메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 445-454

Managing hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author keywords

diabetes mellitus; hypertension; pharmacology

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT;

EID: 84990215961     PISSN: 1521690X     EISSN: 15321908     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2016.06.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (35)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 84919438881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension among adults in the united states: national health and nutrition examination survey, 2011–2012
    • NCHS Data Brief
    • Nwankwo, T., Yoon, S.S., Burt, V., et al. Hypertension among adults in the united states: national health and nutrition examination survey, 2011–2012. 2013, NCHS Data Brief, 1–8.
    • (2013) , pp. 1-8
    • Nwankwo, T.1    Yoon, S.S.2    Burt, V.3
  • 2
    • 84859802214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global status report on noncommunicable disease 2010. Geneva
    • World Health Organization
    • [2] World health organization, Global status report on noncommunicable disease 2010. Geneva., 2011, World Health Organization.
    • (2011)
    • World health organization1
  • 3
    • 84871055775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2010
    • [3] Lim, S.S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2010. Lancet 380 (2012), 2224–2260.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , pp. 2224-2260
    • Lim, S.S.1    Vos, T.2    Flaxman, A.D.3
  • 4
    • 1842724023 scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure in diabetes mellitus: a statistical study
    • [4] Major, S.G., Blood pressure in diabetes mellitus: a statistical study. Arch Int Med 44 (1929), 797–812.
    • (1929) Arch Int Med , vol.44 , pp. 797-812
    • Major, S.G.1
  • 5
    • 84892426164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hypertension and controlled hypertension – united states, 2007–2010
    • [5] Gillespie, C.D., Hurvitz, K.A., Prevalence of hypertension and controlled hypertension – united states, 2007–2010. MMWR Surveill Summ 62:Suppl. 3 (2013), 144–148.
    • (2013) MMWR Surveill Summ , vol.62 , pp. 144-148
    • Gillespie, C.D.1    Hurvitz, K.A.2
  • 6
    • 84884547666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hypertension and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in observational studies: a systematic literature review
    • [6] Colosia, A.D., Palencia, R., Khan, S., Prevalence of hypertension and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in observational studies: a systematic literature review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 6 (2013), 327–338.
    • (2013) Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes , vol.6 , pp. 327-338
    • Colosia, A.D.1    Palencia, R.2    Khan, S.3
  • 7
    • 0027286024 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension in diabetes study (HDS) I: prevalence of hypertension in newly presenting type 2 diabetic patients and the association with risk factors for cardiovascular and diabetic complications
    • [7] Hypertension in diabetes study (HDS) I: prevalence of hypertension in newly presenting type 2 diabetic patients and the association with risk factors for cardiovascular and diabetic complications. J Hypertens 11 (1993), 309–317.
    • (1993) J Hypertens , vol.11 , pp. 309-317
  • 8
    • 0029797001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic precursors of hypertension. The san antonio heart study
    • [8] Haffner, S.M., Miettinen, H., Gaskill, S.P., et al. Metabolic precursors of hypertension. The san antonio heart study. Arch Intern Med 156 (1996), 1994–2001.
    • (1996) Arch Intern Med , vol.156 , pp. 1994-2001
    • Haffner, S.M.1    Miettinen, H.2    Gaskill, S.P.3
  • 9
    • 0034732256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and antihypertensive therapy as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis risk in communities study
    • [9] Gress, T.W., Nieto, F.J., Shahar, E., et al. Hypertension and antihypertensive therapy as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis risk in communities study. N Engl J Med 342 (2000), 905–912.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 905-912
    • Gress, T.W.1    Nieto, F.J.2    Shahar, E.3
  • 10
    • 84968822322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IDF diabetes atlas
    • 7th ed. International Diabetes Federation Brussels
    • [10] International Diabetes Federation, IDF diabetes atlas. 7th ed., 2015, International Diabetes Federation, Brussels.
