In vitro meat: A future animal-free harvest

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

Volumn 57, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 782-789

  Bhat, Zuhaib Fayaz ^a   Kumar, Sunil ^a   Bhat, Hina Fayaz ^b  

^a SHER E KASHMIR UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY OF JAMMU   (India)

^b SHER E KASHMIR UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY OF KASHMIR   (India)

Author keywords

benefits; history; In vitro meat; objections; techniques

Indexed keywords

ANIMALS; HISTORY; INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH; NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; POLLUTION; POLLUTION CONTROL; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; TISSUE ENGINEERING;

BENEFITS; BIOENGINEERING TECHNIQUES; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIONS; IN-VITRO; OBJECTIONS; SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION; TECHNIQUES; TISSUE-ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES;

MEATS;

ANALYSIS; ANIMAL; BIOTECHNOLOGY; FOOD HANDLING; MEAT; TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUE; TISSUE ENGINEERING; VETERINARY MEDICINE;

ANIMALS; BIOTECHNOLOGY; FOOD TECHNOLOGY; MEAT; TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES; TISSUE ENGINEERING;

EID: 85007590830     PISSN: 10408398     EISSN: 15497852     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.924899     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Aldhous, P., (2006). Print me a heart and a set of arteries. New Scientist 190(2547):19.
2. Alexander, R., (2011). In vitro meat:A vehicle for the ethical rescaling of the factory farming industry and in vivo testing or an intractable enterprise? Intersect 4:42–47.
3. Asner, G. P., Elmore, A. J., Olander, L. P., Martin, R. E., and Harris, A. T., (2004). Grazing systems, ecosystem responses and global change. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 29:261–299.
4. Bach, A. D., Stem-Straeter, J., Beier, J. P., Bannasch, H., and Stark, G. B., (2003). Engineering of muscle tissue. Clin. Plast. Surg. 30(4):589–99.
5. Barnard, N. D., Nicholson, A., and Howard, J. L., (1995). The medical costs attributable to meat consumption. Prev. Med. 24:646–55.
6. Bartholet, J., (2011). Inside the meat lab. Sci. Am. 305:65–69.
7. Benjaminson, M., Lehrer, S., and Macklin, D., (1998). Bioconversion systems for food and water on long term space missions. Acta Astronaut 43:329–48.
8. Benjaminson, M. A., Gilchriest, J. A., and Lorenz, M., (2002). In vitro edible muscle protein production system (MPPS):Stage 1, fish. Acta Astronaut 51(12):879–89.
9. Bhat, Z. F., (2011). Bioengineered Meat-A Future Inescapable Harvest. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG, Germany, ISBN 978-3-8443-1133-4.
10. Bhat, Z. F., and Bhat, H., (2011a). Animal-free meat biofabrication. Am. J. Food Technol. 6(6):441–459.
11. Bhat, Z. F., and Bhat, H., (2011b). Tissue engineered meat - future meat. J. Stored Prod. Postharvest Res. 2(1):1–10.
12. Bhat, Z. F., and Bhat, H., (2011c). Prospectus of cultured meat-advancing meat alternatives. J. Food Sci. Technol. 48(2):125–140.
13. Bhat, Z. F., Bhat, H. F., and Pathak, V., (2014). Prospects for In vitro cultured meat - a future harvest. In:Principles of Tissue Engineering, (4th ed., pp. 1663–1678), Lanza, R., Langer, R., and Vacanti, J. P., Eds., Elsevier Publication.
14. Boland, T., Mironov, V., Gutowska, A., Roth, E., and Markwald, R., (2003). Cell and organ printing 2:Fusion of cell aggregates in three-dimensional gels. Anat. Rec. 272A(2):497–502.
15. Boldrin, L., Malerba, A., Vitiello, L., Cimetta, E., Piccoli, M., Messina, C., Gamba, P. G., Elvassore, N., and De Coppi, P., (2008). Efficient delivery of human single fiber derived muscle precursor cells via biocompatible scaffold. Cell Transplant 17(5):577–84.
16. Britt, R. R., (2002). Food of the future:Fish flesh grown without the fish. Space.com. Retrieved May132008 from http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/generalscience/fish_food_020329.html
17. Campion, D. R., (1984). The muscle satellite cell:A review. Int. Rev. Cytol. 87:225–51.
18. Catherine, C., (1985). A reporter at large:the rain forests. New Yorker Magazine, 14January:79.
