메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 128, Issue 5, 2016, Pages 516-522

Ten pitfalls in the proper management of patients with hyponatremia

Author keywords

formulas; hyponatremia; overcorrection; Sodium; syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion; treatment; vaptans

Indexed keywords

CONIVAPTAN; DEMECLOCYCLINE; DESMOPRESSIN; FUROSEMIDE; POTASSIUM; SODIUM CHLORIDE; TOLVAPTAN; VASOPRESSIN; VASOPRESSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; DIURETIC AGENT; SODIUM; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT;

EID: 84978409987     PISSN: 00325481     EISSN: 19419260     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2016.1186488     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (15)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 84873733575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrolyte disorders in community subjects: prevalence and risk factors
    • G.Liamis, E.M.Rodenburg, A.Hofman, et al. Electrolyte disorders in community subjects: prevalence and risk factors. Am J Med. 2013;126:256–263.
    • (2013) Am J Med , vol.126 , pp. 256-263
    • Liamis, G.1    Rodenburg, E.M.2    Hofman, A.3
  • 2
    • 84901019538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia in patients with heart failure
    • T.D.Filippatos, M.S.Elisaf Hyponatremia in patients with heart failure. World J Cardiol. 2013;5:317–328.
    • (2013) World J Cardiol , vol.5 , pp. 317-328
    • Filippatos, T.D.1    Elisaf, M.S.2
  • 3
    • 84954285470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten common pitfalls in the evaluation of patients with hyponatremia
    • 29:22–25
    • T.D.Filippatos, G.Liamis, F.Christopoulou, et al. Ten common pitfalls in the evaluation of patients with hyponatremia. Eur J Intern Med. 2016;29:22–25.
    • (2016) Eur J Intern Med
    • Filippatos, T.D.1    Liamis, G.2    Christopoulou, F.3
  • 4
    • 46249105557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mild hyponatremia and risk of fracture in the ambulatory elderly
    • F.Gankam Kengne, C.Andres, L.Sattar, et al. Mild hyponatremia and risk of fracture in the ambulatory elderly. QJM. 2008;101:583–588.
    • (2008) QJM , vol.101 , pp. 583-588
    • Gankam Kengne, F.1    Andres, C.2    Sattar, L.3
  • 5
    • 30944460468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mild chronic hyponatremia is associated with falls, unsteadiness, and attention deficits
    • B.Renneboog, W.Musch, X.Vandemergel, et al. Mild chronic hyponatremia is associated with falls, unsteadiness, and attention deficits. Am J Med. 2006;119:71 e1–8.
    • (2006) Am J Med , vol.119 , pp. 71 e1-8
    • Renneboog, B.1    Musch, W.2    Vandemergel, X.3
  • 6
    • 79957580063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mild hyponatremia as a risk factor for fractures: the Rotterdam Study
    • E.J.Hoorn, F.Rivadeneira, J.B.Van Meurs, et al. Mild hyponatremia as a risk factor for fractures: the Rotterdam Study. J Bone Miner Res. 2011;26:1822–1828.
    • (2011) J Bone Miner Res , vol.26 , pp. 1822-1828
    • Hoorn, E.J.1    Rivadeneira, F.2    Van Meurs, J.B.3
  • 7
    • 83555174302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia and bone: an emerging relationship
    • E.J.Hoorn, G.Liamis, R.Zietse, et al. Hyponatremia and bone: an emerging relationship. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2012;8:33–39.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Endocrinol , vol.8 , pp. 33-39
    • Hoorn, E.J.1    Liamis, G.2    Zietse, R.3
  • 8
    • 36849045208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osmotic demyelination syndrome following rapid correction of hyponatraemia
    • D.M.Snell, C.Bartley. Osmotic demyelination syndrome following rapid correction of hyponatraemia. Anaesthesia. 2008;63:92–95.
    • (2008) Anaesthesia , vol.63 , pp. 92-95
    • Snell, D.M.1    Bartley, C.2
  • 9
    • 84961018100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central pontine myelinolysis
    • A.N.Tavare, D.Murray. Central pontine myelinolysis. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:e8.
    • (2016) N Engl J Med , vol.374 , pp. e8
    • Tavare, A.N.1    Murray, D.2
  • 10
    • 84916216543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: a systematic review
    • T.D.Singh, J.E.Fugate, A.A.Rabinstein. Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: a systematic review. Eur J Neurol. 2014;21:1443–1450.