    • (2015)
    • International Diabetes Federation1
  • 11
    • 0037079309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies
    • [11] Lewington, S., Clarke, R., Qizilbash, N., et al. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 360 (2002), 1903–1913.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 1903-1913
    • Lewington, S.1    Clarke, R.2    Qizilbash, N.3
  • 12
    • 0034641550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study
    • [12] Adler, A.I., Stratton, I.M., Neil, H.A., et al. Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study. BMJ 321 (2000), 412–419.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 412-419
    • Adler, A.I.1    Stratton, I.M.2    Neil, H.A.3
  • 13
    • 0024223817 scopus 로고
    • The prospective cardiovascular munster (PROCAM) study: prevalence of hyperlipidemia in persons with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus and the relationship to coronary heart disease
    • [13] Assmann, G., Schulte, H., The prospective cardiovascular munster (PROCAM) study: prevalence of hyperlipidemia in persons with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus and the relationship to coronary heart disease. Am Heart J 116 (1988), 1713–1724.
    • (1988) Am Heart J , vol.116 , pp. 1713-1724
    • Assmann, G.1    Schulte, H.2
  • 14
    • 0032560807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction
    • [14] Haffner, S.M., Lehto, S., Ronnemaa, T., et al. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. New Engl J Med 339 (1998), 229–234.
    • (1998) New Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 229-234
    • Haffner, S.M.1    Lehto, S.2    Ronnemaa, T.3
  • 15
    • 0023191508 scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance in essential hypertension
    • [15] Ferrannini, E., Buzzigoli, G., Bonadonna, R., et al. Insulin resistance in essential hypertension. N Engl J Med 317 (1987), 350–357.
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.317 , pp. 350-357
    • Ferrannini, E.1    Buzzigoli, G.2    Bonadonna, R.3
  • 16
    • 9544247855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renovascular hypertension and insulin sensitivity
    • [16] Natali, A., Quinones Galvan, A., Arzilli, F., et al. Renovascular hypertension and insulin sensitivity. Eur J Clin Invest 26 (1996), 556–563.
    • (1996) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.26 , pp. 556-563
    • Natali, A.1    Quinones Galvan, A.2    Arzilli, F.3
  • 18
    • 84922567942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure lowering in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Emdin, C.A., Rahimi, K., Neal, B., et al. Blood pressure lowering in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 313 (2015), 603–615.
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.313 , pp. 603-615
    • Emdin, C.A.1    Rahimi, K.2    Neal, B.3
  • 19
    • 34548420712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial
    • Patel, A., MacMahon, S., Chalmers, J., et al. Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 370 (2007), 829–840.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 829-840
    • Patel, A.1    MacMahon, S.2    Chalmers, J.3
  • 20
    • 22144477948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of different blood pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials
    • Turnbull, F., Neal, B., Algert, C., et al. Effects of different blood pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials. Arch Intern Med 165 (2005), 1410–1419.
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , pp. 1410-1419
    • Turnbull, F.1    Neal, B.2    Algert, C.3
  • 21
    • 0032513878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the hypertension optimal treatment (HOT) randomised trial
    • Hot study group
    • [21] Hansson, L., Zanchetti, A., Carruthers, S.G., et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the hypertension optimal treatment (HOT) randomised trial. Hot study group Lancet 351 (1998), 1755–1762.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 1755-1762
    • Hansson, L.1    Zanchetti, A.2    Carruthers, S.G.3
  • 22
    • 0032511580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38
    • UK prospective diabetes study group
    • [22] Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. UK prospective diabetes study group BMJ 317 (1998), 703–713.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 703-713
  • 23
    • 10544229794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of diuretic-based antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in older diabetic patients with isolated systolic hypertension
    • [23] Curb, J.D., Pressel, S.L., Cutler, J.A., et al. Effect of diuretic-based antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in older diabetic patients with isolated systolic hypertension. J Am Med Assoc 276 (1996), 1886–1892.
    • (1996) J Am Med Assoc , vol.276 , pp. 1886-1892
    • Curb, J.D.1    Pressel, S.L.2    Cutler, J.A.3
  • 24
    • 0031556865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension (vol 350, pg 757, 1997)
    • [24] Staessen, J., Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension (vol 350, pg 757, 1997). Lancet, 350, 1997, 1636.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.350 , pp. 1636
    • Staessen, J.1
  • 25
    • 84936750939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease and risk management
    • Cardiovascular disease and risk management. Diabetes Care 38 (2015), S49–S57.
