메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 73, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 681-686

Hexavalent and trivalent chromium in leather: What should be done?

Author keywords

Allergic contact dermatitis; Chromium; Content; Hexavalent; Leather; Regulation; Release; Risk; Trivalent

Indexed keywords

CHROMIUM; CHROMIUM HEXAVALENT ION;

EID: 84982152459     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.09.007     Document Type: Note
Times cited : (36)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0021066999 scopus 로고
    • Influence of detergent washing powders on minimal eliciting patch test concentrations of nickel and chromium
    • Allenby C.F., Goodwin B.F. Influence of detergent washing powders on minimal eliciting patch test concentrations of nickel and chromium. Contact Dermat. 1983, 9(6):491-499.
    • (1983) Contact Dermat. , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 491-499
    • Allenby, C.F.1    Goodwin, B.F.2
  • 2
    • 34547898037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational dermatitis related to chromium and cobalt, experience of dermatologists (EPIDERM) andoccupational physicians (OPRA) in the U.K. over an 11-year period (1993-2004)
    • Athavale P., Shum K.W., Chen Y., Agius R., Cherry N., Gawkrodger D.J. Occupational dermatitis related to chromium and cobalt, experience of dermatologists (EPIDERM) andoccupational physicians (OPRA) in the U.K. over an 11-year period (1993-2004). Br. J. Dermatol. 2007, 157(3):518-522.
    • (2007) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.157 , Issue.3 , pp. 518-522
    • Athavale, P.1    Shum, K.W.2    Chen, Y.3    Agius, R.4    Cherry, N.5    Gawkrodger, D.J.6
  • 7
    • 0346725882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational skin disease in the construction industry
    • Bock M., Schmidt A., Bruckner T., Diepgen T.L. Occupational skin disease in the construction industry. Br. J. Dermatol. 2003, 149:1165-1171.
    • (2003) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.149 , pp. 1165-1171
    • Bock, M.1    Schmidt, A.2    Bruckner, T.3    Diepgen, T.L.4
  • 8
    • 84910152268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of chromium-allergic dermatitis patients prior to regulatory intervention for chromium in leather, a questionnaire study
    • Bregnbak D., Thyssen J.P., Zachariae C., Johansen J.D. Characteristics of chromium-allergic dermatitis patients prior to regulatory intervention for chromium in leather, a questionnaire study. Contact Dermat. 2014, 71(6):338-347.
    • (2014) Contact Dermat. , vol.71 , Issue.6 , pp. 338-347
    • Bregnbak, D.1    Thyssen, J.P.2    Zachariae, C.3    Johansen, J.D.4
  • 9
    • 84921344647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between cobalt allergy and dermatitis caused by leather articles - a questionnaire study
    • Bregnbak D., Thyssen J.P., Zachariae C., Johansen J.D., Menné T. Association between cobalt allergy and dermatitis caused by leather articles - a questionnaire study. Contact Dermat. 2014, 72:106-114.
    • (2014) Contact Dermat. , vol.72 , pp. 106-114
    • Bregnbak, D.1    Thyssen, J.P.2    Zachariae, C.3    Johansen, J.D.4    Menné, T.5
  • 10
    • 78649301550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluctuations in the prevalence of chromate allergy in Denmark and exposure to chrome-tanned leather
    • Carøe C., Andersen K.E., Thyssen J.P., Mortz C.G. Fluctuations in the prevalence of chromate allergy in Denmark and exposure to chrome-tanned leather. Contact Dermat. 2010, 63(6):340-346.
    • (2010) Contact Dermat. , vol.63 , Issue.6 , pp. 340-346
    • Carøe, C.1    Andersen, K.E.2    Thyssen, J.P.3    Mortz, C.G.4
  • 11
    • 35048826179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemio-allergological study in 155 cases of footwear dermatitis
    • Chowdhuru S., Ghosh S. Epidemio-allergological study in 155 cases of footwear dermatitis. Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Lepr. 2007, 73:319-322.