19. Catts, O., and Zurr, I., (2002). Growing semi-living sculptures:The tissue culture project. Leonardo 35(4):365–370.
20. Cavalieri, P., and Singer, P., (1994). The great ape project:Equality beyond humanity. St. Martin's Press, New York.
21. Chomitz, K. M., and Thomas, T. S., (2001). Geographic patterns of land use and land intensity in the Brazilian Amazon. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2687.
22. Crok, M., (2003). Bij de beesten af. Natuur Techniek 71:46–49.
23. Datar, I., and Betti, M., (2010). Possibilities for an in vitro meat production system. Innov. Food Sci. Emer. Techol. 11:13–22.
24. de Haan, C., Steinfeld, H., and Blackburn, H., (1997). Livestock and the environment:Finding a balance. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Bank and US Agency for International Development.
25. DeGrazia, D., (1996). Taking animals seriously. Moral Life and Moral Status. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
26. Delgado, C. L., (2003). Rising consumption of meat and milk in developing countries has created a new food revolution. J. Nutr. 133:3907S–3910S.
27. Dennis, R., and Kosnik, 2ndP., (2000). Excitability and isometric contractile properties of mammalian skeletal muscle constructs engineered in vitro. In vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Anim. 36(5):327–35.
28. Dennis, R., Kosnik, 2ndP., Gilbert, M., and Faulkner, J., (2001). Excitability and contractility of skeletal muscle engineered from primary cultures and cell lines. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 280(2):C288–95.
29. Drysdale, A., Ewert, M., and Hanford, A., (2003). Life support approaches for Mars missions. Adv. Space Res. 31:51–61.
30. Edelman, P. D., McFarland, D. C., Mironov, V. A., and Matheny, J. G., (2005). Commentary:In vitro-cultured meat production. Tissue Eng. 11(5):659–62.
31. Eisnitz, G. A., (2006). Slaughterhouse:The shocking story of greed, neglect, and inhumane treatment inside the U.S. meat industry. Prometeus Books, Amherst, NY.
32. European Food Safety Authority. (2006). The community summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents, antimicrobial resistance and food borne outbreaks in the European Union in 2005. EFSA J. 94:2–288.
33. FAO. (2006). FAOSTAT Statistical Database. at apps.fao.org 2006; updated 24 January 2006; Compassion in World Farming, Laying Hens Fact Sheet, revised January2004, at www.ciwf.org.uk/publications/Factsheets/Factsheet%20%20Laying%20Hens%20.pdf. Accessed 14 August 2013.
34. FAO. (2008). Crop Prospects and Food Situation. FAO, Economic and Social Development Department, Rome.
35. FAO. (2009). The State of Food and Agriculture-livestock in the Balance. Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome.
36. FAOSTAT. (2008). FAO statistics division-data archives. From www.faostat.fao.org. Accessed 14 August 2013.
37. Fisher, I. S., and Meakens, S., (2006). Surveillance of enteric pathogens in Europe and beyond:Enter-net annual report for 2004. Euro Surveillance:Bulletin Européen sur les Maladies Transmissibles 11, E060824.060823. Available at:http://www.hpa.org.uk/hpa/inter/enter-net/Enter-net%20annual%20report%202004.pdf. Accessed 26March2007
38. Ford, B. J., (2009). Culturing meat for the future:anti-death versus anti-life. In:Chapter Two. Download from:www.brianjford.com/k-cultured-meat.pdf. Accessed 14 August 2013.
39. Fox, J. L., (2009). Test tube meat on the menu? Nature Biotechnol. 27:873.
40. Gawlitta, D., Oomens, C. W., Bader, D. L., Baaijens, F. P., and Bouten, C. V., (2007). Temporal differences in the influence of ischemic factors and deformation on the metabolism of engineered skeletal muscle. J. Appl. Physiol. 103(2):464–73.
41. Greenpeace-International. (2009). Slaughtering the Amazon. From http://www.greenpeace.org/international/press/reports/slaughtering-theamazon. Accessed 14 August 2013.
42. Grieg-Gran, M., (2006). The cost of avoiding deforestation. Report prepared for the Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change, International Institute for Environment and Development.