    • (2015) Diabetes Care , vol.38 , pp. S49-S57
  • 26
    • 77951735232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Cushman, W.C., Evans, G.W., Byington, R.P., et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 362 (2010), 1575–1585.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 1575-1585
    • Cushman, W.C.1    Evans, G.W.2    Byington, R.P.3
  • 27
    • 84948439672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control
    • The SPRINT Research Group
    • [27] A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control. The SPRINT Research Group N Engl J Med 373 (2015), 2103–2116.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.373 , pp. 2103-2116
  • 28
    • 0027399060 scopus 로고
    • The fifth report of the joint national committee on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (jnc v)
    • [28] The fifth report of the joint national committee on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (jnc v). Arch Intern Med 153 (1993), 154–183.
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med , vol.153 , pp. 154-183
  • 29
    • 0030713021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sixth report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure
    • [29] The sixth report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. Arch Intern Med 157 (1997), 2413–2446.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 2413-2446
  • 30
    • 0036364543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standards of medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus
    • [30] Standards of medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 25 (2002), 213–229.
    • (2002) Diabetes Care , vol.25 , pp. 213-229
  • 31
    • 0038460302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the jnc 7 report
    • [31] Chobanian, A.V., Bakris, G.L., Black, H.R., et al. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the jnc 7 report. JAMA 289 (2003), 2560–2572.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 2560-2572
    • Chobanian, A.V.1    Bakris, G.L.2    Black, H.R.3
  • 32
    • 35748974873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESH/ESC 2007 guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
    • [32] Mancia, G., De Backer, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. ESH/ESC 2007 guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Rev Esp Cardiol 60:968 (2007), e961–e994.
    • (2007) Rev Esp Cardiol , vol.60 , Issue.968 , pp. e961-e994
    • Mancia, G.1    De Backer, G.2    Dominiczak, A.3
  • 33
    • 84895847061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
    • Taylor, J., 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J 34 (2013), 2108–2109.
    • (2013) Eur Heart J , vol.34 , pp. 2108-2109
    • Taylor, J.1
  • 34
    • 0034700790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the hope study and micro-hope substudy
    • Heart outcomes prevention evaluation study investigators
    • [34] Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the hope study and micro-hope substudy. Heart outcomes prevention evaluation study investigators Lancet 355 (2000), 253–259.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 253-259
  • 35
    • 0042410539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the charm-overall programme
    • [35] Pfeffer, M.A., Swedberg, K., Granger, C.B., et al. Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the charm-overall programme. Lancet 362 (2003), 759–766.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 759-766
    • Pfeffer, M.A.1    Swedberg, K.2    Granger, C.B.3
  • 36
    • 0035922444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • [36] Parving, H.H., Lehnert, H., Brochner-Mortensen, J., et al. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 345 (2001), 870–878.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 870-878
    • Parving, H.H.1    Lehnert, H.2    Brochner-Mortensen, J.3
  • 37
    • 0034627208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system in patients with hypertension, microalbuminuria, and non-insulin dependent diabetes: the candesartan and lisinopril microalbuminuria (calm) study
    • [37] Mogensen, C.E., Neldam, S., Tikkanen, I., et al. Randomised controlled trial of dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system in patients with hypertension, microalbuminuria, and non-insulin dependent diabetes: the candesartan and lisinopril microalbuminuria (calm) study. BMJ 321 (2000), 1440–1444.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 1440-1444
    • Mogensen, C.E.1    Neldam, S.2    Tikkanen, I.3
  • 38
    • 0028376692 scopus 로고
    • Renal protective effects of enalapril in hypertensive niddm: role of baseline albuminuria
    • [38] Lebovitz, H.E., Wiegmann, T.B., Cnaan, A., et al. Renal protective effects of enalapril in hypertensive niddm: role of baseline albuminuria. Kidney Int Suppl 45 (1994), S150–S155.