    • (2014) Eur J Neurol , vol.21 , pp. 1443-1450
    • Singh, T.D.1    Fugate, J.E.2    Rabinstein, A.A.3
  • 11
    • 84884874250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations
    • J.G.Verbalis, S.R.Goldsmith, A.Greenberg, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations. Am J Med. 2013;126:S1–S42.
    • (2013) Am J Med , vol.126 , pp. S1-S42
    • Verbalis, J.G.1    Goldsmith, S.R.2    Greenberg, A.3
  • 12
    • 84897383512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia
    • G.Spasovski, R.Vanholder, B.Allolio, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29(Suppl 2):i1–i39.
    • (2014) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.29 , pp. i1-i39
    • Spasovski, G.1    Vanholder, R.2    Allolio, B.3
  • 13
    • 79953879704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine disorders: causes of hyponatremia not to neglect
    • G.Liamis, H.J.Milionis, M.Elisaf. Endocrine disorders: causes of hyponatremia not to neglect. Ann Med. 2011;43:179–187.
    • (2011) Ann Med , vol.43 , pp. 179-187
    • Liamis, G.1    Milionis, H.J.2    Elisaf, M.3
  • 14
  • 15
    • 0026470564 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative hyponatremic encephalopathy in menstruant women
    • J.C.Ayus, J.M.Wheeler, A.I.Arieff. Postoperative hyponatremic encephalopathy in menstruant women. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:891–897.
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.117 , pp. 891-897
    • Ayus, J.C.1    Wheeler, J.M.2    Arieff, A.I.3
  • 16
    • 84908495307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia
    • H.J.Adrogue, N.E.Madias. Diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014;64:681–684.
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.64 , pp. 681-684
    • Adrogue, H.J.1    Madias, N.E.2
  • 17
    • 84978319038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hyponatremia: what the clinician needs to know
    • G.Liamis, M.Elisaf. Treatment of hyponatremia: what the clinician needs to know. J Nephrol Res. 2015;1:19–21.
    • (2015) J Nephrol Res , vol.1 , pp. 19-21
    • Liamis, G.1    Elisaf, M.2
  • 18
    • 84939489667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An unsuspected cause of hyponatremia: beer potomania
    • R.Pallavi. An unsuspected cause of hyponatremia: beer potomania. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015;63:1714–1715.
    • (2015) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.63 , pp. 1714-1715
    • Pallavi, R.1
  • 19
    • 84931087059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rare case of low-solute hyponatremia in a nonalcoholic person
    • W.Srisung, C.Mankongpaisarnrung, C.Anaele, et al. A rare case of low-solute hyponatremia in a nonalcoholic person. Case Rep Nephrol Dial. 2015;5:49–53.
    • (2015) Case Rep Nephrol Dial , vol.5 , pp. 49-53
    • Srisung, W.1    Mankongpaisarnrung, C.2    Anaele, C.3
  • 20
    • 0031747721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beer potomania” in non-beer drinkers: effect of low dietary solute intake
    • S.M.Thaler, I.Teitelbaum, T.Berl. “Beer potomania” in non-beer drinkers: effect of low dietary solute intake. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;31:1028–1031.
    • (1998) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.31 , pp. 1028-1031
    • Thaler, S.M.1    Teitelbaum, I.2    Berl, T.3
  • 21
    • 77949558804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A patient with severe hyponatremia and hypokalemia: osmotic demyelination following potassium repletion
    • T.Berl, A.Rastegar. A patient with severe hyponatremia and hypokalemia: osmotic demyelination following potassium repletion. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;55:742–748.
    • (2010) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.55 , pp. 742-748
    • Berl, T.1    Rastegar, A.2
  • 22
    • 24144451941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osmotic myelinolysis following chronic hyponatremia corrected at an overall rate consistent with current recommendations
    • C.Dellabarca, K.S.Servilla, B.Hart, et al. Osmotic myelinolysis following chronic hyponatremia corrected at an overall rate consistent with current recommendations. Int Urol Nephrol. 2005;37:171–173.
    • (2005) Int Urol Nephrol , vol.37 , pp. 171-173
    • Dellabarca, C.1    Servilla, K.S.2    Hart, B.3
  • 23
    • 0028276629 scopus 로고
    • Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia: association with hypokalemia
    • J.W.Lohr. Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia: association with hypokalemia. Am J Med. 1994;96:408–413.