    • (2007) Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Lepr. , vol.73 , pp. 319-322
    • Chowdhuru, S.1    Ghosh, S.2
  • 12
    • 84155162897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethyl fumarate contact dermatitis of the foot, an increasingly widespread disease
    • D'Erme A.M., Bassi A., Lotti T., Gola M. Dimethyl fumarate contact dermatitis of the foot, an increasingly widespread disease. Int. J. Dermatol. 2012, 51(1):42-45.
    • (2012) Int. J. Dermatol. , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 42-45
    • D'Erme, A.M.1    Bassi, A.2    Lotti, T.3    Gola, M.4
  • 13
    • 33845525771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allergic contact sensitization in the general adult population, a population-based study from northern Norway
    • Dotterud L.K., Smith-Sivertsen T. Allergic contact sensitization in the general adult population, a population-based study from northern Norway. Contact Dermat. 2007, 56(1):10-15.
    • (2007) Contact Dermat. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-15
    • Dotterud, L.K.1    Smith-Sivertsen, T.2
  • 14
    • 84982232406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commission regulation (EU) no 301/2014 of 25 March 2014 amending annex XVII to regulation (EC) no 1907/2006 of the European parliament and of the council on the registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals (REACH) as regards chromium VI compounds
    • March 2014
    • EC Commission regulation (EU) no 301/2014 of 25 March 2014 amending annex XVII to regulation (EC) no 1907/2006 of the European parliament and of the council on the registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals (REACH) as regards chromium VI compounds. OJEU 2014, 26. March 2014.
    • (2014) OJEU , vol.26
  • 15
    • 84982219031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Background document to the Opinion on the Annex XV dossier proposing restrictions on Chromium VI in leather articles
    • EChA Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) Committee for Socio-economic Analysis (SEAC) 2012, Background document to the Opinion on the Annex XV dossier proposing restrictions on Chromium VI in leather articles. http://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/181c7157-76cf-4356-b1d8-664e43a1a3bd.
    • (2012) Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) Committee for Socio-economic Analysis (SEAC)
  • 16
    • 85071996781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water
    • 3595.
    • EFSA CONTAM Panel (EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain) Scientific opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water. EFSA J. 2014, 12(3):261. 3595. 10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3595.
    • (2014) EFSA J. , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 261
  • 17
    • 79955889900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can exposure limitations for well-known contact allergens be simplified? An analysis of dose-response patchtest data
    • Fischer L.A., Menné T., Voelund A., Johansen J.D. Can exposure limitations for well-known contact allergens be simplified? An analysis of dose-response patchtest data. Contact Dermat. 2011, 64(6):337-342.
    • (2011) Contact Dermat. , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 337-342
    • Fischer, L.A.1    Menné, T.2    Voelund, A.3    Johansen, J.D.4
  • 18
    • 0030924395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shoe dermatitis
    • Freeman S. Shoe dermatitis. Contact Dermat. 1997, 36(5):247-251.
    • (1997) Contact Dermat. , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 247-251
    • Freeman, S.1
  • 19
  • 20
    • 79955576503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational contact allergy inthe building trade in Germany, influence of preventive measures and changingexposure
    • Geier J., Krautheim A., Uter W., Lessmann H., Schnuch A. Occupational contact allergy inthe building trade in Germany, influence of preventive measures and changingexposure. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2011, 84(4):403-411.
    • (2011) Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health , vol.84 , Issue.4 , pp. 403-411
    • Geier, J.1    Krautheim, A.2    Uter, W.3    Lessmann, H.4    Schnuch, A.5
  • 21
    • 17444385223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal allergy in Singapore
    • Goon A.T., Goh C.L. Metal allergy in Singapore. Contact Dermat. 2005, 52(3):130-132.
    • (2005) Contact Dermat. , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 130-132
    • Goon, A.T.1    Goh, C.L.2
  • 22
    • 84859709569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shoes
    • Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, J.D. Johansen (Ed.)
    • Goossens A., Taylor J.S. Shoes. Contact Dermatitis 2011, 819-830. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg. J.D. Johansen (Ed.).