    • (1994) Kidney Int Suppl , vol.45 , pp. S150-S155
    • Lebovitz, H.E.1    Wiegmann, T.B.2    Cnaan, A.3
  • 39
    • 0035922441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • [39] Brenner, B.M., Cooper, M.E., de Zeeuw, D., et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med 345 (2001), 861–869.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 861-869
    • Brenner, B.M.1    Cooper, M.E.2    de Zeeuw, D.3
  • 40
    • 0035922447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes
    • [40] Lewis, E.J., Hunsicker, L.G., Clarke, W.R., et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 345 (2001), 851–860.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 851-860
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Clarke, W.R.3
  • 41
    • 0037160969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the losartan intervention for endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol
    • [41] Lindholm, L.H., Ibsen, H., Dahlof, B., et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the losartan intervention for endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet 359 (2002), 1004–1010.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1004-1010
    • Lindholm, L.H.1    Ibsen, H.2    Dahlof, B.3
  • 42
    • 0037387809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular outcomes in the irbesartan diabetic nephropathy trial of patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy
    • [42] Berl, T., Hunsicker, L.G., Lewis, J.B., et al. Cardiovascular outcomes in the irbesartan diabetic nephropathy trial of patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy. Ann Intern Med 138 (2003), 542–549.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 542-549
    • Berl, T.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Lewis, J.B.3
  • 43
    • 7444221237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes
    • [43] Ruggenenti, P., Fassi, A., Ilieva, A.P., et al. Preventing microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 351 (2004), 1941–1951.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 1941-1951
    • Ruggenenti, P.1    Fassi, A.2    Ilieva, A.P.3
  • 44
    • 15944409988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes in hypertensive black and nonblack patients treated with chlorthalidone, amlodipine, and lisinopril
    • [44] Wright, J.T. Jr., Dunn, J.K., Cutler, J.A., et al. Outcomes in hypertensive black and nonblack patients treated with chlorthalidone, amlodipine, and lisinopril. JAMA 293 (2005), 1595–1608.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 1595-1608
    • Wright, J.T.1    Dunn, J.K.2    Cutler, J.A.3
  • 45
    • 0029027577 scopus 로고
    • Differing mechanisms of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in black and white hypertensive patients
    • The trandolapril multicenter study group
    • [45] Weir, M.R., Gray, J.M., Paster, R., et al. Differing mechanisms of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in black and white hypertensive patients. The trandolapril multicenter study group Hypertension 26 (1995), 124–130.
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.26 , pp. 124-130
    • Weir, M.R.1    Gray, J.M.2    Paster, R.3
  • 46
    • 0028284249 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of enalapril in combination with low-dose hydrochlorothiazide versus enalapril alone for mild to moderate systemic hypertension in black patients
    • [46] Middlemost, S.J., Tager, R., Davis, J., et al. Effectiveness of enalapril in combination with low-dose hydrochlorothiazide versus enalapril alone for mild to moderate systemic hypertension in black patients. Am J Cardiol 73 (1994), 1092–1097.
    • (1994) Am J Cardiol , vol.73 , pp. 1092-1097
    • Middlemost, S.J.1    Tager, R.2    Davis, J.3
  • 47
    • 25444447999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A noninferiority comparison of valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination versus amlodipine in black hypertensives
    • [47] Weir, M.R., Ferdinand, K.C., Flack, J.M., et al. A noninferiority comparison of valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination versus amlodipine in black hypertensives. Hypertension 46 (2005), 508–513.
    • (2005) Hypertension , vol.46 , pp. 508-513
    • Weir, M.R.1    Ferdinand, K.C.2    Flack, J.M.3
  • 48
    • 84963093143 scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on metabolic control in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • [48] Alkharouf, J., Nalinikumari, K., Corry, D., et al. Long-term effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on metabolic control in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Hypertens 6 (1993), 337–343.
    • (1993) Am J Hypertens , vol.6 , pp. 337-343
    • Alkharouf, J.1    Nalinikumari, K.2    Corry, D.3
  • 49
    • 33749590988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ramipril on the incidence of diabetes
    • [49] Bosch, J., Yusuf, S., Gerstein, H.C., et al. Effect of ramipril on the incidence of diabetes. N Engl J Med 355 (2006), 1551–1562.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1551-1562
    • Bosch, J.1    Yusuf, S.2    Gerstein, H.C.3
  • 50
    • 77951453096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of valsartan on the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular events
    • [50] McMurray, J.J., Holman, R.R., Haffner, S.M., et al. Effect of valsartan on the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 362 (2010), 1477–1490.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 1477-1490
    • McMurray, J.J.1    Holman, R.R.2    Haffner, S.M.3
  • 51
    • 0344373794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT)
    • Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 288 (2002), 2981–2997.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2981-2997
  • 52
    • 22144439426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcomes in antihypertensive treatment of type 2 diabetes, impaired fasting glucose concentration, and normoglycemia: antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (allhat)
    • [52] Whelton, P.K., Barzilay, J., Cushman, W.C., et al. Clinical outcomes in antihypertensive treatment of type 2 diabetes, impaired fasting glucose concentration, and normoglycemia: antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (allhat). Arch Intern Med 165 (2005), 1401–1409.
