Rifabutin: Where do we stand in 2016?

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Volumn 71, Issue 7, 2016, Pages 1759-1771

  Crabol, Yoann ^a   Catherinot, Emilie ^b   Veziris, Nicolas ^c,d   Jullien, Vincent ^e,f   Lortholary, Olivier ^a,f,g  

^a HÔPITAL NECKER ENFANTS MALADES   (France)

^b FOCH HOSPITAL   (France)

^c PITIÉ SALPÊTRIÈRE HOSPITAL   (France)

^d Assistance publique Hôpitaux de Paris   (France)

^e HÔPITAL EUROPÉEN GEORGES POMPIDOU   (France)

^f UNIVERSITÉ PARIS DESCARTES   (France)

^g IMAGINE INSTITUTE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ATENOLOL; BUPRENORPHINE; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; MACROLIDE; METHADONE; NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR; PHENYTOIN; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RIFABUTIN; RIFAMPICIN; TUBERCULOSTATIC AGENT;

ABNORMALLY HIGH SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD; ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ACUTE GENERALIZED EXANTHEMATOUS PUSTULOSIS; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ARTHRALGIA; ARTICLE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ATYPICAL MYCOBACTERIOSIS; BACTERIUM; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BODY FLUID; DEPIGMENTATION; DRUG CEREBROSPINAL FLUID LEVEL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INHIBITION; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; DRUG TOLERANCE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FLU LIKE SYNDROME; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; IN VITRO STUDY; INFECTION PREVENTION; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; LUNG DISEASE; LUNG TUBERCULOSIS; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; NEUTROPENIA; NONHUMAN; ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION; PREGNANCY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RASH; RETINA MACULA CYSTOID EDEMA; RETINA VASCULITIS; SIDE EFFECT; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; UVEITIS; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DRUG EFFECTS; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TEST; MYCOBACTERIUM INFECTIONS;

ANTIBIOTICS, ANTITUBERCULAR; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; HUMANS; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; MYCOBACTERIUM INFECTIONS; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; RIFABUTIN; RIFAMPIN;

EID: 84979021154     PISSN: 03057453     EISSN: 14602091     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw024     Document Type: Article

References (155)

