S.J.; Buckley, J.D.; Coates, A.M.; Petkov, J.; Howe, P.R. Effects of n-3 fatty acids, epa v. Dha, on depressive symptoms, quality of life, memory and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A 6-month randomised controlled trial. Br. J. Nutr. 2012, 107, 1682-1693.
10. Chiu, C.C.; Su, K.P.; Cheng, T.C.; Liu, H.C.; Chang, C.J.; Dewey, M.E.; Stewart, R.; Huang, S.Y. The effects of omega-3 fatty acids monotherapy in alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment: A preliminary randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 2008, 32, 1538-1544.
11. Quinn, J.F.; Raman, R.; Thomas, R.G.; Yurko-Mauro, K.; Nelson, E.B.; Van Dyck, C.; Galvin, J.E.; Emond, J.; Jack, C.R., Jr.; Weiner, M.; et al. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: A randomized trial. JAMA 2010, 304, 1903-1911.
12. Glass, C.K.; Saijo, K.; Winner, B.; Marchetto, M.C.; Gage, F.H. Mechanisms underlying inflammation in neurodegeneration. Cell 2010, 140, 918-934.
13. Trepanier, M.O.; Hopperton, K.E.; Orr, S.K.; Bazinet, R.P. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in animal models with neuroinflammation: An update. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2015, 785, 187-206.
14. Cederholm, T.; Salem, N., Jr.; Palmblad, J. Omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention of cognitive decline in humans. Adv. Nutr. 2013, 4, 672-676.
15. Serhan, C.N.; Chiang, N.; Van Dyke, T.E. Resolving inflammation: Dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution lipid mediators. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2008, 8, 349-361.
16. Petersen, R.C.; Smith, G.E.; Waring, S.C.; Ivnik, R.J.; Tangalos, E.G.; Kokmen, E. Mild cognitive impairment: Clinical characterization and outcome. Arch. Neurol. 1999, 56, 303-308.
17. Fisk, H.L.; West, A.L.; Childs, C.E.; Burdge, G.C.; Calder, P.C. The use of gas chromatography to analyze compositional changes of fatty acids in rat liver tissue during pregnancy. J. Vis. Exp. 2014.
18. Food and Agriculture Organization. Fat and Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition; FAO: Rome, Italy, 2010.
19. EFSA. Science opinion on dietary reference values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and cholesterol. EFSA J. 2010, 8, 1461.
20. Geleijnse, J.M.; Giltay, E.J.; Kromhout, D. Effects of n-3 fatty acids on cognitive decline: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in stable myocardial infarction patients. Alzheimers Dement. 2012, 8, 278-287.
21. Kong, H.Y.; Cheng, D.M.; Pang, W.; Sun, S.D.; Liu, J.; Huang, C.Y.; Jiang, Y.G. Homocysteine levels and cognitive function scores measured with mmse and bcat of middle-aged and elderly subjects in Tianjin city. J. Nutr. Health Aging 2013, 17, 527-532.
22. Cheng, D.; Kong, H.; Pang, W.; Yang, H.; Lu, H.; Huang, C.; Jiang, Y. B vitamin supplementation improves cognitive function in the middle aged and elderly with hyperhomocysteinemia. Nutr. Neurosci. 2014, 19, 461-466.
23. Lee, L.K.; Shahar, S.; Chin, A.V.; Yusoff, N.A. Docosahexaenoic acid-concentrated fish oil supplementation in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI): A 12-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Psychopharmacology 2013, 225, 605-612.
24. Vakhapova, V.; Cohen, T.; Richter, Y.; Herzog, Y.; Korczyn, A.D. Phosphatidylserine containing omega-3 fatty acids may improve memory abilities in non-demented elderly with memory complaints: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord 2010, 29, 467-474.
25. Otsuka, M. Analysis of dietary factors in Alzheimer’s disease: Clinical use of nutritional intervention for prevention and treatment of dementia. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2000, 37, 970-973.