43. Haagsman, H. P., Hellingwerf, K. J., and Roelen, B. A. J., (2009). Production of animal proteins by cell systems. Desk Study on Cultured Meat (“Kweekvlees”). Universiteit Utrecht, Faculteit Diergeneeskunde, Utrecht.
44. Hawthorne, M., (2005). From fiction to fork. Satya September:2005 (The New Taste of Vegan), Retrieved May132008 from http://www.satyamag.com/sept05/hawthorne.html
45. Hill, M., Wernig, A., and Goldspink, G., (2003). Muscle satellite (stem) cell activation during local tissue injury and repair. J. Anat. 203(1):89–99.
46. Hirschfeld, J., Weis, J., Jesko, Weiß, J., Preidl, M., and Korbun, T., (2008). Klimawirkungen der Landwirtschaft in Deutschland. Schriftenreihe des IOW 186/08:187.
47. Holmes, P. D., and Dacey, A., (2008). Vegetarian meat:Could technology save animals and satisfy meat eaters? J. Agric. Environ. Ethics 21:579–96.
48. Hopkins, P. D., and Dacey, A., (2008). Vegetarian meat:could technology save animals and satisfy meat eaters? J. Agric. Environ. Ethics 21:579–596.
49. Hukill, T., (2006). Would you eat lab-grown meat? Alternet. Retrieved May132008 from http://www.alternet.org/envirohealth/38755/
50. Kass, L., (1997). The wisdom of repugnance. The New Republic 216:17–26.
51. Katajajuuri, J. M., (2008). Experiences and improvement possibilities-LCA case study of broiler chicken production. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Life Cycle Assessment in the Agri-Food Sector, Zurich.
52. Kosnik, P., Faulkner, J., and Dennis, R., (2001). Functional development of engineered skeletal muscle from adult and neonatal rats. Tissue Eng. 7(5):573–84.
53. Kuang, C., (2008). Farming in the Sky. Popular Sci. September2008, 41.
54. Le Grand, F., and Rudnicki, M. A., (2007). Skeletal muscle satellite cells and adult myogenesis. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 19(6):628–33.
55. Madrigal, A., (2008). Scientists flesh out plans to grow (and sell) test tube meat. Wired, April11, Retrieved from http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/04/invitro_meat
56. McIlroy, A., (2006). Will consumers have a beef with test-tube meat? GlobeAndMail.com. Retrieved May132008 from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20060327.MEAT27/TPStory/?query=meat±starter±cells&pageRequested=all&print=true
57. McMahan, J., (2002). The Ethics of Killing:Problems at the Margins of Life. Oxford University Press, Oxford, ISBN 0195079981.
58. Mead, P., Slutsker, L., Dietz, A., McCaig, L., Bresee, J., Shapiro, C., Griffin, P., and Tauxe, R., (1999). Food-related illness and death in the united states. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 5:607–25.
59. Mironov, V., Boland. T., Trusk, T., Forgacs, G., and Markwald, R., (2003). Organ printing:Computer-aided jet-based 3D tissue engineering. Trends Biotechnol. 21(4):157–61.
60. Mol, A., Driessen, N. J., Rutten, M. C., Hoerstrup, S. P., Bouten, C. V., and Baaijens, F. P., (2005). Tissue engineering of human heart valve leaflets:A novel bioreactor for a strain-based conditioning approach. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 33(12):1778–88.
61. Mullins, J., (2006). The stuff of beams:Building with light. New Scientist 2551:44–47.
62. Myers, N., and Kent, J., (2005). The New Atlas of Plant Management. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles.
63. Nataro, J. P., and Kaper, J. B., (1998). Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 11:142–201.
64. Nicholson, F. A., Hutchison, M. L., Smith, K. A., Keevil, C. W., Chambers, B. J., and Moore, A., (2000). A study on farm manure applications to agricultural land and an assessment of the risks of pathogen transfer into the food chain. Project Number FS2526, Final report to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, London.
65. Ogino, A., Orito, H., Orito, H., Shimada, K., and Hirooka, H., (2007). Evaluating environmental impacts of the Japanese beef cow-calf system by the life cycle assessment method. Anim. Sci. J. 78:424–32.
66. Pachauri, R., (2008). Global Warning - The impact of meat production and consumption on climate change - Dr Rajendra Pachauri, Chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Speech at Compassion in World Farming, London, September 8, London.