1. Blumberg HM, BurmanWJ, Chaisson RE et al. American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America: treatment of tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 167: 603-62
2. Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA et al. An Official ATS/IDSA Statement: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175: 367-416
3. Forrest GN, Tamura K. Rifampin combination therapy for nonmycobacterial infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010; 23: 14-34
4. Durante-Mangoni E, Signoriello G, Andini R et al. Colistin and rifampicin compared with colistin alone for the treatment of serious infections due to extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57: 349-58
5. Blaschke TF, Skinner MH. The clinical pharmacokinetics of rifabutin. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22 Suppl 1: S15-21; discussion S21-2
6. Davies G, Cerri S, Richeldi L. Rifabutin for treating pulmonary tuberculosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; issue 4: CD005159
7. WHO. 2009. http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/committees/expert/17/en/
8. Kurashima A, Mori T, Tomono Y et al. [A new anti-mycobacterial agent, rifabutin]. Kekkaku 2010; 85: 743-56
9. Van der Auwera P, Matsumoto T et al. Intraphagocytic penetration of antibiotics. J Antimicrob Chemother 1988; 22: 185-92
10. Battaglia R, Salgarollo G, Zini G et al. Absorption, disposition, and urinary metabolism of 14C-rifabutin in rats. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35: 1391-6
11. Siegal FP, Eilbott D, Burger H et al. Dose-limiting toxicity of rifabutin in AIDS-related complex: syndrome of arthralgia/arthritis. AIDS 1990; 4: 433-41
12. Katoh M, Watanabe M, Tabata T et al. In vivo induction of human cytochrome P450 3A4 by rifabutin in chimeric mice with humanized liver. Xenobiotica 2005; 35: 863-75
13. Reinach B, de Sousa G, Dostert P et al. Comparative effects of rifabutin and rifampicin on cytochromes P450 and UDP-glucuronosyl-transferases expression in fresh and cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Chem Biol Interact 1999; 121: 37-48
14. Liu XG, Narang PK, Li RC. Induction of hepatic and presystemic metabolism of antipyrine in the mice: rifampicin versus rifabutin. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2001; 26: 209-13
15. Li AP, Reith MK, Rasmussen A et al. Primary human hepatocytes as a tool for the evaluation of structure-activity relationship in cytochrome P450 induction potential of xenobiotics: evaluation of rifampin, rifapentine and rifabutin. Chem Biol Interact 1997; 107: 17-30
16. Bassilios N, Launay-Vacher V, Hamani A-A et al. Pharmacokinetics and dosage adjustment of rifabutin in a haemodialysis patient. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17: 531-2
17. Acocella G. Clinical pharmacokinetics of rifampicin. Clin Pharmacokinet 1978; 3: 108-27
18. Della Bruna C, Schioppacassi G, Ungheri D et al. LM 427, a new spiropiperidylrifamycin: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1983; 36: 1502-6
19. Dickinson JM, Mitchison DA. Experimental models to explain the high sterilizing activity of rifampin in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981; 123: 367-71
20. Gill SK, Garcia GA. Rifamycin inhibition of WT and Rif-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Escherichia coli RNA polymerases in vitro. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2011; 91: 361-9
21. Weiner M, Benator D, Burman W et al. Association between acquired rifamycin resistance and the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin and isoniazid among patients with HIV and tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40: 1481
22. Dhople AM, Williams SL. The activity of rifabutin against Mycobacterium leprae in armadillos. Int J Antimicrob Agents 1997; 9: 169-73
23. Heifets LB, Iseman MD, Lindholm-Levy PJ. Determination of MICs of conventional and experimental drugs in liquid medium by the radiometric method against Mycobacterium avium complex. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1987; 13: 529-38
24. van Ingen J, van der Laan T, Dekhuijzen R et al. In vitro drug susceptibility of 2275 clinical non-tuberculous Mycobacterium isolates of 49 species in The Netherlands. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010; 35: 169-73
25. Dhople AM, Ibanez MA. In-vitro activity of three new fluoroquinolones and synergy with ansamycins against Mycobacterium leprae. J Antimicrob Chemother 1993; 32: 445-51
26. Pfyffer GE, Bonato DA, Ebrahimzadeh A et al. Multicenter laboratory validation of susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against classical second-line and newer antimicrobial drugs by using the radiometric BACTEC 460 technique and the proportion method with solid media. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37: 3179-86
27. Schön T, Juréen P, Chryssanthou E et al. Rifampicin-resistant and rifabutin-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains: a breakpoint artefact? J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68: 2074-7
28. Sirgel FA, Warren RM, Böttger EC et al. The rationale for using rifabutin in the treatment of MDR and XDR tuberculosis outbreaks. PLoS One 2013; 8: e59414
