메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2016, Pages

Type and timing of adverse childhood experiences differentially affect severity of PTSD, dissociative and depressive symptoms in adult inpatients

Author keywords

Adult psychopathology; Childhood adversities; Depression; Dose dependent; PTSD; Shutdown dissociation; Type and timing

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT;

EID: 84982244556     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1471244X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1004-5     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (228)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 84885234502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood maltreatment and psychopathology: A case for ecophenotypic variants as clinically and neurobiologically distinct subtypes
    • Teicher MH, Samson JA. Childhood maltreatment and psychopathology: A case for ecophenotypic variants as clinically and neurobiologically distinct subtypes. Am J Psychiat. 2013;170:1114-33.
    • (2013) Am J Psychiat , vol.170 , pp. 1114-1133
    • Teicher, M.H.1    Samson, J.A.2
  • 2
    • 85047698705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sticks, stones, and hurtful words: relative effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment
    • Teicher MH, Samson JA, Polcari A, McGreenery CE. Sticks, stones, and hurtful words: relative effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment. Am J Psychiat. 2006;163:993-1000.
    • (2006) Am J Psychiat , vol.163 , pp. 993-1000
    • Teicher, M.H.1    Samson, J.A.2    Polcari, A.3    McGreenery, C.E.4
  • 3
    • 12944331139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological trauma and evidence for enhanced vulnerability for PTSD through previous trauma among West Nile refugees
    • Neuner F, Schauer M, Karunakara U, Klaschik C, Robert C, Elbert T. Psychological trauma and evidence for enhanced vulnerability for PTSD through previous trauma among West Nile refugees. BMC Psychiatry. 2004; doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-4-34.
    • (2004) BMC Psychiatry
    • Neuner, F.1    Schauer, M.2    Karunakara, U.3    Klaschik, C.4    Robert, C.5    Elbert, T.6
  • 6
    • 84958962550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to quantify exposure to traumatic stress? Reliability and predictive validity of measures for cumulative trauma exposure in a post-conflict population
    • Wilker S, Pfeiffer A, Kolassa S, Koslowski D, Elbert T, Kolassa IT. How to quantify exposure to traumatic stress? Reliability and predictive validity of measures for cumulative trauma exposure in a post-conflict population. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2015; doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v6.28306.
    • (2015) Eur J Psychotraumatol.
    • Wilker, S.1    Pfeiffer, A.2    Kolassa, S.3    Koslowski, D.4    Elbert, T.5    Kolassa, I.T.6
  • 7
    • 41249084517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, sensitive periods and maturational events in adolescent depression
    • Andersen SL, Teicher MH. Stress, sensitive periods and maturational events in adolescent depression. Trends Neurosci. 2008;31:183-91.
    • (2008) Trends Neurosci , vol.31 , pp. 183-191
    • Andersen, S.L.1    Teicher, M.H.2
  • 8
    • 84901373522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitive periods of amygdala development: The role of maltreatment in preadolescence
    • Pechtel P, Lyons-Ruth K, Anderson CM, Teicher MH. Sensitive periods of amygdala development: The role of maltreatment in preadolescence. Neuroimage. 2014;97:236-44.
    • (2014) Neuroimage , vol.97 , pp. 236-244
    • Pechtel, P.1    Lyons-Ruth, K.2    Anderson, C.M.3    Teicher, M.H.4
  • 10
    • 0036176653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current comorbidity of psychiatric disorders among DSM-IV major depressive disorder patients in psychiatric care in the Vantaa Depression Study
    • Melartin TK, Rytsala HJ, Leskela US, Lestela-Mielonen PS, Isometsa ET. Current comorbidity of psychiatric disorders among DSM-IV major depressive disorder patients in psychiatric care in the Vantaa Depression Study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63:1-478.
    • (2002) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 1-478
    • Melartin, T.K.1    Rytsala, H.J.2    Leskela, U.S.3    Lestela-Mielonen, P.S.4    Isometsa, E.T.5
  • 12
    • 0032078822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study
    • Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Am J Prev Med. 1998;14:245-58.