26. Yehuda, S.; Rabinovtz, S.; Carasso, R.L.; Mostofsky, D.I. Essential fatty acids preparation (sr-3) improves alzheimer’s patients quality of life. Int. J. Neurosci. 1996, 87, 141-149.
27. Terano, T.; Fujishiro, S.; Ban, T.; Yamamoto, K.; Tanaka, T.; Noguchi, Y.; Tamura, Y.; Yazawa, K.; Hirayama, T. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation improves the moderately severe dementia from thrombotic cerebrovascular diseases. Lipids 1999, 34, S345-S346.
28. Freund-Levi, Y.; Basun, H.; Cederholm, T.; Faxen-Irving, G.; Garlind, A.; Grut, M.; Vedin, I.; Palmblad, J.; Wahlund, L.O.; Eriksdotter-Jonhagen, M. Omega-3 supplementation in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: Effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 2008, 23, 161-169.
29. Boston, P.F.; Bennett, A.; Horrobin, D.F.; Bennett, C.N. Ethyl-epa in Alzheimer’s disease-A pilot study. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids 2004, 71, 341-346.
30. Freund-Levi, Y.; Eriksdotter-Jonhagen, M.; Cederholm, T.; Basun, H.; Faxen-Irving, G.; Garlind, A.; Vedin, I.; Vessby, B.; Wahlund, L.O.; Palmblad, J. Omega-3 fatty acid treatment in 174 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: Omegad study: A randomized double-blind trial. Arch. Neurol. 2006, 63, 1402-1408.
31. Grosso, G.; Pajak, A.; Marventano, S.; Castellano, S.; Galvano, F.; Bucolo, C.; Drago, F.; Caraci, F. Role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of depressive disorders: A comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e96905.
32. Serhan, C.N. Resolution phase of inflammation: Novel endogenous anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediators and pathways. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2007, 25, 101-137.
33. Serhan, C.N. Novel lipid mediators and resolution mechanisms in acute inflammation: To resolve or not? Am. J. Pathol. 2010, 177, 1576-1591.
34. Lopez-Garcia, E.; Schulze, M.B.; Manson, J.E.; Meigs, J.B.; Albert, C.M.; Rifai, N.; Willett, W.C.; Hu, F.B. Consumption of (n-3) fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation in women. J. Nutr. 2004, 134, 1806-1811.
35. Hao, W.; Wong, O.Y.; Liu, X.; Lee, P.; Chen, Y.; Wong, K.K. Omega-3 fatty acids suppress inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages and hepatocytes. J. Pediatr. Surg. 2010, 45, 2412-2418.
36. Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K.; Belury, M.A.; Andridge, R.; Malarkey, W.B.; Hwang, B.S.; Glaser, R. Omega-3 supplementation lowers inflammation in healthy middle-aged and older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav. Immun. 2012, 26, 988-995.
37. Sun, G.Y.; Shelat, P.B.; Jensen, M.B.; He, Y.; Sun, A.Y.; Simonyi, A. Phospholipases a2 and inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. Neuromol. Med. 2010, 12, 133-148.
38. Li, K.; Huang, T.; Zheng, J.; Wu, K.; Li, D. Effect of marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha: A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e88103.
39. Gomez-Pinilla, F. Brain foods: The effects of nutrients on brain function. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2008, 9, 568-578.
40. Akbar, M.; Calderon, F.; Wen, Z.; Kim, H.Y. Docosahexaenoic acid: A positive modulator of akt signaling in neuronal survival. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2005, 102, 10858-10863.
41. Huang, T.; Hu, X.; Khan, N.; Yang, J.; Li, D. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on homocysteine metabolism through regulating the gene expressions involved in methionine metabolism. Sci. World J. 2013, 2013, 931626.
42. Jump, D.B. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and regulation of gene transcription. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 2002, 13, 155-164.
43. Hopperton, K.E.; Trepanier, M.O.; Giuliano, V.; Bazinet, R.P. Brain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate microglia cell number and morphology in response to intracerebroventricular amyloid-beta 1-40 in mice. J. Neuroinflamm. 2016, 13, 257.