    • (1994) Am J Med , vol.96 , pp. 408-413
    • Lohr, J.W.1
  • 24
    • 38449086577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertonic saline for hyponatremia: risk of inadvertent overcorrection
    • H.K.Mohmand, D.Issa, Z.Ahmad, et al. Hypertonic saline for hyponatremia: risk of inadvertent overcorrection. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;2:1110–1117.
    • (2007) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.2 , pp. 1110-1117
    • Mohmand, H.K.1    Issa, D.2    Ahmad, Z.3
  • 25
    • 33744821110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic approach in patients with dysnatraemias
    • G.Liamis, M.Kalogirou, V.Saugos, et al. Therapeutic approach in patients with dysnatraemias. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:1564–1569.
    • (2006) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.21 , pp. 1564-1569
    • Liamis, G.1    Kalogirou, M.2    Saugos, V.3
  • 27
    • 33744948378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical approach to altered serum sodium levels
    • A.Duggal, P.Yadav, A.Agarwal, et al. Clinical approach to altered serum sodium levels. JIACM. 2006;7:91–103.
    • (2006) JIACM , vol.7 , pp. 91-103
    • Duggal, A.1    Yadav, P.2    Agarwal, A.3
  • 29
    • 84939432100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correction of hypovolemia with crystalloid fluids: individualizing infusion therapy
    • G.Liamis, T.D.Filippatos, M.S.Elisaf. Correction of hypovolemia with crystalloid fluids: individualizing infusion therapy. Postgrad Med. 2015;127:405–412.
    • (2015) Postgrad Med , vol.127 , pp. 405-412
    • Liamis, G.1    Filippatos, T.D.2    Elisaf, M.S.3
  • 30
    • 34249047454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis
    • D.H.Ellison, T.Berl. Clinical practice. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:2064–2072.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , pp. 2064-2072
    • Ellison, D.H.1    Berl, T.2
  • 31
    • 0038320329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation and management of hypo-osmolality in hospitalized patients
    • vii
    • N.Janicic, J.G.Verbalis. Evaluation and management of hypo-osmolality in hospitalized patients. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2003;32:459–481. vii.
    • (2003) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am , vol.32 , pp. 459-481
    • Janicic, N.1    Verbalis, J.G.2
  • 33
    • 0033989706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis associated with multiple sclerosis
    • G.Liamis, M.Elisaf. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis associated with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci. 2000;172:38–40.
    • (2000) J Neurol Sci , vol.172 , pp. 38-40
    • Liamis, G.1    Elisaf, M.2
  • 34
    • 0036229664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hyponatremic patient: a systematic approach to laboratory diagnosis
    • H.J.Milionis, G.L.Liamis, M.S.Elisaf. The hyponatremic patient: a systematic approach to laboratory diagnosis. CMAJ. 2002;166:1056–1062.
    • (2002) CMAJ , vol.166 , pp. 1056-1062
    • Milionis, H.J.1    Liamis, G.L.2    Elisaf, M.S.3
  • 35
    • 84903532738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia
    • G.Spasovski, R.Vanholder, B.Allolio, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014;170:G1–G47.
    • (2014) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.170 , pp. G1-G47
    • Spasovski, G.1    Vanholder, R.2    Allolio, B.3
  • 36
    • 0028338515 scopus 로고
    • Application of the clearance concept to hyponatremic and hypernatremic disorders: a phenomenological analysis
    • A.S.Shoker. Application of the clearance concept to hyponatremic and hypernatremic disorders: a phenomenological analysis. Clin Chem. 1994;40:1220–1227.
    • (1994) Clin Chem , vol.40 , pp. 1220-1227
    • Shoker, A.S.1
  • 37
    • 0034045648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The urine/plasma electrolyte ratio: a predictive guide to water restriction
    • H.Furst, H.Kr, J.Post, et al. The urine/plasma electrolyte ratio: a predictive guide to water restriction. Am J Med Sci. 2000;319:240–244.
    • (2000) Am J Med Sci , vol.319 , pp. 240-244
    • Furst, H.1    Kr, H.2    Post, J.3
  • 39
    • 84922178563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urea minimizes brain complications following rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia compared with vasopressin antagonist or hypertonic saline
    • F.Gankam Kengne, B.S.Couturier, A.Soupart, et al. Urea minimizes brain complications following rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia compared with vasopressin antagonist or hypertonic saline. Kidney Int. 2015;87:323–331.