    • (2011) Contact Dermatitis , pp. 819-830
    • Goossens, A.1    Taylor, J.S.2
  • 24
    • 1242292392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium allergy: significance of both Cr(III) and Cr(VI)
    • Hansen M.B., Johansen J.D., Menné T. Chromium allergy: significance of both Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Contact Dermat. 2003, 49:206-212.
    • (2003) Contact Dermat. , vol.49 , pp. 206-212
    • Hansen, M.B.1    Johansen, J.D.2    Menné, T.3
  • 25
    • 0036765489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative aspects of contact allergy to chromium and exposure to chrome-tanned leather
    • Hansen M.B., Rydin S., Mennè T., Johansen J.D. Quantitative aspects of contact allergy to chromium and exposure to chrome-tanned leather. Contact Dermat. 2002, 47:127-134.
    • (2002) Contact Dermat. , vol.47 , pp. 127-134
    • Hansen, M.B.1    Rydin, S.2    Mennè, T.3    Johansen, J.D.4
  • 26
    • 33646559984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in leather and elicitation of eczema
    • Hansen M.B., Menne T., Johansen J.D. Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in leather and elicitation of eczema. Contact Dermat. 2006, 54(5):278-282.
    • (2006) Contact Dermat. , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 278-282
    • Hansen, M.B.1    Menne, T.2    Johansen, J.D.3
  • 27
    • 84925708663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium released from leather - I: exposure conditions that govern the release of chromium(III) and chromium(VI)
    • Hedberg Y.S., Lidén C., Wallinder I.O. Chromium released from leather - I: exposure conditions that govern the release of chromium(III) and chromium(VI). Contact Dermat. 2015, 72(4):206-215. 10.1111/cod.12329.
    • (2015) Contact Dermat. , vol.72 , Issue.4 , pp. 206-215
    • Hedberg, Y.S.1    Lidén, C.2    Wallinder, I.O.3
  • 28
    • 84908004696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between bulk- and surface chemistry of cr-tanned leather and the release of Cr(III) and Cr(VI)
    • Hedberg Y.S., Linden C., Walliner I.O. Correlation between bulk- and surface chemistry of cr-tanned leather and the release of Cr(III) and Cr(VI). J. Hazard. Mat. 2014, 280:654-661.
    • (2014) J. Hazard. Mat. , vol.280 , pp. 654-661
    • Hedberg, Y.S.1    Linden, C.2    Walliner, I.O.3
  • 29
    • 22144470863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 10 years' experience of patch testing with a shoe series in 230 patients: which allergens are important?
    • Holden C.R., Gawkrodger D.J. 10 years' experience of patch testing with a shoe series in 230 patients: which allergens are important?. Contact Dermat. 2005, 53:37-39.
    • (2005) Contact Dermat. , vol.53 , pp. 37-39
    • Holden, C.R.1    Gawkrodger, D.J.2
  • 30
  • 31
    • 85027922982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch test characteristics of patients referred for suspected contact allergy of the feet-retrospective 10-year cross-sectional study of the IVDK data
    • Landeck L., Uter W., John S.M. Patch test characteristics of patients referred for suspected contact allergy of the feet-retrospective 10-year cross-sectional study of the IVDK data. Contact Dermat. 2012, 66:271-278.
    • (2012) Contact Dermat. , vol.66 , pp. 271-278
    • Landeck, L.1    Uter, W.2    John, S.M.3
  • 32
    • 44349164006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deposition of nickel, chromium, and cobalt on the skin in some occupations. Assessment by acid wipe sampling
    • Lidén C., Skare L., Nise G., Vahter M. Deposition of nickel, chromium, and cobalt on the skin in some occupations. Assessment by acid wipe sampling. Contact Dermat. 2008, 58(6):347-354.
