Liver-related mortality in countries of the developed world: an ecological study approach to explain the variability

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 68-77

  von Wulffen, M ^a,b,c   Clark, P J ^a,b,d   Macdonald, G A ^a,b,c   Raj, A S ^a,b   Kendall, B J ^a,b   Powell, E E ^a,b,c   Jones, M P ^e   Holtmann, G ^a,b,c  

^a PRINCESS ALEXANDRA HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^c TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Australia)

^d QIMR BERGHOFER MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Australia)

^e MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE; DEVELOPED COUNTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION; GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT; HEALTH CARE COST; HELICOBACTER INFECTION; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 84977610471     PISSN: 02692813     EISSN: 13652036     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/apt.13657     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Blachier M, Leleu H, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Valla DC, Roudot-Thoraval F. The burden of liver disease in Europe: a review of available epidemiological data. J Hepatol 2013; 58: 593–608.
2. Udompap P, Kim D, Kim WR. Current and Future Burden of Chronic Nonmalignant Liver Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13: 2031–41.
3. Blais P, Husain N, Kramer JR, Kowalkowski M, El-Serag H, Kanwal F. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is underrecognized in the primary care setting. Am J Gastroenterol 2015; 110: 10–4.
4. Welsh JA, Karpen S, Vos MB. Increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among United States adolescents, 1988-1994 to 2007-2010. J Pediatr 2013; 162: 496–500. e1.
5. Lazo M, Hernaez R, Eberhardt MS, et al. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178: 38–45.
6. Malik VS, Willett WC, Hu FB. Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2013; 9: 13–27.
7. Charlton MR, Burns JM, Pedersen RA, Watt KD, Heimbach JK, Dierkhising RA. Frequency and outcomes of liver transplantation for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in the United States. Gastroenterology 2011; 141: 1249–53.
8. Brown LM. Helicobacter pylori: epidemiology and routes of transmission. Epidemiol Rev 2000; 22: 283–97.
9. Laursen MF, Zachariassen G, Bahl MI, et al. Having older siblings is associated with gut microbiota development during early childhood. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15: 154.
10. Lambert JR, Lin SK, Sievert W, Nicholson L, Schembri M, Guest C. High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in an institutionalized population: evidence for person-to-person transmission. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90: 2167–71.
11. Lender N, Talley NJ, Enck P, et al. Review article: associations between Helicobacter pylori and obesity–an ecological study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2014; 40: 24–31.
12. Lane JA, Murray LJ, Harvey IM, Donovan JL, Nair P, Harvey RF. Randomised clinical trial: Helicobacter pylori eradication is associated with a significantly increased body mass index in a placebo-controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33: 922–9.
13. El-Serag HB. Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2012; 142: 1264–73 e1.
14. El-Serag HB, Hampel H, Javadi F. The association between diabetes and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4: 369–80.
15. Poynard T, Bedossa P, Opolon P. Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The OBSVIRC, METAVIR, CLINIVIR, and DOSVIRC groups. Lancet 1997; 349: 825–32.
16. Ruhl CE, Menke A, Cowie CC, Everhart JE. Relationship of hepatitis C virus infection with diabetes in the U.S. population. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2014; 60: 1139–49.
17. Kruse RL, Kramer JR, Tyson GL, et al. Clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus coinfection in a United States cohort of hepatitis C virus-infected patients. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2014; 60: 1871–8.
18. McMahon BJ. Epidemiology and natural history of hepatitis B. Semin Liver Dis 2005; 25(Suppl. 1): 3–8.
19. Kusakabe A, Tanaka Y, Inoue M, et al. A population-based cohort study for the risk factors of HCC among hepatitis B virus mono-infected subjects in Japan. J Gastroenterol 2011; 46: 117–24.
20. Qu LS, Zhou GX. Significance of viral status on occurrence of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 5999–6005.
21. Chen CJ, Yang HI, Su J, et al. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma across a biological gradient of serum hepatitis B virus DNA level. JAMA 2006; 295: 65–73.