    • (1998) Am J Prev Med , vol.14 , pp. 245-258
    • Felitti, V.J.1    Anda, R.F.2    Nordenberg, D.3    Williamson, D.F.4    Spitz, A.M.5    Edwards, V.6
  • 14
    • 84923899606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 'Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure'(MACE) scale for the retrospective assessment of abuse and neglect during development
    • Teicher MH, Parigger A. The 'Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure'(MACE) scale for the retrospective assessment of abuse and neglect during development. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0117423.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10
    • Teicher, M.H.1    Parigger, A.2
  • 15
    • 84876909652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Belastungen in der Kindheit und dissoziative Symptomatik bei Patienten mit psychischen Störungen [Childhood adversities and dissociative symptoms in patients with psychological disorders]
    • Fiess J, Steffen A, Pietrek C, Rockstroh B. Belastungen in der Kindheit und dissoziative Symptomatik bei Patienten mit psychischen Störungen [Childhood adversities and dissociative symptoms in patients with psychological disorders]. Z Klin Psych Psychoth. 2013;42:24-33.
    • (2013) Z Klin Psych Psychoth , vol.42 , pp. 24-33
    • Fiess, J.1    Steffen, A.2    Pietrek, C.3    Rockstroh, B.4
  • 16
    • 68049147419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of childhood trauma and childhood life events for chronicity of depression in adults
    • Wiersma JE, Hovens JG, van Oppen P, Giltay EJ, Van Schaik DJ, Beekman AT, et al. The importance of childhood trauma and childhood life events for chronicity of depression in adults. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70:983-9.
    • (2009) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 983-989
    • Wiersma, J.E.1    Hovens, J.G.2    Oppen, P.3    Giltay, E.J.4    Schaik, D.J.5    Beekman, A.T.6
  • 17
    • 4444377868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood sexual and physical abuse and adult vulnerability to PTSD: The mediating effects of attachment and dissociation
    • Twaite JA, Rodriguez-Srednicki O. Childhood sexual and physical abuse and adult vulnerability to PTSD: The mediating effects of attachment and dissociation. J Child Sex Abuse. 2004;13:17-38.
    • (2004) J Child Sex Abuse , vol.13 , pp. 17-38
    • Twaite, J.A.1    Rodriguez-Srednicki, O.2
  • 18
    • 0032841011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder in abused and neglected children grown up
    • Widom CS. Posttraumatic stress disorder in abused and neglected children grown up. Am J Psychiat. 1999;156:1223-9.
    • (1999) Am J Psychiat , vol.156 , pp. 1223-1229
    • Widom, C.S.1
  • 19
    • 0345686417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood emotional abuse and neglect as predictors of psychological and physical symptoms in women presenting to a primary care practice
    • Spertus IL, Yehuda R, Wong CM, Halligan S, Seremetis SV. Childhood emotional abuse and neglect as predictors of psychological and physical symptoms in women presenting to a primary care practice. Child Abuse Negl. 2003;27:1247-58.
    • (2003) Child Abuse Negl , vol.27 , pp. 1247-1258
    • Spertus, I.L.1    Yehuda, R.2    Wong, C.M.3    Halligan, S.4    Seremetis, S.V.5
  • 20
    • 33847289264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age of onset of child maltreatment predicts long-term mental health outcomes
    • Kaplow JB, Widom CS. Age of onset of child maltreatment predicts long-term mental health outcomes. J Abnorm Psychol. 2007;116:176-87.
    • (2007) J Abnorm Psychol , vol.116 , pp. 176-187
    • Kaplow, J.B.1    Widom, C.S.2
  • 21
    • 2642563624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age of traumatisation as a predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder or major depression in young women
    • Maercker A, Michael T, Fehm L, Becker ES, Margraf J. Age of traumatisation as a predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder or major depression in young women. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;184:482-7.
    • (2004) Br J Psychiatry , vol.184 , pp. 482-487
    • Maercker, A.1    Michael, T.2    Fehm, L.3    Becker, E.S.4    Margraf, J.5
  • 23
    • 77957123656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation following traumatic stress: etiology and treatment
    • Schauer M, Elbert T. Dissociation following traumatic stress: etiology and treatment. J Psychol. 2010;218:109-27.
    • (2010) J Psychol , vol.218 , pp. 109-127
    • Schauer, M.1    Elbert, T.2
  • 24
    • 84904097176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KERF-Ein Instrument zur umfassenden Ermittlung belastender Kindheitserfahrungen [KERF-An instrument for measuring adverse childhood experiences: Construction and psychometric evaluation of the German MACE (Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure) scale]
    • Isele D, Teicher MH, Ruf-Leuschner M, Elbert T, Kolassa IT, Schury K, Schauer M. KERF-Ein Instrument zur umfassenden Ermittlung belastender Kindheitserfahrungen [KERF-An instrument for measuring adverse childhood experiences: Construction and psychometric evaluation of the German MACE (Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure) scale]. Z Klin Psych Psychoth. 2014;43:121-30.