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , pp. 1401-1409
    • Whelton, P.K.1    Barzilay, J.2    Cushman, W.C.3
  • 53
    • 33846294746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: a network meta-analysis
    • [53] Elliott, W.J., Meyer, P.M., Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: a network meta-analysis. Lancet 369 (2007), 201–207.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 201-207
    • Elliott, W.J.1    Meyer, P.M.2
  • 54
    • 84860859230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of incident diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular outcomes in people treated for hypertension: the allhat diabetes extension study
    • [54] Barzilay, J.I., Davis, B.R., Pressel, S.L., et al. Long-term effects of incident diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular outcomes in people treated for hypertension: the allhat diabetes extension study. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 5 (2012), 153–162.
    • (2012) Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes , vol.5 , pp. 153-162
    • Barzilay, J.I.1    Davis, B.R.2    Pressel, S.L.3
  • 55
    • 0346098176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are calcium antagonists beneficial in diabetic patients with hypertension?
    • [55] Grossman, E., Messerli, F.H., Are calcium antagonists beneficial in diabetic patients with hypertension?. Am J Med 116 (2004), 44–49.
    • (2004) Am J Med , vol.116 , pp. 44-49
    • Grossman, E.1    Messerli, F.H.2
  • 56
    • 0033522149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of calcium-channel blockade in older patients with diabetes and systolic hypertension
    • Systolic hypertension in europe trial investigators
    • [56] Tuomilehto, J., Rastenyte, D., Birkenhager, W.H., et al. Effects of calcium-channel blockade in older patients with diabetes and systolic hypertension. Systolic hypertension in europe trial investigators N Engl J Med 340 (1999), 677–684.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 677-684
    • Tuomilehto, J.1    Rastenyte, D.2    Birkenhager, W.H.3
  • 57
    • 0033140062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of diabetic patients with hypertension
    • [57] Birkenhager, W.H., Staessen, J.A., Treatment of diabetic patients with hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 1 (1999), 225–231.
    • (1999) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.1 , pp. 225-231
    • Birkenhager, W.H.1    Staessen, J.A.2
  • 58
    • 24644443331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the anglo-scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial-blood pressure lowering arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial
    • [58] Dahlof, B., Sever, P.S., Poulter, N.R., et al. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the anglo-scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial-blood pressure lowering arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366 (2005), 895–906.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 895-906
    • Dahlof, B.1    Sever, P.S.2    Poulter, N.R.3
  • 59
    • 0032485350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of nisoldipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension
    • [59] Estacio, R.O., Jeffers, B.W., Hiatt, W.R., et al. The effect of nisoldipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension. N Engl J Med 338 (1998), 645–652.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 645-652
    • Estacio, R.O.1    Jeffers, B.W.2    Hiatt, W.R.3
  • 60
    • 0031944128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome results of the fosinopril versus amlodipine cardiovascular events randomized trial (facet) in patients with hypertension and niddm
    • [60] Tatti, P., Pahor, M., Byington, R.P., et al. Outcome results of the fosinopril versus amlodipine cardiovascular events randomized trial (facet) in patients with hypertension and niddm. Diabetes Care 21 (1998), 597–603.
    • (1998) Diabetes Care , vol.21 , pp. 597-603
    • Tatti, P.1    Pahor, M.2    Byington, R.P.3
  • 61
    • 0032511601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group
    • [61] Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group BMJ 317 (1998), 713–720.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 713-720
  • 62
    • 47649085694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk/benefit assessment of beta-blockers and diuretics precludes their use for first-line therapy in hypertension
    • discussion 2715
    • [62] Messerli, F.H., Bangalore, S., Julius, S., Risk/benefit assessment of beta-blockers and diuretics precludes their use for first-line therapy in hypertension. Circulation 117 (2008), 2706–2715 discussion 2715.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , pp. 2706-2715
    • Messerli, F.H.1    Bangalore, S.2    Julius, S.3
  • 63
    • 7744237066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized controlled trial
    • [63] Bakris, G.L., Fonseca, V., Katholi, R.E., et al. Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 292 (2004), 2227–2236.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.292 , pp. 2227-2236
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Fonseca, V.2    Katholi, R.E.3
  • 64
    • 0030943599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carvedilol and atenolol in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial
    • [64] Giugliano, D., Acampora, R., Marfella, R., et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carvedilol and atenolol in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 126 (1997), 955–959.