22. Swift R. The relationship between health and GDP in OECD countries in the very long run. Health Econ 2011; 20: 306–22.
23. Cremieux PY, Ouellette P, Pilon C. Health care spending as determinants of health outcomes. Health Econ 1999; 8: 627–39.
24. Lahti-Koski M, Pietinen P, Heliovaara M, Vartiainen E. Associations of body mass index and obesity with physical activity, food choices, alcohol intake, and smoking in the 1982-1997 FINRISK Studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 75: 809–17.
25. Cassel G. Abnormal deviations in international exchanges. Econ J 1918; 28: 413–5.
26. Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380: 2095–128.
27. Schweitzer A, Horn J, Mikolajczyk RT, Krause G, Ott JJ. Estimations of worldwide prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review of data published between 1965 and 2013. Lancet 2015; 386: 1546–55.
28. Lieber CS. Mechanism of ethanol induced hepatic injury. Pharmacol Ther 1990; 46: 1–41.
29. Schulz C, Koch N, Schutte K, Pieper DH, Malfertheiner PH. pylori and its modulation of gastrointestinal microbiota. J Dig Dis 2015; 16: 109–17.
30. Schnabl B, Brenner DA. Interactions between the intestinal microbiome and liver diseases. Gastroenterology 2014; 146: 1513–24.
31. European Association for Study of Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 2014; 60: 392–420.
32. Lavanchy D. Evolving epidemiology of hepatitis C virus. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 107–15.
33. Mohd Hanafiah K, Groeger J, Flaxman AD, Wiersma ST. Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: new estimates of age-specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2013; 57: 1333–42.
34. Loomba R, Yang HI, Su J, et al. Synergism between obesity and alcohol in increasing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 177: 333–42.
35. Degos F, Christidis C, Ganne-Carrie N, et al. Hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis: time to occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Gut 2000; 47: 131–6.
36. Monto A, Alonzo J, Watson JJ, Grunfeld C, Wright TL. Steatosis in chronic hepatitis C: relative contributions of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and alcohol. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2002; 36: 729–36.
37. Koh WP, Robien K, Wang R, Govindarajan S, Yuan JM, Yu MC. Smoking as an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Br J Cancer 2011; 105: 1430–5.
38. Polesel J, Zucchetto A, Montella M, et al. The impact of obesity and diabetes mellitus on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2009; 20: 353–7.
39. Razavi H, Elkhoury AC, Elbasha E, et al. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease burden and cost in the United States. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2013; 57: 2164–70.
40. Kenny-Walsh E. Clinical outcomes after hepatitis C infection from contaminated anti-D immune globulin. Irish Hepatology Research Group. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 1228–33.
41. Wiese M, Fischer J, Lobermann M, et al. Evaluation of liver disease progression in the German hepatitis C virus (1b)-contaminated anti-D cohort at 35 years after infection. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2014; 59: 49–57.
42. Perz JF, Armstrong GL, Farrington LA, Hutin YJ, Bell BP. The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide. J Hepatol 2006; 45: 529–38.
43. Linas BP, Barter DM, Morgan JR, et al. The cost-effectiveness of sofosbuvir-based regimens for treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 infection. Ann Intern Med 2015; 162: 619–29.
44. Najafzadeh M, Andersson K, Shrank WH, et al. Cost-effectiveness of novel regimens for the treatment of hepatitis C virus. Ann Intern Med 2015; 162: 407–19.
45. Targher G, Bertolini L, Padovani R, et al. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with cardiovascular disease among type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1212–8.
46. Targher G, Day CP, Bonora E. Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1341–50.
47. Stepanova M, Rafiq N, Makhlouf H, et al. Predictors of all-cause mortality and liver-related mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58: 3017–23.
48. Lazo M, Hernaez R, Bonekamp S, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality among US adults: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2011; 343: d6891.
49. Piroth L, Pol S, Miailhes P, et al. Therapeutic management and evolution of chronic hepatitis B: does HIV still have an impact? The EPIB 2012 study. Liver Int 2015; 35: 1950–8.
50. Kielland KB, Skaug K, Amundsen EJ, Dalgard O. All-cause and liver-related mortality in hepatitis C infected drug users followed for 33 years: a controlled study. J Hepatol 2013; 58: 31–7.