67. Peters, C. J., Wilkins, J. L., and Fick, G. W., (2007). Testing a complete-diet model for estimating the land resource requirements of food consumption and agricultural carrying capacity:The New York State example. Renewable Agric. Food Sys. 22:145–53.
68. Peterson, D., (2006). The in vitro cultured meat:No cows needed. The catalyst online, The Medical University of South Carolina. Friday Jan20, 2006.
69. Pluhar, E. B., (2010). Meat and morality:Alternatives to factory farming. J. Agric. Environ. Ethics 23:455–68.
70. Pollan, M., (2002). The life of a steer, New York Times 31March2002.
71. Ramankutty, N., Evan, A. T., Monfreda, C., and Foley, J. A., (2008). Farming the planet:1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000. Global Biogeochem. Cy. 22(GB1003):22p.
72. Rosegrant, M., Leach, N., and Gerpacio, R., (1999). Alternative futures for world cereal and meat consumption. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 58(2):219–34.
73. Saha, P., and Trumbo, P., (1996). The nutritional adequacy of a limited vegan diet for a Controlled Ecological Life-Support System. Adv. Space Res. 18:63–72.
74. Sample, I., (2002). Fish fillets grow in tank. New scientist. Retrieved May132008 from http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn2066
75. Savadogo, P., Sawadogo, L., and Tiveau, D., (2007). Effects of grazing intensity and prescribed fire on soil physical and hydrological properties and pasture yield in the savanna woodlands of Burkina Faso. Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 118:80–92.
76. Schlatzer, M., (2010). Tierproduktion und Klimawandel. LIT Verlag, Wien.
77. Schneider, Z., (2013). In vitro Meat:Space travel, cannibalism, and federal regulation. Houston Law Rev. 50:991–1024.
78. Specter, M., (2011). Test-Tube Burgers. New Yorker 23:32–35.
79. Steinfeld, H., Gerber, P., Wassenaar, T., Castel, V., Rosales, M., and De Haan, C., (2006). Livestock's long shadow:Environmental issues and options (Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, p. xxi). Available at:www.virtualcentre.org/en/library/key_pub/longshad/A0701E00.pdf. Accessed March7, 2008.
80. Van Eelen, W. F., Van Kooten, W. J., and Westerhof, W., (1999). WO/1999/031223:Industrial production of meat from in vitro cell cultures. Patent Description http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?wo=1999031223 Accessed Mar.2009.
81. Van Eelen, W. F., (2007). Industrial scale production of meat using cell culture methods. USA. US 7,270,829 B2.
82. Vandenburgh, H., Shansky, J., Benesch-Lee, F., Barbata, V., Reid, J., Thorrez, L., Valentini, R., and Crawford, G., (2008). Drug screening platform based on the contractility of tissue engineered muscle. Muscle nerve 37(4):438–47.
83. Vein, J., (2004). Method for producing tissue engineered meat for consumption. US Patent Number 6835390, http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6835390.html-12/28/2004
84. Webster, R., (2002). The importance of animal influenza for human disease. Vaccine 20(Suppl 2):S16–20.
85. Welin, S., (2013). Introducing the new meat. Problems and orospects. Nordic J. Appl. Ethics 7:24–37.
86. WHO. (2001). Global Burden of Disease Estimates for 2001. World Health Organization, Geneva. http://www3.who.int/whosis/menu.cfm?path=evidence,burden,burden_estimates,burden_estimates_2001&language=english, accessed 9April2004.
87. Williams, A. G., Audsle, E., and Sandars, D. L., (2006). Determining the environmental burdens and resource use in the production of agricultural and horticultural commodities. Main report. Defra Research Project ISO205. Cranfield University and Defra, Bedford.
88. Wolfson, W., (2002). Raising the steaks. New Scientist 176:60–3.
89. WWF. (2008). Facts about soy production and the Basel Criteria. From http://assets.panda.org/downloads/factsheet_soy_eng.pdf. Accessed 14 August 2013.
90. Zandonella, C., (2003). Tissue engineering:The beat goes on. Nature 421(6926):884–6.
91. Zaraska, M., (2013). Lab-grown beef taste test:‘Almost’ like a burger. The Washington Post Published:August5, 2013, Retrieved from:http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/lab-grown-beef-taste-test-almost-like-a-burger/2013/08/05/921a5996-fdf4-11e2-96a8-d3b921c0924a_story.html