    • (1997) Ann Intern Med , vol.126 , pp. 955-959
    • Giugliano, D.1    Acampora, R.2    Marfella, R.3
  • 65
    • 57349138291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients
    • Jamerson, K., Weber, M.A., Bakris, G.L., et al. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 359 (2008), 2417–2428.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 2417-2428
    • Jamerson, K.1    Weber, M.A.2    Bakris, G.L.3
  • 66
    • 77953646392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular events during differing hypertension therapies in patients with diabetes
    • [66] Weber, M.A., Bakris, G.L., Jamerson, K., et al. Cardiovascular events during differing hypertension therapies in patients with diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol 56 (2010), 77–85.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.56 , pp. 77-85
    • Weber, M.A.1    Bakris, G.L.2    Jamerson, K.3
  • 67
    • 42049107348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigators O. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events
    • Yusuf, S., Teo, K.K., Pogue, J., et al. Investigators O. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. New Engl J Med 358 (2008), 1547–1559.
    • (2008) New Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 1547-1559
    • Yusuf, S.1    Teo, K.K.2    Pogue, J.3
  • 68
    • 84887467090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined angiotensin inhibition for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy
    • [68] Fried, L.F., Emanuele, N., Zhang, J.H., et al. Combined angiotensin inhibition for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. N Engl J Med 369 (2013), 1892–1903.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 1892-1903
    • Fried, L.F.1    Emanuele, N.2    Zhang, J.H.3
  • 69
    • 34047197931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension
    • [69] Chapman, N., Dobson, J., Wilson, S., et al. Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension. Hypertension 49 (2007), 839–845.
    • (2007) Hypertension , vol.49 , pp. 839-845
    • Chapman, N.1    Dobson, J.2    Wilson, S.3
  • 70
    • 57149110441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of the selective aldosterone blocker, eplerenone, in patients with resistant hypertension
    • [70] Calhoun, D.A., White, W.B., Effectiveness of the selective aldosterone blocker, eplerenone, in patients with resistant hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens 2 (2008), 462–468.
    • (2008) J Am Soc Hypertens , vol.2 , pp. 462-468
    • Calhoun, D.A.1    White, W.B.2
  • 71
    • 79956349197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of spironolactone in patients with resistant arterial hypertension (aspirant): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • [71] Vaclavik, J., Sedlak, R., Plachy, M., et al. Addition of spironolactone in patients with resistant arterial hypertension (aspirant): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Hypertension 57 (2011), 1069–1075.
    • (2011) Hypertension , vol.57 , pp. 1069-1075
    • Vaclavik, J.1    Sedlak, R.2    Plachy, M.3
  • 72
    • 84947863698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (pathway-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial
    • [72] Williams, B., MacDonald, T.M., Morant, S., et al. Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (pathway-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. Lancet 386:10008 (2015), 2059–2068.
    • (2015) Lancet , vol.386 , Issue.10008 , pp. 2059-2068
    • Williams, B.1    MacDonald, T.M.2    Morant, S.3
  • 73
    • 84884364545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose spironolactone reduces blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind randomized clinical trial
    • [73] Oxlund, C.S., Henriksen, J.E., Tarnow, L., et al. Low dose spironolactone reduces blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind randomized clinical trial. J Hypertens 31 (2013), 2094–2102.
    • (2013) J Hypertens , vol.31 , pp. 2094-2102
    • Oxlund, C.S.1    Henriksen, J.E.2    Tarnow, L.3
  • 74
    • 84928196614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empagliflozin reduces blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension
    • [74] Tikkanen, I., Narko, K., Zeller, C., et al. Empagliflozin reduces blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Diabetes Care 38 (2015), 420–428.
    • (2015) Diabetes Care , vol.38 , pp. 420-428
    • Tikkanen, I.1    Narko, K.2    Zeller, C.3
  • 75
    • 84944800184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes
    • [75] Zinman, B., Wanner, C., Lachin, J.M., et al. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 373:22 (2015), 2117–2128.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.373 , Issue.22 , pp. 2117-2128
    • Zinman, B.1    Wanner, C.2    Lachin, J.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.