29. Shafran SD, Talbot JA, Chomyc S et al. Does in vitro susceptibility to rifabutin and ethambutol predict the response to treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia with rifabutin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin? Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27: 1401-5
30. Sanchez CJ, Shiels SM, Tennent DJ et al. Rifamycin derivatives are effective against staphylococcal biofilms in vitro and elutable from PMMA. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2015; 473: 2874-84
31. Van der Auwera P, Joly P. Comparative in-vitro activities of teicoplanin, vancomycin, coumermycin and ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with rifampicin or LM 427, against Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother 1987; 19: 313-20
32. Kim IH, Combrink KD, Ma Z et al. Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of a novel series of rifabutin-like spirorifamycins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17: 1181-4
33. Fujii K, Tsuji A, Miyazaki S et al. In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of KRM-1648 and KRM-1657, new rifamycin derivatives. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38: 1118-22
34. Lee HJ, Bergen PJ, Bulitta JB et al. Synergistic activity of colistin and rifampin combination against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an in vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57: 3738-45
35. Vaara M. Comparative activity of rifabutin and rifampicin against gramnegative bacteria that have damaged or defective outer membranes. J Antimicrob Chemother 1993; 31: 799-801
36. Telenti A, Imboden P, Marchesi F et al. Detection of rifampicinresistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lancet 1993; 341: 647-50
37. Zaczek A, Brzostek A, Augustynowicz-Kopec E et al. Genetic evaluation of relationship between mutations in rpoB and resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to rifampin. BMC Microbiol 2009; 9: 10
38. Cavusoglu C, Karaca-Derici Y, Bilgic A. In-vitro activity of rifabutin against rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with known rpoB mutations. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004; 10: 662-5
39. Sintchenko V, Chew WK, Jelfs PJ et al. Mutations in rpoB gene and rifabutin susceptibility of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Australia. Pathology 1999; 31: 257-60
40. Uzun M, Erturan Z, Anğ O. Investigation of cross-resistance between rifampin and rifabutin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2002; 6: 164-5
41. Senol G, Erbaycu A, Ozsöz A. Incidence of cross resistance between rifampicin and rifabutin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Izmir, Turkey. J Chemother 2005; 17: 380-4
42. van Ingen J, Aarnoutse R, de Vries G et al. Low-level rifampicinresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains raise a new therapeutic challenge. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2011; 15: 990-2
43. Matteelli A, Olliaro P, Signorini L et al. Tolerability of twice-weekly rifabutin-isoniazid combinations versus daily isoniazid for latent tuberculosis in HIV-infected subjects: a pilot study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1999; 3: 1043-6
44. Schwander S, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Mateega A et al. A pilot study of antituberculosis combinations comparing rifabutin with rifampicin in the treatment of HIV-1 associated tuberculosis. A single-blind randomized evaluation in Ugandan patients with HIV-1 infection and pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuber Lung Dis 1995; 76: 210-8
45. Gonzalez-Montaner LJ, Natal S, Yongchaiyud P et al. Rifabutin for the treatment of newly-diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis: a multinational, randomized, comparative study versus rifampicin. Rifabutin Study Group. Tuber Lung Dis 1994; 75: 341-7
46. Anon. A controlled study of rifabutin and an uncontrolled study of ofloxacin in the retreatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid, streptomycin and rifampicin. Hong Kong Chest Service/British Medical Research Council. Tuber Lung Dis 1992; 73: 59-67
47. Pretet S, Lebeaut A, Parrot R et al. Combined chemotherapy including rifabutin for rifampicin and isoniazid resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. G.E.T.I.M. (Group for the Study and Treatment of Resistant Mycobacterial Infection). Eur Respir J 1992; 5: 680-4
48. Jo K-W, Ji W, Hong Y et al. The efficacy of rifabutin for rifabutinsusceptible, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Respir Med 2013; 107: 292-7
49. Moore RD, Chaisson RE. Survival analysis of two controlled trials of rifabutin prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium complex in AIDS. AIDS 1995; 9: 1337-42
50. Benson CA, Williams PL, Cohn DL et al. Clarithromycin or rifabutin alone or in combination for primary prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients with AIDS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group 196/Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS 009 Protocol Team. J Infect Dis 2000; 181: 1289-97