    • (2014) Z Klin Psych Psychoth , vol.43 , pp. 121-130
    • Isele, D.1    Teicher, M.H.2    Ruf-Leuschner, M.3    Elbert, T.4    Kolassa, I.T.5    Schury, K.6    Schauer, M.7
  • 25
    • 84930650668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type and timing of childhood maltreatment and severity of shutdown dissociation in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder
    • Schalinski I, Teicher MH. Type and timing of childhood maltreatment and severity of shutdown dissociation in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0127151.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10
    • Schalinski, I.1    Teicher, M.H.2
  • 26
    • 77956267136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The specificity of childhood adversities and negative life events across the life span to anxiety and depressive disorders
    • Spinhoven P, Elzinga BM, Hovens JG, Roelofs K, Zitman FG, van Oppen P, et al. The specificity of childhood adversities and negative life events across the life span to anxiety and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 2010;126:103-12.
    • (2010) J Affect Disord , vol.126 , pp. 103-112
    • Spinhoven, P.1    Elzinga, B.M.2    Hovens, J.G.3    Roelofs, K.4    Zitman, F.G.5    Oppen, P.6
  • 27
    • 0035035594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: results from the National Comorbidity Survey
    • Molnar BE, Buka SL, Kessler RC. Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Am J Public Health. 2001;91:753-60.
    • (2001) Am J Public Health , vol.91 , pp. 753-760
    • Molnar, B.E.1    Buka, S.L.2    Kessler, R.C.3
  • 28
    • 84898969741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual and physical abuse in childhood is associated with depression and anxiety over the life course: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Lindert J, von Ehrenstein OS, Grashow R, Gal G, Braehler E, Weisskopf MG. Sexual and physical abuse in childhood is associated with depression and anxiety over the life course: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health. 2014;59:359-72.
    • (2014) Int J Public Health , vol.59 , pp. 359-372
    • Lindert, J.1    Ehrenstein, O.S.2    Grashow, R.3    Gal, G.4    Braehler, E.5    Weisskopf, M.G.6
  • 29
    • 0032910319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment and vulnerability to major psychiatric illness: a case control study of early parental loss in major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
    • Agid O, Shapira B, Zislin J, Ritsner M, Hanin B, Murad H, et al. Environment and vulnerability to major psychiatric illness: a case control study of early parental loss in major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 1999;4:163-72.
    • (1999) Mol Psychiatry , vol.4 , pp. 163-172
    • Agid, O.1    Shapira, B.2    Zislin, J.3    Ritsner, M.4    Hanin, B.5    Murad, H.6
  • 30
    • 84885660872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental timing of child maltreatment and symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation in young adulthood: results from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
    • Dunn EC, McLaughlin KA, Slopen N, Rosand J, Smoller JW. Developmental timing of child maltreatment and symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation in young adulthood: results from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Depress Anxiety. 2013;30:955-64.
    • (2013) Depress Anxiety , vol.30 , pp. 955-964
    • Dunn, E.C.1    McLaughlin, K.A.2    Slopen, N.3    Rosand, J.4    Smoller, J.W.5
  • 31
    • 84926622976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood maltreatment, depression, and suicidal ideation: critical importance of parental and peer emotional abuse during developmental sensitive periods in males and females
    • Khan A, McCormack HC, Bolger EA, McGreenery CE, Vitaliano G, Polcari A, et al. Childhood maltreatment, depression, and suicidal ideation: critical importance of parental and peer emotional abuse during developmental sensitive periods in males and females. Front Psychiatry. 2015; doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00042.
    • (2015) Front Psychiatry.
    • Khan, A.1    McCormack, H.C.2    Bolger, E.A.3    McGreenery, C.E.4    Vitaliano, G.5    Polcari, A.6
  • 32
    • 84958608508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NIMH research domain criteria initiative: Background, issues, and pragmatics
    • Kozak MJ, Cuthbert BN. The NIMH research domain criteria initiative: Background, issues, and pragmatics. Psychophysiology. 2016;53:286-97.