    • (2008) Contact Dermat. , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 347-354
    • Lidén, C.1    Skare, L.2    Nise, G.3    Vahter, M.4
  • 33
    • 33847616155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time trends in Swedish patch test data from 1992 to 2000. A multi-centre study based on age- and sex-adjusted results of the Swedish standard series
    • Lindberg M., Edman B., Fischer T., Stenberg B. Time trends in Swedish patch test data from 1992 to 2000. A multi-centre study based on age- and sex-adjusted results of the Swedish standard series. Contact Dermat. 2007, 56:205-210.
    • (2007) Contact Dermat. , vol.56 , pp. 205-210
    • Lindberg, M.1    Edman, B.2    Fischer, T.3    Stenberg, B.4
  • 34
    • 84927690635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium released from leather - II, the importance of environmental parameters
    • Mathiason F., Lidén C., Hedberg Y.S. Chromium released from leather - II, the importance of environmental parameters. Contact Dermat. 2015, 72(5):275-285.
    • (2015) Contact Dermat. , vol.72 , Issue.5 , pp. 275-285
    • Mathiason, F.1    Lidén, C.2    Hedberg, Y.S.3
  • 36
    • 27144501093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between the localization of foot dermatitis and the causative allergens in shoes, a 13-yearretrospective study
    • Nardelli A., Taveirne M., Drieghe J., Carbonez A., Degreef H., Goossens A. The relation between the localization of foot dermatitis and the causative allergens in shoes, a 13-yearretrospective study. Contact Dermat. 2005, 53(4):201-206.
    • (2005) Contact Dermat. , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 201-206
    • Nardelli, A.1    Taveirne, M.2    Drieghe, J.3    Carbonez, A.4    Degreef, H.5    Goossens, A.6
  • 38
    • 38049065563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of patch test results from 1970 to 2002 in a multi-centre population in North America (NACDG)
    • Nguyen S.H., Dang T.P., MacPherson C., Maibach H., Maibach H.I. Prevalence of patch test results from 1970 to 2002 in a multi-centre population in North America (NACDG). Contact Dermat. 2008, 58(2):101-106.
    • (2008) Contact Dermat. , vol.58 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-106
    • Nguyen, S.H.1    Dang, T.P.2    MacPherson, C.3    Maibach, H.4    Maibach, H.I.5
  • 39
    • 84922903332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch test results of the European baseline series among patients with occupational contact dermatitis acrossEurope - analyses of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergy network, 2002-2010
    • Pesonen M., Jolanki R., Larese Filon F., Wilkinson M., Krecisz B., Kieć-Świerczyńska M., Bauer A., Mahler V., John S.M., Schnuch A., Uter W., ESSCA network Patch test results of the European baseline series among patients with occupational contact dermatitis acrossEurope - analyses of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergy network, 2002-2010. Contact Dermat. 2015, 72(3):154-163.
    • (2015) Contact Dermat. , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 154-163
    • Pesonen, M.1    Jolanki, R.2    Larese Filon, F.3    Wilkinson, M.4    Krecisz, B.5    Kieć-Świerczyńska, M.6    Bauer, A.7    Mahler, V.8    John, S.M.9    Schnuch, A.10    Uter, W.11
  • 40
    • 8544279668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch testing with lower concentrations of chromate and nickel
    • Rudzki E., Rebandel P., Karaś Z. Patch testing with lower concentrations of chromate and nickel. Contact Dermat. 1997, 37(1):46.
    • (1997) Contact Dermat. , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 46
    • Rudzki, E.1    Rebandel, P.2    Karaś, Z.3
  • 41
    • 0013942538 scopus 로고
    • Patch test reactions to hexavalent and trivalent chromium compounds
    • Samitz M.H., Shrager J. Patch test reactions to hexavalent and trivalent chromium compounds. Arch. Dermatol. 1966, 94:304-306.
    • (1966) Arch. Dermatol. , vol.94 , pp. 304-306
    • Samitz, M.H.1    Shrager, J.2
  • 42
    • 79960233000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A summary of shoe allergic contact dermatitis caused by dimethyl fumarate in Spain
    • Silvestre J.F., Toledo F., Mercader P., Giménez-Arnau A.M., Spanish Research Group of Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to Dimethyl Fumarate in Spain A summary of shoe allergic contact dermatitis caused by dimethyl fumarate in Spain. Contact Dermat. 2011, 65(2):122-123.