51. Havlir DV, Dubé MP, Sattler FR et al. Prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex with weekly azithromycin, daily rifabutin, or both. California Collaborative Treatment Group. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 392-8
52. May T, Brel F, Beuscart C et al. Comparison of combination therapy regimens for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with disseminated bacteremia due to Mycobacterium avium. ANRS Trial 033 Curavium Group. Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25: 621-9
53. Gordin FM, Sullam PM, Shafran SD et al. A randomized, placebocontrolled study of rifabutin added to a regimen of clarithromycin and ethambutol for treatment of disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 28: 1080-5
54. Griffith DE, Brown-Elliott BA, Langsjoen B et al. Clinical and molecular analysis of macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 928-34
55. Griffith DE, Brown BA, Cegielski P et al. Early results (at 6 months) with intermittent clarithromycin-including regimens for lung disease due to Mycobacterium avium complex. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30: 288-92
56. Griffith DE, Brown BA, Girard WM et al. Azithromycin-containing regimens for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 1547-53
57. van Ingen J, Egelund EF, Levin A et al. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease treatment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 186: 559-65
58. Griffith DE, Brown BA, Girard WM et al. Adverse events associated with high-dose rifabutin in macrolide-containing regimens for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21: 594-8
59. Moultrie H, McIlleron H, Sawry S et al. Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70: 543-9
60. McGregor MM, Olliaro P, Wolmarans L et al. Efficacy and safety of rifabutin in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154: 1462-7
61. Nightingale SD, Cameron DW, Gordin FM et al. Two controlled trials of rifabutin prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in AIDS. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 828-33
62. Griffith DE, Brown BA, Wallace RJ Jr. Varying dosages of rifabutin affect white blood cell and platelet counts in human immunodeficiency virusnegative patients who are receiving multidrug regimens for pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 1321-2
63. Tabarsi P, Soraghi A, Marjani M et al. Comparison of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan in diagnosing invasive aspergillosis in solid-organ transplant recipients. Exp Clin Transplant 2012; 10: 278-81
64. Shafran SD, Singer J, Zarowny DP et al. Determinants of rifabutinassociated uveitis in patients treated with rifabutin, clarithromycin, and ethambutol for Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia: a multivariate analysis. Canadian HIV Trials Network Protocol 010 Study Group. J Infect Dis 1998; 177: 252-5
65. Vaudaux JD, Guex-Crosier Y. Rifabutin-induced cystoid macular oedema. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002; 49: 421-2
66. Arevalo JF, Russack V, Freeman WR. New ophthalmic manifestations of presumed rifabutin-related uveitis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997; 28: 321-4
67. Holland SP, Chang CW, Vagh M et al. Corneal endothelial deposits in patients with HIV infection or AIDS: epidemiologic evidence of the contribution of rifabutin. Can J Ophthalmol 1999; 34: 204-9
68. Mitra A, Ghosh YK, McElvanney AM. Corneal endothelial deposits associated with rifabutin treatment in Crohn's disease. Eye (Lond) 2006; 20: 250-2
69. Williams K, Ilari L. Persistent corneal endothelial deposits associated with rifabutin therapy for Crohn's disease. Cornea 2010; 29: 706-7
70. Parola D, Dell'Orso D, Giovagnoli S et al. [The tolerability and therapeutic efficacy of rifabutin in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis]. Recenti Prog Med 1999; 90: 254-7
71. Berning SE, Iseman MD. Rifamycin-induced lupus syndrome. Lancet 1997; 349: 1521-2
72. Martínez E, Collazos J, Mayo J. Hypersensitivity reactions to rifampin. Pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, management strategies, and review of the anaphylactic-like reactions. Medicine (Baltimore) 1999; 78: 361-9
73. Dautzenberg B, Olliaro P, Ruf B et al. Rifabutin versus placebo in combination with three drugs in the treatment of nontuberculousmycobacterial infection in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22: 705-8
74. Smith JF, Flanigan TP. Unusual pigmentation in patients with AIDS who are receiving rifabutin for bacteremia due to Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare complex. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21: 1515-6
75. Martínez Rivera C, Andreo García F, Ribas Solà J et al. [Pseudojaundice caused by rifabutine]. Med Clin (Barc) 1997; 109: 38
76. Chen C-P, Hsu Y-H, Hong S-J. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by rifabutin. Arch Dermatol 2009; 145: 1069-70
77. Anon. Updated guidelines for the use of rifabutin or rifampin for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients taking protease inhibitors or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2000; 49: 185-9
78. Mancini P, Pasqua F, Mazzei L et al. Rifabutin treatment for tuberculosis patients with liver function abnormalities. J Antimicrob Chemother 1992; 30: 242