    • (2016) Psychophysiology , vol.53 , pp. 286-297
    • Kozak, M.J.1    Cuthbert, B.N.2
  • 34
    • 0003406702 scopus 로고
    • The ICD-10 international classification of mental and behavioural disorders
    • Geneva: WHO
    • World Health Organization. The ICD-10 international classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines. Geneva: WHO; 1992.
    • (1992) Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines
  • 35
    • 16644381195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychometric properties of the life events checklist
    • Gray MJ, Litz BT, Hsu JL, Lombardo TW. Psychometric properties of the life events checklist. Assessment. 2004;11:330-41.
    • (2004) Assessment , vol.11 , pp. 330-341
    • Gray, M.J.1    Litz, B.T.2    Hsu, J.L.3    Lombardo, T.W.4
  • 36
    • 84870465485 scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
    • 4th ed. Washington, DC: APA
    • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: APA; 1994.
    • (1994)
  • 37
    • 0034030630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the PTSD symptom scale-interview version and the clinician-administered PTSD scale
    • Foa EB, Tolin DF. Comparison of the PTSD symptom scale-interview version and the clinician-administered PTSD scale. J Trauma Stress. 2000;13:181-91.
    • (2000) J Trauma Stress , vol.13 , pp. 181-191
    • Foa, E.B.1    Tolin, D.F.2
  • 38
    • 0023681619 scopus 로고
    • A structured interview guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
    • Williams JB. A structured interview guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Arc Gen Psychiatry. 1988;45:742-7.
    • (1988) Arc Gen Psychiatry , vol.45 , pp. 742-747
    • Williams, J.B.1
  • 39
    • 0035666723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standardizing the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: past, present, and future
    • Williams JB. Standardizing the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: past, present, and future. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001;251:6-12.
    • (2001) Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.251 , pp. 6-12
    • Williams, J.B.1
  • 40
    • 84982269201 scopus 로고
    • Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing
    • Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc Ser B. 1995;57:289-300.
    • (1995) J R Stat Soc Ser B , vol.57 , pp. 289-300
    • Benjamini, Y.1    Hochberg, Y.2
  • 41
    • 0035478854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Random forests
    • Breiman L. Random forests. Mach Learn. 2001;45:5-32.
    • (2001) Mach Learn , vol.45 , pp. 5-32
    • Breiman, L.1
  • 42
    • 33847096395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bias in random forest variable importance measures: Illustrations, sources and a solution
    • Strobl C, Boulesteix AL, Zeileis A, Hothorn T. Bias in random forest variable importance measures: Illustrations, sources and a solution. BMC Bioinformatics. 2007;8:25.
    • (2007) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.8 , pp. 25
    • Strobl, C.1    Boulesteix, A.L.2    Zeileis, A.3    Hothorn, T.4
  • 43
    • 56249113343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building predictive models in R using the caret package
    • Kuhn M. Building predictive models in R using the caret package. J Stat Softw. 2008;28:1-26.
    • (2008) J Stat Softw , vol.28 , pp. 1-26
    • Kuhn, M.1
  • 44
    • 0003772730 scopus 로고
    • Akaike information criterion statistics
    • Dordrecht: Reidel Publishing Company
    • Sakamoto Y, Ishiguro M, Kitagawa G. Akaike information criterion statistics. Dordrecht: Reidel Publishing Company; 1986.
    • (1986)
    • Sakamoto, Y.1    Ishiguro, M.2    Kitagawa, G.3
  • 45
  • 47
    • 84943279701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cortisol Paradox of Trauma-Related Disorders: lower phasic responses but higher tonic levels of cortisol are associated with sexual abuse in childhood
    • Schalinski I, Elbert T, Steudte-Schmiedgen S, Kirschbaum C. The Cortisol Paradox of Trauma-Related Disorders: lower phasic responses but higher tonic levels of cortisol are associated with sexual abuse in childhood. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0136921.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10
    • Schalinski, I.1    Elbert, T.2    Steudte-Schmiedgen, S.3    Kirschbaum, C.4
  • 49
    • 0027345851 scopus 로고
    • Psychopathology and early experience: a reappraisal of retrospective reports
    • Brewin CR, Andrews B, Gotlib IH. Psychopathology and early experience: a reappraisal of retrospective reports. Psychol Bull. 1993;113:82-98.