    • (2015) Kidney Int , vol.87 , pp. 323-331
    • Gankam Kengne, F.1    Couturier, B.S.2    Soupart, A.3
  • 40
    • 84949085947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SIADH-related hyponatremia in hospital day care units: clinical experience and management with tolvaptan
    • R.De Las Penas, S.Ponce, F.Henao, et al. SIADH-related hyponatremia in hospital day care units: clinical experience and management with tolvaptan. Support Care Cancer. 2016;24:499–507.
    • (2016) Support Care Cancer , vol.24 , pp. 499-507
    • De Las Penas, R.1    Ponce, S.2    Henao, F.3
  • 41
    • 84960241676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-life experience of tolvaptan use in the treatment of severe hyponatraemia due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
    • 84:620–626
    • P.Tzoulis, J.A.Waung, E.Bagkeris, et al. Real-life experience of tolvaptan use in the treatment of severe hyponatraemia due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016;84:620–626.
    • (2016) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)
    • Tzoulis, P.1    Waung, J.A.2    Bagkeris, E.3
  • 42
    • 84883104319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rapid and efficient way to manage hyponatremia in patients with SIADH and small cell lung cancer: treatment with tolvaptan
    • C.Petereit, O.Zaba, I.Teber, et al. A rapid and efficient way to manage hyponatremia in patients with SIADH and small cell lung cancer: treatment with tolvaptan. BMC Pulm Med. 2013;13:55.
    • (2013) BMC Pulm Med , vol.13 , pp. 55
    • Petereit, C.1    Zaba, O.2    Teber, I.3
  • 43
    • 0030975313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aiding fluid prescription for the dysnatremias
    • H.J.Adrogue, N.E.Madias. Aiding fluid prescription for the dysnatremias. Intensive Care Med. 1997;23:309–316.
    • (1997) Intensive Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 309-316
    • Adrogue, H.J.1    Madias, N.E.2
  • 44
    • 0036020912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current prescriptions for the correction of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia: are they too simple?
    • N.R.Barsoum, B.S.Levine. Current prescriptions for the correction of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia: are they too simple? Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:1176–1180.
    • (2002) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.17 , pp. 1176-1180
    • Barsoum, N.R.1    Levine, B.S.2
  • 45
    • 84863529563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The challenge of hyponatremia
    • H.J.Adrogue, N.E.Madias. The challenge of hyponatremia. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;23:1140–1148.
    • (2012) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.23 , pp. 1140-1148
    • Adrogue, H.J.1    Madias, N.E.2
  • 46
    • 84875210658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertonic saline and desmopressin: a simple strategy for safe correction of severe hyponatremia
    • L.Sood, R.H.Sterns, J.K.Hix, et al. Hypertonic saline and desmopressin: a simple strategy for safe correction of severe hyponatremia. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013;61:571–578.
    • (2013) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.61 , pp. 571-578
    • Sood, L.1    Sterns, R.H.2    Hix, J.K.3
  • 48
    • 84869238944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral lixivaptan effectively increases serum sodium concentrations in outpatients with euvolemic hyponatremia
    • W.T.Abraham, G.Decaux, R.C.Josiassen, et al. Oral lixivaptan effectively increases serum sodium concentrations in outpatients with euvolemic hyponatremia. Kidney Int. 2012;82:1215–1222.
    • (2012) Kidney Int , vol.82 , pp. 1215-1222
    • Abraham, W.T.1    Decaux, G.2    Josiassen, R.C.3
  • 50
    • 84880576452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of vaptans in the management of hyponatremia
    • R.W.Lehrich, D.I.Ortiz-Melo, M.B.Patel, et al. Role of vaptans in the management of hyponatremia. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013;62:364–376.
    • (2013) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.62 , pp. 364-376
    • Lehrich, R.W.1    Ortiz-Melo, D.I.2    Patel, M.B.3
  • 51
    • 84934436877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current treatment practice and outcomes. Report of the hyponatremia registry
    • A.Greenberg, J.G.Verbalis, A.N.Amin, et al. Current treatment practice and outcomes. Report of the hyponatremia registry. Kidney Int. 2015;88:167–177.