79. Morimoto K, Yoshiyama T, Kuse M et al. [Clinical experience using rifabutin for treating infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in elderly Japanese patients]. Kekkaku 2013; 88: 625-8
80. Horne DJ, Spitters C, Narita M. Experience with rifabutin replacing rifampin in the treatment of tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2011; 15: 1485-9, i
81. Chien J-Y, Chien S-T, Huang S-Y et al. Safety of rifabutin replacing rifampicin in the treatment of tuberculosis: a single-centre retrospective cohort study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69: 790-6
82. Goldberg SV, Hanson D, Peloquin CA. Rifamycin treatment of tuberculosis in a patient receiving atenolol: less interaction with rifabutin than with rifampin. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37: 607-8
83. Della Bruna C, Jabes D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB): natural resistance and effect of prolonged exposure to rifabutin (RBT) and rifampicin (RMP). In: Abstracts of the Ninth International Conference on AIDS, Berlin, 1993. Abstract PO-B07-1181
84. Rodríguez JC, Cebrián L, RuizMet al. Mutant prevention concentration of isoniazid, rifampicin and rifabutin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chemotherapy 2005; 51: 76-9
85. Weltman AC, Righi SP, DiFerdinando GT Jr et al. Rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lancet 1995; 345: 1513
86. Bishai WR, Graham NM, Harrington S et al. Brief report: rifampinresistant tuberculosis in a patient receiving rifabutin prophylaxis. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1573-6
87. Ridzon R, Whitney CG, McKenna MT et al. Risk factors for rifampin mono-resistant tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 1881-4
88. Li J, MunsiffSS, Driver CR et al. Relapse and acquired rifampin resistance in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis treated with rifampin-or rifabutin-based regimens in New York City, 1997-2000. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41: 83-91
89. Meynard JL, Lalande V, Meyohas MC et al. Rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium kansasii infection in a patient with AIDS who was receiving rifabutin. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 24: 1262-3
90. Wood CA. Rifampicin-resistant staphylococcal bacteraemia in patient with AIDS receiving rifabutin. Lancet 1994; 343: 919-20
91. Strolin Benedetti M. Pharmacokinetics of rifabutin and its influence on the associated behavior of associated drugs. In: Abstracts of the Seventh International Conference on AIDS, Florence, 1991. Satellite Symposium 18 June 1991: Therapeutic Approach to Mycobacterial Interactions in AIDS
92. Ruslami R, Ganiem AR, Dian S et al. Intensified regimen containing rifampicin and moxifloxacin for tuberculous meningitis: an open-label, randomised controlled phase 2 trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2013; 13: 27-35
93. Peloquin CA, Jaresko GS, Yong C-L et al. Population pharmacokinetic modeling of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41: 2670-9
94. Kunin CM. Antimicrobial activity of rifabutin. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22 Suppl 1: S3-14
95. Kjellsson MC, Via LE, Goh A et al. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of the penetration of antituberculosis agents in rabbit pulmonary lesions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56: 446-57
96. Battaglia R, Pianezzola E, Salgarollo G et al. Absorption, disposition and preliminary metabolic pathway of 14C-rifabutin in animals and man. J Antimicrob Chemother 1990; 26: 813-22
97. Skinner MH, Hsieh M, Torseth J et al. Pharmacokinetics of rifabutin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989; 33: 1237-41
98. Borin MT, Chambers JH, Carel BJ et al. Pharmacokinetic study of the interaction between rifabutin and delavirdine mesylate in HIV-1 infected patients. Antiviral Res 1997; 35: 53-63
99. Narang P. Clinical pharmacology of rifabutin: a new antimycobacterial. Rev Cont Pharmacother 1995; 6: 129-51
100. Hombach M, Somoskövi A, Hömke R et al. Drug susceptibility distributions in slowly growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria using MGIT 960 TB eXiST. Int J Med Microbiol 2013; 303: 270-6
101. Burman W, Benator D, Vernon A et al. Acquired rifamycin resistance with twice-weekly treatment of HIV-related tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 350-6
102. Rawson TM, Brima N, Almajid F et al. Outcomes from treating tuberculosis with rifampicin or rifabutin in HIV-infected persons also receiving antiretroviral therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2015; 68: e84-7
103. Lee CN, Lin TP, Chang MF et al. Rifabutin as salvage therapy for cases of chronic multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Taiwan. J Chemother 1996; 8: 137-43
104. Dautzenberg B, Castellani P, Pellegrin JL et al. Early bactericidal activity of rifabutin versus that of placebo in treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia in AIDS patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40: 1722-5
