Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: A systematic review

European Journal of Neurology

Volumn 21, Issue 12, 2014, Pages 1443-1450

  Singh, T D ^a   Fugate, J E ^a   Rabinstein, A A ^a  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

Central pontine myelinolysis; Extrapontine myelinolysis; Osmotic demyelination

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOLISM; ATAXIA; AUTOPSY; BRAIN DISEASE; CENTRAL PONTINE MYELINOLYSIS; DATA BASE; DEATH; DISABILITY; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; EXTRAPONTINE MYELINOLYSIS; EYE DISEASE; HEMIPARESIS; HUMAN; HYPONATREMIA; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MALNUTRITION; METABOLIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; MORTALITY; NEOPLASM; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OSMOTIC DEMYELINATION SYNDROME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RADIODIAGNOSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SEIZURE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; ADULT; FEMALE; MALE; META ANALYSIS; MIDDLE AGED; MYELINOLYSIS, CENTRAL PONTINE;

ADULT; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYELINOLYSIS, CENTRAL PONTINE;

EID: 84916216543     PISSN: 13515101     EISSN: 14681331     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ene.12571     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Brown WD. Osmotic demyelination disorders: central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis. Curr Opin Neurol 2000; 13: 691-697.
2. Adams RA, Victor M, Mancall EL. Central pontine myelinolysis: a hitherto underdescribed desease occurring in alcoholics and malnourished patients. AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1959; 81: 154-172.
3. Wright DG, Laureno R, Victor M. Pontine and extra-pontine myelinolysis. Brain 1979; 102: 361-385.
4. Sterns HR, Riggs JE, Schochet SS Jr. Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 1535-1542.
5. Laureno R. Central pontine myelinolysis following rapid correction of hyponatremia. Ann Neurol 1983; 13: 232-242.
6. Chason JL, Landers JW, Gonzalez JE. Central pontine myelinolysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1964; 27: 317-325.
7. Goebel HH, Zur HH. Central pontine myelinolysis. A clinical and pathological study of 10 cases. Brain 1972; 95: 495-504.
8. Burcar PJ, Norenberg MD, Yarnell PR. Hyponatremia and central pontine myelinolysis. Neurology 1977; 27: 223-226.
9. Goldman JE, Horoupian DS. Demyelination of the lateral geniculate nucleus in central pontine myelinolysis. Ann Neurol 1981; 9: 185-189.
10. Endo Y, Oda M, Hara M. Central pontine myelinolysis: a study of 37 cases in 1000 consecutive autopsies. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1981; 53: 145-153.
11. Norenberg MD, Leslie KO, Roberstson AS. Association between rise in serum sodium and central pontine myelinolysis. Ann Neurol 1982; 11: 128-135.
12. Slager UT. Central pontine myelinolysis and abnormalities in serum sodium. Clin Neuropathol 1986; 5: 252-256.
13. Gotch A, Colmant HJ. Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: a report of 58 cases. Clin Neuropathol 1987; 6: 262-270.
14. McKee AC, WInkelman MD, Banker BQ. Central pontine myelinolysis in severely burned patients: relationship to serum hyperosmolality. Neurology 1988; 38: 1211-1217.
15. Newell KL, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK. Central pontine myelinolysis at autopsy; a twelve year retrospective analysis. J Neurol Sci 1996; 142: 134-139.
16. Martinez AJ, Estol C, Faris AA. Neurologic complications of liver transplantation. Neurol Clin 1988; 6: 327-348.
17. Estol CJ, Faris AA, Martinez J, Ahdab-Barmada M. Central pontine myelinolysis after liver transplantation. Neurology 1989; 39: 493-498.
18. Ferreiro JA, Robert MA, Townsend J, Vinters HV. Neuropathologic findings after liver transplantation. Acta Neuropathol 1992; 84: 1-14.
19. Bonham CA, Dominguez EA, Fukui MB, et al. Central nervous system lesions in liver transplant recipients: prospective assessment of indications for biopsy and implications for management. Transplantation 1998; 66: 1596-1604.
20. Bronster DJ, Emre S, Boccagni P, Sheiner PA, Schwartz ME, Miller CM. Central nervous system complications in liver transplant recipients - incidence, timing and long-term follow up. Clin Transplant 2000; 14: 1-7.
21. Yu J, Zheng S, Liang T, Shen Y, Wang W, Ke Q. Possible causes of central pontine myelinolysis after liver transplantation. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10: 2540-2543.
22. Yun BG, Kim WR, Benson JT, et al. Impact of pretransplant hyponatremia on outcome following liver transplantation. Hepatology 2009; 49: 1610-1615.
23. Lee EM, Kang JK, Yun S, et al. Risk factors for central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis following orthotopic liver transplantation. Eur Neurol 2009; 62: 362-368.
24. Messert B, Orrison WW, Hawkins MJ, Quaglieri CE. Central pontine myelinolysis. Considerations on etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Neurology 1979; 29: 147-160.
25. Falcone N, Compagnoni A, Meschini C, Perrone C, Nappo A. Central pontine myelinolysis induced by hypophosphatemia following Wernicke's encephalopathy. Neurol Sci 2004; 24: 407-410.
26. Qadir F, Hasan A, Masood M. Extra pontine myelinolysis associated with hypophosphatemia. J Pak Med Assoc 2005; 55: 254-256.
27. Shintani M, Yamashita M, Nakano A, et al. Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis associated with type 2 diabetic patient with hypokalemia. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2005; 68: 75-80.