    • (2011) Contact Dermat. , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 122-123
    • Silvestre, J.F.1    Toledo, F.2    Mercader, P.3    Giménez-Arnau, A.M.4
  • 45
    • 84929209021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Leather Maker, July/August
    • Tegtmeyer D., Rabe V. Modern Chrome Tanning is Safe 2014, 18-19. International Leather Maker, July/August. http://internationalleathermaker.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/1055/Modern_chrome_tanning_is_safe.html.
    • (2014) Modern Chrome Tanning is Safe , pp. 18-19
    • Tegtmeyer, D.1    Rabe, V.2
  • 46
    • 77049102900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal allergysa review on exposures, penetration, genetics, prevalence, and clinical implications
    • Thyssen J.P., Menné T. Metal allergysa review on exposures, penetration, genetics, prevalence, and clinical implications. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2010, 23:309-318.
    • (2010) Chem. Res. Toxicol. , vol.23 , pp. 309-318
    • Thyssen, J.P.1    Menné, T.2
  • 48
    • 71949084096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of chromium allergy in Denmark is currently increasing as a result of leather exposure
    • Thyssen J.P., Jensen P., Carlsen B.C., Engkilde K., Menné T. The prevalence of chromium allergy in Denmark is currently increasing as a result of leather exposure. Br. J. Dermatol. 2009, 161:1288-1293.
    • (2009) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.161 , pp. 1288-1293
    • Thyssen, J.P.1    Jensen, P.2    Carlsen, B.C.3    Engkilde, K.4    Menné, T.5
  • 50
    • 35248880520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of contact allergy in the general population - prevalence and main findings
    • Thyssen J.P., Linneberg A., Menné T., Johansen J.D. The epidemiology of contact allergy in the general population - prevalence and main findings. Contact Dermat. 2007, 57:287-299.
    • (2007) Contact Dermat. , vol.57 , pp. 287-299
    • Thyssen, J.P.1    Linneberg, A.2    Menné, T.3    Johansen, J.D.4
  • 51
    • 85027926571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium in leather footwear - risk assessment of chromium allergy and dermatitis
    • Thyssen J.P., Strandesen M., Poulsen P.B., Menné T., Johansen J.D. Chromium in leather footwear - risk assessment of chromium allergy and dermatitis. Contact Dermat. 2012, 66(5):279-285.
    • (2012) Contact Dermat. , vol.66 , Issue.5 , pp. 279-285
    • Thyssen, J.P.1    Strandesen, M.2    Poulsen, P.B.3    Menné, T.4    Johansen, J.D.5
  • 52
    • 79960231694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between lesion site and concentration of dimethyl fumarate in different parts of shoes in patientswith contact dermatitis caused by dimethyl fumarate in footwear
    • Toledo F., Silvestre J.F., Cuesta L., Borrego L., Pérez M. Correlation between lesion site and concentration of dimethyl fumarate in different parts of shoes in patientswith contact dermatitis caused by dimethyl fumarate in footwear. Contact Dermat. 2011, 65(2):92-95.
    • (2011) Contact Dermat. , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 92-95
    • Toledo, F.1    Silvestre, J.F.2    Cuesta, L.3    Borrego, L.4    Pérez, M.5
  • 54
    • 29544435909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro permeation of chromium species through porcine and human skin as determined by capillaryelectrophoresis-inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry
    • Van Lierde V., Chéry C.C., Roche N., Monstrey S., Moens L., Vanhaecke F. In vitro permeation of chromium species through porcine and human skin as determined by capillaryelectrophoresis-inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2006, 384(2):378-384.
    • (2006) Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , vol.384 , Issue.2 , pp. 378-384
    • Van Lierde, V.1    Chéry, C.C.2    Roche, N.3    Monstrey, S.4    Moens, L.5    Vanhaecke, F.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.