    • (2015) Kidney Int , vol.88 , pp. 167-177
    • Greenberg, A.1    Verbalis, J.G.2    Amin, A.N.3
  • 52
    • 84947249417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do vasopressin V2 receptor antagonists benefit cirrhotics with refractory ascites?
    • H.Fukui. Do vasopressin V2 receptor antagonists benefit cirrhotics with refractory ascites? World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21:11584–11596.
    • (2015) World J Gastroenterol , vol.21 , pp. 11584-11596
    • Fukui, H.1
  • 53
    • 84937787217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of long-term tolvaptan therapy for decompensated liver cirrhosis
    • T.Kogiso, K.Tokushige, E.Hashimoto, et al. Safety and efficacy of long-term tolvaptan therapy for decompensated liver cirrhosis. Hepatol Res. 2016;46:E194–E200.
    • (2016) Hepatol Res , vol.46 , pp. E194-E200
    • Kogiso, T.1    Tokushige, K.2    Hashimoto, E.3
  • 54
    • 85019257610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment of vasopressin V2-receptor antagonists in cirrhosis patients with ascites: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • L.Yan, F.Xie, J.Lu, et al. The treatment of vasopressin V2-receptor antagonists in cirrhosis patients with ascites: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Gastroenterol. 2015;15:65.
    • (2015) BMC Gastroenterol , vol.15 , pp. 65
    • Yan, L.1    Xie, F.2    Lu, J.3
  • 55
    • 84978406654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cited, Oct, Available from
    • S.O.P.C.Tolvaptansummary of product characteristics. [cited 2015 Oct 24]. Available from: http://www.otsukapharma.info/medical-professionals/samsca/pdf/Samsca15mg-SPC-Eng-201108.pdf.
    • (2015)
    • Tolvaptan, S.O.P.C.1
  • 56
    • 84978372689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cited, Oct, Available from:
    • Tolvaptan prescribing information. [cited 2015 Oct 24]. Available from: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/022275s009lbl.pdf.
    • (2015)
  • 57
    • 84945491715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pattern of tolvaptan-associated liver injury in subjects with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: analysis of clinical trials database
    • P.B.Watkins, J.H.Lewis, N.Kaplowitz, et al. Clinical pattern of tolvaptan-associated liver injury in subjects with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: analysis of clinical trials database. Drug Saf. 2015;38:1103–1113.
    • (2015) Drug Saf , vol.38 , pp. 1103-1113
    • Watkins, P.B.1    Lewis, J.H.2    Kaplowitz, N.3
  • 58
    • 84871303897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
    • V.E.Torres, A.B.Chapman, O.Devuyst, et al. Tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:2407–2418.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 2407-2418
    • Torres, V.E.1    Chapman, A.B.2    Devuyst, O.3
  • 59
    • 84978371968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cited, Oct, Available from
    • Tolvaptan-FDA drug safety communication. [cited 2015 Oct 24]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm350185.htm.
    • (2015)
  • 60
    • 84955067225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose comparison of conivaptan (Vaprisol(R)) in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia – efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics
    • B.F.Palmer, A.D.Rock, E.J.Woodward. Dose comparison of conivaptan (Vaprisol(R)) in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia – efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:339–351.
    • (2016) Drug Des Devel Ther , vol.10 , pp. 339-351
    • Palmer, B.F.1    Rock, A.D.2    Woodward, E.J.3
  • 62
    • 84978411119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available from:
    • S.O.P.C.Conivaptansummary of product characteristics [Internet; cited 2015 Oct 24]. Available from: http://www.vaprisol.com/pdf/Vaprisol-PI-Apr2015.pdf.
    • Conivaptan, S.O.P.C.1
  • 63
    • 69549108912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overcorrection of hyponatremia is a medical emergency
    • R.H.Sterns, J.K.Hix. Overcorrection of hyponatremia is a medical emergency. Kidney Int. 2009;76:587–589.
    • (2009) Kidney Int , vol.76 , pp. 587-589
    • Sterns, R.H.1    Hix, J.K.2
  • 64
    • 42549144456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DDAVP is effective in preventing and reversing inadvertent overcorrection of hyponatremia
    • A.Perianayagam, R.H.Sterns, S.M.Silver, et al. DDAVP is effective in preventing and reversing inadvertent overcorrection of hyponatremia. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:331–336.
    • (2008) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.3 , pp. 331-336
    • Perianayagam, A.1    Sterns, R.H.2    Silver, S.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.