105. Dautzenberg B, Truffot C, Mignon A et al. Rifabutin in combination with clofazimine, isoniazid and ethambutol in the treatment of AIDS patients with infections due to opportunist mycobacteria. Groupe d'Etude et de Traitement des Infections à Mycobacteries Résistantes. Tubercle 1991; 72: 168-75
106. Sullam PM, Gordin FM, Wynne BA. Efficacy of rifabutin in the treatment of disseminated infection due to Mycobacterium avium complex. The Rifabutin Treatment Group. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19: 84-6
107. Shafran SD, Singer J, Zarowny DP et al. A comparison of two regimens for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia in AIDS: rifabutin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin versus rifampin, ethambutol, clofazimine, and ciprofloxacin. Canadian HIV Trials Network Protocol 010 Study Group. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 377-83
108. Benson CA, Williams PL, Currier JS et al. A prospective, randomized trial examining the efficacy and safety of clarithromycin in combination with ethambutol, rifabutin, or both for the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37: 1234
109. Cohn DL, Fisher EJ, Peng GT et al. A prospective randomized trial of four three-drug regimens in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacteriumaviumcomplex disease in AIDS patients: excessmortality associated with high-dose clarithromycin. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 29: 125-33
110. O'Brien RJ, Geiter LJ, Lyle MA. Rifabutin (ansamycin LM427) for the treatment of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 821-6
111. Wallace RJ Jr, Brown BA, Griffith DE et al. Initial clarithromycin monotherapy for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 1335-41
112. Wallace RJ Jr, Brown BA, Griffith DE et al. Clarithromycin regimens for pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex. The first 50 patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 1766-72
113. Griffith DE, Brown BA, Girard WM et al. Azithromycin activity against Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease in patients who were not infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 983-9
114. Wallace RJ, Brown-Elliott BA, McNulty S et al. Macrolide/azalide therapy for nodular/bronchiectatic Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Chest 2014; 146: 276-82
115. Baciewicz AM, Chrisman CR, Finch CK et al. Update on rifampin and rifabutin drug interactions. Am J Med Sci 2008; 335: 126-36
116. Baciewicz AM, Chrisman CR, Finch CK et al. Update on rifampin, rifabutin, and rifapentine drug interactions. Curr Med Res Opin 2013; 29: 1-12
117. Finch CK, Chrisman CR, Baciewicz AM et al. Rifampin and rifabutin drug interactions: an update. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 985-92
118. Geist MJP, Egerer G, Burhenne J et al. Induction of voriconazole metabolism by rifampin in a patient with acutemyeloid leukemia: importance of interdisciplinary communication to prevent treatment errors with complex medications. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51: 3455-6
119. Schwiesow JN, Iseman MD, Peloquin CA. Concomitant use of voriconazole and rifabutin in a patient with multiple infections. Pharmacotherapy 2008; 28: 1076-80
120. Hohmann C, Kang EM, Jancel T. Rifampin and posaconazole coadministration leads to decreased serum posaconazole concentrations. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 50: 939-40
121. Krishna G, Parsons A, Kantesaria B et al. Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of posaconazole and rifabutin following co-administration to healthy men. Curr Med Res Opin 2007; 23: 545-52
122. Todd JR, Arigala MR, Penn RL et al. Possible clinically significant interaction of itraconazole plus rifampin. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2001; 15: 505-10
123. Lefort A, Launay O, Carbon C. Uveitis associated with rifabutin prophylaxis and itraconazole therapy. Ann Intern Med 1996; 125: 939-40
124. Moon SM, Park HY, Jeong B-H et al. Effect of rifampin and rifabutin on serum itraconazole levels in patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and coexisting nontuberculousmycobacterial infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59: 663-5
125. Panomvana Na Ayudhya D, Thanompuangseree N, Tansuphaswadikul S. Effect of rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in patients with AIDS. Clin Pharmacokinet 2004; 43: 725-32
126. Jordan MK, Polis MA, Kelly G et al. Effects of fluconazole and clarithromycin on rifabutin and 25-O-desacetylrifabutin pharmacokinetics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44: 2170-2
127. Hafner R, Bethel J, Standiford HCet al. Tolerance and pharmacokinetic interactions of rifabutin and azithromycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 1572-7
128. Magis-Escurra C, Alffenaar JW, Hoefnagels I et al. Pharmacokinetic studies in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013; 42: 256-61
129. Wallace RJ Jr, Brown BA, Griffith DE et al. Reduced serum levels of clarithromycin in patients treated with multidrug regimens including rifampin or rifabutin for Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare infection. J Infect Dis 1995; 171: 747-50