28. Yoon KH, Fong KY, Koh DR, Suri R. Central pontine myelinolysis - a rare manifestation of CNS Sjogren's syndrome. Lupus 2000; 9: 471-473.
29. Lee IW, Su MT, Kuo PL, Chang CM. Gestational diabetes and central pontine myelinolysis with quadriplegia: a case report. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2010; 23: 728-731.
30. Burns JD, Kosa SC, WIjdicks EF. Central pontine myelinolysis in a patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia and consistently normal serum sodium. Neurocrit Care 2009; 11: 251-254.
31. O'Malley G, Moran C, Draman MS, et al. Central pontine myelinolysis complicating treatment of the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. Ann Clin Biochem 2008; 45(pt 4): 440-443.
32. Tarhan NC, Agildere AM, Benli US, Ozdemir FN, Aytekin C, Can U. Osmotic demyelination syndrome in end stage renal disease after recent hemodialysis: MRI of the brain. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004; 182: 809-816.
33. Castillo RA, Ray RA, Yaghmai FL. Central pontine myelinolysis and pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1989; 73: 459-461.
34. Bando N, Watanabe K, Tomotake M, Taniguchi T, Ohmori T. Central pontine myelinolysis associated with a hypoglycemic coma in anorexia nervosa. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2005; 27: 372-374.
35. Patel AS, Matthews L, Bruce-Jones W. Central pontine myelinolysis as a complication of refeeding syndrome in a patient with anorexia nervosa. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 20: 371-371.
36. Sinha S, Taly AB, Ravishankar S, Prashanth LK, Vasudev MK. Central pontine signal changes in Wilson disease: distinct MRI morphology and sequential changes with de-coppering therapy. J Neuroimaging 2007; 17: 286-291.
37. Tsai MH, Lu CS, Chen CJ, Tsai WP, Liou LB. Extrapontine myelinolysis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report. J Formos Med Assoc 2002; 101: 505-508.
38. Sullivan EV, Pfefferbaum A. Magnetic resonance relaxometry reveals central pontine abnormalities in clinically asymptomatic alcoholic men. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001; 25: 1206-1212.
39. Karp BI, Laureno R. Pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: a neurologic disorder following rapid correction of hyponatremia. Medicine (Baltimore) 1993; 72: 359-373.
40. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Anderson CA, Rubinstein D. Asymptomatic pontine lesions found by magnetic resonance imaging. Are they central pontine myelinolysis? J Neurol Sci 1997; 149: 27-35.
41. Menger H, Jorg J. Outcome of central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis (n = 44). J Neurol 1999; 246: 700-705.
42. Bekiesinska-Figatowska M, Bulski T, Rozyczka I, Furmanek M, Walecki J. MR imaging of seven presumed cases of central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis. Acta Neurobiol Exp 2001; 61: 141-144.
43. Chua GC, Sitoh YY, Lim CC, Chua HC, Ng PY. MRI findings in osmotic myelinolysis. Clin Radiol 2002; 57: 800-806.
44. Mochizuki H, Masaki T, Miyakawa T, et al. Benign type of central pontine myelinolysis in alcoholism. Clinical, neuroradiological and electrophysiological findings. J Neurol 2003; 250: 1077-1083.
45. Uchino A, Yuzuriha T, Murakami M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of sequelae of central pontine myelinolysis in chronic alcohol abusers. Neuroradiology 2003; 45: 877-880.
46. Masuna AK, Yale SH. Central pontine myelinolysis: case series and review. WMJ 2005; 104: 56-60.
47. Odier C, Nguyen DK, Panisset M. Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: from epileptic and other manifestations to cognitive prognosis. J Neurol 2010; 257: 1176-1180.
48. Kallakatta RN, Radhakrishnan A, Fayaz RK, Unnikrishnan JP, Kesavadas C, Sarma SP. Clinical and functional outcome and factors predicting prognosis in osmotic demyelination syndrome (central pontine and/or extrapontine myelinolysis) in 25 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011; 82: 326-331.
49. Graff-Radford J, Fugate JE, Kaufmann TJ, Mandrekar JN, Rabinstein AA. Clinical and radiological correlations of central pontine myelinolysis syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 2011; 86: 1063-1067.
50. De Souza A, Desai PK. More often striatal myelinolysis than pontine? A consecutive series of patients with osmotic demyelination syndrome. Neurol Res 2012; 34: 262-271.
51. Louis G, Megarbane B, Lavoué S, et al. Long-term outcome of patients hospitalized in intensive care units with central or extrapontine myelinolysis. Crit Care Med 2012; 40: 970-972.
52. Förster A, Nölte I, Wenz H, et al. Value of diffusion-weighted imaging in central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis. Neuroradiology 2013; 55: 49-56.
53. Pfister HW, Einhaupl KM, Brandt T. Mild central pontine myelinolysis: a frequently undetected syndrome. Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci 1985; 235: 134-139.
54. Ayus JC, Krothapalli RK, Arieff AI. Treatment of symptomatic hyponatremia and its relation to brain damage: a prospective study. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 1190-1195.
55. Miller GM, Baker HL Jr, Okazaki H, Whisnant JP. Central pontine myelinolysis and its imitators: MR findings. Radiology 1988; 168: 795-802.
56. McCormick WF, Daneel CM. Central pontine myelinolysis. Arch Intern Med 1967; 119: 444-478.
57. Norenberg MD. Central pontine myelinolysis: historical and mechanistic considerations. Metab Brain Dis 2010; 25: 97-106.