    • (1993) Psychol Bull , vol.113 , pp. 82-98
    • Brewin, C.R.1    Andrews, B.2    Gotlib, I.H.3
  • 50
    • 0033379830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of reports of violent victimization and posttraumatic stress disorder among men and women with serious mental illness
    • Goodman LA, Thompson KM, Weinfurt K, Corl S, Acker P, Mueser KT, et al. Reliability of reports of violent victimization and posttraumatic stress disorder among men and women with serious mental illness. J Trauma Stress. 1999;12:587-99.
    • (1999) J Trauma Stress , vol.12 , pp. 587-599
    • Goodman, L.A.1    Thompson, K.M.2    Weinfurt, K.3    Corl, S.4    Acker, P.5    Mueser, K.T.6
  • 51
    • 0029872755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability and validity of a measure of sexual and physical abuse histories among women with serious mental illness
    • Meyer IH, Muenzenmaier K, Cancienne J, Struening E. Reliability and validity of a measure of sexual and physical abuse histories among women with serious mental illness. Child Abuse Negl. 1996;20:213-9.
    • (1996) Child Abuse Negl , vol.20 , pp. 213-219
    • Meyer, I.H.1    Muenzenmaier, K.2    Cancienne, J.3    Struening, E.4
  • 52
    • 79955457643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability and comparability of psychosis patients' retrospective reports of childhood abuse
    • Fisher HL, Craig TK, Fearon P, Morgan K, Dazzan P, Lappin J, et al. Reliability and comparability of psychosis patients' retrospective reports of childhood abuse. Schizophr Bull. 2011;37:546-53.
    • (2011) Schizophr Bull , vol.37 , pp. 546-553
    • Fisher, H.L.1    Craig, T.K.2    Fearon, P.3    Morgan, K.4    Dazzan, P.5    Lappin, J.6
  • 53
    • 0032894804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memories of childhood abuse: dissociation, amnesia, and corroboration
    • Chu JA, Frey LM, Ganzel BL, Matthews JA. Memories of childhood abuse: dissociation, amnesia, and corroboration. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156:749-55.
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 749-755
    • Chu, J.A.1    Frey, L.M.2    Ganzel, B.L.3    Matthews, J.A.4
  • 54
    • 47049129161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of child maltreatment using prospective and self-report methodologies: a comparison of maltreatment incidence and relation to later psychopathology
    • Shaffer A, Huston L, Egeland B. Identification of child maltreatment using prospective and self-report methodologies: a comparison of maltreatment incidence and relation to later psychopathology. Child Abuse Negl. 2008;32:682-92.
    • (2008) Child Abuse Negl , vol.32 , pp. 682-692
    • Shaffer, A.1    Huston, L.2    Egeland, B.3
  • 55
    • 0027942769 scopus 로고
    • Recall of childhood trauma: a prospective study of women's memories of child sexual abuse
    • Williams LM. Recall of childhood trauma: a prospective study of women's memories of child sexual abuse. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994;62:1167-76.
    • (1994) J Consult Clin Psychol , vol.62 , pp. 1167-1176
    • Williams, L.M.1
  • 56
    • 0031945718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental catch-up, and deficit, following adoption after severe global early privation
    • Rutter M. Developmental catch-up, and deficit, following adoption after severe global early privation. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1998;39:465-76.
    • (1998) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 465-476
    • Rutter, M.1
  • 58
    • 84877796604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of child sexual abuse on the course of bipolar disorder: a systematic review
    • Maniglio R. The impact of child sexual abuse on the course of bipolar disorder: a systematic review. Bipolar Disord. 2013;15:341-58.
    • (2013) Bipolar Disord , vol.15 , pp. 341-358
    • Maniglio, R.1
  • 59
    • 84857582541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: a meta-analysis
    • Nanni V, Uher R, Danese A. Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: a meta-analysis. Am J Psychiat. 2014;169:141-51.
    • (2014) Am J Psychiat , vol.169 , pp. 141-151
    • Nanni, V.1    Uher, R.2    Danese, A.3
  • 60
    • 84930638671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of childhood adversities on the short-term course of illness in psychotic spectrum disorders
    • Schalinski I, Fischer Y, Rockstroh B. Impact of childhood adversities on the short-term course of illness in psychotic spectrum disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2015;228:633-40.
    • (2015) Psychiatry Res , vol.228 , pp. 633-640
    • Schalinski, I.1    Fischer, Y.2    Rockstroh, B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.