130. Ribera E, Pou L, Fernandez-Sola A et al. Rifampin reduces concentrations of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in serum in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 3238-41
131. Winter HR, Trapnell CB, Slattery JT et al. The effect of clarithromycin, fluconazole, and rifabutin on dapsone hydroxylamine formation in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection (AACTG 283). Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004; 76: 579-87
132. Thapar MM, Ashton M, Lindegårdh N et al. Time-dependent pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism of atovaquone plus proguanil (Malarone) when taken as chemoprophylaxis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 58: 19-27
133. Huengsberg M, Castelino S, Sherrard J et al. Does drug interaction cause failure of PCP prophylaxis with dapsone? Lancet 1993; 341: 48
134. GillumJG, Sesler JM, Bruzzese VL et al. Induction of theophylline clearance by rifampin and rifabutin in healthy male volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40: 1866-9
135. Barditch-Crovo P, Trapnell CB, Ette E et al. The effects of rifampin and rifabutin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a combination oral contraceptive. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999; 65: 428-38
136. Dedicoat MJ. Rifampicin reduces methadone concentrations. BMJ 2012; 344: e4199
137. Brown LS, Sawyer RC, Li R et al. Lack of a pharmacologic interaction between rifabutin and methadone in HIV-infected former injecting drug users. Drug Alcohol Depend 1996; 43: 71-7
138. McCance-Katz EF, Moody DE, Prathikanti S et al. Rifampin, but not rifabutin, may produce opiate withdrawal in buprenorphine-maintained patients. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011; 118: 326-34
139. Vandevelde C, Chang A, Andrews D et al. Rifampin and ansamycin interactions with cyclosporine after renal transplantation. Pharmacotherapy 1991; 11: 88-9
140. Singh N, Paterson DL. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in solid-organ transplant recipients: impact and implications for management. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27: 1266-77
141. Fischer L, Sterneck M, Albrecht H et al. Vertebral osteomyelitis due to Rhodococcus equi in a liver transplant recipient. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26: 749-52
142. Lu KJ, Grigg A, Leslie D et al. Mycobacterium genavense duodenitis following allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2009; 11: 534-6
143. Lee YT, Hwang S, Lee S-G et al. Living-donor liver transplantation in patients with concurrent active tuberculosis at transplantation. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14: 1039-44
144. Rammaert B, Couderc L-J, Rivaud E et al. Mycobacterium genavense as a cause of subacute pneumonia in patients with severe cellular immunodeficiency. BMC Infect Dis 2011; 11: 311
145. Tabarsi P, Farshidpour M, Marjani M et al. Mycobacterial infection and the impact of rifabutin treatment in organ transplant recipients: a singlecenter study. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2015; 26: 6-11
146. López-Montes A, Gallego E, López E et al. Treatment of tuberculosis with rifabutin in a renal transplant recipient. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 44: e59-63
147. Hickey MD, Quan DJ, Chin-Hong PV et al. Use of rifabutin for the treatment of a latent tuberculosis infection in a patient after solid organ transplantation. Liver Transpl 2013; 19: 457-61
148. Lefeuvre S, Rebaudet S, Billaud EM et al. Management of rifamycins-everolimus drug-drug interactions in a liver-transplant patient with pulmonary tuberculosis. Transpl Int 2012; 25: e120-3
149. CDC. Updated guidelines for the use of rifabutin or rifampin for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients taking protease inhibitors or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2000; 49; 185-9
150. Sekar V, Lavreys L, Van de Casteele T et al. Pharmacokinetics of darunavir/ritonavir and rifabutin coadministered in HIV-negative healthy volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 4440-5
151. Benator DA, Weiner MH, Burman WJ et al. Clinical evaluation of the nelfinavir-rifabutin interaction in patients with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27: 793-800
152. la Porte CJL, Sabo JP, Elgadi M et al. Interaction studies of tipranavirritonavir with clarithromycin, fluconazole, and rifabutin in healthy volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53: 162-73
153. Kakuda TN, Woodfall B, De Marez T et al. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of the interaction between etravirine and rifabutin or clarithromycin in HIV-negative, healthy volunteers: results from two Phase 1 studies. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69: 728-34
154. Dooley KE, Sayre P, Borland J et al. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the HIV integrase inhibitor dolutegravir given twice daily with rifampin or once daily with rifabutin: results of a phase 1 study among healthy subjects. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013; 62: 21-7
155. Ramanathan S, Mathias AA, German P et al. Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the HIV integrase inhibitor elvitegravir. Clin Pharmacokinet 2011; 50: 229-44